STUDI M O R F O L O G I TANAMAN K¥Jl B E L I N G {StrobUanthes crispus BL.) Y A N G HIDUP DI DATARAN T I N G G I DAN YANG HIDUP DI DATARAN
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O L E H R E S T A NIM 342010134
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U N I V E R S I T A S MUHAMMADIYAH P A L E M B A N G F A K U L T A S K E G U R U A N DAN I L M U PENDIDIKAN
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Universitas Muhammadiyah Palembang untuk memenuhi saUh satu persyaratan dalaoi menyelesaikan program Sarjana Pendidikan
Oleh Resta NIM 342010134
U N I V E R S I T A S MUHAMMADIYAH P A L E M B A N G F A K U L T A S K E G U R U A N DAN I L M U PENDIDIKAN
P R O G R A M STUDI PENDIDIKAN B I O L O G I Juli 2014
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Palembang, 14 Juli 2014 Pembimbing I ,
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2 . A p a b i l a d i k e m u d i a n b a r i t e r b u k l i / d a p a t d i b u k t i k a n s k r i p s i i n i h a s i l j i p l a k a n m a k a s a y a a k a n m e n a n g g u n g r e s i k o s e s u a i h u k u m y a n g b e r l a k u .
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R e s t a . 2 0 1 4 . Studi Morfologi Tanaman Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus BIL.) yang Hidup di Dataran Tinggi dan yang Hidup di Dataran Rendah serta Pengajaranya di SMA Negeri 9 Palembang. S k r i p s i , P r o g r a m S t u d i P e n d i d i k a n B i o l o g i , P r o g r a m S a r j a n a ( S I ) , F a k u l t a s K e g u r u a n d a n I l m u P e n d i d i k a n U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g , P e m b i m b i n g : ( I ) D r s . S u y u d A b a d i , M . S i . , ( I I ) D r a . H j . K h o l l i l a h , M . M . K a t a kunci. M o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) d a t a r a n
t i n g g i d a n d a t a r a n r e n d a h
M a s a l a h d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h : ( I ) B a g a i m a n a p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h ? ( 2 ) A p a k a h d e n g a n m e n g u n a k a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and Picture d a p a t m e n i n g k a t k a n b a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 p a d a m a t e r i p e m b e l a j a r a n b i o l o g i y a n g s e s u a i d e n g a n m a t e r i p e m b e l a j a r a n y a i t u p l a n t a e m e n g e n a i t u m b u h a n b i j i ( S p e r m a t o p h y t a ) ? T u j u a n p e n e l i t i a n ( 1 ) U n t u k m e n g e t a h u i p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g
{Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h . ( 2 ) U n t u k m e n g e t a h u i p e n g a r u h p e n g g u n a a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and picture t e r h a d a p h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r 11
t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 . H i p o t e s i s p e n e l i t i a n ( 1 ) D i d u g a t e r d a p a t p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h . ( 2 ) D i d u g a d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o d e l P e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and picture d a p a t m e n i n g k a t k a n h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 . M e t o d e p e n e l i t i a n ( 1 ) E k s p e r i m e n m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e s u r v e i d e s k r i p t i f d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e k u a l i t a t i f d a n k u a n t i t a t i f , ( 2 ) p a r a m e t e r y a n g d i a m a t i a d a l a h P e r a w a k a n t u m b u h a n ( H a b i t u s ) , p e r i h a l a k a r , p e r i h a l b a t a n g , p e r i h a l d a u n , p e r i h a l b u n g a , p e r i h a l b u a h , d a n p e r i h a l b i j i . H a s i l p e n e l i t i a n ( 1 ) B e r d a s a r k a n a n a l i s i s k e r a g a m a n m e n u n j u k k a n b a h w a v a r i a s i s i f a t d a l a m s p e s i e s y a n g s a m a p a d a m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g
{Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h y a n g m e m i l i k i s i f a t a t a u k a r a k t e r y a n g s a m a b e r j u m l a h 6 3 k a r a k t e r , d a n y a n g m e m i l i k i s i f a t a t a u k a r a k t e r b e r b e d a b e r j u m l a h 7 k a r a k t e r . K e s i m p u l a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h : ( 1 ) B a h w a t e r d a p a t p e r s a m a a n t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus
B L . ) y a n g h i d u p p a d a d a t a r a n t i n g g i ( K o t a P a g a r A l a m ) d a n y a n g h i d u p p a d a d a t a r a n r e n d a h ( K o t a P a l e m b a n g ) , B e d a s a r k a n d e n d o g r a m d i k e t a b u i b a h w a I n d e k s k e s a m a a n a n t a r a S P l d a n S P 2 a d a l a h 1 0 0 % . N i l a i t e r s e b u t m e r u p a k a n n i l a i i n d e k s y a n g t i n g g i , a r t i n y a i n d i v i d u - i n d i v i d u t e r s e b u t m e m i l i k i t a r a f k e s a m a a n s i f a t d a n k a r a k t e r p a l i n g b a n y a k . T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g y a n g m e m i l i k i s i f a t a t a u k a r a k t e r y a n g s a m a b e r j u m l a h 6 3 k a r a k t e r , d a n y a n g m e m i l i k i s i f a t a t a u k a r a k t e r b e r b e d a b e r j u m l a h 7 k a r a k t e r . ( 2 ) D e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e Picture and Picture d a l a m p r o s e s b e l a j a r m e n g a j a r s i s w a k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g T a h u n A j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 p a d a m a t e r i P l a n t a e t e n t a n g T u m b u h a n B i j i {Spermatophyta) d a p a t m e n i n g k a t k a n h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a . H a l i n i d a p a t d i l i h a t d a r i n i l a i t h i t u n g( 3 4 , 9 1 2 ) > n i l a i t tabei ( 2 , 0 2 4 4 ) .
Assalamu'alaikum Wr. Wb.
A l h a m d u l i l l a h o r o b b i r a l a m i n , d e n g a n m e n g u c a p k a n p u j i d a n s y u k u r p e n u l i s p a n j a t k a n k e h a d i r a t A l l a h S W T y a n g t e l a h m e l i m p a h k a n r a h m a t d a n h i d a y a - N y a k e p a d a p e n u l i s s e h i n g g a s k r i p s i y a n g b e r j u d u l " Studi Morfologi Tanaman Keji
Beling (Strobilanthes Crispus B L . ) yang Hidup di Dataran Tinggi dan yang Hidup di
Dataran Rendah serta Pengajarannya di SMA Negeri 9 Palembang^'' d a p a t
d i s e l e s a i k a n t e p a t p a d a w a k t u n y a w a l a u p u n h a n y a s e b a t a s k e m a m p u a n p e n u l i s . S h a l a w a t s e r t a s a l a m d i s a m p a i k a n k e p a d a j u n j u n g a n k i t a n a b i b e s a r M u h a m m a d s a w , y a n g t e l a h m e n g a n t a r m a n u s i a d a r i a l a m k e g e l a p a n d i m a s a j a h i l i y a h m e n u j u z a m a n y a n g t e r a n g b e n d e r a n g s e p e r t i s e k a r a n g i n i . S k r i p s i i n i d i b u a t d e n g a n t u j u a n u n t u k m e m e n u h i s a l a h s a t u s y a r a t a k a d e m i k d a l a m m e n y e l e s a i k a n S t r a t a S a t u ( S I ) p a d a J u r u s a n P e n d i d i k a n M I P A P r o g r a m S t u d i P e n d i d i k a n B i o l o g i F a k u l t a s K e g u r u a n d a n I l m u P e n d i d i k a n U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h p a l e m b a n g .
P e n y u s u n a n s k r i p s i i n i t i d a k t e r l e p a s d a r i b a n t u a n s e m u a p i h a k , m u l a i d a r i m e m p e r s i a p k a n , m e l a k s a n a k a n d a n m e n y e l e s a i k a n . O l e h k a r e n a i t u p a d a k e s e m p a t a n i n i p e n u l i s b a n y a k m e n g u c a p a k a n t e r i m a h k a s i h y a n g s e b e s a r - b e s a m y a k e p a d a y a n g t e r h o r m a t , B a p a k D r s . S u y u d A b a d i , M . S i . s e l a k u d o s e n p e m b i m b i n g I d a n B u n d a D r a . H j . K h o l i l l a h , M . M . s e l a k u d o s e n p e m b i m b i n g I I y a n g t e l a h b a n y a k m e l u a n g k a n w a k t u , t e n a g a d a n p i k i r a n d a l a m m e m b a n t u p e n u l i s a n s e j a k a w a l h i n g g a s e l e s a i s k r i p s i i n i . U c a p a n t e r i m a h k a s i h p e n u l i s s a m p a i k a n j u g a k e p a d a y a n g t e r h o r m a t .
1 . B a p a k D r s , S y a i f u d i n , M . P d . , s e l a k u D e k a n F a k u l t a s K e g u r u a n d a n I l m u P e n d i d i k a n U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g .
2 . I b u S u s i D e w i y e t i , S . S i . , M . S i . , s e l a k u K e t u a P r o g r a m S t u d i P e n d i d i k a n B i o l o g i F a k u l t a s K e g u r u a n d a n I l m u P e n d i d i k a n U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g . 3 . S e l u r u h D o s e n P e n d i d i k a n B i o l o g i , b e s e r t a S t a f K a r y a w a n F K I P U n i v e r s i t a s
M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n i l m u y a n g b e r m a n f a a t s e l a m a k u l i a h d a n m e m b a n t u p e n g u r u s a n a d m i n i s t r a s i .
4 . B a p a k H e n d r a F i r d a u s , S . P d , M . M . , s e l a k u K e p a l a S e k o l a h , B a p a k E f r i a n s y a h , S . P d . , s e l a k u W a k i l k e s i s w a a n b e s e r t a G u r u d a n S t a f S M A N e g e r i 13 P a l e m b a n g y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n i z i n d a n b a n t u a n u n t u k m e l a k u k a n p e n g a m b i l a n d a t a p e n e l i t i a n .
5. B a p a k H a s a n n u d i n , S . P d , M . P d , s e l a k u g u r u B i o l o g i k e l a s X . i S M A N e g e r i 13 P a l e m b a n g y a n g t e l a h m e m b a n t u d a n m e m b e r i m a s u k a n d a l a m p r o s e s p e n g a m b i l a n d a t a p e n e l i t i a n .
6 . K e d u a o r a n g t u a k u y a n g t e r k a s i h , t e r c i n t a , d a n t e r s a y a n g , A y a h a n d a A k h m a d P a s i d a n i b u n d a T e t i M a r H u d a , S . P d . , y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i s e m a n g a t s e r t a d o ' a y a n g t i d a k h e n t i - h e n t i n y a , d a n t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n d u k u n g a n b e r u p a m o r a l d a n m a t e r i l s e h i n g g a s a y a d a p a t m e n y e l e s a i k a n t u g a s a k h i r i n i d e n g a n b a i k .
7 . A d i k k u t e r s a y a n g M o n i k a K r i s t i n a d a n d a n P u t r i N a d i a k a l i a n a d a l a h s e m a n g a t k a k a k u n t u k b e r h a s i l s e r t a k a l i a n a d a l a h m o t i f a s i k a k a k d a l a m h i d u p i n i .
8. S e l u r u h k e l u a r g a b e s a r k u y a n g t e l a h m e m b e r i k a n b a n t u a n , d o ' a d a n k a s i h s a y a n g s e r t a m o t i v a s i y a n g t a k h e n t i - h e n t i n y a .
9 . T e m a n - t e m a n P P L d i S M P N e g e r i 1 7 P a l e m b a n g .
1 1 . S e l u r u h t e m a n - t e m a n a n g k a t a n 2 0 1 0 U n i v e r s i t a s M u h a m m a d i y a h P a l e m b a n g d a n t e r k h u s u s O k t a M e r l i a n i , M a m i F r a n s i s k a , W i d a Y a n t i d a n M u h a r a m a n y a n g n a m a n y a t e l a h t e r u k i r d i h a t i k u y a n g s e l a l u m e m b e r i k a n c a n d a t a w a , k a s i h , s e m a n g a t , m o t i v a s i d a n k e g e m b i r a a n y a n g t i a d a t a r a .
1 2 . S e m u a p i h a k y a n g t e l a h b a n y a k m e m b a n t u d a n m e n d u k u n g d a l a m m e n y e l e s a i k a n s k r i p s i i n i y a n g t i d a k d a p a t p e n u l i s s e b u t k a n s a t u p e r s a t u .
D a l a m p e n y e l e s a i a n s k r i p s i i n i p e n u l i s t e l a h b e r u s a h a d e n g a n s e g a l a k e m a m p u a n y a n g d i m i l i k i , n a m u n p e n u l i s m e n y a d a r i m a s i h b a n y a k k e k u r a n g a n y a n g t e r d a p a t d a l a m p e n u l i s a n s k r i p s i i n i . O l e h k a r e n a i t u , p e n u l i s s a n g a t m e n g h a r a p k a n s e k a l i s a r a n d a n p e t u n j u k g u n a k e s e m p u m a a n p e n u l i s a n - p e n u l i s a n y a n g a k a n d a t a n g . P e n u l i s b e r h a r a p s e m o g a s k r i p s i i n i d a p a t b e r m a n f a a t b a g i k i t a s e m u a . A m i n Y a R o b b a l A l a m i n . A k h i r k a t a t i a d a g a d i n g y a n g t a k r e t a k , b e g i t u p u n d e n g a n s k r i p s i i n i m a s i h a d a k e k u r a n g a n d a n k e l e m a h a n . U n t u k i t u s a r a n - s a r a n y a n g b e r s i f a t m e m b a n g u n s e l a l u p e n u l i s n a n t i k a n , d a n u n t u k i t u p e n u l i s m e n g u c a p a k a n t e r i m a k a s i h .
Wassalamualaikum, Wr.Wb
P a l e m b a n g , J u l i 2 0 1 4
IX
D A F T A R I S I
HALAMAN
HALAMAN JUDUL i HALAMAN P E R S E T U J U A N PEMBIMBING ii
HALAMAN P E R S E T U J U A N DAN PENGESAHAN Hi
M O T T O DAN PERSEMBAHAN iv SURAT PERNYATAAN K E A S L I A N PENULISAN S K R I P S I v
A B S T R A K vi K A T A PENGANTAR vii
D A F T A R ISI X
DAFTAR T A B E L xii DAFTAR GAMBAR xiii D A F T A R LAMPIRAN xiv BAB I PENDAHULUAN
A. L a t a r b e l a k a n g 1
B. R u m u s a n M a s a l a h 3
C . T u j u a n P e n e l i t i a n 3 D . H i p o t e s i s P e n e l i t i a n 4 E . M a n f a a t P e n e l i t i a n 4 F . R u a n g L i n g k u p d a n K e t e r b a t a s a n P e n e l i t i 5
BAB I I K A J I A N PUSTAKA A. T i n j a u a n U m u m t a n a m a n
K e j i B e l i n g {Slrohilanthes crispus B L . ) 7
B . K e a n e k a r a g a m a n H a y a t i 1 3 C . T i n j a u a n u m u m D a t a r a n T i n g g i ( K o t a P a g a r A l a m )
d a n D a t a r a n R e n d a h { K o t a P a l e m b a n g ) 1 6 D . M o d e l P e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and Picture 2 0
C . I n s t r u m e n P e n e l i t i a n 2 5 D . P e n g u m p u l a n D a t a 2 5 E . A n a l i s i s D a t a 3 5
BAB IV H A S I L P E N E L I T I A N
A . D e s k r i p s i D a t a P e n e l i t i a n 3 9
B . A n a l i s i s D a t a 4 7 BAB V PEMBAHASAN
A. P e m b a h a s a n H a s i l P e n e l i t i a n 5 4 B . P e m b a h a s a n H a s i l P e n g a j a r a n 5 6 BAB VI PENUTUP
A . K e s i m p u l a n 6 0 B . S a r a n 6 1
D A F T A R PUSTAKA 62 L A M P I R A N
DAFTAR R I W A Y A T HIDUP
DAFTAR T A B E L
Tabel Halaman 4 . 1 D a t a H a s i l P e n e l i t i a n ' l e n t a n g T a n a m a n K e j i B e l i n g {Strobilan
thes crispus B L . ) y a n g H i d u p d i D a t a r a n T i n g g i d a n
y a n g H i d u p d i D a t a r a n R e n d a h 3 9 4 . 2 D a t a D i s t r i b u s i F r e k u e n s i T e s A w a l S i s w a K e l a s X . I S e m e s t e r
I I S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g T a h u n A j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 4 4 4 . 3 D a t a D i s t r i b u s i F r e k u e n s i T e s A k h i r S i s w a K e l a s X . I S e m e s t e r
11 S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g T a h u n A j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 4 6 4 . 4 A n a l i s i s K e r a g a m a n T a n a m a n K e j i B e l i n g {Strobilanthes
crispus B L . ) y a n g H i d u p d i D a t a r a n T i n g g i d a n y a n g
H i d u p d i D a t a r a n R e n d a h 4 7
4 . 5 I n d e k s K e s a m a a n 5 0 4 . 6 M a t r i k s K e s a m a a n 5 0 4 . 7 K e l o m p o k B e r d a s a r k a n N i l a i I n d e k s T e r h e s a r 5 0
4 . 8 U j i S t a t i s t i k p a d a T e s A w a l d a n T e s a k h i r S i s w a K e l a s X . I S e m e s t e r
I I S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g T a h u n A j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 5 2 4 . 9 H a s i l U j i t T e s A w a l d a n T e s A k h i r S i s w a K e l a s X . I S e m e s t e r
n S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g T a h u n A j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 5 3
Gambar Halaman 2 . 1 T u m b u h a n K e j i B e l i n g {Strobilanlhes crispus B L . ) 9
2 . 2 A k a r K e j i B e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) 1 0 2 . 3 D a u n K e j i B e l i n g [Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) 1 1 3 . 1 D c n d o g r a m K e s a m a a n K a r a k t e r B u n g a ( C h r y s a n t i m u m s p ) 3 7
4 . 1 I I i . s t o g r a m D a t a H a s i l P e n g a j a r a n P a d a T e s A w a l 4 5 4 . 2 H i s t o g r a m D a t a H a s i l P e n g a j a r a n P a d a T e s A k h i r 4 6 4 . 3 D c n d o g r a m k e r a g a m a n t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes
crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n
y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h 5 1
DAFTAR LAMPIRAN
Lampiran Halaman
1 . S u r a t K e p u t u s a n D o s e n P e m b i m b i n g 6 4
2 . U s u i J u d u l 6 5 3 . C o v e r S e m i n a r 6 6
4 . U n d a n g a n S i m u l a s i P r o p o s a l 6 7
5 . D a f t a r H a d i r 6 8
6 . S u r a t P e r m o h o n a n a n R i s e t P e n e l i t i a n P a d a D a t a r a n R e n d a h
( K o t a P a l e m b a n g ) 7 0 7. S u r a t K e t e r a n g a n P e n e l i t i a n P a d a D a t a r a n R e n d a h ( K o t a P a l e m b a n g ) 7 1
8. S u r a t P e r m o h o n a n R i s e t P e n e l i t i a n P a d a D a t a r a n T i n g g i
( K o t a P a g a r A l a m ) 7 2
9 . S u r a t K e t e r a n g a n P e n e l i t i a n P a d a D a t a r a n ' ! ' i n g g i ( K o t a P a g a r a A l a m ) 7 3
1 0 . S u r a t P e r m o h o n a n R i s e t K e p a l a D i n a s P e n d i d i k a n P e m u d a d a n
O l a h r a g a K o t a P a l e m b a n g 7 4 1 1 . S u r a t I z i n P e n g a j a r a n D a r i K e p a l a D i n a s P e n d i d i k a n P e m u d a d a n
O l a h r a g a K o t a P a l e m b a n g 7 5 1 2 . S u r a t K e t e r a n g a n P e n e l i t i a n P e n g a j a r a n D a r i S M A
N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g 7 6
1 3 . G a m b a r A l a t - A l a t P e n e l i t i a n 7 7 1 4 . H a s i l P e n g a m a t a n S i f a t d a n K a r a k t e r T a n a m a n K e j i B e l i n g {Strohi
lanthes crispus B L . ) P a d a D a t a r a n T i n g g i ( K o t a P a g a r A l a m )
D a n D a t a r a n R e n d a h ( K o t a P a l e m b a n g ) 7 8
1 6 . S i l a b u s 8 7 1 7 . R P P ( R e n c a n a P e i a k s a n a a n P e m b e l a j a r a n ) 9 2
1 8 . M a t r i k S o a l 1 1 5
1 9 . S o a l - S o a l T e s A w a l d a n T e s A k h i r 1 1 6
2 0 . K u n c i J a w a b a n 1 2 3
2 1 . T a b e l D a t a H a s i l E v a l u a s i 1 2 4
2 2 . T a b e l t 1 2 5
2 3 . H a s i l D a t a P e r h i t u n g a n S P S S V e r s i 1 6 . 0 0 1 2 6
2 4 . H a s i l H i s t o g r a m P e n g a j a r a n 1 2 8
2 5 . K e m a j u a n B i m b i n g a n S k r i p s i O l e h P e m b i m b i n g I 1 2 9
2 6 . K e m a j u a n B i m b i n g a n S k r i p s i O l e h P e m b i m b i n g I I 1 3 1
2 7 . R i w a y a t H i d u p 1 3 3
B A B l PENDAHULUAN
A. Latar Belakang
I n d o n e s i a m e r u p a k a n n e g a r a y a n g m e m i l i k i k e a n e k a r a g a m a n h a y a t i y a n g t i n g g i . K e a n e k a r a g a m a n i n i s a n g a t b e s a r n i l a i n y a b a g i b a n g s a I n d o n e s i a d a n h a r u s t e r u s d i l e s t a r i k a n d a n d i m a n f a a t k a n s e c a r a b i j a k a g a r t i d a k m e n g a l a m i -k e p u n a h a n . I n d o n e s i a y a n g b e r i -k l i m t r o p i s m e n y e b a b -k a n t a n a h n y a s u b u r s e h i n g g a b a n y a k j e n i s t u m b u h a n y a n g t u m b u h . B a i k d i d a e r a h d a t a r a n t i n g g i m a u p u n d i d a e r a h d a t a r a n r e n d a h . D i d a t a r a n t i n g g i k a r e n a s u h u n y a y a n g r e l a t i f d i n g i n d a n t a n a h n y a y a n g s u b u r , j a d i p e r t u m b u h a n b e r b a g a i j e n i s t a n a m a n m e n j a d i m a k s i m a l d a n t e r l i h a t s e g a r - s e g a r . S e d a n g k a n d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h c u a c a y a n g c u k u p p a n a s m e n g a k i b a t k a n t a n a h k u r a n g s u b u r , g e r s a n g , s e h i n g g a p e r t u m b u h a n t a n a m a n p u n t e r h a m b a t . T a n a m a n n y a t e r l i h a t k e c i l - k e c i l d a n k u r a n g m e n a r i k ( H a r i a n a , 2 0 0 5 : 0 1 ) .
S a l a h s a t u f a k t o r y a n g m e m p e n g a r u h i p e n y e b a r a n t u m b u h a n d i p e r m u k a a n b u m i a d a l a h t i n g g i r e n d a h n y a p e r m u k a a n b u m i . P e r m u k a a n b u m i t e r d i r i d a r i b e r b a g a i m a c a m r e l i e f , s e p e r t i p e g u n u n g a n , d a t a r a n r e n d a h p e r b u k i t a n d a n d a e r a h p a n t a i . P e r b e d a a n t i n g g i r e n d a h n y a p e r m u k a a n b u m i m e n g a k i b a t k a n v a r i a s i s u h u u d a r a . V a r i a s i s u h u u d a r a m e m p e n g a r u h i k e a n e k a r a g a m a n h a y a t i ( D a r y o n o , 2 0 1 3 ) .
D a r i b e r b a g a i c a b a n g i l m u t u m b u h a n y a n g s e k a r a n g t e l a h b e r d i r i s e n d i r i a d a l a h m o r f o l o g i t u m b u h a n . M o r f o l o g i t u m b u h a n y a n g m e m p e l a j a r i b e n t u k d a n
s u s u n a n t u b u h t u m b u h a n p u n s u d a h d e m i k i a n p e s a t p e r k e m b a n g a n n y a h i n g g a d i p i s a h k a n m e n j a d i morfologi luar a t a u morfologi s a j a ( m o r p h o l o g y i n s e n s u
s t r i c t o = d a l a m a r t i y a n g s e m p i t ) d a n morfologi dalam a t a u a n a t o m i t u m b u h a n ( T j i t r o s o e p o m o , 2 0 0 9 : 1 ) . M o r f o l o g i t u m b u h a n a d a l a h i l m u y a n g m e n g k a j i b e r b a g a i o r g a n t u m b u h a n , b a i k b a g i a n - b a g i a n , b e n t u k m a u p u n f u n g s i n y a ( T u g u , 2 0 1 2 : 3 ) .
I d o n e s i a y a n g s a n g a t k a y a d e n g a n a n e k a t u m b u h - t u m b u h a n o b a t , s u d a h l a m a m e n g e n a i m a n f a a t d a r i d a u n k e j i b e l i n g . K a r e n a t e l a h t e r b u k t i k h a s i a m y a s e l a m a b e b e r a p a g e n e r a s i s e b a g a i p e n y e m b u h b e r b a g a i m a c a m p e n y a k i t . l a m e m p u n y a i j u m l a h a n t i o k s i d a n y a n g t i n g g i d i s a m p i n g m a m p u u n t u k b e r t i n d a k s e b a g a i a g e n a n t i o k s i d a n , a n t i k a n s e r , a n t i d i a b e t e s d a n j u g a a n t i m i k r o b . S e l a i n k a y a a k a n m a n f a a t t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g j u g a d a p a t d i j a d i k a n t a n a m a n p a g a r , d a n d i j a d i k a n t a n a m n b i a s o l e h m a s y a r a k a t . T u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g s e b e n a m y a s e r i n g d a p a t k i t a j u m p a i t u m b u h l i a r d i p e k a r a n g a n a t a u k e b u n . T u m b u h a n i n i j u g a m u d a h s e k a l i t u m b u h d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i m a u p u n d a t a r a n r e n d a h , t a m p a k n y a t u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g i n i s a n g a t m u d a h b e r a d a p t a s i d i i k l i m t r o p i s s e p e r t i d i I n d o n e s i a ( A r e a , 2 0 1 3 : 1 ) .
3
t u m b u h a n d a n p e r a n a n n y a b a g i k e l a n g s u n g a n h i d u p d i b u m i p a d a m a t e r i p o k o k P l a n t a e y a i t u t u m b u h a n b i j i ( S p e r m a t o p h y t a ) d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and Picture.
M e n u r u t S a n t o s o ( 2 0 1 1 ) dalam P r a t i w i ( 2 0 1 3 ) , m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n
Picture and Picture a d a l a h s u a t u m e t o d e b e l a j a r y a n g m e n g g u n a k a n g a m b a r d a n d i p a s a n g k a n / d i u r u t k a n m e n j a d i u r u t a n l o g i s . M o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n i n i m e r u p a k a n s a l a h s a t u b e n t u k m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n k o o p e r a t i f . M o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n k o o p e r a t i f a d a l a h s u a t u m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n y a n g m e n g u t a m a k a n a d a n y a k e l o m p o k - k e l o m p o k . P e m b e l a j a r a n k o o p e r a t i f m e r u p a k a n p e m b e l a j a r a n y a n g s e c a r a s a d a r d a n s i s t e m a t i s m e n g e m b a n g k a n i n t e r a k s i y a n g s a l i n g a s a h , s i l i h a s i h , d a n i l i h a s u h . P e m b e l a j a r a n i n i m e m i l i k i c i r i a k l i f , i n o v a t i f , k r e a t i f , d a n m e n y e n a n g k a n .
B. Rumusan Masalah
1 . B a g a i m a n a p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus
B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h ?
2 . A p a k a h d e n g a n m e n g u n a k a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and picture d a p a t m e n i n g k a t k a n h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 ?
C . Tujuan Penelitian
2 . U n t u k m e n g e t a h u i p e n g a r u h p e n g g u n a a n m o d e ! p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and picture t e r h a d a p h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 p a d a m a t e r i p e l a j a r a n b i o l o g i y a n g s e s u a i d e n g a n m a t e r i p e m b e l a j a r a n y a i t u p l a n t a e m e n g e n a i t u m b u h a n b i j i ( S p e r m a t o p h y t a ) .
D. Hipotesis Penelitian
1 . D i d u g a t e r d a p a t p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i datar.an t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h . 2. D i d u g a d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o d e l P e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and picture d a p a t
m e n i n g k a t k a n h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r 11 t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 p a d a m a t e r i p e l a j a r a n b i o l o g i y a n g s e s u a i d e n g a n m a t e r i p e m b e l a j a r a n y a i t u p l a n t a e m e n g e n a i t u m b u h a n b i j i ( S p e r m a t o p h y t a ) .
E . Manfaat Penelitian 1 . B a g i P e n e l i t i
M e m b e r i k a n p e n g e t a h u a n d a n m e n a m b a h i n f o r m a s i t e n t a n g p e r s a m a a n m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a n y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h .
2 . B a g i M a s y a r a k a t
5
3 . B a g i S e k o l a h
D i h a r a p k a n s e b a g a i b a h a n m a s u k a n d a n d a p a t m e n i n g k a t k a n h a s i l b e l a j a r s i s w a p e l a j a r a n b i o l o g i k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 p a d a m a t e r i p e l a j a r a n b i o l o g i y a n g s e s u a i d e n g a n m a t e r i p e m b e l a j a r a n y a i t u p l a n t a e m e n g e n a i t u m b u h a n b i j i ( S p e r m a t o p h y t a ) .
F. Ruang Lingkup dan Keterbatasan Peneliti 1. Ruang Lingkup
a. T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g d i t e l i t i d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i b e r t e m p a t d i j a l a n G u n u n g D e m p o R T 1 8 , R W 0 6 k e l u r a h a n S i d o r e j o k e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m S e l a t a n K o t a P a g a r A l a m .
b . T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g d i t e l i t i d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h b e r t e m p a t d i j a l a n M a t a r a m N o . 4 4 1 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 k e l u r a h a n k e m a s r i n d o k e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i P a l e m b a n g .
c. S i s w a y a n g m e n j a d i o b j e k p e n e l i t i a n a d a l a h s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 .
2. Keterbatasan Penelitian
a. M o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g d i a m a t i : a k a r
(Radix), b a t a n g (Caulis), d a u n (Folium), b u n g a (Flos), b u a h (Fructus) d a n b i j i
6
K o t a P a g a r A l a m d a n d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h y a n g b e r t e m p a t d i J a l a n M a t a r a m N o . 4 4 4 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 K e l u r a h a n K e m a s R i n d o K e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i P a l e m b a n g . b . P a r a m e t e r y a n g d i a m a t i m u l a i d a r i a k a r , b a t a n g , d a u n , b u n g a , b i j i d a n b u a h
d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n K u n c i D e t e r m i n a s i . c. P e n e l i t i a n d i l a k u k a n s e l a m a 1 b u l a n .
d . P e n e l i t i a n i n i m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e S u r v e i D e s k r i p t i f d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e k u a l i t a t i f d a n k u a n t i t a t i f u n t u k m e n e n t u k a n I n d e k s K e s a m a a n S o r e n s e n , d i m a n a p e n e l i t i t e r j u n l a n g s u n g k e l a p a n g a n u n t u k m e n g a m a t i t a n a m a n , k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g t e r d a p a t d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i K o t a P a g a r A l a m d a n d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h K o t a P a l e m b a n g .
e. P e n e l i t i a n p e n g a j a r a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n picture and picture.
A. Tinjauan Umum Tanaman Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus B L . )
I d o n e s i a y a n g s a n g a t k a y a d e n g a n a n e k a t u m b u h - t u m b u h a n o b a t , s u d a h l a m a m e n g e n a i m a n f a a t d a r i d a u n k e j i b e l i n g . K a r e n a t e l a h t e r b u k t i k h a s i a t n y a s e l a m a b e b e r a p a g e n e r a s i s e b a g a i p e n y e m b u h b e r b a g a i m a c a m p e n y a k i t . T u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g s e b e n a m y a s e r i n g d a p a t k i t a j u m p a i t u m b u h l i a r d i , p e k a r a n g a n a t a u k e b u n . T u m b u h a n i n i j u g a m u d a h s e k a l i t u m b u h d i d a t a r a n
t i n g g i m a u p u n d a t a r a n r e n d a h , t a m p a k n y a t u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g i n i s a n g a t m u d a h b e r a d a p t a s i d i i k l i m t r o p i s s e p e r t i d i I n d o n e s i a ( A r e a , 2 0 1 3 : 1 ) .
P e c a h b e l i n g a t a u n a m a s a i n t i f i k n y a Strobilanthes crispus B L .
(Acanthaceae) m e m p a k a n t u m b u h a n y a n g b e r a s a l d a r i M a d a g a s c a r h i n g g a k e I n d o n e s i a d a n t e l a h d i k e n a l p a s t i b u a t p e r t a m a k a l i n y a o l e h T h o m a s A n d e r s o n ( 1 8 3 2 - 1 8 7 0 ) y a n g m e n g k e l a s k a n t u m b u h a n i n i d i b a w a h S p e r m a t o p h y t a ( t u m b i t h a n b e r b u n g a d a n g y m n o s p e r m a ) . D a u n i n i d i k e n a l i d e n g a n n a m a p e c a h b e l i n g , e n y o h k i l o , k e c i b e l i n g a t a u k e j i b e l i n g d i I n d o n e s i a . D i M a l a y s i a , p o k o k i n i l e b i h d i k e n a l i d e n g a n n a m a p e c a h k a c a , p e c a h b e l i n g a t a u j i n b a t u . P o k o k m u d a h d i t a n a m d a n h i d u p s u b u r d i M a l a y s i a . D a u n n y a t e l a h d i g u n a k a n s e c a r a t r a d i s i o n a l u n t u k m e r a w a t k a n s e r , k e n c i n g m a n i s s e r t a b a t u k a r a n g d a n j u g a
s e b a g a i a g e n d i u r e t i k ( R a h m a t , 2 0 0 5 : 5 ) .
T u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g a t a u Strobilanthes crispus B L . m u d a h b e r k e m b a n g b i a k p a d a t a n a h s u b u r , a g a k t e r l i n d u n g d a n d i t e m p a t t e r b u k a . T u m b u h a n i n i
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d a p a t h i d u p d i d a e r a h d e n g a n k o n d i s i e k o l o g i s d e n g a n s y a r a t s e b a g a i b e r i k u t . H i d u p n y a d i k e t i n g g i a n t e m p a t 1 m - 1 . 0 0 0 m d i a t a s p e r m u k a a n l a u t d e n g a n c u r a h h u j a n t a h u n a n 2 . 5 0 0 m m - 4 . 0 0 0 m m / t a h u n , i k l i m n y a b u l a n b a s a h ( d i a t a s 1 0 0 m m / b u l a n ) 8 b u l a n 9 b u l a n , b u l a n k e r i n g ( d i b a w a h 6 0 m m / b u l a n ) 3 b u l a n -4 b u l a n , h i d u p d i s u h u u d a r a 2 0 0 C - 2 5 0 C d e n g a n k e l e m b a p a n s e d a n g , p e n y i n a r a n s e d a n g , t e k s t u r t a n a h p a s i r s a m p a i l i a t , d r a i n a s e s e d a n g - b a i k , k e d a l a m a n a i r t a n a h 2 5 c m d a r i p e r m u k a a n t a n a h , k e d a l a m a n p e r a k a r a n 5 c m d a r i p e r m u k a a n t a n a h , k e m a s a m a n ( p H ) 5 , 5 - 7 d a n k e s u b u r a n s e d a n g ( W i l d a , 2 0 1 0 : 2 ) .
N a m a l a i n d a r i t u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g i n i a n t a r a l a i n p i c a h b e l i n g ( J a k a r t a ) ; n g o k i l o , e n y a h k i l o , k e c i b e l i n g , s a m b a n g g e t e h ( J a w a ) ; p i c a h b e l i n g ( S u n d a ) ; l i r e ( T e m a t e ) ; r e m e k d a g i n g , r e u n d e u b e u r e u m ( T a n a h P a s u n d a n ) ( I r f a n , 2 0 1 3 : 4 ) .
1. Klasifikasi Tumbuhan Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus BL.)
M e n u r u t W i l d a ( 2 0 1 0 : 2 ) , t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) d i k l a s i f i k a s i k a n s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
K i n g d o m S u b k i n g d o m S u p e r D i v i s i o D i v i s i o
S u b d i v i s i o C l a s s
S u b c l a s s O r d o F a m i l i G e n u s S p e c i e s
N a m a d a e r a h
P l a n t a e ( T u m b u h a n )
T r a c h e o b i o n t a ( T u m b u h a n b e r p e m b u l u h ) S p e r m a t o p h y t a ( M e n g h a s i l k a n b i j i ) M a g n o l i o p h y t a ( T u m b u h a n b e r b u n g a ) D i c o t y l e d o n a e ( T u m b u h a n b e r k e p i n g d u a ) M a g n o l i o p s i d a ( T u m b u h a n d i k o t i l )
A s t e r i d a e S c r o p h u l a r i a l e s A c a n t h a c e a e : S t r o b i l a n t h e s
: Strobilanthes crispus B L .
2. Morfologi Tumbuhan Keji Beling {Strobilanthes crispus B L . )
Gambar 2.1 Tumbuhan Keji Beling {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) (Sumber: Sulistyowati, 2011)
T u m b u h a n Strobilanthes crispus B L . t e r g o l o n g t u m b u h a n s e m a k , b i a s a n y a h i d u p m e n g g e r o m b o l . M o r f o l o g i d a r i t u m b u h a n Strobilanthes crispus
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k e k u n i n g a n . Sirobilanthes crispus B L . m e m i l i k i b u a h b e r b e n t u k b u l a t , b u a h n y a j i k a m a s i h m u d a b e r w a m a h i j a u d a n s e t e l a h t u a a t a u m a s a k b e r w a m a h i t a m . U n t u k b i j i n y a b e r b e n t u k b u l a t , d a n u k u r a n n y a k e c i l . S i s t e m p e r a k a r a n n y a t u n g g a n g . b e n t u k a k a r s e p e r t i t o m b a k , d a n b e r w a m a p u t i h ( S u l i s t y o w a t i , 2 0 1 1 : 3 ) .
a ) Akar {Radix)
A k a r a d a l a h p o k o k y a n g n o m o r t i g a s e t e l a h b a t a n g d a n d a u n b a g i t u m b u h a n y a i t u t u b u h n y a t e l a h m e r u p a k a n k o r m u s d a n p a d a t u m b u h a n k e j i b e l i n g i n i , s i s t e m p e r a k a r a n n y a a d a l a h s i s t e m a k a r t u n g g a n g , b e r w a m a p u t i h k e k u n i n g a n b e r f u n g s i m e m p e r k u a t b e r d i r i n y a t a n a m a n . m e n y e r a p a i r d a n u n s u r h a r a d a r i t a n a h ( D a r y o n o , 2 0 1 1 : 1 ) .
a) Batang ( C a u l i s )
T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (StrobUanthes crispus B L . ) b e r j e n i s b a t a n g b a s a h d a n m e n y e r u p a i r u m p u t b e r b a t a n g t e g a k , b e n t u k b u l a t b e r u a s b e r d i a m e t e r 0 , 2 -0 , 7 c m b e r w a m a u n g u d e n g a n b i n t i k - b i n t i k h i j a u ( m a s i h m u d a ) b e r u b a h c o k l a t s e t e l a h t u a . B a t a n g b e r c a b a n g d a n b e r b u l u h a l u s ( D a r y o n o , 2 0 1 1 : 2 ) .
b) Daun ( F o l i u m )
D a u n m e r u p a k a n s u a t u b a g i a n y a n g p e n t i n g , y a n g b e r f u n g s i s e b a g a i a l a t p e n g a m b i l a n z a t - z a t m a k a n a n ( r e a b s o r b s i ) , a s i m i l a s i t r a n s p i r a s i d a n r e s p i r a s i . D a u n k e j i b e l i n g B e r b e n t u k b u l a t t e l u r b a g i a n t e p i b e r g e r i g i j a r a k k u r a n g l e b i h 1 c m , b e r b u l u h a l u s ( t i d a k t e r l i h a t o l e h m a t a t e l a n j a n g ) p a n j a n g 5 8 c m l e b a r 2 -5 e m , w a m a h i j a u d e n g a n b u n g a d a l a m b u l i r p e n d e k b e r b e n t u k k e p a l a b e r b u l u s e p e r t i b u l u d o m b a d e n g a n d a u n p c l i n d u n g ( D a r y o n o , 2 0 1 1 : 2 ) .
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c) Bunga (Flos)
B u n g a p a d a k e j i b e l i n g t e r s u s u n d a l a m b u H r p a d a t , g a g a n g b u n g a l e b i h p a n j a n g d a r i k e l o p a k , k e l o p a k t e r t u t u p d e n g a n r a m b u t - r a m b u t p e n d e k , m a h k o t a b e r b e n t u k c o r o n g , t e r b a g i 5 , p a n j a n g 1,5 c m s a m p a i 2 c m , b e r a m b u t , b e r w a m a k u n i n g , b e n a n g s a r i 4 . B u a h b e r b e n t u k g e l o n d o n g , m e n g a n d u n g 2 s a m p a i 4 b i j i .
d) Buah ( F r u c t u s )
B u a h p a d a t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g t c r m a s u k k e d a l a m b u a h s e j a t i t u n g g a l y a n g k e r i n g (Siccus) y a n g m e m i l i k i b a n y a k a t a u l e b i h d a r i s a t u b i j i , y a i t u b u a h s e j a t i t u n g g a l y a n g l u a m y a k e r a s d a n m e n g a y u h s e p e r t i k u l i t y a n g k e r i n g . T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g m e m i l i k i b u a h b e r b e n t u k l o n j o n g k e c i l , w a m a b u a h j i k a m a s i h m u d a b e w a m a h i j a u d a n s e t e l a h t u a a t a u m a s a k b e w a r n a h i t a m . B u a h p a d a t a n a m a n i n i t i d a k d a p a t d i m a k a n .
e) Biji (Semen)
3. Manfaat Tumbuhan Keji Beling {Strobilanthes crispus BL.)
D a u n k e j i b e l i n g m e r u p a k a n t u m b u h a n y a n g m e m p u n y a i b a n y a k k h a s i a t . l a m e m p u n y a i j u m l a h a n t i o k s i d a n y a n g t i n g g i d i s a m p i n g m a m p u u n t u k b e r t i n d a k s e b a g a i a g e n a n t i o k s i d a n , a n t i k a n s e r , a n t i d i a b e t e s d a n j u g a a n t i m i k r o b ( A s m a h , 2 0 0 5 : 2 ) .
B a h a n k i m i a y a n g t e r k a n d u n g d a l a m k e j i b e l i n g d i a n t a r a n y a k a l i u m d e n g a n k a d a r t i n g g i , n a t r i u m , k a i s i u m , a s a m s i l i k a t , d a n b e b e r a p a s e n y a w a l a i n n y a ( H a r i a n a , 2 0 0 5 : 2 1 ) . D a r i b e r b a g a i p e n e l i t i a n d i k e t a b u i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g m e n g a n d u n g z a t - z a t k i m i a a n t a r a l a i n : k a l i u m , n a t r i u m , k a l s i t u n , a s a m s i l i k a t , a l k a l o i d a , s a p o n i n , flavonoida, d a n p o l i l e n o i . K a l i u m b e r f u n g s i m e l a n c a r k a n a i r s e n i s e r t a m e n g h a n c u r k a n b a t u d a l a m e m p e d u , g i n j a l d a n k a n d u n g k e m i h . N a t r i u m b e r f u n g s i m e m n g k a t k a n c a i r a n e k s t r a s e l u l e r y a n g m e n y e b a b k a n p e n i n g k a t a n v o l u m e d a r a h . K a i s i u m b e r f u n g s i m e m b a n t u p r o s e s p e m b e k u a n d a r a h , j u g a s e b a g a i k a t a l i s a t o r b e r b a g a i p r o s e s b i o l o g i d a l a m t u b u h d a n m e m p e r t a h a n k a n f u n g s i m e m b r a n s e l . S e d a n g k a n a s a m s i l i k a t b e r f u n g s i m e n g i k a t a i r , m i n y a k , d a n s e n y a w a - s e n y a w a n o n - p o l a r l a i n n y a ( W i l d a , 2 0 1 0 : 4 ) .
B. Keanekaragaman Hayati
1. Pengertian Keanekaragaman Hayati
14
f a k t o r l u a r . F a k t o r g e n e t i k b e r s i f a t r e l a t i f k o n s t a n a t a u s t a b i l p e n g a r u h n y a t e r h a d a p m o r f o l o g i o r g a n i s m e . S e b a l i k n y a , f a k t o r l u a r r e l a t i f s t a b i l p e n g a r u h n y a t e r h a d a p m o r f o l o g i o r g a n i s m e . " T i d a k a d a d u a i n d i v i d u y a n g s a m a p e r s i s " . H a l i n i d i s e b a b k a n o l e h a d a n y a v a r i a s i o r g a n i s m d a r i s p e s i e s y a n g s a m a a t a u k e a n e k a r a g a m a n s p e s i e s . L i n g k u n g a n a t a u f a k t o r e k s t e m a ; s e p e r t i m a k a n a n , s u h u , c a h a y a m a t a h a r i , k e l e m b a b a n , c u r a h h u j a n d a n f a k t o r l a i n n y a b e r s a m a - s a m a f a k t o r m e n u r u n y a n g d i w a r i s k a n d a r i k e d u a i n d u k n y a s a n g a t b e r p e n g a r u h t e r h a d a p f e n o t i p s u a t u i n d i v i d u . D e n g a n d e m i k i a n f e n o t i p s u a t u i n d i v i d u m e r u p a k a n h a s i l i n t e r a k s i a n t a r a g e n o t i p d e n g a n l i n g k u n g a n n y a . B a i k h e w a n m a u p u n t u m b u h a n j u g a m e m p u n y a i v a r i a s i y a n g t a m p a k a n t a r a l a i n d a l a m b e n t u k , u k u r a n t u b u h , w a m a d a n c i r i k h a n l a i n n y a ( A d r i a n a , 2 0 0 7 ) .
2. Tingkat Keanekaragaman Hayati a. K e a n e k a r a g a m a n T i n g k a t G e n e t i k ( g e n )
b . K e a n e k a r a g a m a n T i n g k a t S p e c i e s ( J e n i s )
D u a m a k h l u k h i d u p m a m p u m e l a k u k a n p e r k a w i n a n d a n m e n g h a s i l k a n k e t u r u n a n y a n g f e r t i l ( m a m p u m e l a k u k a n p e r k a w i n a n d a n m e n g h a s i l k a n k e t u r u n a n ) m a k a k e d u a m a k h l u k h i d u p t e r s e b u t m e r u p a k a n satu spesies.
K e a n e k a r a g a m a n h a y a t i t i n g k a t j e n i s m e n u n j u k k a n k e a n e k a r a g a m a n a t a u v a r i a s i y a n g t e r d a p a t p a d a b e r b a g a i j e n i s a t a u s p e s i e s m a k h l u k h i d u p d a l a m g e n u s y a n g s a m a a t a u f a m i l i a y a n g s a m a . P a d a b e r b a g a i s p e s i e s t e r s e b u t t e r d a p a t p e r b e d a a n -p e r b e d a a n s i f a t .
c. K e a n e k a r a g a m a n T i n g k a t E k o s i s t e m
E k o s i s t e m b e r a r t i s u a t u k e s a t u a n y a n g d i b e n t u k o l e h h u b u n g a n t i m b a l b a l i k a n t a r a m a k h l u k h i d u p ( k o m p o n e n b i o t i k ) d a n l i n g k u n g a n n y a ( k o m p o n e n a b i o t i k ) . S e t i a p e k o s i s t e m m e m i l i k i c i r i - c i r i l i n g k u n g a n f i s i k , l i n g k u n g a n k i m i a , t i p e v e g e t a s i / t u m b u h a n , d a n t i p e h e w a n y a n g s p e s i f i k . K o n d i s i l i n g k u n g a n m a k h l u k h i d u p i n i s a n g a t b e r a g a m . K o n d i s i l i n g k u n g a n y a n g b e r a g a m t e r s e b u t m e n y e b a b k a n j e n i s m a k h l u k h i d u p y a n g m e n e m p a t i n y a b e r a g a m p u l a . K e a n e k a r a g a m a n s e p e r t i i n i d i s e b u t s e b a g a i k e a n e k a r a g a m a n t i n g k a t e k o s i s t e m .
16
C. Tinjauan Umum Dataran Tinggi (Kota Pagar Alam) dan Dataran rendah (Kota Palembang)
1. Dataran Tinggi
D a t a r a n t i n g g i a d a l a h d a t a r a n y a n g t e r l e t a k p a d a k e t i n g g i a n d i a t a s 7 0 0 m d p i ( k e t i n g g i a n d a r i p e r m u k a a n l a u t ) . D a t a r a n t i n g g i j u g a k a d a n g s e r i n g d i s e b u t P l a t e a u a t a u P l a t o . D a t a r a n t i n g g i i t u t e r b e n t u k s e b a g a i h a s i l e r o s i y a i t u p e r i s t i w a p e n g i k i s a n b a h a n p a d a t a n c o n t o h n y a s e d i m e n , t a n a h , b a t u a n , d a n p a r t i k e l l a i n n y a , a k i b a t t r a n s p o r t a s i a n g i n , a i r a t a u e s , k a r a k t e r i s t i k h u j a n , c r e e p p a d a t a n a h d a n m a t e r i a l l a i n d i b a w a h p e n g a r u h g r a v i t a s i , a t a u o l e h m a k h l u k h i d u p s e m i s a l h e w a n y a n g m e m b u a t H a n g , d a l a m h a l i n i d i s e b u t b i e - e r o s i . dcm juga sebagai hasil sedimentasi y a i t u p r o s e s p e n g e n d a p a n m a t e r i a l y a n g d i t r a n s p o r t o l e h m e d i a a i r , a n g i n , e s a t a u g l e t s e r d i s u a t u c e k u n g a n . D a t a r a n t i n g g i b i s a j u g a t e r j a d i o l e h b e k a s K a l d e r a l u a s , y a n g t e r t i m b u n m a t e r i a l d a r i l e r e n g g u n u n g s e k i t a m y a ( S i t s a r h a n , 2 0 1 3 ) .
2. Karakteristik Dataran Tinggi
P a d a u m u m n y a t e k a n a n u d a r a d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i l e b i h r e n d a h , s u h u r a t a -r a t a d i s i a n g h a -r i b e -r k i s a -r 1 5 — 2 0 °C d a n d i m a l a m h a -r i h a n y a 1 0 °C, b a h k a n p a d a p a g i h a r i s u h u u d a r a d a p a t s e d i k i t e k s t r i m d e n g a n s u h u b i s a m e n c a p a i 0 °C y a n g m e m u n c u l k a n e m b u n b e k u ( T u a , 2 0 1 2 ) .
s e b e l a h b a r a t d a y a d a r i i b u k o t a K a b u p a t e n L a h a t . K o t a P a g a r A l a m b e r a d a p a d a k e t i n g g i a n 1 0 0 - 1 0 0 0 M d p l d a r i l u a s w i l a y a h d a t a r a n t i n g g i d i d a e r a h i n i b e r a d a d i b a w a h k a k i G u n u n g D e m p o + 3 1 5 9 M e t e r . S u h u d i K o t a P a g a r A l a m b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 1 4 " C s a m p a i d e n g a n 3 4 " C .
K o t a P a g a r A l a m y a n g t e r l e t a k d i b a w a h k a k i G u n u n g D e m p o p a d a u m u m n y a m e m p u n y a i i k l i m y a n g b e r h a w a d i n g i n ( s e j u k ) , m e m i l i k i 2 ( d u a ) m u s i m y a i t u m u s i m k e m a r a u d a n m u s i n h u j a n . M u s i m h u j a n r a t a - r a t a s e t i a p t a h u n b e r k i s a r a n t a r a B u l a n O k t o b e r s/d b u l a n M a r e t s e d a n g k a n m u s i m k e m a r a u b e r k i s a r b u l a n A p r i l s/d S e p t e m b e r , p e n y i m p a n g a n k e d u a m u s i m t e r s e b u t t e r j a d i s e t i a p 5 t a h u n s e k a l i d i m a n a m u s i m h u j a n b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 0 0 0 -3 0 0 0 m m d e n g a n k e l e m b a b a n u d a r a b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 7 5 - 8 9 %.
B e n t u k p e r m u k a a n t a n a h d i K o t a P a g a r A l a m b e r v a r i a s i d a r i d a t a r a n s a m p a i b e r g u n u n g . D a e r a h y a n g m e m p u n y a i d a t a r a r a n y a n g c u k u p l u a s a d a l a h K e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m S e l a t a n d a n K e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m U t a r a . S e m e n t a r a d a e r a h y a n g m e m p u n y a i p e r m u k a a n b e r g u n u n g a d a l a h K e c a m a t a n D e m p o U t a r a , K e c a m a t a n D e m p o S e l a t a n d a n D e m p o T e n g a h m e m p u n y a i b e n t u k p e r m u k a a n y a n g b e r g e l o m b a n g ( I s k a , 2 0 1 4 ) .
18
3. Morfologi Tanaman di Dataran Tinggi
D a t a r a n t i n g g i s a n g a t c o c o k u n t u k k e g i a t a n w i s a t a d a n p e r k e b u n a n . T a n a m a n y a n g c o c o k u n t u k p e r k e b u n a n a n t a r a l a i n t e h , c e n g k e h , k o p i , s a y u r a n d a n b u a h - b u a h a n , j a t i , b u n g a d a n k i n a ( D i a m o n , 2 0 1 1 ) .
S a l a h s a t u c o n t o h t a n a m a n y a n g d a p a t h i d u p p a d a d a t a r a n t i n g g i c o n t o h n y a c a b a i r a w i t . D i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d a u n t a n a m a n c a b a i r a w i t b e r b e n t u k o v a l , d a u n y a l e b a r - l e b a r d a n r i m b u n . B a t a n g n y a m e m b e n t u k b a n y a k p e r c a b a n g a n d a n b e r w a m a h i j a u t u a , B u n g a t a n a m a n c a b a i m e m p a k a n b u n g a
s e m p u m a . B u a h t a n a m a n c a b a i d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i r e l a t i f l e b i h k e c i l , b o b o t n y a l e b i h t i n g g i , k a r e n a k a d a r a i r b u a h c a b a i l e b i h b a n y a k , d a y a t a h a n b u a h c a b a i l e b i h r e n d a h ( E n d r a , 2 0 1 3 ) .
4 . Dataran Rendah
P a d a u m u m n y a d a t a r a n r e n d a h t a n a h y a n g k e a d a a n n y a r e l a t i f d a t a r d a n l u a s s a m p a i k e t i n g g i a n s e k i t a r 2 0 0 m d a r i p e r m u k a a n l a u t . T a n a h i n i b i a s a n y a d i t e m u k a n d i s e k i t a r p a n t a i , t e t a p i a d a j u g a y a n g t e r l e t a k d i p e d a l a m a n . D a t a r a n r e n d a h t e r j a d i a k i b a t p r o s e s s e d i m e n t a s i . D i I n d o n e s i a d a t a r a n r e n d a h u m u m n y a h a s i l s e d i m e n t a s i s u n g a i ( M u c h l i s , 2 0 1 2 ) .
5. Karakteristik Dataran Rendah
B e r d a s a r k a n l e t a k g e o g r a f i s n y a d a t a r a n r e n d a h a d a l a h d a t a r a n y a n g b e r a d a d i a n t a r a 0 s a m p a i 2 0 0 a t a u 5 0 0 m d i b a w a h p e r m u k a a n l a u t . S u h u b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 3 " C - 2 8 " C s e h i n g g a h a w a y a n g d i r a s a k a n p a n a s .
B e r d a s a r k a n l e t a k g e o g r a f i s n y a P a l e m b a n g t e r l e t a k p a d a 2°59'27.99"LS 104°45'24.24"BT. L u a s w i l a y a h K o t a P a l e m b a n g a d a l a h 3 5 8 , 5 5 K m ^ d e n g a n k e t i n g g i a n r a t a - r a t a 8 m e t e r d a r i p e r m u k a a n l a u t .
I k l i m d i d a e r a h P a l e m b a n g m e r u p a k a n i k l i m d a e r a h t r o p i s d e n g a n a n g i n l e m b a b n i s b i , k e c e p a t a n a n g i n b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 , 3 k m / j a m - 4 , 5 k m / j a m . C u r a h h u j a n p e r t a h u n b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 . 0 0 0 m m ^ - 3 . 0 0 0 m m . K e l e m b a b a n u d a r a b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 7 5 - 8 9 % d e n g a n r a t a - r a t a p e n y i n a r a n m a t a h a r i 4 5 % . T o p o g r a f i t a n a h r e l a t i f d a t a r d a n r e n d a h . H a n y a s e b a g i a n k e c i l w i l a y a h k o t a y a n g t a n a h n y a t e r l e t a k p a d a t e m p a t y a n g a g a k t i n g g i , y a i t u p a d a b a g i a n u t a r a k o t a . S e b a g i a n b e s a r t a n a h a d a l a h d a e r a h b e r a w a s e h i n g g a p a d a s a a t m u s i m h u j a n d a e r a h t e r s e b u t t e r g e n a n g . K e t i n g g i a n r a t a - r a t a a n t a r a 0 - 2 0 m d p i . S u h u k o t a b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 3 , 4 3 1 , 7 " C e l s i u s . C u r a h h u j a n p e r t a h u n b e r k i s a r a n t a r a 2 . 0 0 0 m m -3 . 0 0 0 m m .
20
6. Morfologi Tanaman di Dataran Rendah
D a t a r a n r e n d a h s e b a g i a n b e s a r u n t u k l a h a n p e r t a n i a n t a n a m a n p a n g a n d a n p e r k e b u n a n k e l a p a , p a d i , p a l a w i j a d a n l e b u ( D i a m o n , 2 0 1 1 ) .
S a l a h s a t u c o n t o h t a n a m a n y a n g d a p a t h i d u p p a d a d a t a r a n r e n d a h c o n t o h n y a c a b a i r a w i t . P a d a d a t a r a n r e n d a h d a u n t a n a m a n c a b a i r a w i t b e r b e n t u k o v a l , d a u n y a k e c i l - k e c i l d a n t e r l i h a t k e r d i l . B a t a n g n y a m e m b e n t u k b a n y a k p e r c a b a n g a n d a n b e r w a m a h i j a u m u d a , B u n g a t a n a m a n c a b a i m e r u p a k a n b u n g a s e m p u m a . B u a h t a n a m a n c a b a i d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h r e l a t i f l e b i h b e s a r , t a p i b o b o t b u a h n y a l e b i h r e n d a h , k a r e n a k a d i j r a i r b u a h c a b a i s e d i k i t , d a y a t a h a n b u a h c a b a i l e b i h t i n g g i , k a r e n a s e d i k i t m e n g a n d u n g a i r ( E n d r a , 2 0 1 3 ) .
D. Model Pembelajaran P i c t u r e and P i c t u r e 1. Pengertian P i c t u r e and P i c t u r e
S e t e l a h m e l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n y a n g b e r j u d u l " S t u d i M o r f o l o g i T a n a m a n K e j i B e l i n g {Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g H i d u p d i D a t a r a n T i n g g i d a n y a n g H i d u p d i D a t a r a n R e n d a h s e r t a P e n g a j a r a n n y a d i S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g " , d i d a p a t h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n y a n g a k a n d i a j a r k a n d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n picture and Picture.
M e n u m t S a n t o s o ( 2 0 1 1 ) dalam P r a t i w i ( 2 0 1 3 ) , m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n
k e l o m p o k - k e l o m p o k . P e m b e l a j a r a n k o o p e r a t i f m e r u p a k a n p e m b e l a j a r a n y a n g s e c a r a s a d a r d a n s i s t e m a t i s m e n g e m b a n g k a n i n t e r a k s i y a n g s a l i n g a s a h , s i l i h a s i h , d a n i l i h a s u h . P e m b e l a j a r a n i n i m e m i l i k i c i r i a k t i f , i n o v a t i f , k r e a t i f , d a n m e n y e n a n g k a n .
M o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n i n i m e n g g u n a k a n g a m b a r s e b a g a i m e d i a d a l a m p r o s e s p e m b e l a j a r a n . G a m b a r - g a m b a r i n i m e n j a d i f a k t o r u t a m a d a l a m p r o s e s p e m b e l a j a r a n . S e h i n g g a s e b e l u m p r o s e s p e m b e l a j a r a n , g u r u s u d a h m e n y i a p k a n g a m b a r y a n g a k a n d i t a m p i l k a n b a i k d a l a m b e n t u k k a r t u a t a u d a l a m b e n t u k c h a r t a d e n g a n u k u r a n b e s a r , A t a u j i k a d i s e k o l a h s u d a h m e n g g u n a k a n I C T d a p a t m e n g g u n a k a n P o w e r P o i n t a t a u s o f w a r e y a n g l a i n .
M e n u r u t J o h n s o n & J o h n s o n dalam S a n t o s o ( 2 0 1 1 ) , p r i n s i p d a s a r d a l a m m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n k o o p e r a t i f e Picture and Picture a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : 1 . S e t i a p a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k ( s i s w a ) b b e r t a n g g u n g j a w a b a t a s s e g a l a s e s u a t u
y a n g d i k e r j a k a n d a l a m k e l o m p o k n y a .
2 . S e t i a p a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k ( s i s w a ) h a m s m e n g e t a h u i b a h w a s e m u a a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k m e m p u n y a i t u j u a n y a n g s a m a .
3 . S e t i a p a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k ( s i s w a ) h a m s m e m b a g i t u g a s d a n t a n g g u n g j a w a b y a n g s a m a d i a n t a r a a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k n y a .
4 . S e t i a p a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k ( s i s w a ) a k a n d i k e n a i e v a l u a s i .
5 . S e t i a p a n g g o t a k e l o m p o k ( s i s w a ) b e r b a g i k e p e m i m p i n a n d a n m e m b u t u h k a n k e t e r a m p i l a n u n t u k b e l a j a r b e r s a m a s e l a m a p r o s e s b e l a j a n i y a .
2 2
2. Langka-langka Pembelajaran picture and picture
M e n u r u t S a n t o s o ( 2 0 1 1 ) , t i p e i n i m e n g g u n a k a n m e d i a g a m b a r d a l a m p r o s e s p e m b e l a j a r a n y a i t u d e n g a n c a r a m e m a s a n g / m e n g u r u t k a n g a m b a r - g a m b a r m e n j a d i u r u t a n y a n g l o g i s . M e l a l u i c a r a s e p e r t i i n i d i h a r a p k a n s i s w a m a m p u b e r f i k i r d e n g a n l o g i s s e h i n g g a p e m b e l a j a r a n m e n j a d i b e r m a k n a .
A d a p u n l a n g k a h - l a n g k a h d a l a m m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and Picture
a d a l a h s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
1 . G u r u m e n y a m p a i k a n k o m p e t e n s i y a n g i n g i n d i c a p a i 2 . M e n y a j i k a n m a t e r i s e b a g a i p e n g a n t a r
3 . G u r u m e n u n j u k k a n / m e m p e r l i h a t k a n g a m b a r - g a m b a r k e g i a t a n b e r k a i t a n d e n g a n m a t e r i
4 . G u r u m e n u n j u k k a n / m e m a n g g i l s i s w a s e c a r a b e r g a n t i a n
m e m a s a n g / m e n g u r u t k a n g a m b a r - g a m b a r m e n j a d i u r u t a n y a n g l o g i s 5 . G u r u m e n a n y a k a n a l a s a n / d a s a r p e m i k i r a n u r u t a n g a m b a r t e r s e b u t
6 . D a r i a l a s a n / u r u t a n g a m b a r t e r s e b u t g u r u m e m u l a i m e n a n a m k a n k o n s e p / m a t e r i s e s u a i d e n g a n k o m p e t e n s i y a n g i n g i n d i c a p a i
7 . K e s i m p u l a n / r a n g k u m a n ( S a n t o s o , 2 0 1 1 ) .
p a n d a n g s u a t u s u b j e k b a h a s a n d e n g a n m e m b e r i k a n k e b e b a s a n s i s w a d a l a m p r a k t i k b e r p i k i r , m e n g e m b a n g k a n m o t i v a s i u n t u k b e l a j a r y a n g l e b i h b a i k , s e r t a
s i s w a d i l i b a t k a n l a n g s u n g d a l a m p e r e n c a n a a n d a n p e n g e l o l a a n k e l a s .
A d a p u n p a d a k e k u r a n g a n d a r i m o d e l p e m b e l a j a r a n Picture and Picture,
BAB
m
M E T O D E P E N E L I T I A N
A. Rancangan Penelitian
R a n c a n g a n p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i a d a l a h m e t o d e s u r v e i d e s k r i p t i f d e n g a n m e n g g u n a k a n m e t o d e k u a l i t a t i f d a n k u a n t i t a t i f , d i m a n a p e n g a m a t t e r j u n l a n g s u n g m e n g a m a t i m o r f o l o g i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g
(Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i b e r t e m p a t d i J a l a n G u n u n g D e m p o R T 1 8 , R W 0 6 K e l u r a h a n S i d o r e j o K e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m S e l a t a n K o t a P a g a r A l a m d a n d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h y a n g b e r t e m p a t d i J a l a n M a t a r a m N o . 4 4 1 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 K e l u r a h a n K e m a s R i n d o K e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i P a l e m b a n g .
B. Snbjek Penelitian
S a m p e l s e b a g a i s u b j e k p e n e l i t i a n d a l a m h a l i n i a d a l a h :
a. T a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i d i a m b i l d a r i a k a r , b a t a n g , d a u n , b u n g a , b i j i d a n b u a h .
b . t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h d i a m b i l d a r i a k a r , b a t a n g , d a u n , b u n g a , b i j i d a n b u a h .
c. P e n g a j a r a n d i l a k u k a n p a d a s i s w a S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g k e l a s X . i s e m e s t e r I I t a h u n a j a r a n 2 0 1 3 / 2 0 1 4 s e b a n y a k 3 9 o r a n g s i s w a .
C. Instrumen Penelitian 1. Alat
A l a t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i c a m e r a d i g i t a l , p e n g g a r i s p a n j a n g 3 0 c m , k a c a p e m b e s a r , k e r t a s l a t a r ( k a r t o n p u t i h ) , a l a t - a l a t t u l i s ( p u l p e n , p e n s i l d a n p e n g h a p u s ) , b u k u p a n d u a n M o r f o l o g i t u m b u h a n .
2. Bahan
D a l a m p e i a k s a n a a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i b a h a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n a d a l a h t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n t i n g g i b e r t e m p a t d i j a l a n G u n u n g D e m p o R T 1 8 , R W 0 6 k e l u r a h a n S i d o r e j o k e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m
S e l a t a n K o t a P a g a r A l a m y a n g d i a m b i l m u l a i d a r i a k a r , b a t a n g , d a u n , b u n g a , b i j i d a n b u a h . T a n a m a n k e j i b a l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g h i d u p d i d a t a r a n r e n d a h b e r t e m p a t d i j a l a n M a t a r a m N o . 4 4 1 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 k e l u r a h a n k e m a s rindo k e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i P a l e m b a n g y a n g d i a m b i l m u l a i d a r i a k a r , b a t a n g , d a u n , b u n g a , b i j i d a n b u a h .
D. Pengumpulan data
1. Pengumpulan Data Penelitian
26
N o . 4 4 1 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 K e l u r a h a n K e m a s R i n d o - K e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i s e b a g a i s a m p e l p e n e l i t i a n . S e r t a p e n g a j a r a n n y a d i S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g .
a. T e m p a t d a n w a k t u p e n e l i t i a n
P e n e l i t i a n d i l a k s a n a k a n d i d u a t e m p a t y a i t u p a d a d a t a r a n t i n g g i b e r t e m p a t d i j a l a n G u n u n g D e m p o R T 1 8 , R W 0 6 k e l u r a h a n S i d o r e j o k e c a m a t a n P a g a r A l a m S e l a t a n K o t a P a g a r A l a m d a n d a t a r a n r e n d a h b e r t e m p a t d i J a l a n M a t a r a m N o . 4 4 1 R T 0 8 , R W 0 2 k e l u r a h a n k e m a s rindo k e c a m a t a n K e r t a p a t i . W a k t u p e n e l i t i a n ( 1 5 a p r i l - 15 M e i 2 0 1 4 ) d a n p e n g a j a r a n d i S M A N e g e r i 9 P a l e m b a n g . b . C a r a k e r j a
1 ) M e n y i a p k a n a l a t d a n b a h a n
S e b e l u m m e l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n , p e n e l i t i h a r u s m e n y i a p k a n a l a t d a n b a h a n -b a h a n y a n g a k a n d i p e r g u n a k a n s e w a k t u p e n e l i t i a n -b e r l a n g s u n g , m i s a l n y a ( p u l p e n , p e n s i l , p e n g h a p u s , m i s t a r 3 0 c m , k a r t o n p u t i h d a n b u k u p a n d u a n m o r f o l o g i t u m b u h a n ) .
2 ) M e m i l i h t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g a k a n d i t e l i t i D a l a m p e n e l i t i a n i n i t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g (Strobilanthes crispus B L . ) y a n g d i a m b i l d a r i d u a t e m p a t y a i t u t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g y a n g d i a m b i l d a r i d a t a r a n t i n g g i K o t a P a g a r A l a m d a n t a n a m a n k e j i b e l i n g y a n g d i a m b i l d a r i d a t a r a n r e n d a h K o t a P a l e m b a n g .
3 ) P e i a k s a n a a n p e n g a m a t a n ( P a r a m e t e r y a n g D i a m a t i )
a. P e r a w a k a n T u m b u h a n ( H a b i t u s )
D a r i s u a t u t u m b u h a n h e n d a k n y a d i s e b u t d u l u h a b i t u s n y a : p o h o n , p e r d u , s e m a k , a t a u t e m a . K e m u d i a n m e n y u s u l : p a n j a n g u m u m y a : s e t a h u n , d u a t a h u n a t a u t a n a m a n m e n a h u n . A d a k a h s e l a n j u t n y a b a g i a n - b a g i a n l a i n s e l a i n a k a m y a y a n g a d a d i d a l a m t a n a h y a n g s p e s i f i k u n t u k t a n a m a n i n i , m i s a l n y a a d a n y a u m b i , a k a r r i m p a n g , d a n I a i n - l a i n . K e m u d i a n u r a i a n s i n g k a t m e n g e n a i k e a d a a n t e m p a t t u m b u h n y a t u m b u h a n t a d i ( h a b i t a t ) : s e p a n j a n g p a n t a i , d i t e p i k a l i , d i r a w a . t a n a h p a s i r , a t a u t a n a h k a p u r , t i n g g i n y a t e m p a t t a d i d a r i p e r m u k a a n a i r l a u t , d a n i
