The Indonesian Way
Module 7 – Buying and Selling
George Quinn & Uli Kozok
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Date of Last Revision: 13 February 2015
The development of “The Indonesian Way” was sponsored by grant P017A090375-10 from the US Department of Education, International Research and Studies Program.
Module 7
Buying and Selling
The basic aim of Module 7 is to provide you with the vocabulary, grammatical resources and model sentences that will enable you to go shopping and conduct business. Emphasis is on shopping for clothes, but you will also learn how to buy and sell real estate.
There is further study of the passive forms of verbs, with emphasis on the so-called “class II” passives involving first person and second person agents. You will learn the terms for various ba -sic items of clothing and get more practice with the nominalising function of yang. There is a com-plete (simplified) short story by Indonesian author Mochtar Lubis, and you will consolidate your knowledge of Indonesian houses, including the form of a traditional Javanese house.
Pakaian Barat dan Pakaian Indonesia
Aims
• To introduce the main terms for items of clothing.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have ap-peared in previous lessons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
baju shirt, clothes murah cheap
berwarna be coloured... musim season
buah fruit olahraga sport
dipakai be worn, used panjang long
harga price pesta fest, party
ingin desire, wish, want pakaian shirt, clothes
katanya people say sepatu shoes
mencari to look for, seek toko a shop
“What Kind Of…?”
There are three main ways you can ask the question “What kind of…?” in Indonesian. In the first place you can simply place apa (what) behind the noun you are asking about.
Mobil itu mobil apa? What kind of car is that? Bapak suka buah apa?
What kind of fruit do you like, Sir?
You practised this use ofapa in Lesson 28 (Module 2). Go back that lesson and review the ma-terial there.
You can also use the phrase seperti apa or the slightly more colloquialmacam apa (what kind/sort), placing it after the noun you are asking about.
Untuk Anda, olahraga seperti apa yang paling menyenangkan? For you, what kind of sport is the most enjoyable?
Anda mencari pakaian macam apa? Pakaian musim panas atau musim dingin? What kind of clothes are you looking for? Summer clothes or winter?
Another phrase you can use isyang bagaimana (in what way/mode/style). Likeapa, seperti apa and macam apa, this phrase also appears after the noun you are asking about.
Masakan yang bagaimana yang dijual di warung ini? What kind of food is sold in this eatery?
Anda paling suka pakaian yang bagaimana? What kind of clothes do you like best?
In the exercises that follow in this lesson there will be some practice withmacam apa, seperti apa and yang bagaimana.
How to Shop for Clothes: The Basics
A conversation in the clothing section of a department store might go something like this. Listen toSound File 088-01 carefully and try to memorise the dialogue as good as you can. You may also read the transcription if this helps you to memorise the dialogue better. Then cover the transcription, and try to perform the dialogue without any help. If you get stuck, look at theterjemahan (translation). Look at the transcription only as a last resort. You should be able to perform the dialogue without looking at the Indonesian text at all.
Penjual Pembeli
Bu Nurida
Selamat pagi. Cari apa, Bu? Saya mencari kemeja untuk suami saya. Apakah ada yang ukuran besar?
Bu Gah Ada. Kemeja ini bagus sekali, buatan luar
negeri. Ibu mau warna apa?
Saya cari yang biru.
O maaf yang biru habis. Itu, apa itu yang di sana?
Di mana? O... di sana. Itu blus. Coba lihat blusnya. Ada warna apa saja? Warnanya merah dan kuning. Hmmm, lumayan juga blus-blus itu. Memang. Ibu mau blus yang
bagaimana?
Saya paling suka blus lengan panjang.
Dan Ibu suka warna apa? Saya paling suka warna kuning. Nah, ini. Blus kuning yang cocok untuk
Ibu.
Memang, cocok sekali. Saya minta dua.
Terjemahan
Penjual Pembeli
Bu Nurida
Good morning, madam. What are you looking for?
I’m looking for a shirt for my husband. Do you have a large one?
Bu Gah Yes, we do. This is a really nice shirt
made overseas. What colour do you want?
I am looking for a blue one.
Sorry, we’re out of the blue ones. What’s that? Over there. Where? Oh, over there. Those are
blouses.
They are red and yellow. Hmmm, those blouses are not bad. You’re right. What style of blouse do you
want?
I really like long sleeve blouses.
And what colour do you like? My favourite colour is yellow. Well, here we are. A yellow blouse that is
just right for you.
You’re right, it’s really perfect. I’ll take two.
Check your understanding of this dialogue by doing Latihan 2–3. When you encounter any diffi -cult word, consult the vocabulary list or the translation.
Substitution Tables
The dialogue can be fleshed out and varied using the following substitution tables. Practise generating a variety of questions and answers from the tables, if possible with a partner. Where you can, and where you are confident that you are correct, add more items to the columns in the tables. As you say each sentence, always try to imagine an actual situation in which you might use it.
NyonyaIbu mencari apa?
Bapak Tuan
merah.
celana dalam berwarna putih.
baju tidur ---
---kaus murah.
Saya sepatu yang bagus.
Kami mencari jas hujan besar.
jaket ---
---sapu tangan dibuat di Indonesia.
kuning
celana dalam berwarna hitam
baju tidur
---kaus murah
(Apakah) Ada sepatu yang bagus ?
jas hujan besar
jaket ---sapu tangan dibuat di Indonesia
kemeja buatan luar negeri
celana dalam baju tidur kaus
Ada. Ada juga sepatu
jas hujan yang ... jaket
sapu tangan kemeja
celana dalam baju tidur kaus Maaf, tidak ada. Tetapi ada sepatu
jas hujan yang ... jaket
sapu tangan kemeja
Iniapa? Itu
baju hangat.
Itu kemeja batik.
Ini celana pendek.
topi baju sepatu
Apa warna kemeja ini
blus itu ?
rok celana
Warnanya hitam / merah / putih / kuning / biru / hijau
Bapak dasi
Tuan rok macam apa ?
Ibu mau sepatu yang bagaimana?
Nyonya kaus
celana
biru. besar.
rok murah.
mau dasi batik.
Saya paling suka blus yang kuning.
mencari celana untuk pesta.
---sepatu itu.
kaus seperti ini.
yang di sana.
BapakIbu suka warna apa?
hitam. biru. putih. Saya suka warna hijau.
coklat. biru. merah.
Baju Anda.
Sepatu saya.
Kemeja ini cocok (sekali) untuk Ibu.
Blus Bapak.
Topi Nyonya.
Celana
satu. Memang, cocok sekali. Saya minta dua.
tiga.
Cara Indonesia: Clothes
Indonesia is a status society and status is to a large extent reflected in the clothes and accessories a person wears. It is therefore not surprising that Indonesians put a lot of emphasis on what they wear. Especially at official events such as celebrations and festivities, visiting an office, but also at more familiar events such as attending a party or visiting friends and family, Indonesians will always try to dress as good as they can, and it is considered offensive to wear shabby clothes, slippers (flip-flops), a t-shirt, or shorts at any even slightly official event.
Latihan 88-01
Look back at the transcription of the above dialogue. Taking it as your beginning point, and drawing on the substitution tables, rewrite the dialogue so that it is similar in form but completely different in content. Make some changes in the order of components, and completely change the actors, merchandise, colours and other “content” components of the dialogue.
Latihan 88-02
(ba-nyaknya) of each item you purchased, in the wide middle column write the names of the items of merchandise (nama barang) you bought, to the right of this write the price per unit (harga satuan) of each item (inserting a realistic price in Indonesianrupiah), and in the right-hand column write the totals (jumlah). Don’t forget that when you write numbers in Indonesian you put a dot, not a comma, to mark off every group of three digits (the thousands). So, for example, to writelima pu-luh lima ribu rupiah in figures you write Rp. 55.000.
Latihan 88-03
In this exercise you will find a series of answers. Write an appropriatequestion to go with each answer. The question should ask “what kind of” usingapa,macam apa, seperti apa oryang ba-gaimana. Before you start the exercise review substitution tables, specifically on Number 5 and Number 6, and study the example below. Note that there are many possible correct questions that may go with each answer.
Example:
1. Saya mencari yang lengan panjang. 2. Saya mau ukuran sedang.
3. Saya paling suka yang kuning. 4. Saya ingin yang untuk musim dingin. 5. Saya mencari yang murah saja. Ada?
6. Hmmm, katanya batik Solo yang paling bagus. Ada batik Danar Hadi? 7. Yang berwarna merah.
8. Yang seperti itu… yang di sana.
9. Wah! Saya tidak tahu! Apakah saya boleh melihat semua? 10. Saya mencari yang bisa dipakai ke pesta.
Latihan 88-04
Here is the laundry list from the Hotel Marcopolo in the Cikini area of central Jakarta. The names of garments are given in English and Indonesian. Some of the English terms have been erased. Write the appropriate English term in the blank space beside its Indonesian equivalent. Note that the Indonesian spelling is not al-ways correct.
Latihan 1
Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan ter-jemahan di kolom kanan.
berwarna to look for mencari inexpensive murah to want to ... panjang ____ coloured
dipakai long
ingin to be used
katanya fruit
buah store
pesta party
toko people say
pakaian size
Latihan 2—Pemahaman
Read the above conversation between the shop assistant (pelayan toko) and Ibu Dewi. Answer the following questions.
1. Ibu Dewi sedang ada di mana? A. di toko buku
B. di toko pakaian C. di rumah makan D. di rumah
2. Apakah toko itu punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi? A. Iya, toko itu punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi.
B. Tidak, toko itu tidak punya kemeja yang dicari oleh Ibu Dewi. 3. Ibu Dewi sangat suka warna apa?
A. Biru B. Kuning C. Merah
4. Akhirnya Ibu Dewi membeli apa? A. Kemeja
B. Blus lengan panjang C. Blus lengan pendek
5. Apakah Ibu Dewi sudah kawin? A. Sudah
B. Belum
6. Apakah Ibu Dewi suka pada blus-blus di toko itu? A. Tidak, dia tidak suka.
B. Dia tidak begitu suka. C. Dia cukup suka.
Latihan 3—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: apa—bagaimana—buatan—cari— cocok—kemeja—kuning—lengan—lumayan—minta—paling—saja—suami—warna—yang
Selamat pagi. Cari __________, Bu?
Saya mencari kemeja untuk __________ saya. Apakah ada yang ukuran besar?
Ada. __________ ini bagus sekali, __________ luar negeri. Ibu mau warna apa
Saya __________ yang biru.
Itu, apa itu yang di sana?
Di mana? O... di sana. Itu blus.
Coba lihat blusnya. Ada warna apa __________?
Warnanya merah dan __________.
Hmmm, __________ juga blus-blus itu.
Memang. Ibu mau blus yang __________?
Saya paling suka blus __________ panjang.
Dan Ibu suka __________ apa?
Saya __________ suka warna kuning.
Nah, ini. Blus kuning yang __________ untuk Ibu.
Memang, cocok sekali. Saya __________ dua.
Latihan 4—Menyimak
Listen to Sound File 088-02. You will hear seven questions. For each of the seven questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Write the order of the answers as they appear in the sound file into the left column.
a. Saya mau yang berwarna biru.
b. Saya suka kemeja buatan Italia.
c. Apa ada kaus yang warna hijau?
d. Ada. Di sini memang khusus menjual pakaian batik.
e. Saya suka blus lengan panjang.
f. O ada. Kami menjual bermacam-macam baju tidur.
Latihan 5—Menjodohkan
Jodohkanlah kata di kolom kiri dengan artinya di kolom kanan.
celana pendek hat, cap baju blouse
cucian skirt baju hangat underpants
jaket shorts kemeja sweater
kaus t-shirt, undershirt blus pants, trousers
topi shoes celana clothes (in general)
rok coat celana dalam pajamas
sepatu laundry baju tidur shirt
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai arti di bawah ini:
1. “People say, Batik from Solo is the best.” Katanya—paling—batik Solo—yang—bagus. 2. “Do you have large size?”
Apakah—yang—ukuran—ada—besar?
3. “Let me see the blouse. What colour do you have?” Coba—Ada—warna—blusnya.—lihat—apa—saja? 4. “I like long-sleeved blouses the most.”
Saya—lengan—blus—paling—suka—panjang. 5. “What kind of clothes do you like best?”
Anda—suka—yang—paling—pakaian—bagaimana?
Pak Bei
Aims
• To introduce vocabulary related to clothing • The noun forming prefixes pe- and peN-
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous les-sons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
dasi necktie nggak no, not (coll.)
hampir almost pakai with, by
harus have to, must rasa feel, think
jangan don’t sampai to arrive, arrived
kok you know! (showing dis-agreement)
lho what! (exclamation showing surprise)
kurang less, not enough sepatu a shoe, shoes
segala great, cool (coll.) sip and all, the whole shabang
mandi to have a bath termasuk to be included
memang indeed wah! exclamation of surprise
Pak Bei
As the speaker (pembicara) of an (unspecified) event, Pak Bei dresses up wearing a white shirt (baju putih) with a neck tie (dasi), a formal suit jacket (jas), and the national headdress known as peci orkopiah made popular by Indonesia’s first president Sukarno. Thepeci is worn at formal situations such as wedding feasts, funerals or festive occasions such as the Muslim Eid ul-Fitr and Eid al-Adha. As thepeci is, in combination with a sarong (sarung) worn by male mosque go-ers, it is often associated with Islam, but in fact it is also worn by many Christians.
The plot of this cartoon is simple. Pak Bei dresses up for an event where he is the speaker. He confirms with his wife that they have nothing forgotten. They have the driver license and the regis -tration paper for the motor bike with them, and they are wearing a helmet. These three items are prescribed by the Indonesian police. He also confirms with his wife that he is properly dressed. He wears a tie, a suit jacket, and formal shoes. But somehow he has the feeling that he has for -gotten something.
While the story is simple, it tells us a lot about the deep-sitting fear of Indonesians of the pos-sibility of losing face—something Indonesians will do anything to avoid. The concept of losing face is circumscribed with the term malu, which also means “embarrassed” and “ashamed”.
Pak Bei Bu Bei Aku mandi dulu sementara kau
siap-si-ap, Bu. Ya, jangan lama-lama agar nggak telat.
Lho, pakai dasi toh?
Iya! Resmi kok! Wah! Pakai jas segala?
Harus. Aku ini kan termasuk pembicara nanti.
SIM sudah. STNK sudah. Helm sudah. Sip. Dasi sudah. Jas sudah. Sepatu juga su
-dah.
Hampir sampai. Diingat-ingat, siapa tahu ada yang kelupaan.
Memang. Rasanya kok ada yang masih kurang. Apa, ya, Bu?
Terjemahan
Pak Bei Bu Bei
I will take a shower while you prepare. Yes, keep it short, so we won’t be late.
What, you are wearing a tie? Sure, it’s a formal (event) Wow, suit jacket and everything? Sure, I’m one of the speakers, you
know.
Got the driver license. Got the registra-tion papers. And the helmet.
Got a neck tie. Got a suit jacket. Got my shoes.
Almost there. Try to remember, who knows you forgot something.
Indeed. It feels as something is missing. What could it be?
When you have finished, do Latihan 2–3 to check your understanding of this dialogue.
Noun Forming affixes
Nouns formed with the prefixpeN- were already discussed in Lesson 73. They are based on verbal roots and indicate the doer of the action. They are hence similar to -er nouns in English:
to read → reader to write → writer
In English, these -er nouns can refer either to the person who performs the action (Hemming-way is a famous writer), or to an object that is used to perform the action (a type writer).
In Indonesian, most peN- nouns refer to the person who performs the action:
Root verbal form PeN- noun
tonton menonton to watch penonton watcher, viewer
beli membeli to buy pembeli buyer
kirim mengirim to send pengirim sender
bantu membantu to help pembantu helper, assistant
pegang memegang to hold pemegang holder
urus mengurus to take care of pengurus care taker
didik mendidik to educate pendidik educator
Some words indicate the object that performs the action:
Root verbal form PeN- noun
buka membuka pembuka opener
panas memanaskan pemanas heater
potong memotong pemotong cutter
MostpeN- nouns are based onmeN- verbs and they are prenasalised in exactly the same way as meN- verbs:
1. If the word begins with the letters l, r, w, y, m, n, ng, ny no prenasalisation occurs:
Lari → pelari
Renang → perenang
Wawancara → pewawancara
Yoga → peyoga
Makan → pemakan
Nikmat → penikmat
Ngamen → pengamen
Nyanyi → penyanyi
2. Initial b, f, p & v becomes pem-
Buka → pembuka
Fitnah → pemfitnah
3. Initial a, e, i, o, u, g, h & k becomes peng- Ambil → pengambil
Elak → pengelak
Injak → penginjak
Olah → pengolah
Urut → pengurut
Ganggu → pengganggu
Hibur → penghibur
Kirim → pengirim (k is dropped)
4. Initial c, d, j, t→ becomes pen-
Cetak → pencetak
Dorong → pendorong
Jahat → penjahat
Tarik → penarik (t is dropped)
5. Initial s becomes
peny-Sita → penyita (s is dropped)
Pe-
Nouns & B
er-
Verbs
In the preceding lessons we have learned a fairly large number of verbs. The prefixpe- can be added to a small group ofber- verbs we have learned so far. Theseber- verbs refer to work that is regularly performed or, in some cases, done for a living. The derivedpe-nouns then indicate the person who carries out the profession:
belajar to study pelajar learner, student
bekerja to work pekerja worker
berenang to swim perenang (professional) swimmer
bertenis to play tennis petenis (professional) tennis player
berdagang to trade pedagang trader
bertinju to box petinju boxer
berwawancara to interview pewawancara interviewer
bertanding to contest petanding contestant
berjudi to gamble pejudi gambler
A much larger group ofber- verbs that we have learned so far have the general meaning “to have, own [base]”. These include:
berasal to have one’s origin
berguna useful
berumur to be of such and such age
berlibur to have holidays
bermasalah to be difficult, problematic
berangin windy (lit. ‘having wind’)
berawan cloudy
bersejarah historical (lit. ‘having history’)
None of these ber- verbs can derive a corresponding pe- noun.
Pe
N-
nouns and Me
N-
verbs
The prefixpeN-can be attached to a large group of transitivemeN- verbs that we have learned so far (intransitive verbs, such as masuk, meninggal, tidur, tinggal, tahu, menikah, andmeletus, cannot usually derivepeN- nouns). Note that you are not expected to memorise the following items. They are for your reference only!
mengenalkan pengenal identification (card)
minum peminum drunkard
suka penyuka a fan of, a lover of
membantu pembantu servant
mencari pencari seeker, finder
menolong penolong helper
memanggil pemanggil summoner
meminta peminta petitioner
melakukan pelaku actor, doer, performer
membaca pembaca reader
membersihkan pembersih cleaner
mencuci pencuci washer
mendengarkan pendengar audience, listener
menonton penonton audience, viewer, spectator
menulis penulis writer
mengirimkan pengirim sender
menyapu penyapu sweeper, wiper
mengambil pengambil taker
menggosok penggosok polisher
memberikan pemberi giver
membuat pembuat maker
menyanyi penyanyi singer
menjual penjual seller
mengajar pengajar teacher
membayar pembayar payer
mencium pencium kisser
memilih pemilih voter
membawa pembawa bringer, messenger
memimpin pemimpin leader
mengucapkan pengucap speaker
menangkap penangkap catcher
merusak perusak destroyer
membunuh pembunuh murderer
merompak perompak pirate
memukul pemukul hammer, club
menerima penerima receiver
menghitung penghitung counter, numerator mengatur pengatur regulator, controller
menyimpan penyimpan keeper
menutup penutup cover, lid
mengantar pengantar escort, courier
menanam penanam cultivator, investor
mengubah pengubah transformer
memotong pemotong cutter
melukis pelukis painter
mengurus pengurus administrator
membangun pembangun founder, constructor, builder
melatih pelatih trainer, coach
merokok perokok smoker
melamar pelamar applicant
memasang pemasang installer, fitter
mengendarai pengendara driver
membandingkan pembanding weigher, comparer
melayani pelayan servant
menjawab penjawab respondent, answerer
mengaduk pengaduk shaker, stirrer
merebus perebus boiler
mengoleskan pengoles pastry brush
menyajikan penyaji server, presenter
memakai pemakai user
Dulu & Sementara
In Lesson 43 we have encountereddulu in the meaning ‘in former times, a long time ago’. From earlier lessons, we know already thatdulu also has the meaning ‘first’ (before anything else), e.g.
Saya mau makan dulu. I want to eat first.
Dulu in this sentence does not mean that I eat before someone else, but it simply means that I do it before I do anything else!
Dulu is often paired withsementara ‘while’ (at the same time) in sentences where you say: I do this, while you do something else.
Kamu makan dulu sementara saya mencuci pakaian. You go ahead and eat, while I do the laundry.
Colloquialisms
Colloquial Indonesian is spiced with a large number of exclamations and particles such as wah, lho, toh, andkok. Especiallylho andkok, which both express surprise, are very frequently used. As short as they are, these two words are linguistically very complex, and can have a vari -ety of different meanings. A more ‘uncomplicated’ word is the colloquialism sip ‘cool’.
So Cool
Indonesian must be a pretty cool language, or Indonesians are pretty cool people. How else can it be explained that Indonesian has so many different words to express that something or someone is ‘cool’.?
If someone or something is fashionably cool, it’s keren.
Keren sekali Ferrari itu. What a cool car that Ferrari is.
Perempuan merokok dianggap keren. Smoking women are perceived as cool.
Someone or something is hebat because of physical excellence: Hebat! Tokonya menjual seribu komputer setiap hari. Cool! His shop sells one thousand computers every day. Someone or something is asyik because it creates excitement:
Asyik. Bulan depan saya ke Bali. Cool. Next month I am going to Bali.
The fourth word that means‘cool’ issip.Sip is used in situations where you are in agreement. Sip is mainly used as a single utterance expressing agreement and appreciation: “okay, wow, cool, fine, great, no problem with me, I totally agree, let’s do it.”
Bagaimana kalau besok kita makan di Genki Sushi?
Sip is closely related to keren and hebat:
Sip! Sepeda motor pakai “airbag”. Coolest thing. A motor bike with airbag.
The following is taken from news reports about Honda motorbikes equipped with airbags:
Hebat. Semua motor Honda bakal dilengkapi “airbag” Cool. All Honda motorbikes will be equipped with airbags. Keren, Honda CB 750 pakai “airbag” .
Cool. A Honda CB 750 with airbag.
Don’t expect asyik here, as airbags, as cool as they may be, rarely excite people.
Agar & Supaya
Agar and supaya (which you will encounter in Lesson 103) are synonyms and as such 100% in -terchangeable. They introduce a clause of purpose “that, so that, in order that”.Agar/supaya clauses usually have a subject:
Dia ingin supaya kita menolong dia. He wants that we help him.
When the subject of theagar/supaya clause is identical with the subject of the main clause, it is almost always elipted:
Dia membaca banyak buku agar cepat pintar.
She reads a lot of book so that she becomes quickly smart.
When Pak Bei tells Bu Bei that he’s going to have a shower while his wife dresses up, Bu Bei repliesJangan lama-lama agar nggak telat.This sentence consists of two parts: The main clausejangan lama-lama (“not long”) and the subordinate clauseagar nggak telat (“so that not late”). Auspiciously, none of the clauses contains a subject. As we have seen above, when the subject of theagar/supaya clause is identical with the subject of the main clause, it is almost al-ways elipted. But here, even the main clause does not contain a subject.
This is clearly no oversight, but done purposely. In Indonesia, it is very common that the sub-ject is implied rather than explicitly mentioned. The implied subsub-ject ofjangan lama-lama(don’t take long) may be either “you” or “we”. By omitting the subject, the statement becomes more general and is hence less likely to be interpreted as an attempt to criticise, warn, or even offend the other. The subject is also elipted in the subordinate agar-clause, but here we can assume that it is “we” rather than “you”. The translation of Jangan lama-lama agar nggak telat remains open. It could be interpreted as “You’d better hurry up so that you won’t be late” but it could also mean “Let’s hurry up so that we won’t be late.”
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
dasi almost nggak shoes
harus necktie pakai including
hampir how come? why? rasa all
kok indeed segala to arrive
mandi have to, must sepatu to feel, think
memang don’t termasuk to use, wear
Latihan 2—Pemahaman
Dengarkanlah Rekaman 089-02. Kemudian, jawablah pertanyaan sesuai dengan rekaman untuk nomor 1-8. Untuk nomor 9, isilah dengan jawaban yang tepat (there is a lacuna of 10 seconds between each question).
1. What does Pak Bei do before going to the event? A. He brushes his teeth
B. He changes clothes C. He takes a shower
2. What is the word Bu Bei uses for “late”? ...
3. Why is Pak Bei wearing a tie?
A. Because he is going to meet his superior B. Because he is going to his office
C. Because he has to attend an official event
4. What colloquialism uses Bu Bei to express her surprise? ...
5. What piece of clothe is Pak Bei wearing that surprises Bu Bei? A. kopiah
B. suit jacket C. shirt D. necktie
6. Why is Pak Bei wearing formal attire? A. Because he has to greet his superior B. Because he acts as the MC
C. Because he has to speak in front of a large audience
7. Pak Bei mentions several items he brought or wore. One of the following items is NOT mentioned. Which one is it?
A. registration paper (STNK) B. neck tie (dasi)
C. driving licence (SIM) D. socks (kaos kaki) E. helmet (helem) F. suit jacket (jas) G. shoes (sepatu)
8. Ibu Bei says: “We’re almost there. Try to remember. Who knows we may have forgotten something.”
Hampir sampai, diingat-ingat. ________ tahu ada yang kelupaan.
9. (Indeed)! Rasanya masih ada yang kurang. Apa ya, Bu?
Latihan 3—Isian
Dengarkanlah Rekaman 089-01. Lengkapi teks di bawah sesuai dengan rekaman tersebut. Gunakan kata-kata berikut: dasi—harus—jangan—jas—kok—memang— pembicara—sampai—sementara—sepatu—sip
Pak Bei Bu Bei
Aku mandi dulu _________ kau siap-siap, Bu. Ya, _________ lama-lama agar nggak telat. Lho, pakai _________ toh?
Iya! Resmi _________! Wah! Pakai _________ segala?
_________. Aku ini kan termasuk _________
nanti.
SIM sudah. STNK sudah. Helm sudah. _________. Dasi sudah. Jas sudah. _________ juga
sudah.
Hampir _________. Diingat-ingat, siapa tahu
ada yang kelupaan.
_________. Rasanya kok ada yang masih kurang. Apa, ya, Bu?
Latihan 4
—The Prefix
PeN-Add the peN- prefix to the following root words. The pronunciation of pengganggu should be easy. The ng sound is followed by a clearly audible g: ngg. This is NOT the case with pengurut which is pronounced peng-urut and not peng-gurut! The same is true for pengirim, pengambil, pengelak, penginjak, and pengolah!
makan pemakan sita
kirim buka
hibur pukul
ganggu fitnah
urut tarik
ambil jahat
elak cetak
injak dorong
Latihan 5—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang benar sesuai dengan arti: 1. “Cool! He writes four books in a year.”
Hebat!—empat—dalam—Ia—menulis—buku—setahun.
2. “While I cook, you prepare the plates.”
Sementara—menyiapkan—kamu—saya—memasak,—piring-piring.
3. “I want to eat first before I go to the library”.
Saya—lalu—pergi—ke—dulu—makan—mau—perpustakaan.
4. “Wow, it’s already afternoon apparently.” Wah,—sudah—ternyata—sore!
Latihan 6—Pilihan Ganda
Choose the correct pe- or peN- prefix. 1. Film Harry Potter menarik banyak sekali ...
A. petonton B. pemonton C. penonton
2. Siapa ... buku dan baju ini? Saya suka sekali! A. pekirim
B. pemirim C. pengirim
3. Michael Phelps seorang ... yang cepat sekali. A. perenang
B. penenang C. pemenang
4. Siapa yang tidak tahu Lady Gaga? Dia ... yang sangat terkenal. A. pemenyayi
B. penyanyi C. pengnyanyi
5. Siapa yang akan menjadi ... besok? A. pebicara
B. penbicara C. pembicara
6. Apakah Anda punya ... di rumah? A. pemantu
7. Saya butuh ... untuk membuka kotak ini. A. penotong
B. pemotong C. pempotong
8. Dia tidak pernah makan sayuran. Dia betul-betul ... daging! A. pepakan
B. penakan C. pemakan
Latihan 7—Pilihan Ganda : Hebat, Asyik, dan Keren
Choose between the three words that all mean “cool”: asyik (exciting), hebat (spectacular), and keren (fashionable).
1. _______! Uang Apple lebih banyak dari pemerintah Amerika Serikat.
2. Foto yang dia ambil ________ sekali! Saya suka!
3. Dia bisa membangun rumah dalam sehari. ______ sekali!
4. Pesta ini tidak _______ tanpa kamu!
5. Dia merasa _______ sekali karena ayahnya seorang dokter.
6. Saya tidak yakin saya mau datang ke acara itu. Tahun lalu nggak _______!
7. Baju Jennifer Lopez sangat _______. Siapa yang membuatnya?
8. Dia sedang _______ belajar matematika.
9. _______! Besok saya akan menonton film bersama teman-teman saya.
Latihan 8—Teka Teki Silang (TTS)
Mendatar: 1. helmet
5. you know, of course 7. too late
10. while 11. lacking 12. so that
15. it seems to me 16. driver’s licence 17. to remember
Menurun:
2. exclamation to express something unexpected
3. all and everything, the whole shabang 4. motor vehicle
registration certificate 6. a colloquial derived
from bukan 8. forgotten 9. suit jacket 13. formal
Pakaian Adat & Islam
Aims
• To introduce the main terms for items of clothing
• To practise some of the sentences that can be used in shopping for clothes.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the fre-quent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous lessons. Make sure that you re-member their meanings.
adat custom lengan sleeve
berwarna having a certain color menarik attractive
buatan made in melihat to look at
cantik pretty, lovely panjang long
indah beautiful rok skirt
jas suit jacket sederhana simple
kepala head sepatu shoes
keren cool, nice
Pakaian Adat
In addition to knowing the words for “western” style garments you also need to know the words for the basic items of indigenous Indonesian dress. Indigenous dress (in Indonesian often calledpakaian adat, especially when it is being worn in a formal or ceremonial context) is still the normal style of everyday dress in many parts of the country. This is especially the case in remote areas, in the countryside, and among women and older people.Pakaian adat varies a lot from
gion to region, but there are some terms that are used pretty generally right across the country (although the precise style of the garment referred to will vary).
Study this picture and memorise the terms. The termsarung is usually used for the skirt-like garment that is sewn down its length into cylindrical form.Kain is used for a length of cloth that is not sewn into a cyl-inder, but wrapped around the body and tucked or tied in place.Kain andsarung can be worn by men and women, though most often it is men who wear asarung and women who wear a kain.
Role Play—A Fashion Parade
If you had the job of providing a commentary at a fashion parade you might say something like the narrat-ive provided inSound File 090-01.
Listen to the sound filewithout looking at the pictures of the models. Imagine in your mind’s eye what each of the models looks like. Take some colour pencils and draw a picture of all four models. Only then should you proceed reading the following
tran-scription of the sound file. Compare the
written text with your drawings. Are they still accurate, or do you need to make changes?
Peragaan Busana
elamat malam Bapak-Bapak dan Ibu-Ibu. Selamat datang di acara Peragaan Busana ini.
Hari ini kami mengajak Anda melihat pakaian dari Barat dan dari Indonesia. Mari kita
mulai.
S
Susan memakai blus indah berwarna kuning dengan lengan pendek. Dia juga memakai rok
yang menarik sekali. Sepatunya sederhana.
Sarah kelihatan cantik sekali. Ia memakai celana panjang keren yang berwarna cokelat. Ia
juga memakai blus berwarna hijau dengan lengan agak panjang.
Nursyamsu memakai pakaian Islam yang indah. Ia memakai celana panjang dan kebaya
dengan lengan panjang. Nursyamsu juga memakai jilbab berwarna ungu.
Widyastuti memakai pakaian Jawa yang indah. Ia memakai kebaya tradisional dengan
le-ngan panjang. Ia juga memakai kain batik panjang berwarna cokelat. Sepatunya sepatu
ba-gus buatan Italia.
Susan Nursyamsu Widyastuti Sarah
After you have read through these examples of commentary at a fashion parade cover up the pictures and read the Indonesian aloud, imagining in your mind’s eye what each of the models looks like.
Then cover the Indonesian text. Looking in turn at each picture give a brief commentary on them in Indonesian using your recollection of the models above, but adding a correct sentence or two of your own.
Mari Kita Bermain
Using simple descriptions like the one’s above, put on a “fashion parade” in your classroom, or with your tutor or some Indonesian-speaking friends. Members of the class (male as well as fe-male) should parade in turn in front of the class while other members of the class provide a com-mentary in Indonesian on their clothes. Make your comments enthusiastically admiring. If the “model” is wearing glasses or a watch, or carrying a bag, don’t forget to comment on these as well.
The important thing is to instantly and accurately produce the Indonesian terms for items of apparel and to make some comments about them.
These comments can be about the cut or size of the garment, for examplebesar,kecil, pan-jang, pendek.
You can also make comments about the appearance of the garments and the person wearing them with adjectives like indah, keren, bagus, cantik, ganteng and menarik.
Using the wordbuatan (made in, made by, product of) mention where the items of apparel are made, or by whom they are made, for examplebuatan Italia, buatan Cina, buatan Pekalongan, bu-atan Armani, bubu-atan Danar Hadi and so on.
Remember, it doesn’t matter if the “fashions” are everyday attire and it doesn’t matter if there is a certain amount of repetition as different people parade the same kinds of clothes. Keep the atmosphere relaxed and humorous and make only positive comments about the clothes on show.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
berwarna beautiful sepatu a blouse
rok tradition, customs sarung hijab
cantik simple ikat kepala shoes
indah fashionable, cool blus a piece of cloth
keren of ... colour kain a head cloth
menarik cheap, inexpensive buatan suit jacket
melihat skirt jas a traditional blouse
murah to look at jilbab sleeve
adat interesting kebaya made in
sederhana pretty, lovely lengan a cloth with ends
sewn together
Latihan 2—Menjodohkan: Pertanyaan dan Jawaban
Listen to Sound File 090-02. You will hear five questions. For each of the five questions, an answer is provided in the right column of the following table. Write the order of the answers as they appear in the sound file into the left column.
a. Tidak, dia lebih suka yang pendek.
b. Tidak selalu. Biasanya dia memakainya pada siang hari.
c. Ya, ia memakai jilbab.
d. Ia memakai kebaya biru dan celana panjang hitam.
Latihan 3—Pemahaman
Bacalah sekali lagi teks “Peragaan Busana” di atas dan jawab pertanyaan berikut:
1. Hanya ada pakaian tradisional Indonesia di acara peragaan busana malam itu. A. Benar
B. Salah
2. Rok yang dipakai Susan kurang bagus. A. Benar
B. Salah
3. Sepatu Susan sangat mewah. A. Benar
B. Salah
4. Celana panjang Sarah bagus sekali. A. Benar
B. Salah
5. Lengan baju Sarah terlalu pendek. A. Benar
B. Salah
6. Nursyamsu memakai celana pendek dan baju lengan pendek. A. Benar
B. Salah
7. Widyastuti memakai pakaian barat. A. Benar
B. Salah
8. Beberapa orang memakai pakaian barat di peragaan busana itu. A. Benar
B. Salah
Latihan 4—Isian
Lengkapi teks berikut dengan memilih kata yang tepat: batik—blus—buatan—jilbab—kebaya —keren—lengan—pakaian—rok—sederhana—tradisional
Susan memakai ___________ indah berwarna kuning dengan lengan pendek. Dia juga
memakai ___________ yang menarik sekali. Sepatunya ___________.
Sarah kelihatan cantik sekali. Ia memakai celana panjang ___________ yang berwarna
Nursyamsu memakai ___________ Islam yang indah. Ia memakai celana panjang dan
___________ dengan lengan panjang. Nursyamsu juga memakai ___________ berwarna
ungu.
Widyastuti memakai pakaian ___________ Jawa yang indah. Ia memakai kebaya
___________ dengan lengan panjang. Ia juga memakai kain ___________ panjang
berwar-na cokelat. Sepatunya sepatu bagus ___________ Italia.
Latihan 5—Pemahaman
Pilihlah jawaban yang benar setelah membaca percakapan Pak Ali dan Ibu Susanti.
Wah, wah, wah! Pak Ali ganteng sekali hari ini. Pakai jas, pakai sarung, dan dasi. Mau ke mana, Pak?
1. Berapa orang yang akan pergi de-ngan Pak Ali ke pesta perkawinan?
A. satu B. dua
C. tiga D. empat
2. Ibu Ali selalu memakai jilbab. A. Benar
B. Salah
3. Tini lebih suka pakai pakaian mo-dern daripada pakaian tradisional. A. Benar
B. Salah
4. Tini kadang-kadang memakai sepa-tu buatan luar negeri.
A. Benar B. Salah
5. Pakaian apa yang biasanya dipakai oleh Ibu Ali?
A. Kebaya dan celana panjang B. Kebaya, kain dan jilbab
C. Kebaya dan kain
D. Blus dan celana panjang
E. Blus, celana panjang dan jilbab.
6. Apakah biasanya Pak Ali memakai jas, sarung, dan ikat kepala?
A. Iya, dia biasa pakai jas, sarung, dan ikat kepala.
B. Tidak, dia tidak biasa pakai jas, sarung, dan ikat kepala.
Ah, biasa saja. Saya mau pergi ke upacara perkawinan dengan istri dan anak saya, Tini.
O ya, apa Ibu Ali juga akan pakai kebaya dan kain seperti biasanya?
Iya. Tetapi hari ini dia juga akan memakai jil-bab.
Wah pasti cantik sekali. Bagaimana dengan Tini?
Tini agak tidak suka memakai pakaian tradi-sional. Dia lebih suka pakaian modern. Jadi nanti dia pakai blus dan celana panjang.
Apakah dia suka yang buatan luar negeri?
Ah tidak juga. Dia suka pakaian modern bu-atan dalam dan luar negeri. Tapi sepatunya harus yang buatan dalam negeri. Dia suka sepatu buatan dalam negeri.
O begitu.
Iya. Mari, Bu. Saya permisi dulu.
Latihan 6—Rangkai Kata
Urutkan kata-kata di bawah ini menjadi kalimat yang baik sesuai arti di bawah ini:
1. “Widyastuti is wearing a beautiful Javanese traditional cloth.” Widyastuti—Jawa—yang—pakaian—memakai—indah.
2. “Sarah is wearing the cool black pants.”
Sarah—berwarna—celana—yang—memakai—keren—panjang—hitam.
3. “Susan is wearing a very nice skirt.”
Susan—menarik—memakai—yang—rok—sekali.
4. “Her shoes are nice because they are made in Italy.” Sepatunya—bagus—di—dibuat—karena—Italia.
5. “Nursyamsu is wearing a beautiful Islamic cloth.”
Nursyamsu—yang—memakai—Islam—pakaian—indah.
Latihan 7—Terjemahan
1. Tomo is wearing a pair of red trousers that are very cheap.
...
2. Dewi wears sandals, a long sleeved blouse, and a hat.
...
3. Sarah’s clothes are simple: She wears shoes made in Italy, shorts made in Japan, and a white shirt.
...
4. Ibu Rosa goes to the marriage ceremony with her husband and her daughter.
Berbelanja di Toko Pakaian
Aims
• To provide more model sentences and dialogues that will help you to go shopping for clothes.
• To practise the use of ada yang (some).
• To practise talking about prices and sizes and review the use of big numbers.
• To practise shopping again.
Vocabulary Review
Here are some of the frequent words used in this lesson that have appeared in previous les-sons. Make sure that you remember their meanings.
agak rather mencoba to try
bersih clean mengambil to take
bertanya to ask question miskin poor jendela window mula-mula at first kalau begitu if so ongkos fare
jas suit jacket pakaian adat traditional clothes kain a piece of cloth paling suka like best
kaya rich pembangunan development
lulus pass an exam sesuai appropriate, fitting
lumayan not bad tamu guest
maju progressive tertarik pada interested in mencari to look for ukuran size
Making Nouns with Yang
Yang can have a nominalising function. What this means is thatyang can be used to turn an adjective or a verb into a noun. It can also be used with “pointer words” (deictics) likeitu,di sana
etc., to make it clearer what you are “pointing” at. In this guise, yang works like the English phrase “The ____ one” or “the ____ ones”. A few examples will make this clearer.
Berbelanja di Pasar © Monika Suryadi
bersih clean yang bersih a/the clean one Saya minta yang bersih Give me the clean one
merah red
yang merah a/the red one
Saya ingin membeli yang merah. I want to buy a/the red one.
datang to come yang datang
the one(s) who came
Yang datang hanya lima orang. Only five people came
itu that yang itu that one
Saya mau yang itu. Give me that one.
di sana
there, over there yang di sana the one over there
Saya paling suka yang di sana. I like the one over there the best.
di belakang at the back yang di belakang the one at the back
Kelihatannya, yang di belakang lebih besar. The one at the back looks bigger.
Exercise 91-01
Listen to theSound File 091-01 about shopping for shirts. When you have finished, do Latihan 2 to test your understanding of this dialogue. After that, translate this short passage into good, idiomatic English.
Mencari Kemeja
lora mencari kemeja di Toko Laris. Mula-mula dia ingin membeli yang biru. Tetapi
se-sudah ia berpikir agak lama, akhirnya dia memilih yang kuning. Yang kuning itu
sebe-tulnya kurang besar, tetapi yang lebih besar tidak ada yang bagus. Flora juga ingin mencoba
yang di belakang, tetapi yang menjual mengatakan, yang di muka lebih baik daripada yang
di belakang.
F
“Bagaimana yang di sana?” tanya Flora.
“Yang mana?” jawab yang menjual.
“Yang di samping yang hitam.”
“O, yang itu. Saya kira yang itu kurang baik. Yang ini lebih baik.”
“Yang batik itu berapa?”
“Yang batik itu tiga puluh ribu rupiah. Mau mengambil yang mana?”
“Saya minta yang buatan Yogyakarta.”
“Yang paling baik itu yang buatan Solo.”
Making Polite Requests in a Shop
Look at the following substitution tables and practise generating questions and answers from them, if possible with a partner.
pagi Tuan. Cari apa?
Selamat sian Bu. ---sore Pak. Bisa saya bantu? malam Nyonya.
payung sepatu kemeja
Saya mencari pakaian dalam topi yang lebar jam tangan dasi batik
payung sepatu kemeja
(Boleh saya bertanya?) Apakah ada pakaian dalam ? topi yang lebar
jam tangan dasi batik
Ada.
Maaf, tidak ada.
mencoba baju ini melihat yang di sana
Boleh saya menukar rok ini ? mengukur celana panjang itu
Boleh.
Silakan.
Maaf, tidak boleh.
murah
melihat panjang
Boleh saya mencoba yang lebih besar ? menarik
sederhana
Boleh.
Silakan.
Maaf, tidak ada.
bagus ringan bersih
Apakah ada yang lebih hitam ? besar
murah panjang
Ada.
Maaf, tidak ada.
coklat hitam merah
Apakah ada yang warnanya kuning ? hijau
Ada
Maaf, tidak ada.
Berapa harganya ?
---yang biru
kemeja itu
Berapa harga dasi batik itu ? rok yang dari Italia itu
yang di sana
dua ratus Tuan.
Hanya lima ribu Rupiah, Bu.
tujuh juta Pak.
se- Nyonya.
dari Italia. di sana. itu. Saya minta [___the name of a garment___] yang di situ.
hitam. murah. agak besar.
Tuan.
Baik Nyonya.
Pak.
Bu.
A Conversation in a Shop
Penjual (Nurida) Pembeli (Tati)
Selamat sore, Bu. Bisa saya bantu? Ya. Saya mencari celana jeans. Ada?
Ada. Ibu mau yang biru atau yang abu-abu?
Saya suka yang biru. Ada?
Ada, Bu. Ada bermacam-macam model. Ibu suka yang bagaimana?
Saya suka yang tidak terlalu kecil.
Yang di sana barangkali yang cocok untuk Ibu.
O ya. Memang bagus. Tetapi yang di dekat jendela juga lumayan.
Ibu mau melihat yang itu? Ya, tolong. Saya kira yang itu lebih bagus.
Tetapi yang tadi lebih murah. O begitu? Ini berapa?
Hanya dua puluh lima ribu, Bu. Murah! O ya. Kalau begitu, saya minta yang ini saja.
When you have finished listening to the dialogue and reading the transcription, check your un -derstanding by doing Latihan 4 and 5.
Memorisation Exercise
Do the optional “A Conversation in a Shop” exercise below to further enhance your vocabulary memorisation.
Cover the second, third and fourth columns in the grid below. Read the dialogue in the left
hand (first) column. Read it out loud several times until the words come smoothly off your tongue. Try to remember as much of the dialogue as you can. The same dialogue also appears in each of the columns to the right, but in each column a different selection of words has been erased and
replaced with blank spaces. Cover the first, third and fourth columns and expose the second column. Say the dialogue out loud filling in the blanks from memory as you speak. If you forget
what word should go in a blank space, glance back at the left hand column. When you feel you have mastered the dialogue as it appears in the second column, cover it up, expose the third column, and read the dialogue again, inserting the appropriate words in the new set of blank spaces. Do the same in the fourth column.
By the time you have finished reading the four versions of the dialogue, you should pretty
Selamat sore, Bu. Bisa saya bantu?
Selamat _____, Bu. Bisa saya bantu?
_____ sore, Bu. Bisa saya bantu?
Selamat sore, Bu. Bisa saya _____?
Ya. Saya mencari celana jeans. Ada?
Ya. Saya mencari celana _____. Ada?
Ya. Saya _____ celana jeans. Ada?
Ya. Saya mencari _____ jeans. Ada?
Ada. Ibu mau yang biru atau yang abu-abu?
Ada. Ibu mau yang biru atau yang _____?
Ada. Ibu _____ yang biru atau yang abu-abu?
_____. Ibu mau yang biru atau yang abu-abu?
Saya suka yang biru. Ada? Saya suka yang _____. Ada?
_____ suka yang biru. Ada? Saya _____ yang biru. Ada?
Ada, Bu. Ada bermacam-macam model. Ibu suka yang bagaimana?
Ada, Bu. Ada ber-___-___ model. Ibu suka yang bagaimana?
Ada, Bu. Ada bermacam-macam model. Ibu _____ yang bagaimana?
Ada, Bu. Ada bermacam-macam model. Ibu suka yang _____?
Saya suka yang tidak terlalu kecil.
Saya suka yang tidak terlalu _____.
_____ suka yang tidak terlalu kecil.
Saya _____ yang tidak terlalu kecil.
Yang di sana barangkali yang cocok untuk Ibu.
Yang di sana barangkali yang cocok untuk _____.
Yang di sana barangkali yang _____ untuk Ibu.
Yang di sana _____ yang cocok untuk Ibu.
O ya. Memang bagus. Tetapi yang di dekat jendela juga lumayan.
O ya. Memang bagus. Tetapi yang di dekat _____ juga lumayan.
O ya. Memang bagus. _____ yang di dekat jendela juga lumayan.
O ya. Memang bagus. Tetapi yang di dekat jendela juga _____.
Ibu mau melihat yang itu?
Ibu _____ melihat yang itu?
Ibu mau melihat _____ itu?
Ibu mau _____ yang itu?
Ya, tolong. Saya kira yang itu lebih bagus.
Ya, tolong. Saya kira yang _____ lebih bagus.
Ya, tolong. Saya kira yang itu lebih _____.
Ya, _____. Saya kira yang itu lebih bagus.
Tetapi yang tadi lebih murah.
Tetapi yang tadi lebih _____.
Tetapi yang tadi _____ murah.
Tetapi yang _____ lebih murah.
O begitu? Ini berapa? O _____? Ini berapa? O begitu? _____ berapa? O begitu? Ini _____?
Hanya dua puluh lima ribu, Bu. Murah!
Hanya dua puluh lima _____, Bu. Murah!
Hanya dua _____ lima ribu, Bu. Murah!
_____ dua puluh lima ribu, Bu. Murah!
O ya. Kalau begitu, saya minta yang ini saja.
O ya. Kalau _____, saya minta yang ini saja.
O ya. Kalau begitu, _____ minta yang ini saja.
O ya. Kalau begitu, saya _____ yang ini saja.
Exercise 91-02
You have just arrived in Indonesia. Unfortunately your suitcase didn’t arrive with you. It got mislaid by the airline and is now in Hokitika, New Zealand. It will take some time to get it back.
You head for the nearest outfitter to buy the minimum wardrobe you will need to keep going until
your suitcase arrives. Write out the dialogue that takes place between yourself and the karyawan toko as you make the necessary purchases. You should base most of what you write on the vocabulary, substitution tables and model conversations in this lesson and the previous one. Don’t forget to add some smalltalk between yourself and the karyawan toko, and make sure the
dialogue reflects your personal taste in clothes. The dialogue should begin something like this.
Selamat sore.
Selamat sore, Bu. Cari apa?
Saya mencari pakaian baru yang murah.
Exercise 91-03
It’s time to get rid of your old wardrobe. “Bye-bye old shirt, old tie, old socks, old pants, old blouse…” says the advertisement (to the left). For once in your life you are going to be an unashamed consumer. You are going to binge on clothes.And you can get 20% off the regular price (diskon dua puluh persen). Check out what’s on offer. You will recognise many of the terms in the ad (look up unfamiliar words in
a good dictionary). Then fill out the following
sales dockets.
Fill out the sales dockets (called
nota
or
nota penjualan
in Indonesian) below with
items mentioned in the advertisement on
the previous page. Make sure every line in
the
Nama Barang
or
Jenis Barang
column
Role Play: Shopping for Clothes / Berbelanja di Toko Pakaian
Lesson 85 gives you a host of resources that you can use to practise the language of shop-ping. Review all of them very carefully. Go to some fashion magazines or sewing magazines and cut out pictures of men’s and women’s garments. Avoid choosing garments that are too special-ised or whose Indonesian names may be unfamiliar to you. If you can, include pictures of tradi-tional Indonesian garments and Islamic-style clothes.
Lay the pictures out on tables and stick/hang them on the walls around you. Make photocopies of the nota penjualan from the downloadable student handout above. Enlarge it if necessary.
With your teacher/tutor or with classmates role play a visit to a fashion shop. If you are the customer (tamu,pelanggan) make sure you do a lot of pointing and gesturing. Take plenty of time to ask about the range on sale and to make up your mind. If you are the shop assistant (karyawan toko) don’t forget to make small talk and you might consider offering the customer a drink. Give the customer plenty of feedback on how the garment will look on him/her.
When you leave a shop in Indonesia, whether you have made a purchase or whether you have simply been “looking” (melihat-lihat), it is impolite to simply turn on your heel and walk out. You should say thank you to thekaryawan toko, then politely ask permission to leave. The dialogue might run something like this:
Tamu: Saya kira sudah cukup. Terima kasih Pak/Bu. Permisi. Karyawan: Terima kasih kembali. Sampai jumpa.
Some do, some don’t (some are, some aren’t)
The phraseada yang... is very frequent and very useful. Basically it means “some” meaning some, but not all, members of a class of people or things. Often it is used in order to contrast two sub-groups within a certain class. In this guise it can be used to render the common English couplet “some (do/are etc.), but others (don’t/aren’t etc.)”.
Supposing we ask the question “What kind of students study Indonesian?” We might get the answer “Some are young, some are old; some come from the country, others come from the city; some are disciplined and hardworking students, but some aren’t; some are studying Indonesian in order to go into business in Indonesia, others are studying the subject just out of interest.”
Let’s put this into Indonesian to see how you express the idea of “some” here.
Mahasiswa macam apa yang belajar bahasa Indonesia?
da yang muda, ada yang sudah tua; ada yang dari desa, ada yang dari kota; ada yang rajin
belajar, tetapi ada juga yang tidak; ada yang mengambil mata kuliah bahasa Indonesia
ka-rena ingin membuka usaha di Indonesia, ada juga yang belajar bahasa Indonesia kaka-rena
terta-rik saja.
A
The phraseada yang can be attached directly to the term for the class of people or things it is referring to. You will notice thatada yang usually follows the noun (or noun phrase) it refers to. For example:
Negara-negara di Asia ada yang sedang maju dengan cepat, ada yang tidak. Some countries in Asia are going forward quickly, others are not.
Kaus kami ada yang merah, ada yang putih, dan ada juga yang hijau. Some of our tee-shirts are red, some white and some green. Pakaian dalam ini ada yang perlu dicuci!
Some of this underwear needs to be washed! Apakah baju ini ada yang perlu dibungkus?
Do any of these garments need to be wrapped?
If ada yang means “some”, predictably tidak ada yang means “none”.
Aduh! Mahasiswa Tingkat Satu tidak ada yang lulus. Ouch! None of the students in Stage One passed. Rok ini tidak ada yang pas.
None of these dresses fits me. Tidak ada kain yang sesuai untuk jas. There is no suitable fabric for a jacket.
Tas kami tidak ada yang buatan Italia, tetapi ada yang buatan Prancis. None of our bags are made in Italy, but some are made in France. Maaf, jas-jas ini semuanya pas, tetapi tidak ada yang warnanya cocok. Sorry, these jackets all fit, but none of them are the right colour.
In some circumstances ada yang and tidak ada yang can be “split” with the two parts of phrase
flanking the noun (or noun phrase) to which they refer.
Saya sudah mencari ke mana-mana, tetapi tidak ada toko di Poso yang menjual dasi.
I’ve looked everywhere, but no shops in Poso stock ties.
Tamu-tamu yang berkunjung ke Jakarta ada yang berpendapat Monumen Nasional itu cukup membosankan.
Some guests who visit Jakarta think the National Monument is pretty boring.
Exercise 91-04
Complete each of these sentences. The first word or words of the sentence are given. Your
contribution should begin withada yang ortidak ada yang. It should be grammatically correct,
factually accurate and expressed logically. Study the model first.
Cue: Universitas-universitas di Australia...
You add (for example): …ada yang mengajar bahasa Indonesia, tetapi ada juga yang tidak.
Cue: Rumah-rumah di Los Angeles…
You add (for example): …tidak ada yang murah. 1. Pakaian yang dijual di toko Harrods...
2. Baju-baju ini ...
5. Buku-buku tentang sejarah Jakarta... 6. Pusat belanja di Sydney...
7. Rumah-rumah di daerah Jakarta Selatan... 8. Negara-negara di Asia Tenggara...
9. Pulau-pulau di Indonesia...
10. Program-program pembangunan di Indonesia...
Prices
In previous lessons you had some practice talking about the prices of things. Let us review this
briefly.
Prices in Indonesia are usually expressed in hundreds (ratus), thousands (ribu), and for expens-ive items, in millions (juta) of rupiah. The abbreviation for rupiah (parallel in function to our dollar sign $) is Rp.
Don’t forget, when you write large numbers in figures in Indonesia, a dot (not a comma) is used
to indicate the boundary between the thousands and the hundreds. So, for example, the number
“one thousand seven hundred and fifty” if written in figures, looks like this:1.750. The price “three thousand six hundred rupiah” looks like this Rp 3.600.
Dollars and cents are expressed with the termsdolar andsen. Thus “twenty-seven dollars thirty cents” would be pronounceddua puluh tujuh dolar, tiga puluh sen and would be written $27,30. Notice that acomma is used in the price. Like virtually all countries outside the UK and its former colonies, Indonesians use a comma (not a dot) to indicate a decimal point and the
boundary between dollars and cents when prices are written as figures.
Two terms are commonly used when you ask about the price or cost of something.Harga is the price you pay for an item of merchandise.Ongkos is the amount charged for a service provided. You would useongkos for something like (say) a taxi, bus orbecak fare, or for (say) an estimate of the cost of providing a service.
You ask about prices, costs and charges using the question-word berapa. Thus: Berapa harga baju ini?
How much is this shirt?
Berapa harganya? (also: Harganya berapa?) How much is it?
Berapa?
How much is it? (The same as berapa harganya but somewhat more conversational)
Berapa ongkos naik bus dari Wonokromo ke Tunjungan? How much is the bus fare from Wonokromo to Tunjungan? Berapa ongkos menjahit baju?
What do you charge to make a shirt? Berapa ongkosnya? (or: Ongkosnya berapa?)
Awas !!
The phraseBerapa harga? (orBerapa ongkos?) by itself is never heard and is NEV-ER RIGHT. Something must always follow the wordharga when you are asking about price. So you can say, for example:
Berapa harganya? or Berapa harga sepatu ini? But you can never say just: *Berapa harga?
Sizes
The usual term for “size” when it refers to merchandise isukuran. When you ask about the size of an item you should use the question phraseukuran apa if you expect a descriptive word like “big”, “small” or “medium” in the answer. But if you expect a number in the answer you should
use ukuran berapa in your question. Study these examples:
Blus ini ukuran apa? What size is this blouse? Blus itu ukuran besar. That blouse is large size. Blus itu ukuran sedang. That blouse is medium size. Blus itu ukuran kecil.
That blouse is small size.
Sepatu itu ukuran berapa? What size are those shoes? Ukuran empat puluh.
Size 40
Rok itu ukuran berapa? What size is that dress? Rok ini ukuran 78.
This dress is size 78.
Exercise 91-05
You are akaryawan toko. Customers (tamu) in your shop ask you about items of merchandise. You glance at the tag on each item and provide the information. You can express the information in a variety of ways but make sure you mention price and size.
Study this example before you begin.
Pertanyaan: Bu, saya mencari baju hangat ukuran besar. Ada?
Jawaban: Ukuran besar? Maaf, tidak ada. Tetapi ada yang ukuran sedang. Harganya Rp.45.000.
1. Permisi Pak, ada sepatu ukuran 44?
2. Bu. Topi saya rusak. Ada topi ukuran besar? 3. Pak, blus itu ukuran berapa?
4. Wah, baju batik itu bagus. Ada yang kecil?
Role Play: Shopping (With Price & Size Labels)
Prepare a good number of jumbo size labels showing the names of a wide range of different garments, different sizes and different prices, perhaps also different colours and other informa-tion. If possible attach these labels to pictures of garments and lay them out in a “shop”. Repeat the “Shopping for Clothes” role play above but this time include plenty of questions and answers about the size and price of the garments.
An entertaining variation on this role play is to have each member of the class prepare a big, clear label in Indonesian for each item of apparel he/she is wearing. With the labels pinned on themselves, each person is a walking shop display for their own clothes. (In a politically correct classroom, underwear may have to be excluded.)
The members of the class circulate, using the information on the labels and sales talk in In-donesian to “buy” (or not buy) the clothes of other members of the class.
Latihan 1—Kosa Kata Lalu
Jodohkan kata-kata di sebelah kiri dengan terjemahannya di sebelah kanan.
agak rich kalau begitu cost, fare bersih wide lumayan like the most
kaya clean pas to pass, graduate
lebar rather, fairly paling suka quite good, not bad pembangunan appropriate to lulus to try
sesuai size mencari to take
tertarik pada window mencoba to look for
ukuran development mengambil fixed (price), exact bertanya poor, impoverished mula-mula traditional costume jendela interested in ongkos if that’s the case miskin to ask a question
Latihan 2—Bacaan & Pemahaman
Bacalah percakapan antara pelayan toko (shop attendant) dan Flora. Lalu jawab pertanyaan berikut.
