TABLE OF CONTENTS
PAGE OF APPROVAL ... i
DECLARATION ... ii
PREFACE ... iii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ... iv
ABSTRACT ... v
TABLE OF CONTENTS ... vi
LIST OF TABLES ... ix
LIST OF FIGURES ...x
LIST OF APPENDICES ... xi
CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION ... 1
1.1. Background of the Study ... 1
1.2. Statement of the Problem ... 3
1.3. Aim of the Study ... 3
1.4. Scope of the Study ... 3
1.5. Significance of the Study ... 4
1.6. Research Methodology... 4
1.6.1. Research Design ... 4
1.6.2. Research Participants...5
1.6.3. Data Collection ... 5
1.6.4. Instrument ... 5
1.6.5. Data Analysis...6
1.7. Clarification of Terms ... 7
1.8. Organization of the Paper ... 7
CHAPTER II: LITERATURE REVIEW ... 9
2.1. Grammar ... 9
2.1.1. Definition and Elements of Grammar ... 9
2.1.2. The Importance of Grammar...12
Vera Triana Wijaya, 2014
Analisis Kesalahan Tata Bahasa Pada Tulisan Esai Argumentasi Mahasiswa Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
2.3. Sources of Errors ... 18
2.4. Types of Grammatical Errors ... 19
2.5. Writing... 29
2.5.1. Definition of Writing ... 29
2.6. Argumentative Essay ... 31
2.6.1. Linguistic Features of Argumentative Essay ... 31
CHAPTER III: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY ... 33
3.1. Formulation of Problem ... 33
3.2. Research Method ... 33
3.2.1. Research Design ... 33
3.3. Data Collection... 34
3.3.1. Research Participants ... 34
3.3.2. Instrument...34
3.4. Research Procedure ... 35
3.4.1. Collection of Students' Essays...35
3.4.2. Multiple-choice Test...35
3.4.3. Interview...35
3.5. Trustworthiness ... 36
3.6. Data Analysis...37
3.6.1. Analysis of Students' Essays...36
3.6.2. Analysis of Students' Multiple-choice Test...36
3.6.3. Analysis of Students' Interview...36
3.7. Validity...38
3.8. Reliability...39
CHAPTER IV: FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION ... 40
4.1. Findings ... 40
4.1.1. Types of Grammatical Errors Found in Students’ Argumentative Essays ... 40
4.2.3. Data Analysis from the Interview ... 52
4.2. Discussions...57
CHAPTER V: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION ... 60
5.1. Conclusion ... 60
5.2. Recommendation... 61
Vera Triana Wijaya, 2014
Analisis Kesalahan Tata Bahasa Pada Tulisan Esai Argumentasi Mahasiswa Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF TABLES
Table 2.1 ESL Writing Error Categories. ...20
Table 2.2 Larger Error Categories ...21
Table 2.3 Common Helping Verbs ...22
Table 2.4 Pronoun Categories...29
Table 4.1 Types of Grammatical Errors in Students’ Argumentative Essays...40
Table 4.2 Errors in Articles/Determiners...41
Table 4.3 Errors in Subject-verb Agreement...43
Table 4.4 Errors in Noun...44
Table 4.5 Errors in Sentence Structure...46
Table 4.6 Errors in Word Choice...48
Table 4.7 Errors in Pronouns...49
LIST OF FIGURES
Vera Triana Wijaya, 2014
Analisis Kesalahan Tata Bahasa Pada Tulisan Esai Argumentasi Mahasiswa Universitas Pendidikan Indonesia | repository.upi.edu | perpustakaan.upi.edu
LIST OF APPENDICES
Appendix A: Instructions for Writing the Essay Appendix B: Students’ Argumentative Essays
