Sistem Manajemen K3
(SMK3)
Keselamatan dan Kesehatan Kerja (K3) FTP UB 2016
OHSMS
Occupational Health and Safety Management System
OHSMS aims to continuously improve OHS
performance through the effective management of OHS risks and activities in the workplace.
It contains a set of plans, actions and procedures that assist an organization to systematically manage health and safety risk associated with their business.
Many organizations are implementing an OHSMS to help them manage risk, address legislation and to protect their workforce.
OHSAS 18001/18002:
Occupational Health and Safety Assessment Series, published by the British Standards Institute. (BSI)
OHSAS 18001 specification gives requirements for an OHSMS
OHSAS 18002 explains the requirements of the specification and shows you how to work toward implementation and registration.
It is not an ISO standard, but integrates well with
ISO 9001 (quality) and ISO 14001 (environment), and applies to any organization.
OHSAS 18001 does not state specific occupational health and safety (OH&S) performance criteria. It sets a baseline and implements continuous improvement.
Follow a Plan-Do-Check-Act approach.
Plan - Establish the objectives and processes needed to deliver the results (in line with the OHSMS).
Do - Implement the needed processes of the OHSMS.
Check - Check the processes against the policy, objectives, targets, regulations, and report the results. (Auditing)
Act - Take actions that will continually improve the OHSMS.
PLAN DO
CHECK
ACT
Komitmen dan menjamin Penetapan Kebijakan K3 Perencanaan K3 Penerapan K3 Pengukuran dan Evaluasi Peningkatan Berkelanjutan Peninjauan Ulang & Peningkatan oleh manajemen Peninjauan Ulang & Peningkatan Manajemen
Dalam penerapan SMK3 perusahaan wajib melaksanakan ketentuan :
Harus Memenuhi Persyaratan Minimum : - 5 prinsip dasar
- 12 unsur/elemen
dilaksanakan oleh perusahaan disemua sektor dan terintegrasi dgn sistem Manajemen
Perusahaan
Wajib
Untuk perusahaan di sektor kegiatan usaha tertentu dapat merubah atau menambah unsur-unsur sesuai jenis dan tingkat resiko bahaya yg ada
atas persetujuan Menteri
1. Pembangunan dan
Pemeliharaan Komitmen 2. Pendokumentasian
Strategi
3. Peninjauan Ulang Desain dan Kontrak 4. Pengendalian Dokumen 5. Pembelian 6. Keamanan Bekerja Berdasarkan SMK3 7. Standar Pemantauan 8. Pelaporan dan Perbaikan 9. Pengelolaan material dan
perpindahannya 10. Pengumpulan dan penggunaan data 11. Audit SMK3 12. Pengembangan Ketrampilan dan Kemampuan Elemen Audit 1. Penetapan Kebijakan K3 2. Perencanaan Penerapan K3 3. Penerapan K3 4. Pengukuran, Pemantauan, dan Evaluasi Kinerja K3 5. Peninjauan secara teratur untuk meningkatkan kinerja K3 secara berkesinambung an Prinsip Dasar
1. Komitmen dan kebijakan
1.1 Kepemimpinan dan komitmen 1.2 Initial Review
1.3 Kebijakan K3 2. Perencanaan
2.1 Perenc ident bhy, penilaian resiko dan pengend resiko
2.2 Per. per uu dan persyart lainnya 2.3 Tujuan dan sasaran
2.4 Indikator kinerja
2.5 Perenc awal dan perencanaan kegiatan yg berlangsung
3. Penerapan
3.1 Jaminan kemampuan 3.2 Kegiatan pendukung 3.3 Ident SB, penilaian dan pengendalian resiko 4.Pengukuran dan evaluasi 4.1 Inspeksi dan pengujian 4.2 Audit SMK3
4.3 Tindakan perbaikan dan pencegahan
5. Tinjauan ulang dan peningkatan pihak mgt
Bagi perusahaan :
- Mempekerjakan Pekerja/buruh lebih dari 100 org - < 100 org dgn tingkat resiko bahaya tinggi
Dibuktikan dgn Audit
MEKANISME AUDIT SMK3
Eksternal (3 th sekali) Internal Badan Audit (Auditor) Pengusaha/ PengurusPengawasan oleh Instansi Ketenagakerjaan pd Pem.Prop, Pem.Kab/Kot
TINGKAT PENERAPAN DAN KEBERHASILAN
Tabel I%
Kecil 64 kriteria Sedang 122 kriteria Besar 166 kriteria0 –59 % Tindakan hukum Tindakan hukum Tindakan hukum
60 – 84 % Bendera perak sertifikat Bendera perak sertifikat Bendera perak sertifikat 85 – 100 % Bendera emas sertifikat Bendera emas sertifikat Bendera emas sertifikat
MEKANISME SERTIFIKASI SMK3
Disnaker
Perusahaan
RTA
Badan AuditKonfirmasi Jadwal Laporan Audit Audit Kesesuaian Depnakertrans Ev An
Sertifikat
23 65 28 33 59 70 72 79
PROSENTASE KEPESERTAAN SEKTOR INDUSTRI DALAM PELAKSANAAN AUDIT EKSTERNAL DARI TAHUN 1997-2003
2.40% 5.20% 38.30% 6.60% 24.10% 10.30% 4.10% 5.50% 3.45% FARMASI KONTRUKSI GENERAL MFG ELEKTRONIK PERKEBUNAN &KEHUTANAN
PETROKIMIA (INDUSTRI KIMIA)
OIL&GAS/MINING/PEMBANGKITAN
MAKANAN&MINUMAN
Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems Auditing & Improvement HSG 65
Key elements
All recognized occupational health and safety management systems follow the same basic and common elements:
A planning phase
A performance phase
A performance assessment phase A performance improvement phase
Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems Auditing & Improvement HSG 65 Setting policy Organizing Identification & assessment Procedures Communication Employee participation Acceptance monitoring Active monitoring Reactive monitoring Review Continual improvement
Planning phase Performance phase Assessment phase Improvement phase
Key elements
Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001
Key elements of all H&S management systems
Auditing & Improvement HSG
65
Common basis for HSG 65, OHSAS 18001 and
ILO-OSH 2001
Plan Do Check Act Plan: Establish standards forhealth and safety management based on risk assessment and legal requirements Do: Implement plans to achieve objectives and standards Check: Measure progress with plans and
compliance with standards
Act
Review against objectives and
standards and take appropriate action
Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001 Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems
HSG 65
HSG 65 is published in the UK by the Health & Safety Executive (HSE) as a guide to successful health and safety management.
The guide is more concerned with continual improvement than the attainment of minimum health and safety standards.
This framework is used by HSE Inspectors when auditing the health and safety management arrangements of employers.
Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001 Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems
HSG 65
Policy:
Set a clear
direction, aims and objectives for the organization to follow REVIEW Organize: Put in a structure and arrangements to deliver the policy effectively
Plan and Implement:
Establish, operate and maintain good systems to deliver the policy’s aims and objectives effectively Measure: Measure performance against agreed standards to reveal where improvement is needed also praise instances of good working practice, compliance with procedures, etc. Audit: Planned assessment of arrangements to ensure they are effective, suitable and meet any legal requirements as well as in-house standards Review Review of performance – actual vs. planned taking into account relevant experiences and applying lessons learnt POLICY ORGANIZE PLAN & IMPLEMENT MEASURE PERFORMANCE
Key elements
OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems
OHSAS 18001 is an internationally recognized accredited standard for occupational health and safety management. The standard is similar in structure to ILO-OSH 2001, with the main exception that it is only awarded to organizations following a successful audit by an awarding institution.
OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion ILO-OSH 2001 Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems MANAGEMENT REVIEW POLICY PLANNING IMPLEMENTATION & OPERATION CHECKING & CORRECTIVE ACTION
Key elements
Appropriate to the nature and scale of organizational risks
Commitment to the prevention of injury and continual improvement
Commitment to at least comply with legal
requirements
Provides a framework for setting and reviewing occupational standards
Communicated
Is reviewed periodically
On-going hazard
identification, risk assessment and establishment of
necessary control measures.
Results of risk assessments considered when determining risk control measures.
Results documented and kept up-to-date.
Establish, implement and maintain a procedure for identifying and accessing legal and other OH&S requirements.
Establish, implement and maintain OH&S objectives which must be measureable.
Provide adequate resources
Define roles, responsibilities and accountabilities.
Appoint a senior manager with specific OH&S
responsibilities.
Competent persons in place.
Effective internal
communication structures.
Procedures for employee consultation. Appropriate level of documentation. Appropriate operational controls – purchasing, emergencies, etc.
Procedures to monitor and measure OH&S
performance.
Procedures for evaluating legal etc. compliance.
Procedures to record, investigate and analyse accidents.
Procedures for dealing with actual or potential
non-conformity including taking corrective action.
Records demonstrating compliance with the management system & 18001.
Internal audit programme.
Results of internal audits and evaluations of
compliance
Results of consultation
Communications from external parties (including complaints)
OH&S performance
How well objectives have been met
Status of investigations and corrective actions
Follow up from previous reviews
Recommendations for improvement
OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems
ILO-OSH 2001
ILO-OSH 2001 is a guideline offering a recommended occupational health and safety management framework.
There are main common elements with the UK’s HSG 65 and OHSAS 18001; the framework is not legally binding on ILO member states and does not seek to replace national laws, regulations or standards.
To be successful the ILO recognizes that there must be a national policy on health and safety and occupational health and safety management systems in place.
OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion Auditing & Improvement Key elements of all H&S
management systems ILO-OSH 2001 POLICY
Key elements
More emphasis on employee participation Employees and safety representatives to have sufficient time and
resources to allow effective participation.
Formation of a health and safety committee.
Occupational health and safety should be compatible or
integrated with the organization’s other management systems ACTION FOR IMPROVEMENT Setting of responsibilities, accountability, competence, training and communication. Effective supervision to ensure protection of workers Establishment of
prevention and health promotion
programmes.
Worker access to records, monitoring documents, etc.
Health and safety
training available to all employees.
Development of a plan following an initial
review of any existing health and safety system.
Plan to remedy any deficiencies.
Support compliance with national legislation and require continual improvement.
Contain measureable and realistic objectives.
Hazard identification and risk assessment.
Establish, implement and monitor
procedures.
Emphasis on the health and welfare of workers.
Recommendations concerning
investigation of work-related accidents, injuries, ill-health,
disease and incidents.
Arrangements introduced and maintained for any preventative and/or corrective actions in relation to performance monitoring, audits and management reviews. Arrangements in place for continued improvement of the management system. Performed by competent and trained personnel at agreed intervals. Cover: Elements of the management system. Employee participation and consultation. National legislation compliance. Meeting objectives. POLICY ORGANIZING PLANNING & IMPLEMENTATION EVALUATION
Key elements
ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion Key elements of all H&Smanagement systems
Auditing and Improvement
Auditing should establish how effective the following three components of the health and safety management are in reality:
1 Management organization and arrangements
2 Identification and implementation of risk control measures
ILO-OSH 2001 OHSAS 18001 HSG 65 Group discussion Key elements of all H&S
management systems
Key elements
Auditing and Improvement
To be effective improvement does not need to be expensive or complex but can benefit organization:
By decreasing the rate of injuries, ill health and damage By a possible reduction in the resources required to
maintain the system
By accepting high standards and improvement in the health and safety culture
With overall improvements in the management system itself.
