ABSTRACT
FRADIKA OKTAVIANUS BERNADI SIAHAAN: The quality of particle board from waste oil palm trunks and mahogany by gutters bamboo coatings variation.
Supervised by RUDI HARTONO and TITO SUCIPTO.
This research combined mahogany with waste oil palm trunks that were raw material of the particle board. One of the improved quality alternative of particle board was surface coating of particle board. The purpose of this research to evaluate physical and mechanical properties of particle board that made from oil palm trunks and mahogany combination by gutters coating variation and determining the strong wood class from coating variation of gutters bamboos’ lath on the optimal utilization. Coatings treatment variation that were face coating with the outside lath of bamboo, face coating with the inside strip of bamboo, face and back coatings which were with inside and outside lath of bamboo and treatment without coating of gutters bamboos’ lath. Particle board was made sized 25 cm x 25 cm x 1 cm by density target was 0.7 gr/cm3, pressure was 30 kg/cm2 and temperature was 170 oC for 10 minutes. The result of research be compared with SNI 03- 2105-2006. Statistic analysis used single completely randomized design by three times repetitions.The result of research showed that coating variation of gutters bamboos’ lath produced density value was 0.56-0.68 g/cm3, water content was 3.24-4.42%, water absorption on 2 hours submersion was 40.09-78.50% and 24 hours submersion was 53.04-87.15%, improvement of thickness on 2 hours submersion was 9.04-19.17% and 24 hours submersion was 11.88-24.68% ,MOE value 9,975.76-72,900.41 kg/cm2, MOR value 81.64-578.70 kg/cm2 and IB value 0.91-2.59 kg/cm2. Coating variation of gutters bamboo lath significantly affected on all of physical and mechanical particle board that be produced. Physical properties of particle board on this research were density, water content, water absorption, development of thickness and MOE , MOR and IB was mechanical property of particle board. Face and back coating variation by using outside and inside lath of gutters bamboo had fulfilled all of the physical and mechanical SNI 03-2105-2006 standarization and included into III strong wood class. The best treatment was on face and back coating variation that each used inside and outside lath of gutters bamboo.
Key words: gutters bamboo, oil palm trunks, mahogany, particle board, physical and mechanical properties.
ABSTRAK
FRADIKA OKTAVIANUS BERNADI SIAHAAN: Kualitas Papan Partikel dari Limbah Batang Kelapa Sawit dan Mahoni dengan Variasi Pelapis Bilah Bambu Talang. Dibawah bimbingan RUDI HARTONO dan TITO SUCIPTO.
Penelitian ini mengkombinasikan mahoni dengan limbah batang kelapa sawit sebagai bahan baku papan partikel. Salah satu alternatif peningkatan kualitas papan partikel adalah pelapisan permukaan papan partikel. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengevaluasi sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel kombinasi batang kelapa sawit dan mahoni dengan variasi pelapis bilah bambu talang serta menentukan kelas kuat kayu dari variasi pelapis bilah bambu talang dalam penggunaan optimal. Variasi perlakuan pelapis yaitu pelapis face dengan bilah luar bambu, pelapis face dengan bilah dalam bambu, pelapis face dan back
masing-masing dengan bilah dalam dan luar bambu, dan perlakuan tanpa pelapis bilah bambu talang. Papan partikel dibuat berukuran 25 cm x 25 cm x 1 cm dengan target kerapatan 0,7 gr/cm3, tekanan 30 kg/cm2 dan suhu 170°C selama 10 menit. Hasil penelitian dibandingkan dengan SNI 03-2105-2006. Analisis statistik menggunakan rancangan acak lengkap (RAL) tunggal dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa variasi pelapis bilah bambu talang menghasilkan nilai kerapatan sebesar 0,56-0,68 g/cm3, kadar air 3,29-4,42%, daya serap air pada perendaman 2 jam 40,09-78,50%, dan perendaman 24 jam 53,04-87,15%, pengembangan tebal pada perendaman 2 jam 9,04-19,17%, dan perendaman 24 jam 11,88-24,68%, nilai MOE 9.975,76-72.900,41 kg/cm2, nilai MOR 81,64-578,70 kg/cm2 dan nilai IB 0,91-2,59 kg/cm2. Variasi pelapis bilah bambu talang berpengaruh nyata terhadap seluruh sifat fisis dan mekanis papan partikel yang dihasilkan. Sifat fisis papan partikel dalam penelitian ini yaitu kerapatan, kadar air, daya serap air, pengembangan tebal, dan MOE, MOR, serta IB merupakan sifat mekanis papan partikel. Variasi pelapis face dan back dengan menggunakan bilah dalam dan luar bambu talang telah memenuhi seluruh standar sifat fisis dan mekanis SNI 03-2105-2006 dan termasuk pada kelas kuat kayu III. Perlakuan terbaik adalah pada variasi pelapis face dan back dengan masing-masing menggunakan bagian dalam dan luar bilah bambu talang.
Kata kunci: bambu talang, batang kelapa sawit, mahoni, papan partikel, sifat fisis dan mekanis.
