iv ANALISIS DAN EKSPERIMEN PENGUJIAN BALOK KAYU YANG DIAWETKAN
TERHADAP KUAT LENTUR BALOK KAYU
ABSTRAK
Kayu adalah bahan material struktur yang lama dikenal masyarakat. Material kayu memiliki berat jenis yang ringan dan proses pengerjaannya dapat dilakukan dengan peralatan sederhana. Tindakan pengawetan kayu adalah kegiatan untuk memperpanjang umur pakai kayu baik secara kimia maupun fisika. Penelitian ini menggunakan benda uji berupa balok kayu berukuran struktural yang diawetkan dengan metode rendaman dingin dengan boraks konsentrasi 10%. Tujuan dari penelitian ini ialah untuk mengetahui pengaruh pengawetan kayu terhadap kekuatan lentur balok kayu.Balok kayu direncanakan berukuran 75 mm x 100 mm x 2000 mm dengan variasi 2 tiap jenis benda uji. Balok kayu memiliki perletakan sendi-rol dan diberikan pembebanan terpusat third point loading. Hasil yang diperoleh secara teoritis, balok kayu yang belum diawetkan, yaitu Pmaks=5724,244 kg; tegangan lentur (Fb) = 91,5879 Mpa dan lendutan maksimum (δ)= 58,088 mm. Berdasarkan pengujian di laboratorium, balok kayu 1 sebelum diawetkan (BKU 1) , yaitu Pmaks=3653,6529 kg; Fb = 58,4584 Mpa dan δ = 37,076 mm. Untuk balok kayu 2 sebelum diawetkan (BKU 2), Pmaks=3548,193 kg; Fb = 56,771 Mpa dan δ = 36,006 mm. Sedangkan balok kayu 1 sesudah diawetkan (BKP 1), yaitu Pmaks= 3759,113 kg; Fb = 60,1458 Mpa dan δ = 38,1465 mm. Untuk balok kayu 2 sesudah diawetkan (BKP 2), Pmaks=4286,415 kg; Fb = 68,5826 Mpa dan δ = 43,4974 mm. Pengawetan kayu dengan metode rendaman dingin selama 10 hari meningkatkan kekuatan lentur balok kayu sebesar 11,715 %.
Kata kunci : pengawetan, rendaman dingin, balok kayu struktural, third point loading, kekuatan lentur.
v
ANALYSIS AND EXPERIMENT OF PRESERVED TIMBER BEAM ON THE FLEXURAL STRENGTH
ABSTRACT
Wood is one of the structural materials that has been known to the public. Wood material has a light weight and the process can be done with simple equipment. Timber preservation is an activity to extend the life of wood both chemically and physically. This research uses test specimens of structural-sized logs preserved by cold soak method with borax with concentration of 10%. The purpose of this research is to obtain the effect of wood preservation on the flexural strength of logs. Timber blocks are planned to be 75 mm x 100 mm x 2000 mm with variation of 2 (two number) of each type of specimen. The wooden beam has a roll-joint placement and is given a central loading of third point loading.Theoretically derived results, unpreserved logs, ie Pmax = 5724,244 kg; Bending stress (Fb) = 91.5879 Mpa and maximum deflection (δ) = 58,088 mm. Based on laboratory test, timber 1 before preserved (BKU 1), ie Pmax = 3653,6529 kg; Fb = 58,4584 Mpa and δ = 37,076 mm. For timber beam 2 before preserved (BKU 2), Pmax = 3548,193 kg; Fb = 56.771 Mpa and δ = 36.006 mm. While timber block 1 after preserved (BKP 1), namely Pmax = 3759,113 kg; Fb = 60,1458 Mpa and δ = 38,1465 mm. For timber beam 2 after being preserved (BKP 2), Pmax = 4286,415 kg; Fb = 68,5826 Mpa and δ = 43.4974 mm. Preservation of wood by 10 days of cold soaking method increased the flexural strength of logs by 11.715%.
Keywords : preservation, cold soaking, structural sized beam, third point loading,
flexural strength
