English For Academic Writing.

l:ir:

PUBI-,ISHED

BY:

'olt

otr, _0o'd4r4l4

Editors Policy Editorial

10

I

19

1.

Ni

Made AYu

Widiastuti

:

THE, SUBTITLE,S OF

FILLER

SOLINDS IN

JsoFu

_{THE FIRST:}

A ROYAL

MESS"

I

Nengah

SudiPa

--,nr.-nr^

ENCi-iSg

TON

NCNDEMIC WzuTING

Sang AYu Isnu

Maharani

:

THE DE,VE,LOPMENT OF SCREEN

TRANSLATION

Ni Made Arnita

Yanti

PROCEDURE, OF TNANST-ETION ON

MALIN

KTINDANG'S

TOTTTNTE, FROM WEST

SUMATRA

I

Gede Pariasa :

INTERFERENCE

TN

API

MAGAZINE*T

€

.

."

fi'Y>',

AND

ITS

NE,GATIVE E,FFECTS

6.

I

Made

Sena

Darmasetiyawan

'

--

.

-,^

^^rrrn\.rrr-TRANSLATToN EquIVALENCE

AND

CONTEXT

CONSIDERATION

IN GOOGLE ...""

7.

I

Gusti

Agung

Sri

Rwa

JaVan-t!{

:

TRAN SLATTCIN NNO

TAi{CUAGE

DEVELOPMENT :

THE, SYNERGY BE,TWEEN

TIEOiOAY'

POLICY AND

CONSISTENCY

""""

8.

I

Gede Budiasa

CURRENT

INDONESIAN VERBAL

GROUP

STRUCTURES

IN A

SHORT STORY

s-

LYiiT#X,1*Ji*ouAGE

FEAT'RES rN

,rLE'

By

EUGE\'NE

.'NEIL

....

10. Ni Kadek

Risda

APriantika Dewi

TRANSLATTON PiiOCEDURES OF

BILINGUAL

TEXTS IN

BBC INDONESIA NEWS

11.

I

NYoman UdaYana

APPLICATI#coNsTnuCTIONSINMOUNTAINBALINESE

iNVIT,4TIDN

FOR-

WRjTI

Nq

ART1CLE (S) 4.

51

69

81

91

iv Lingual: Journal of

r-I

BNOI,I$H

ION

AIAIIIIITIT

WRITII{G

?

?k.qal

Sad44

nengahsudiPa@Yahoo'co'id

ARSTRACT

Theairnofthiswritingistowicleninsightforthosefu.arestill

facing

problems

in

appropri"l"i:t

"ft"*iig F"'

lexicons'

expressions and language styles

for

acaclemi*

*iit-g.

Thii"includes

Presenting

arguments'

Talking

figure,

words

ur"d

ior

Jxplaining, reinforcing, exempliffing'

categoiizing and structuring the text'

Key words : appropriate' academic' lexicons

I.INTRODUCTION

Writingacademicallyisacompulsory-iftheywanttobesuccessful.foreach

students

in this

Department. They are expected to rvrite report,

assignment and

final

paper as

the

partial fulfillments of this

pfogram' Since they have

fully

errgaged

to

attend lectures' do

administration oonditions ancl

they

<1o

not have

adequate

time

to

recognize themselves'

especially rvhat thcy have already obtained

academically

since then'

when

I

asked some

of

thern

to write

a resume about a chapter

in Applied l-inguistics'

it

tums out

that

apart

liom

being unable

to

u,rite

in

coherence and cohesive manner'

t[ey

lack

of

knowledge

of

lexicon

which

can be used to rvrite academically.

In

order

to

give more insight, especially

for

those

who

are

still

tacing

problems,

how

to

choose

the

appropriate lexicons, expressions

and

lzurguage stylc are the reasons

why

this article lvas composed'

II.

MATERTALS AND METHOT)

The references are

from

oxford

Dictionary'

English

vocabulary in use

and others'

Such topics

ale

arranged accordingly. ,

The

Dictionary,

informs

in

detail about (a)

word

spelling:(b)phonetictranscription;(c)lexicalmeaning;(d)contextualmeaning;(e)word-class;

(f

collocation;

(g)

register;

(h)

related u'ords and

(i)

examples' Vocabulary (lrlation'

2002:3)states that there are

four

strands

in

learning vocabulary, namely

(a) meaning focused

input;(b)languagefocusedlearning;(c)meaningfocusedoutputand(d)fluency

development. vocabulary

in

Use (lr4ccarthy'

et

al'

2a04:4) state that using vocabulary is not

7

IU Lingual:

Journal of Language and Culture lNumber

r

rnly

memorizing the

meaning,

but

the

following

must be also taken

into

account' The

follorvings

include

: we

must

leam many collocations, understand the more subtle features

(forrnal vs.

informal),

comprehend ones having negative and positive connotations' and how

they fi.rnction as metaphors and so on'

The items dealing

with

academic English were intensively

The acade;nic vocabulary and structures are

scientifically

selected

in

such a way that

it

reflects scientifically

writing'

read and comPrehended. and fu rtherrnore arranged

III.

DISCUSSION

3.1 Presenting arguments and commenting on

others'work

Advocate, (VERB)

to

supporl something

publicly

: The group does

not

advocate the

use

of

vioience;

Many

experts advocate rewarding

your child for

good behavior; the report advocatec that all buildings be fitted

with

smoke detector (Hornby,2003:19)

Ambiguous, (Adj) that

can be understood

in

more than one

way; having

different

meanings: Her account was deliberately ambiguous (Hornby' 2003:36)

Authoritative,

(adj)-

shorving

that you

expect pecple

to

obey and respect

you:

an

authoritative

tone

of voice, ...that you

can trust and respect as true and

correct:

the most

authoritative

and up-to-date book on the subject. (Hornby,

2rJB:69)

Coherent,

(Adj)-

logical and well-orgarized., easy to urlderstand and clear: This essay

must

be coherent;

Q.{)

coherence: ycur

writing is

flure,

but

lacks

of

coherence (I{ornby, 1003:230)

complement,

(vERB) to

add

to

something

in

a

way that

improves

it

or

makes

it

more attractive: the excellent menu

is

complemented

by

a good

wine list;

the team needs players

lvho

complement each other; (NOLIN)

we've

taken our

full

complement

of

trainees

this year;(Hornby, 2AA3 :24 6)

comprehensive,

(Adj)

-

including

all,

or

almost

all,

the

items, details,

facts,

infcrmation, etc. that may bs concerned : a comprehensive study; a comprehensive Survey>

etc. (Hornby, 2AA3 :248)

Deduce,

(Verb)

to form

zur

opinion

about something based

on the information

or

evidence that is available : we can deduce a

lot

from what people spend their money on; (N)

deduc.tion (HombY, 2003 :327)

Empiricat, (Adj)

based on the experiments

&

experience rather than ideas or theories

: an

empirical

studyian empirical evidence (Hornby' 2003:410)

Infer,

(VERB) to

reach an

opinion or

decide

that

something

is

true on the basis

of

information

thal

is available:

Much of

the meaning must be

inferred from

the context;

it

is

reasonable

to

infer

that the government knelv about these

deals; inference [N),

somethi'ng that -vou can

find

out indirectly from rvhat you alread.v kno'w: In this

resear:ch'

it

can be drawn

or macle inference from the qualitative data (Flornby '2003:664)

3.2

Talking

atrout

figures

and processes

Artlitrary,(Adj)-notseemingtobebasedonareason,systemorplan,and

sometimes seeming unf air : The choice of players for the team seemed

completely

arbitrary;

he makes unpredictable,

arbitrary

decision (Homby, 2003:5 1.52)

Deviate, (Verb)

to

be different from

something'

to

do

something

differently from

what

is

usual

or

expected

:

The bus had

to

deviate

from its

usual route because

of

a road

closure (HornbY, 2003 :344-3 45)

Distort,

(Verb). to

change he shape, appearance

or

sound

of

something so that

it

is

strange

or

not

cleai

:

The

louclspeaker seemed

to

distort his

voice;

(N)

distortion

:

Newspaper are otlen

guilty

of

tmth-distortion

(Hornby' 2003:355)

Incidence,Qrloun)-theextenttowhichsomethinghappensorhasaneffect:anarea

with

a

high

incidence

of

crime/disease;

incident

0.D

.-

something that happens, especially

something unusual

or

unpleasant:

is

bad behavior was

just

an isolated

incident

(Hornby'

2003:655)

In

Sequence, come one

after

another

in

order

way'

sequence'

(N) a

set

of

events'

actions, numbers. etc. which have a particular order and lvhich lead

to

a particular result : He

describe<ithesequcnceofeventsieadinguptotherobbery(Hornby,2003:1166)

Predominant,(Adj)mostobviousornoticeabie:Yellowisthepredominantcolot'in

thatpicfure;havingmorepowerorinfluencethanothers:awayofthinkingisthatis

predominant

in moclem social

life

(Hornby'2A03:993)

widespread

outbreaks,:

wide

spread (adj) existing or happening over a large

area

olamongmanypeople:Tlreplanreceivedwidespreadsupportthroughoutthecountry

(2003:

14g0): outbreak, cD

the sudden start of something unpleasant,

especially violence or

a disease :

outbreak

of

rain is expected

in

the afternoon'

(Hornby' 2003:898)

12 Lingual: Journo!

I

J.3

words

used instead of

more

everyday rvords

in

academic context

Appendinsteadofadd,toaddsomethingtotheendofapieceofwriting:footnotes

have been appended to the document

(I{omby'

2003:48)

Conceive instead

of

thintri

up,:

to form

an

idea'

a plan- etc'

in your mind to

image

something: He can conceive the idea of transforming the old porver station into

an art centre;

Godisoftcnconceivedasinaie(Honrby,2aa3:252)

contradict

instead

of

go against,

to

say that something that sornebody else has said

it

is

rvrong. and that

the

opposite

is true: all the

seminar participants

contradicted what

the

' _{speaker said;}

(of

_statement. piece

of

evi<lence)

to

be so different

from

each other that one

of

them must

be

u,rong:

the

,'vo

arguments

contradictcd each other,

(1r1)

contradiction

(FIornbY. 2003:269)

convene

instead of meet, to arrange for people to come together

for

a formal

meeting

: the Committee

will

convene at 11.00 at University convention F{all (HornbV' 28A3:271) T.he converse instead

of

the opposite,

(1) to

have convcrsation

with

somebody; (2)

theoppositeorI{EVFIRSE,ofthel'actorstatement:Buildingnervroadsincreascstrafficand

the

converse

is

equally

tnie:

reciucing

the

number

of

and size

of

roads means

less-traffic'

(HornbY, 2003:272)

crucial

insteacl

of very impofiant,

extremely important' because

it

will

affect other

things

:

writing

an Intemational Journal article is nowadays

crucial

lbr

doctorate candidate

in

Indonesia; This academic English is so

crucial

that every graduate must know

it'

(Homby'

2003:302)

Demonstrate insteatl

of

show,

to

show something clearly

by

giving

proof

or evidence

: This result demonstrated convincingly that our decision is true.

(Hoqrby, 2003:334)

I)enote

instead of be a sign of, stand

for-

to be a sign of something to

INDICATE

:

A

veryhightemperatureoftendenotesaseriousillness;theredtriangledenotesdanger

(HornbY, 2003:335)

FurthermoreinsteadofThen,Next,(Adv)inaddiLiontowhathasjustbeenstated"

Itisusedespeciallytoaddapointtoanargument:Hesaidhehadnotdiscussedthematter

withher, furthermore

he had not even contacted her (Hornby' 2003:524)'

HoweverinsteadofBut,(adv)_usedlvithanadjectir,coradverbtomean.to

whateverdegree:I{ewantedtotakenorisks,howeversmall,rvethoughtthefigureswere

correct, hoE.ever u,c have norv discovered some

erors

(Hornby' 2003:633)

Lingual: Journal of Languaqe and Culture lNumber :02lMay 2014

1

i

V

il

Likewise

instead

of similarly, in

the manner

or

direction

of

LIKE:

it

is likewise

the

result, the evidence

will

be thoroughly reviewed (Hornby, 2003:i485

-

rvise)

Negate instead of make useless, wipe out,

to

stop something from having any effect :

Alcohol

negates the effects of drug (Horny,2003:852)

Notwithstanding

instead of despite this, (Prep)- r,vithout being affected by something,

in

spite

of

something

: Notwithstanding

some major financial problems, the school

has

a

successful year; the bad rveather,

notwithstanding,

the event was

a

great success;

(Adv)-however,

nevertheless

:

Notwithstanding,

the

problem

is a

significant

one

(Hornby, 2003:867)

only,

merely

instead

of Just (merety:Adv)-

used

meaning'ONLY' or'SIMPLY'

to

emphas ize

a

facl

or

something that

you

are saying

:

it

is not merely

a

job'

but

a r'vay

of

life: I

am

merely

stating what everybody knows anyway (Hornby, 2003:801)

Perceive

instead

of

See,

to

notice

or

become awale

of

something

:

I

perceived

a change in his behavior (Hombv, 200-a:938)

Rcside instead

of lie, live, to live in

a particular place: He returned

to

Bali in2013,

having resided in Australia for many years _lHornby, 2003:1 086)

Obtain

instead of Get (Verb)- to get something . especially by making an

effort

:

"

in

order

to

obtain

the valid data,

,

-...";

I

finaliy

managed

to

obtain

a

copy

of

the

report

(Ilornby,

2003:875)

Require

instead

of

Need, (Verb-not usrially gse<l irr the progressive tenses)

to

need

something;

to

depend

on

somebody/something

:

The

data

for

such research are

required

from other sources; this condition requires urgent treatment (Hornby, 2003:1084)

Somen,hat instead of rather,

(Adv)

to some degree; rather : I was somewhat surprised

to

see

him;

The situation has changed somewhat since we last mef; what happened

to

them temains somewhat of a mystery

(I{ornby,

2003:1231)

Thereby

instead

of in

this

way, (Adv)-

used

to

introduce the result

of

the action or

situation mentioned: Regular exercise strengthens

the

heart,

thereby

reducing

the

risk of

heart attack (HornbY _,2003:1347)

Therefore

instead

of

So, (adv) used

to

the

iogical

resuit

of

something that has

just

been menticned

:

He is only

17 and

therefore

not eligible to vote;

there

is still

much to discuss, we shall,

therefore

return to to this item at our next meeting (Hornby, 2003:1347)

Trigger

instead

of

cause,

(verb)

to

make something happen suddenly

:

NUG

can

trigger off

a violent allergic reaction (Hornby, 2003 1388)

I

v

Utilize

instead

of

use,

to

use

something, especially

for

a

practical

purpose: The

Romans rvere the first to

utilize

concrete as a building

materials; utilization

(N). . .. (Hornbv,

2003:1433)

Whereby

instead

of

by

which

(method),

by

w-hich, because

of

which: They

have

introduced

a new

system

whereby

a1i employees must undergo regular

training

(Hornby,

2003:1414)

3.4

Explainin

g, reinforcin g, exemplifyin g

Repeated, restated,

(Verb) to

say or

write

something gain or more than once :

I

am

sorry, could

you

repeat that?

;

she kept

repeating

his name

softly

over and over (Hornby,

2003:1 080)

A

perfect

example

of, perfect (Adj)-

having everything that is necessary; complcte

and without faults or weaknesses: . . .

in

perfect condition

(Ilornby,

2003:939)

Developed, (verb)- gradually

grow

or become bigger, more advanced, stronger, etc.:

The place has rapidly developed fron-r a

fishing

community

into

a

thriving

tourist resort; he developeci the company from nothing

(I{ornby,

2003:344)

Proposed

fferb)

to

suggest a pian, an idea, etc

for

people

to think

about and decide

on : The goverrlment

proposcd

changes to the voting systern (Hornby, 2003: 1 017)

Emphasize (verb)-

to

give special importance

to

something : FIis speech emphasized the importance of attracting rndustry totc town (Hornby, 2003:410)

Suggested as a basic fact, principle (Verb)

-

suggested (Verb)- to put forward an idea

or a plan

for

otherpeople to

think

about : The result of the research suggested

that

...;

It

is

suggcsted

that every

research

finding must be intemationally publicized. (I{omby,

2003:1301)

Explain, find

the cause.

explain

(Verb)

-

to

tell

somebody about something

in

a way that makes

it

easier

to

understand

:

It

is difficult to explain

the problem

for

the beginners

(iJornby, 2003:440)

3.5

Categorizing

and

including

Comprised

-

made up (Vcrb)

-

to have somebody/something a^s parts or members, to

consist

of

somebody/something

:

The committee

is comprised of

representative

from

both

the public and private sectors (Hornby, 2003:249)

I

l.

i

V

il

Subsume,

fferb)

(usually passive)-to include something

in

a particular group and not consider

it

separately :

All

these different phenomena can be subsumed under

just

two broad

categories (I{ornby, 2003 :

i298)

Embrace,

fferb)

to

accept an idea _{, a} proposal, a set of belief, etc' especiaily when

it

is

done

with

enthusiasm:

it

is

unlikely that

such countries

will

embrace capitalist

ideas (Hornby, 2003:408)

Categorize,

fy'erb)- to

put people or things

into

groups according

to

what type they

are : Participants were categorized according

to

age and sex (Flornby' 2003:184)

3.6

Structuring

the

text

Examples

I

should like to preface my argument

with

a true story

Drawing conclusion Function in text

Beginning

I

shall

return

to ttris point later in my essay

Thtt

btt"g.

tt"/*t

t"

*y

next area

of

discussion, which is

ffi

address

the

question

of

the

arms

Mapping out the text Connecting points

tft"

*gu*ents

are presented

in

ascending

/descending

order

of importance Ordering points

ffi

writers

will

be cited

in

support

of

the

Quoting/relerring

lncluding/excluding materials

-

Th.

t

xt

alludes

to

several themes that need closer

beyond

the

in this

short

big question examination

-

Discussion

of

the roots

scope

of

this essaY

-

It

is

impossible

to

deal

essay

- There

will

onlY be sPace

of

political

responsibilitY

of

the problems is

with all

the issues

to

touch uPon

the

ffi.tud*

that

unemployment

will

always be

with

us

16 Lingual: Journal of Language and CulturelNumber

fV.

CONCLUSION

vocabulary and structure

of

academic

English

play stimulating and integrating role

in

grving more insight in

writing

scientifically. The uses of different forrn of lexicon or structure

do not cause the grammatical mistakes, however

it

will

give different nuance of using them

in

academic d66ain s appropriatelY'

RBFERENCES

Hornby,

AS.

1987.

odord

Advanced

Learrrcrs'

Dictionaty

of

current

English'

C)xford: Oxford UniversitY Press

Kalidjernih,

Freddy

K.

2010. Penulisan Akndemik

:

Esai' Makalah

Artikel iurnal

Ilmiah,

Slo'ipsi, Tesis, Disettasi'Bandung:

Widya

Aksara Press'

McCarthy, Michael

and

Felicity

o'Dell' 200i'

English vocabulary

in

Use:

upper-intermediate. Oxford : Oxford University Press

McCarthy,MicliaelandFelicityo'Deli.2002'b'nglishvocabularyinuse:advanced'

Oxford: Oxford UniversitY Press

McCarthy,

Michael

and Felicity

o'Dell-

2904' English vocabulary

in

use:

Elementary. Oxford: Oxford

Universiy

Press

Nation, paul.

2002.

Managing Vocabulary Leaming. Singapore : SEAMEO Regional

Language Centre

Leech.

1985.

A

ComPrehensive

Quirk, Randolp;

Sydney Greenbaum;

Starvit

and

Grammar of the English Language' London:Longman

Redman,Stuart.2003'EnglishVocabularyinUse:Pre-interrrrediate&intermediate.

Oxford: Oxford UniveritY Press'

Saukah,Ali.BahasalnggrisdalamPenulisanArtikeldiJurnallnternasional.Bahan

Lokakarya di ISI Denpasar, 9 Desember 2011'

sudipa,

I

Nengah.

2012. Buhasa

Inggris pada Abstrak Jurnal

llmiah'

Denpasar :

Udayana UniversitY Presss.

ZtfudausAdnan,SPd,MA,Phd.DanDra.Indrawati.2009.MerebuthatiAudiens

Internasional: Strategi Jitu Meraih Publikasi di Jurnal llmiah.Jakarta:

MLI

Pedoman Penulisan Karya lmiah,2000' Pedoman Penulisan

Karya

llmiah'Depdiknas:

Universitas Ne geri Malang

surat Edaran

Dirjen

Dildi, No.

i52lElrl2012,

tertanggal

27

lanvati

2012' tentang Pubhkasi karya Ilmiah bagi mhs S1'S2 dan 53'

18 Lingua!: Journal