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N A U J U T E S R E P N A A T A Y N R E P R A B M E L
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D E L W O N K C
A GEMENTS
, t s ri
F Iwould ilket oexpres smygreates tgrattiudet otheAlmightyGod, Ida a
s a W i h d i W g n a y H g n a
S , fo rblessing met o reach t hecompleiton oft hist hesis . t
s e r e c n i s y
M grattiude also expressed for my adviso rN iLuh Putu Rosiandani , .
m u H . M , S .
S f orhe ritme ,guidance ,help,s uppo tr ,andadvice tohelpmei mprove s
i h
t thesis .Fu trhermore , Iwould ilket ot hankDra .A .B .Sr iMulyani ,M.A,.Ph.D. o
c y m s
a -adviso rfo rgiving he r itme to read and give correciton fo rmy bette r s
i s e h
t . Iwould also ilkedeilve rmy deep t hankst o Dra .B .Ria Lestair ,M.S .fo r .s
s e c o r p g n i y d u t s y m t u o h g u o r h t s n r e c n o c t a e r g r e
h Moreover , my grea t
n o it a i c e r p p
a also goest oal llecturer sand t hesecretaira to fFacutlyo fLettersf o r d
n a e g d e l w o n k e l b a u l a v e m g n i v i
g assistancedu irngmys tudy .
t a e r g r i e h t r o f y li m a f y m o t d e t a c i d e d e r a s k n a h t d n a e d u ti t a r g t s e m r a w y M
. e r a c d n a , tr o p p u s , s r e y a r p , e v o
l My thank salso go to al lfirend sin Facutly o f . s e ir o m e m e l b a ri m d a d n a s e c n e ir e p x e l a i c if e n e b s s e lt n u o c n e v i g e v a h o h w s r e tt e L
Ithank to my firend sin Dictato rTeam :Theo ,Li ,We ,Bryan ,Richard ,Indra , o
t n A d n a , a y U , u d n a
P . Ialso t hank t o my beloved firends :Mov ,Bea ,Pak Heir , k
a b
M Ninik ,andmanyotherst ha t Icanno tmenitononebyone .Thankyouf o ral l .s
r a e y r u o f t s a l e h t n i s t n e m o m e l b a tt e g r o f n u e h
t Finally , Ialso givemy grattiude
r o
f Wawan and Nu ir who have suppo tred me i n accompilshing t hi sthesis .May .l
l a m e h t s s e l b d o G
ii v
S T N E T N O C F O E L B A T
E G A P E L T I
T .................................................................................................. i .... E
G A P L A V O R P P
A ........................................................................................... ii E
G A P E C N A T P E C C
A ..................................................................................... iii T
N E M E T A T
S OFORIGINALITY ................................................................. vi R
A B M E
L PERNYATAANPUBLIKASI ............................................................ v S
T N E M E G D E L W O N K C
A .............................................................................. iv S
T N E T N O C F O E L B A
T ................................................................................. v ii T
C A R T S B
A .................................................................................................. x....i K
A R T S B
A ........................................................................................................... x
: I R E T P A H
C INTRODUCTION .................................................................. 1 .... .
A Backgroundoft heStudy... 1 .
B ProblemFormulaiton ... 5 .. .
C Objecitve soft heStudy ... 5 .
D Deifniitono fTerms ... 6 .... W
E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T : I I R E T P A H
C ...................................................... 7 .
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies ... 7 .
B Reviewo fRelatedTheo ires ... 9 .
1 TheoryonMemori ... 9 .
2 TheoryonAbuse ... 01 .
a Types fo Abuse ... 11 .i Physica lAbuse ... 11
.i
i Sexua lAbuse ... 11 .i
ii Emo itona lAbuse ... 21 .
v
i Verba lAbuse ... 31 .
v Neglect ... 4....1 .
b Thei mpac to fabuseonpersonaltiy ... 41 .
3 Theoryo fPersonaltiyDevelopment ... 5....1 .
a StageI V:I ndusrtyversusI nfe irortiy ... 71 .
b StageV:I denttiyversu sConfusion ... 71 .
4 TheRelaitonbetweenLtieratureandPsychology... 81 .
C Theoreitca lFramework ... 91
Y G O L O D O H T E M : I I I R E T P A H
C ................................................................ 12 .
A Objec toft heStudy ... 21 .... .
B Approachoft heStudy ... 22 .
ii i v S
I S Y L A N A : V I R E T P A H
C ............................................................................ 25 .
A TheDescirpitonofJ ayceeDugard... 52 .
1 Beforebeingkidnapped ... 82 .
a S hy ... 82 .
b Tenacious ... 92 .
c Vibrant ... 03 .
2 Du irngbeingkidnapped ... 30 .
a Submissive ... 1..3 .
b Fearf uloft heoutsidewo lrd ... 23 .
c Nervous ... 33 .
d Dependent ... 5....3 .
e L flows -e esteem ... 63 .f Helpless... 73
.
g AfraidandSad... 93 .
h Lonely ... 04 .
3 A tfe rbeingf reed ... 14 .
a Awkward ... 24 .
b Lonely ... 34 .
c Anxiou sandTraumaitc... 34 .
B Kind so fAbuse sExpe irencedbyJ ayceeDugard... 44 .
1 Physica lAbuse... 4....4 .
2 Sexua lAbuse ... 54 .
3 Emo itona lAbuse ... 84 .
4 Verba lAbuse ... 15 .
5 Neglect... 35 .
C TheI mpac to fAbuse sonJ ayceeDugard’ sPersonaltiy t
n e m p o l e v e
D ... 45 N
O I S U L C N O C : V R E T P A H
C ... 06 Y
H P A R G O I L B I
B ... 36 F
O Y R A M M U S E H T : X I D N E P P
1 I R E T P A H C
N O I T C U D O R T N I
.
A Backgroundoft heStudy
Therearemanyl tierary work sbased o npeople’ lr eea l fi and expeirences .
y e h
T are catego irzed a snon-ifciton work ssuch a sbiography ,autobiography ,
y r a i
d ro journal ,andmemori .Int hiss tudy,t hewrtie ruse samemo ria sas ourceo f
y d u t
s .Abramsi n A Glossaryo fLtieraryTermsexplainst ha tmemorii sdfiferen t m
o r
f theothe rnon- ifcitonwork sbecauset heemphasi so famemorii sno ton t he
o l e v e d s ’ r o h t u
a pings el fbu tont hepeopleandeventst hatt heautho rha sknowno r
d e s s e n ti
w (1999: )2 . 2 I tcan be said that t he focu so famemori i son t he event s
e h t h ti w d e t a l e r e r a t a h
t author’spersona lexpeirence .Kuiper i n Prose :Ltierary s
t p e c n o C d n a s m r e
T addss omei nformaitonabou tmemori .Heexplains e
z i s a h p m e y ll a u s u t a h t s e i h p a r g o i b o t u
A wha ti sremembered rathe rthan o
h
w i s remembeirng are known a s memoris . The author , instead fo i
w s l a e d , e fi l s i h g n it n u o c e
r th those expeirence so fhi slfie ,people and s
t n e v
e ath theconsider smosts igniifcant( 2012:192). ri
o m e m
A si na author’ snon ifciton-sel fw iritng t ha trepresent saporrtai t
n a m u h f
o expe irences . tI i sone o fcommunicaiton toolsi n telilng o rshairng the
f o m u i d e m e h t h g u o r h t y ti l a e r n o d e s a b s e c n e ir e p x e e fi l s ’ r o h t u
a w iritng .The
s r o h t u
a make i tinto a story such as nostalgia ,spritiua ljourney ,surviva ,l war ,
l e v a
rt ,abduciton ,and many others, i n which al lof t hem are ilnked wtih human
. y ti l a n o s r e p r i e h t d n a s e c n e ir e p x
e People can learn a lo to flfie values ,lfie
, s e ir o t s i
s r o h t u
a ’ personaltiyt ha tdevelop sast her esul to fthei rexpeirence scanbeseeni n
e h
t storytheyw irt e.
Personaltiyi st hedynamicorganizaiton o fcharacteirsitcattirbutesl eading
( s l a u d i v i d n i r e h t o m o r f l a u d i v i d n i e n o g n i h s i u g n it s i d d n a r o i v a h e b o
t Kailsh,
: 3 7 9
1 52) .Personaltiy ha sa dynamic characterisitc in which human’ sthought ,
s e c n e ir e p x e d n a , r o i v a h e
b wli lleadt hemi ntoadevelopmen toft hei rpersonailites
t a h
t make seach person dfiferen tfrom the othe rperson. Ferrara say stha ti ti s
y lr a l u c it r a p , n a p s e fi l e h t s s o r c a t n e m p o l e v e d y ti l a n o s r e p d n a t s r e d n u o t t n a tr o p m i
r e n n a m l a s r e v i n u t e y e u q i n u a n i e g a t s l a t n e m p o l e v e d h c a e t c a p m i y a m e s u b a w o h
.) 4 3 1 : 2 0 0 2
( Human i sconstanlty changingduet o somef actorsand t hosef actor s
y ti l a n o s r e p e h t t c e f f
a .Oneoft hefactorsi sabuse.
Abusei smalrteatmen,ti njury ,o rneglectt ha tcant akemanyf orm .s I tcan
( e r u t a n n i l a u x e s r o , l a n o it o m e , l a c i s y h p e
b Wlison e ta.l ,1996 :544) .Abuse
r u c c
o s anywhere and anyitme . I t c an happen to anyone regardles s o f age ,
l a n o it a c u d e , s u t a t s c i m o n o c
e background ,ethnic ,gende,rr ace,r eilgion ,ands ocia l
. s s a l
c Hun tsayst ha tal labusivebehaviors comef romt hosewtihhardenedheatr s
) 0 1 3 : 0 1 0 2 ( l o rt n o c d n a , e c r e o c , h s i n u p o t t n a w o h
w .Abusei sconductedt o gain
l o rt n o c n i a t n i a m d n
a ove r someone . Abusers use threat , initmidaiton , and
n o it a l u p i n a
m to weaken, t hreaten ,conrtol ,punish and hu tr t he vicitms and keep
r e d n u m e h
t the abusers’ conrtol .Some example so fabuse expeirenced by the
m it c i
v s arephysica labuse ,sexua labuse,emoitona labuse ,and verba labuse .The
y a m s m it c i
fl e s w o
l -esteem ,helpless ,anxiety , rtaumaitc ,and many other sthat affec tthe
ri e h t f o t n e m p o l e v e
d personaltiy.
ll e t t a h t s ri o m e m e h t f o e n
O s abou tone’ sexpe irenceo fbeingabusedtha t
s a
h very bad impacts to one’s personaltiy developmen ti sA Stolen Lfie tha ti s .
d r a g u D e e c y a J y b n e tt ir
w She i sboth the autho rand the main characte rin the
. ri o m e
m Abusei svery visiblei nthi sstory becauses hewrtiesin detalit heabuse s
s h aeh s expeirencedf 8or1 yearst ha tmake rh e lfiedfiferen tfrommos tpeoplei n
, l a r e n e
g conside irnghow hardf o rhert o t el lhe rbadexpeirence .s I enh r memori ,
d r a g u
D inse trs arelfeciton ta theend o feach chapter tt ha reveal swha tshet hink s
s l e e f e h s w o h r
o now a san adul tlooking back on the stiuaiton when she wa s
d e p p a n d i
k ,such ast elilng he rwayt of reeherseflf rom t hef ea rshefeels ,he rpas t
d n a y li m a f r e h h ti w e fi
l the detai lo fhe rexpeirences o fbad rteatment and t he
t c a p m
i s no hersel .f Intheauthor’ snote ,Dugardwrtiesabou the rattempttoshare
e c n e ir e p x e r e
h s topeople .Shestatestha therbookm aybeconfusingt os ome .S he
k n i h
t s to rtuly begin t o understand what i ti s ilke ,thereaderswould have had t o
e h s e c n i s d n a , e r e h t e
b wishe stha tonnoone ,h erbook i sh erattempts to convey
n o i s u f n o c g n i m l e h w r e v o e h
t s hefeelsdu irngt hoseyear sand t obegint o unrave l
t a h t e g a m a d e h
t i s done to h er and he rfamliy .She doe snot wan tto lose tha t
s a h e h s e r o f e r e h t d n a , e c i o
v wirtten h erbook how i tco em s to h er naturally .She
i s y a s o s l
a fther eaderswan tal es sconfusingstory, theyshouldcomeback t ohe r
e h s n e h w e s a e l e r r e h m o r f s r a e y n e t n
i trso si tal lout (pagexv .)
t s o m l a r o f n o it c u d b a e h t m o r f e v i v r u s n a c o h w n a m o w g n o rt s a s i d r a g u D
t u o b a s ll e t e h S . s e d a c e d o w
o h d r a g u
D pest o convey t ha tpeoplecanendureanyt ough stiuaiton sand survive .
e h s t a h t s y a s e h
S decides to wrtie t he book fo rtwo reasons .One reason i sshe
t n a
w sPh liilp Garirdo ,the m an who kidnapped and abused he rfo r18 year ,s to
e h s t a h t w o n
k no longe rh as to keep hi ssecre tbecause he i smos tcetrainly
e l b i s n o p s e
r fo rsteailngherl fieand t hel fiesheshould havehad wtihh erfamliy .
e s y a s e h
S veryoneshouldknowexacltywha theand hi swfieNancya redoingal l
s o s l a d n a d r a y k c a b r i e h t n i s r a e y e s e h
t he should no tbe ashamed fo rwha t
o t d e n e p p a
h her .The second reason i sshe hope she rw iritng wli lbe o fhelp to
e l p o e
p inf acing adfiifcul tstiuaiton oft hei rown .H ergoali st oi nspriepeoplet o
g n i h t e m o s t a h t e e s y e h t n e h w t u o k a e p
s i sno tqutie irgh taroundt hem( .p 1-2). S he
s e p o
h people topaymoreattenitonandmorer esponsive fit heyseesrtanget hing s
o t r e d r o n i t n e m n o ri v n e r i e h t n
i preven tcirmina lact s ilkewha tsheexpeirenced ,
a r o n o s r e p a g n i v a s e b d l u o c u o Y “ s y a s e h s s
a famliy who i sno table t o save
( ” s e v l e s m e h
t p .).2
e fi L n e l o t S
A si chosen by the wrtier because thi smemoi ri sa good
o t e l p m a x
e conduc ta research abou tthe impac to fabuse o n one’ spersonaltiy
T . t n e m p o l e v e
d hi smemoi ralsogivesal o tofl fiel esson .sI nt hi smemori ,tis how s
,s r a e y 8 1 r o f y ti v it p a c n i e fi l r e h e v i v r u s o t s e l g g u rt s d r a g u D w o
h desptie how
e v i v r u s e h s d r a
h s from rtemendou ssrtess ,cruetly,l oneilness ,rape ,boredom ,and
. d e c n e ir e p x e e h s s e s u b
a JayceeDugard conveys tha tbasically al lpeople havea
t ir i p s t a e r
g i n thei rlfieand t heycan survive in anytough stiuaitons .A tfe rhaving
h c i h w n i e fi l w e n a f o t ir i p s a s a h e h s , y li m a f r e h h ti w g n it i n u e r d n a e fi l n w o r e h
. o t d r a w r o
f Dugardalsoalway sbeilevesinhope.I tmake she rbeilevet ha toneday
shewli lmee the rmothe rand f amliyagainand ilvehappliy .Dueto t hehopet ha t
. e v i v r u s o t e l b a s i e h s , s e v e il e b e h
s She tells “History ha staugh tu stha teven
n i s e v il l li t s e p o h , e p o h o n s i e r e h t e k il s k o o l t i n e h
w people’ sheatr” ( .p )3 .
o t g n ir r e f e
R t heabusest ha tDugard expeirenced, t hi sstudy focuses on analyzing
n o s e s u b a f o t c a p m i e h
t he rpersonaltiy development .In orde rto make the
ll e w s i s y l a n
a organized,t hewrtie rformulatesaproblemf ormulaiton.
.
B ProblemFormula iton o t e s o p r u p a n
I understand the memoi r better , three problem s are
s w o ll o f s a d e t a l u m r o f
.
1 Howi sthemaincharacterdesc irbedi nJayceeDugard’ sAStolenLfie? .
2 Wha tabuse sdoest hemain characterexpeirencei n JayceeDugard’ sA Stolen e
fi L ? .
3 Wha tare the impacts o fthe abuses no the main character’ spersonaltiy
t n e m p o l e v e
d ?
.
C Objecitve soft heStudy n o s e s u c o f y d u t s s i h
T the impacts o fabuse sto the main character’ s
y ti l a n o s r e
p development .Thi sstudyhast hreemainobjecitves .Thef ris tobjecitve
s
i descirbing the main character’ s characteirsitcs . The second objecitve is
y fi t n e d
i i ngthekind so fabusesexpeirenced bythemain character .A tfe rknowing
e h
d e c n e ir e p x
e ,the las tobjecitve i sexplaining the impacts o fabuse sto the main
s ’ r e t c a r a h
c personaltiydevelopment.
.
D De ifniitono fTerms s e n if e d y d u t s s i h
T t wo term sin orde rto avoid dfiferen tunderstanding
. y d u t s s i h t g n i d a e r g n ir u d
.
1 Abuse
t a h t y a s . l a t e n o s li
W “Abuse i smalrteatmen,t i njury ,o rneglect t ha tcan
e r u t a n n i l a u x e s r o , l a n o it o m e , l a c i s y h p e b n a c t I .s m r o f y n a m e k a
t ” (1996 :544.)
,s u h
T in thi sstudy ,abuse i san initmidaiton ,manipulaiton ,o rmalrteatmen tto
. n o s r e p r e h t o n a l o rt n o
c tI i sdivided i nto severa lkind ssuch a sphysical ,sexual ,
, t c e l g e n d n a , l a b r e v , l a n o it o m
e in which al lo fthem have negaitve impacts to
s ’ n a m u
h personaltiydevelopment.
.
2 PersonaltiyDevelopment
p t a h t s e t a t s h s il a
K ersonaltiyi st hedynamicorganizaiton o fcharacte irsitc
o m o r f l a u d i v i d n i e n o g n i h s i u g n it s i d d n a r o i v a h e b o t g n i d a e l s e t u b ir tt
a the r
s l a u d i v i d n
i (1973:5 2 .)Meanwhlie ,developmenti sthesystemaitcconitnuiite sand
a u d i v i d n i e h t n i s e g n a h
c lt ha toccu rbetweenconcepitonanddeath( Shaffer ,2009:
.)
2 Therefore,i n t hi sstudy ,personaltiydevelopmentr eferst o thedevelopmen to r
e g n a h
c in human’ spersonaltiy such a sthei rthough tand behavio rtha tthey
T . s e c n e ir e p x e r i e h t m o r f e v i e c e
r hose changes w ill affec tthei rpersonaltiy and
a o t n i m e h t d a e
7 I I R E T P A H C
W E I V E R L A C I T E R O E H T
.
A Reviewo fRelatedStudies
o t r e ti r w e h t r o f y r a s s e c e n s i ti , y d u t s e h t tr o p p u s o t r e d r o n
I discuss the
. y d u t s s i h t f o c i p o t e h t o t d e t a l e r e n o d n e e b e v a h t a h t s e i d u t s s u o i v e r p
t a h t y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a S m o r f s r e h c r a e s e r o w t e r a e r e h
T discuss the
e m a
s topic as i n t hi sstudy .Thefrist i sDessy Ch irstanit ,astuden to fLanguage
, 4 0 0 2 n o y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a S f o t n e m tr a p e D n o it a c u d E s tr A d n
a in he r
y d u t
s enitlted The Impac t o fChlid Abuse on Dave Pelzer’ sSel fE tseem a s ,
y o B t s o L e h T , ’t I‘ d e ll a C d li h C A , y g o li r T s i h n i d e l a e v e
R and A Man Named
e v a
D focuses on the kind so fabuse expe irenced by the main character ,Dave, n
e h
w i he sachlidand t hei mpact soft heabuseon hi ss -eflesteem .Shedescirbes
e c n e ir e p x e e v a D t a h
t s threekind so fchlidabuse :physica labuse ,emoitona labuse ,
e v o r p e h S . t c e l g e n d n
a s thatt heabuses aD veexpeirenced srtongly affectDave’ s
fl e
s -esteem .Beforet heabuse ,Davei sachlidwtih ahighsefl- se teem .Du irngt he
s e s o l e v a D , e s u b
a mos to fhi ssefl-esteem due to the physica land emoitona l
d e e c c u s e h , d e u c s e r s a w e v a D r e tf A . r e h t o m s i h f o t c e l g e n o s l a s a , e s u b
a s in
e h t a h t g n i v o r
p i sable to survive and regain hi ss -efl esteem (Ch irstanit ,2004 :
)i ii x .
f o t n e m tr a p e D s r e tt e L h s il g n E f o t n e d u t s a , it a w a i n r u K i w e D , e li h w n a e M
d e lt it n e y d u t s r e h n i , 8 0 0 2 n o y ti s r e v i n U a m r a h D a t a n a
S TheEffect so fAbuse son
ri o m e m a , y h p a r g o i b o t u
a usuallydfifer schielfyi n t hedegreeo femphasi s .s
t n e v e l a n r e t x e n o d e c a l
p Wherea s wrtier s o f autobiography are
s e v l e s m e h t h ti w y li r a m ir p d e n r e c n o
c a ssubjec tmatter ,wrtier so fmemoi r
e r
a usuallyperson swhohaveplayedr olesin ,o rhavebeencloseobserver s l
a c ir o t s i h , f
o event sandwhosemainpurposeist odescirbeori nterprett he v
e ent s(2012:208).
n i s t n e v e e h t f o n o it p ir c s e d e h t n o s u c o f ri e h t e c a l p r i o m e m f o s r e ti r w e h T
.s t n e v e e s o h t n i s e l o r d e y a l p e v a h y e h t h c i h
w Usually a memoi rtell sabout a
t i s e k a m d n a s t n e v e f o d r o c e
r into a story such a snostalgia ,spritiua ljourney ,
v r u
s ival ,war , rtavel ,abduciton ,andmanyothers.
.
2 Theoryo fAbuse
n i . l a t e n o s li
W Abnorma lPsychology say tha tabuse i smalrteatment , r o , l a n o it o m e , l a c i s y h p e b n a c t I . s m r o f y n a m e k a t n a c t a h t t c e l g e n r o , y r u j n i
. ) 4 4 5 : 6 9 9 1 ( e r u t a n n i l a u x e
s Abusei sakindo fbad rteatmentthati sconductedby
. n o s r e p r e h t o n a o t n o s r e p
a In othe rwords ,Hun tin How to Rise Above Abuse
e s u b a f o s m r o f l l a t u o s t n i o
p --emoitonal ,verbal ,mental ,physical ,spritiual ,and
l a u x e
s --damageaperson’ ssenseo fdign tiy( 2010 :154) .Abusei scatego irzedi nto
t c a p m i e v it a g e n e v a h m e h t f o l l a h c i h w n i s d n i k l a r e v e
s s to one’ spersonaltiy .In
l a c i s y h p , e v i s s a p r o e v i s s e r g g a e b n a c r o i v a h e b e v i s u b a t a h t s y a s e h s , n o it i d d
a ro
, l a c i g o l o h c y s
p and driec t o r indriect .Regardles s o f the method , al labusive
d n a , e c r e o c , h s i n u p o t t n a w o h w s tr a e h d e n e d r a h h ti w e s o h t m o r f s e m o c r o i v a h e b
.) 0 1 3 : 0 1 0 2 ( l o rt n o
c Abuse i san initmidaiton o rmanipulaiton o fa person into
h t o n
a e'r spsychei nordert oconrto,lf orce ,andpunisht hevicitm.
y d u t s s i h
T discusse s ifvet ype so fabuse sandt hei mpact .sThef ollowingi s
h c a e f o n o it a n a l p x e e h
.
a Typeso fabuse
s d n i k l a r e v e s o t n i d e z ir o g e t a c s i e s u b
A such a s physical , sexual ,
, l a n o it o m
e verbal ,neglect ,ort hecombinaitono fanyo ral loft hese.
.i Physica lAbuse
e s u b a l a c i s y h
P i sact so fphysica laggression by one individua lagains t
o n
a ther ,o tfenl eadingt of ea randinjury(Wlisone ta.l ,1996 :544) .Physica labuse
e v a e l y ll a u s u t i e s u a c e b d e v r e s b o e b o t e s u b a t s e i s a e e h t s
i smarkso rscar sand
n i a p s e s u a
c . I thasi nju irou seffectstot hevicitmtha tdeirvef rom thebehavio ro f
.r e o d e h t
.i
i Sexua lAbuse
l a b r e v r o , l a u s i v , l a c i s y h p y n a s i d li h c a f o e s u b a l a u x e s t a h t s e t a t s t n u H
tl u d a r o d li h c r e d l o n a y b r o n i m a h ti w n o it c a r e t n
i whose purpose i ssexua l
.) 7 1 : 0 1 0 2 ( n o it c a f s it a s l a u x e s r o n o it a l u m it
s Sexua labusecan t ake many form s
. s e it i v it c a f
o Theperpertator sconductsexua labuseto obtain saitsfacitonoft hei r
. e ri s e d l a u x e
s Prtichard say s tha tsexua labuse i s i nterferencewtih and needles s
g s ’ d li h c f o g n i h c u o
t entiaila,f orcingchlidt oviewo rtouch ro sexuallymanipulate
c a r o d e t p m e tt a n o it a rt e n e p , tl u d
a hieved o fgentia lo rana larea ,sexuali nnuendo
r o g n i w o h s , s t a e r h t r
o makingpornography( 2004 :12 .)Thesesexua lacitviite sare
m it c i v e h t n o d e c r o
f because there i sa sexua ldesrie o fthe doers tha twan tto
y f s it a
s therilus.t
. e s u b a l a u x e s f o t r a p a s i e p a
R Wlison e ta.l , quoted i n Koss ,give
n o it a m r o f n
i aboutr ape .Raper eferst o unwantedo rnonconsensua lsexua lacitvtiy
3 9 9 1 ( l a u d i v i d n i r e h t o n a t s n i a g a d e c r e o c r o d e c r o f s i t a h
fl e s a e m o c e
b -regarding young person were moredemorailzing t han crue lblows
u b a l a n o it o m e o t n o it i d d a n i , e s u b a l a b r e V . ) 5 2 : 4 0 0 2
( se ,alsocause sal ong-term
s a y ti l a n o s r e p s ’ e n o n o t c a p m i e v it a g e n a s a h h c i h w m r a h l a c i g o l o h c y s
p ti si
. e v o b a d e t a t
s Hun talso poin toutst ha tverba labusei njurest hef eeilng so fother s
g n it l u s n i , g n i v il e r h ti
w ,o rcontemptuou swords( 2010 :157) .Theinjuryoff eeilng
e s u b a l a b r e v f o t c a p m i e h t f o e l p m a x e e n o s
i .
.
v Neglect
d n a l a c i s y h p e h t o t n o it n e tt a f o k c a l d n a n o i s i v r e p u s e t a u q e d a n i s i t c e l g e N
. ) 1 5 5 : 6 9 9 1 , .l a t e n o s li W ( s d e e n l a n o it o m
e Neglecti sdivided i nto physica land
l a c i s y h P . t c e l g e n l a n o it o m
e neglec t include s no t providing suf ifcien t food ,
i h t o l
c ng ,and medica lcare .Emoitona lo rpsychologica lneglec tincludes l ack o f
. e v o l d n a t r o p p u s l a n o it o m e
.
b Theimpacto fabuseonpersonaltiy
e s u b a f o t c a p m i e h t s e t a t s o s l a r e ti r w e h t , e s u b a f o s d n i k g n i b ir c s e d r e tf A
. y ti l a n o s r e p n
o Abuse relates to condiitoning ,since both o fthem are affecitng
. r e h t o h c a
e Feistt ellst ha tonebasicassumpitono fSkinne irancondiitoningi st ha t
s t n e m e c r o f n i e
r hape sbehavior .Severa lthousand studie swtih both animal sand
e v a h s n a m u
h demonsrtatedt hepowert ha tcondiitoninghast ochangebehavio ro r
. ) 1 6 4 : 6 0 0 2 ( y ti l a n o s r e
p Change s in personaltiy occu r when new behavior s
i s t n e r e f fi d a n i e m it r e v o e l b a t s e m o c e
b tuaiton .Related to the envrionment ,
t n e m n o ri v n e r u o n i s e c r o
f sucha sabuseareconstanltys hapingone’ spersonaltiy.
. m r a h l a b r e v d n a , l a n o it o m e , l a u x e s , l a c i s y h p n i s tl u s e r e s u b
A Prtichard i n
e h
d e c n e ir e p x
e ,the las tobjecitve i sexamini ng the impacts o fabuse so n the main
r e t c a r a h
c ’ spersonaltiydevelopmen.t
s e ir o e h t e h
T used i n t hi sstudyaretheoryo fmemo ri ,theoryo fabuse ,and
r e p f o y r o e h
t sonaltiy development .Three problem sare formulated i n thi sstudy .
n
I answeri ng the fris tproblem ,the wrtie ruse stheory o fmemori .Theory o f
o t d e s u s i ri o m e
m giveaclea rdescirp iton abouttheautho rast hemain characte r
n w o s ’ r o h t u a e h t y b n e tt ir w s i t a h
t and t o t ellt heevent sofr eceivingabusest ha t
r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t y b d e c n e ir e p x e e r
a . nI answeri ng the second problem ,the
t s e s u r e ti r
w heoryo fabuseto discove rwha tkind so fabuses tt eha a r expeirenced
y
b themain character . In answeri ng the t h rid problem, t he wrtie ruse stheory o f
f o y r o e h t d n a e s u b
a personaltiy development . Theory o f abuse i s used to
d n a t s r e d n
u the impac to fabuse o n human personaltiy development .Theory o f
y ti l a n o s r e
p developmen ti sused to know how human personaltiy develops and
o s l
a how personaltiy can be in lfuenced by some factor ssuch a sabuse. The
e v o r p o t d e d e e n s i y g o l o h c y s p d n a e r u t a r e ti l n e e w t e b n o it a l e r e h t f o n o it a n a l p x e
y r a r e ti l n i r e t c a r a h c d n a y ti l a e r n i g n i e b n a m u h n e e w t e b n o it a l e r a s i e r e h t t a h t
s k r o
w and also t o understand how psychology helpst he wrtieri n doing analysi s
21 I I I R E T P A H C
Y G O L O D O H T E M
.
A Objec toft heStudy
d e z y l a n a k r o w y r a r e ti l e h
T ast heobjec tof t hestudy i samemoriw irtten d
e lt it n e d r a g u D e e c y a J y
b A Stolen Lfie . tI wa spub ilshed by Simon & Schuste r &
n o m i S f o n o i s i v i d a , s k c a b r e p a
P SchusterI nc .NewYorki n2011 .Thi smemori s
n i a t n o
c 3 07pages. s ’ d r a g u D e e c y a
J AStolen Lfiei sar ea lstoryabou taneleven-y - dear o l gri l i
o h w d r a g u D e e c y a J d e m a
n skidnapped in June 10 o f1991 when she i son he r l
a C , e o h a T e k a L h t u o S n i l o o h c s o t y a
w fiornia .Shei skidnapped and abused f o r s
r a e y n e e t h g i
e in a backyard by acouple o fhusband (Phliilp Garirdo )and wfie .
) o d ir r a G y c n a N
( Phliilp steals 18 year s o fJaycee Dugard’ slfie , rape she r s
e s u b a , y l d e t a e p e
r her ,mak eshe rhavechlidren by him and wa sr p he rrealtiy i n i
e h s t a h t y a w a h c u
s sunablet o help hersel fo rescape .Shei sf ou treen whenshe s
e v i
g bitrh t o he rfris tbaby and seventeenth when she gives bi trh t o t he second h
t o b , y b a
b wtihou tmedica lassistance. Phliilp conductsmany kind sof uab s s e to .
r e h l o rt n o
c In 2009 ,atfe rgoingt hroughal fie iflledwtihs rtuggleandt ear ,ss hei s d
n a e e r f y ll a n
if c anreuntiewtihherf amliy.
e h t s k s a e h S . s e n o c e n i p s t c e ll o c e h s , d lr o w e h t o t n i k c a b n r u t e r r e h e c n i S
w o n k e h s e l p o e
p s whent hey goon t irpst o b irng he rapinecone .A pineconewa s e
r o f e b m o d e e r f n o p ir g t s a l r e
h she wa skidnapped and for eighteen year sin .
y ti v it p a
d e t a l e r s r e w s n a e h t t c e ll o c o t d e s u e r e w h c i h w , s n o it a t o u
q wtih the problem
e h T . n o it a l u m r o
f second step wa s studying the theo ire s and psychologica l d e s a b s r e w s n a e h t g n i d n if s a w p e t s d ri h t e h T . ti d n a t s r e d n u o t r e d r o n i h c a o r p p a
g n i z y l a n a y b n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t n
o aboutt hedescirpiton fo main character , co llecti t ng he data o fabusesthat t hemain characte rexpeirenced ,and analyzi ng
e h
t impact fo abuses toward the main character’ spersonaltiy development. The tr
a p s i h T . n o i s u l c n o c a g n i w a r d s a w p e t s t s a
l contained the statemen ttha twas o
r p e h t o t r e w s n a e h t n o d e s a
b blem sandabroade rconclusion t ha twasrelated t o .
5 2
V I R E T P A H C
S I S Y L A N A
n i d e t a t s e r a h c i h w s n o it s e u q e e r h t e h t f o s i s y l a n a e h t s r e v o c r e t p a h c s i h T
n i a m e h t f o n o it p ir c s e d e h t h ti w s l a e d s i s y l a n a t s ri f e h T . n o it a l u m r o f m e l b o r p e h t
r e t c a r a h
c ’ scharacteirsitcs in the memori .The second analysi sdeal swtih the
a h c i h w s e s u b
a reexpe irencedbythemaincharacter .Thet hridanalysi sdeal swtih
e h
t impactoft heabuse so nthemaincharacter’ spersonaltiydevelopmen.t
.
A TheDescrip itono fJayceeDugard
n i r e t c a r a h c n i a m e h t d n a r o h t u a e h t h t o b s i d r a g u D e e c y a
J A Stolen Lfie .
a m i n a d n a , s d n e ir f , y li m a f r e h s e v o l t a h t l ri g s a f l e s r e h s e b ir c s e d d r a g u
D lvery
s e ir r a m e r n e h t d n a s e c r o v i d r e h t o m r e H . h c u
m ot anothe rman. Dugard doe sno t
l a c i g o l o i b r e h y h w n o s a e r e h t w o n
k fathe rchoo es s nott o seehe.r S healso h s a a
n s e o d o h w r e h t a f p e t
s o t ilke her .Someitme sshe needs affeciton from a father .
s l e e f e h s , r e h t a f a m o r f e v o l s t e g r e v e n e h s h g u o h tl a , r e v e w o
H theaffeciton t ha t
s e v i g r e h t o m r e
h tohe raremoret hanenough.
d r a g u D e e c y a
J i skidnappedbyacoupleo fhusba nd (Phliilp Garirdo )and
( e fi
w Nancy Garirdo) in June 10 o f1991 when s ihe son he rway to school in
u o
S th Lake Tahoe ,Calfiornia .The abduciton statrs i n t hat qu tie morning when
s k l a w d r a g u
D upt hehillt ot hebu sstopt ocatcht hebusf o rschool .Th e ire saca r
s e h c a o r p p
a tohe randt hed irver( Phliilp )pretendsto askf o rdriecitons .Suddenly
o h s p il li h
s l e e
f ilkei tweigh sa t on .She falls to t heground and statrs to push back on he r
hand sto the safety o fthe bushe sto her l e tf .Nancy drags and iltfs rhe .Dugard
e ir
t s to resis tand push fatrhe rinto the bushes .She then feel sthe paralyzing
s n r u t e r g n il e e
f accompanied by an electirca lcu rren tzapping sound .He rbody i s
n i k r o w t o
n gand ifnallys hei s helplesst or esist .Shes tatrst ocry .Shehaspeedhe r
e f n i a r b r e h d n a s t n a
p el sfuzzy .A blanketi st hrown on t op o fhe rand t heca ri s
i d r a g u D e e c y a J . g n i v o
m skidnapped.
i p il li h
P seve rsen tto p irson fo rmany years .He remains in poilce
. r e d n e f f o l a u x e s s a n o i s i v r e p u
s Atlhoughhei son parolef ort her apeo fawoman
s p a n d i k e H . e m ir c a s ti m m o c l li t s e h , t s a p s i h n
i and abuses Dugardf o reighteen
s li a j e H . s r a e
y Dugardi nt hebackyardofhi shouse .Theparoleagent scometohi s
t u o r e s u o
h inely to supervise him .Dugard thi ks tn i i sso srtange tha tno one o f
o n k s t n e g a e l o r a p s ’ p il li h
P w tha tthe propetry i sextended fu trhe rback .She
s e r u g
if they do no tcareand t hinksPhliilp i sat otally rehab litiated offender .She
t n a
w s Ph liilp’ sparoleagentst oask quesitonst hati n which i fPh liilp willno tbe
ll i w g n i h t e m o s , r e w s n a o t e l b
a change( p.155-156) .Ph liilpconductsabuset ogain
e s u e H . d r a g u D r e v o l o rt n o c l a t o
t s threa tand initmidaiton to weaken ,threaten ,
, tr u h d n
a and keep Dugard unde rh isconrto.lTher eason whyhekidnap sDugard
s t n a w e h e s u a c e b s
i tosaitsfyhi ssexua ldesrie .Hei sapedophlieand tii sproven
e p a r e h n e h w t n e m o m e h t t
a s Dugard.
e li h w a r o f n o d n a n o s e o g s i h
T wtih him l ooking att hesebook shehas . h
p e k il k o o l y e h
T otoalbums ,butt heyhavekidsf rommagazine scu touti n s k o o l e H . s e n i z a g a m r e h t o m o r f n o d e p a t s e s i n e p h ti w s n o it i s o p t n e r e f fi d
I h c i h w f o e m o s , d a b e r a t a h t s d r o w g n i s u , m e h t o t y tr i d s k l a t d n a m e h t t a
h t e m a s e h t g n i o d s p e e k e H . e r o f e b d r a e h r e v e n e v a
h ing ove rand over .
d n a , m o d e r o b , d e p a r , s s e n il e n o l , y tl e u r c , s s e rt s s u o d n e m e
rt abuse s she
. d e c n e ir e p x e
.
1 Beforebeingkidnapped
u
D gardha sahappyl fiewhenshei schlid .Sheha samother ,af amliyand
e h T . d e p p a n d i k e r o f e b d l o s r a e y 1 1 s i e h S . h c u m o s r e h e v o l o h w s d n e ir f
s ’ d r a g u D e r a g n i w o ll o
f characteirsitcs before she i skidnapped and expeirenced
a t a h t s e s u b
a reconductedbyPhliilp.
. a S hy
d r a g u D e lt ti
L i sa shy gilr .In he rschool ,she i sin a jazz class bu tshe
d y ll a e
r o esno tenjoy ti .Atf rists her eallywants tot akeballet .However ,whenhe r
s e o g r e h t o
m tos ignhe rupi nt heballe tclas ,st heclassi sf ul landt hereforeDugard
s e o
g forj azz .Shet hinksthej azzclas sdoe sno tsui ther .Shesays“I’mr eallyshy ,
( ” . e m h ti w t i u s g n o rt s a t o n s i e l p o e p f o t n o r f n i g n i m r o fr e p d n
a p.13) .Sheo tfen
s e h s i
w she i sno tso shy .I tconitnues when Dugard and he rfamliy moves to
a h e h s s e k a m t I . e o h a
T s tomovet oanothe rschool .Att henewschool ,shef ee tlsi
i shardf o rhert obeanews tudenti nanews chool .Shet ells
t o n s a w f l e s y m y b d n u o r g y a l p e h t n o g n i y a l p d n a e n o y n a g n i w o n k t o N
I t u B . d n e ir f a d n if o t y rt s y a w l a d l u o w o s , o t d r a w r o f d e k o o l I g n i h t e m o s
v s a
w ery shy to do that .Why am Ino t rtying to make firend swtih the p u o g t o n d l u o c t s u j I n o s a e r e m o s r o f t u B ! e n o l a g n i e b e t a h I , s d i k r e h t o
s s e u g I y h s o o t , m e h t h ti w y a l p o t k s a d n a s d i k f o p u o r g a o
t ( .p179).
s n i o j e h s r e t a
L aGri lScou t rtoop and t henshe ifndsi thardt o adap twtih
“ s y a s e h S . s t n e d u t s r e h t o n
a I’t shard to make firends ,bu tsome o fthe gilr sare
s e m it e m o s y h s o s t ’ n s a w I h s i w t s u j I . r e i s a e t i s e k a m t a h t o s , s s a l c y m n i o s l
a .”
W . ) 3 1 . p
e m o s y u
b Gri lScou tcookies ,Dugard only knocks the doo rand l et she rpa trne r
s e o
d thet alking .Shei sdisappointed t o hersel fandsay s“Wli l Ieve rge tove rmy
3 1 . p ( ” ? s s e n y h
s -1 4 .)
.
b Tenacious
s e , l a m i n a s e v o l d r a g u
D pecially ca tand dog .When she i schlid ,shehas
t n a w y ll a e r o s l a e h s t u b s t a c e m o
s st o haveadog .Shewantsadoga saf irend t o
n a r e h t e g o t y a l
p d do some tircks .She remembers there i sa neighborhood dog
c t a h t a j n i N d e m a
n o em sove rand walks wtih heri n some mornings .She really
s t n a
w tohaveadogtha taccompanie shert os choo landplays togethe reveryday.
e m h ti w l li h t a h t p u k l a w d l u o w t a h t e n o , y l d a b o s n w o y m f o g o d a t n a w I
m o r f e m o h e m o c I n e h w e m t e e r g o t e r e h t e b n e h t d n a g n i n r o m y r e v e
( l o o h c
s p.12) . d r a g u
D alway saskshe rmothert o givehe radog becausesheneedsi tso
r e H . y l d a
b mothe rdo esnotl e the rtohaveadogandshealwaysrefuses ti .Dugard
s y a s
I ; g o d a d e d e e n I h c u m w o h m o m y m e c n i v n o c o t y rt o t e m it e h t d e s u I
lt ti l a s a w I s s e u
g e annoying .Because she jus tkep trepeaitng the word N
“ o” ove randove ragain .I’tsj us t Ireally,r eallywan tmyowndog ( 7p .) . d
r a g u
D i sno teasy t o giveup i n getitng something she really wants .She
s e ir
t he rbes tconitnuouslyt oge tti .Atlhoughhe rmothe rdo esnotl e thert okeepa
s t p m e tt a s y a w l a e h s , g o
d to persuade and convince her .She wishes “ Ireally
a s o s l a r e h t o m r e H . ) 7 . p ( ” . y a d e n o g o d a e v a h e m t e l ll i w m o m y m d e p o
h yst ha t
i d r a g u
D ss os tubborn .Dugardsays
e h S . e lt ti l s a w I n e h w ” ll u B e h t “ s a w e m a n k c i n y m t a h t s y a s m o m y M
t a h t ; d e t n a w y ll a e r I g n i h t e m o s o t e m a c t i n e h w n r o b b u t s l a e r s a w I s y a s
. s a w t i r e v e t a h w t u o b a t n e t s i s r e p y r e v e b d n a n i s l e e h y m g i d d l u o
w I
i k o o l t u b , n r o b b u t s s a f l e s y m f o t h g u o h t r e v e
n ng back Ican see some
e r e h w s e c n a t s n
s a w I k n i h t I . g n i h t y r e v e t u o b a s n o it s e u
q alway san inquisiitve person (p.121 .)
e c a f e h s h g u o h tl
A s therealtiytha tshedoe sno talway sge twha tshewants
r e h m o r
f mothe rand i talso requrie sa hard effo tr ,Dugard stli ls i ertv s to ge t ti .
, r e v e w o
H she i stenaciou sto obtain something she wants untli he rwliilng i s
. d e ll if l u f
.
c Vibrant
s y a w l a d r a g u
D feelshappy o fhaving famliy and firend saround her .She
a
h sa lo to ffreedom when she i schlid ,especially from he rmothe rin doing
g n i h t y r e v
e thati sposiitveand no tdangerous .She ilkest o ilvef reely andnott oo
d n e p e
d en ton he rmother .The freedom she has then mak es he rable to make
n o i s i c e
d and shei sso exctied to do ti .Oneexamplei swhen Shawnee ,Dugard’ s
s a h , d n e ir f t s e
b taken Dugard on ahorse rtai l irdei n he rranch .Dugard wants to
e h S . e e n w a h S s a r e d ir a d o o g s a e
b i svery exctied and she alway swants ot
e c it c a r
p .Shelovesto pracitcehorse irding wtih Shawneewhen t hey workin t he
h c n a
r a sshe say s“ Ihave one more week o fschoo lle tf ,then summe rvacaiton
e d u d a t a k r o w o t l o o h c s m o r f e e n w a h S d n e ir f y m h ti w s n a l p e d a m e v a h I . s tr a t s
( ” . h c n a
r p .).7
.
2 Du irngbeingkidnapped
e h t n i d l o s r a e y 1 1 s i d r a g u
D beginningo fhe rabduciton( June10th ,1991 )
e v il e h s d n
a s wtih Ph liilpf o r18 year sunit lshei sf reed when shei s29year sold
6 2 t s u g u A
( th ,2009) .Fo ralmostt wo decades ,herl fiei sso horirble .Sheisr aped ,
a e rt l a m r e h t o y n a m d n a , d e s u b a , d e t a d i m it n
a h o h w n o s r e p a o t n i r e h n r u t s t n e m t a e rt l a
m s negaitve personaltiy .Below are
s ’ d r a g u
D characteirsitcsdu irnghe rabducitonatfe rexpeirencingabuse .s
.
a Submissive
d r a g u
D i scondiitoned to be submissive because she i sthreatened i fshe
s e c r o
f and reject sPhliilp’ sorder .Shewants to deny everything he ask sbu tshe
n a
c notr efuse ti .Shealway sdoeseverythingPhliilpwants andno tcomplainingi n
. g n i h t d a b m o r f f l e s r e h e v i v r u s o t r e d r
o She i supse tbu tshe do es no tdare to
u f e
r sei ,tt herefores hej us tnodsass hes ay s“It hough to fmanyt hing s Icoulds ay ,
I o s , e ti l o p e r e w m e h t f o e n o n t u
b jus tnodded.” (p.38) .Ph liilp eve rthreaten s
i e h t a h t g n il l e t y b d r a g u
D sgoingt osel lhert osomeoneandt hosepersonwill tpu
a c a n i r e
h gebecausePh liilpt hinkss ihe snotr eallydoingt het hingst ha thewants
. o d o t r e
h The examplei swhen Phliilp has asex wtih Dugard ,Phliilp say sshe
k a m t i d n a h c u m o o t s e ir
c es him hard to ac tou thi sfantasie sand feel sbad .
e s o t t o n m i h s g e b d r a g u
D l lhe rand saysshewi ll rtyhardert of uflli lanything he
i d r a g u D . s t n a
w sverys caredass hes ays
. e g a c a n i t u p e b o t t n a w t ’ n d i d I . h c u o c e h t n o d r a h o s g n i k a h s r e b m e m e r I
n e h W . e m o t n e p p a h o t g n i o g s a w t a h w s a w t a h t t a h t g n i k n i h t e m t f e l e H
n r u t e r e
h edt ha tdayands aidweweregoingt ogo ona“run,” Ididn’ tdare y a w e h t t s u j g n i h t y r e v e o d o t d e ir t t s u j I . d n i m s i h d e g n a h c d a h e h f i k s a
l li w I . s e s i m o r p s i h f o y n a n o h g u o r h t d e w o ll o f r e v e n e H . e m d l o t e h
I s a d i a r f a s a g n il e e f t e g r o f r e v e n y l b a b o r
p did tha tday . He neve r
n i a g a t i d e n o it n e
m (p.58 .)
ll i w t
I ber eallybad f o rhe,rt hereforeshet hinks wi t i llbebette rfo rheri f
s y a t s e h
s wtih Phliilp and do es everything he want s he r to do and no t
d o s l a d r a g u D . g n i n i a l p m o
c o es no tdare to refuse Nancy because she i safraid
t n a w r e g n o l o n y c n a
u
b tt on inside o fher .When she goes outside ,she w lli swtich on he rnervou s
. y ll a c it a m o t u
a Shet ells
d n e l b o T . e l b i s i v n i e b o t n a h t e r o m g n i h t o n t n a w I c il b u p n i t u o m ’ I n e h W
I . r e h ti e m e h t e e s y ll a e r r o e l p o e p t a k o o l t’ n o d I . d e c it o n t e g t o n d n a n i
e k il l e e
f i f Inoitcet hem, t hey wli lno itceme . Iwantt ohaveanormall fie b
, e l p o e p l a m r o n e k il e b d n
a u t Ican’,tt hes wtichalwayst urn son.I ’malso (
e e s d l u o w I t a h w f o d i a r f a m ’ I , e l p o e p e e s I fi d i a r f
a p.193) .
i d r a g u
D sannoyed wtih hersel fbecause she can no tconrto lhe rnervou s
e g e l p o e p f i d i a r f a s i e h S . g n il e e
f tnoitceda the rsoshewishes s ihe sno tseenby
t n a w y ll a e r e h S . e n o y n
a s to be norma lpeople who fee lenjoy when meeitng o r
. e l p o e p r e h t o n a h ti w g n i k l a t
.
d Dependent
d r a g u
D can no tdo anything she wants because she has no conrto love r
e h S . fl e s r e
h i scondiitoned to unablet of uflli lhe rown need .Phliilpgi ev s Dugard
d e e n e h s s g n i h t r e h t o d n a s d e e n y li a d e h
t s ,in which i tmakes Dugard beco em s
“ s y a s e h S . m i h n o t n e d n e p e d y ll a t o
t Ican’ tbeilevehow much Icamet o rely on
g n i h t y r e v e r o f m i
h .”( p.36 .)
d r a g u D y a d l l
A i salonei nar oomf o rseveralyear sbeforeshegivesbitrh .
e h
S i sdoub twhethe rshe has to be happy o r sad i fPhliilp co em s to her .
e h s s e m it e m o
S i shappy becauset herei satl eas taperson who shecan talkwtih .
s ll e t e h S
,r e t a w , d o o f r o f m i h n o d e d n e p e d I . d lr o w e ri t n e y m e m a c e b e
H myt o liet .
y b h c u m o s t c a t n o c n a m u h d e v a r c I . t n e m e s u m a f o e c r u o s y l n o y m s a w e H
e h e k il t l e f ti ; e m e e s o t g n i m o c m i h o t d r a w r o f d e k o o l y ll a u t c a I t a h t n e h t
( e c n e s e r p s i h … e m o t tf i g a g n i w o t s e b s a
w p ).3 . 1
e h s , r e v e w o
H i salso sad and afraid when hi spresencemean sshehas to
x e s e v a
s a h e h s d n
a to f ollow al lo fPhliilp’ sorder .She becom s e dependen ton Phliilp i n
e h s e s u a c e b n o i s i c e d g n i k a
t iss urePhliilpca nsolveal lproblem .s
c
I an t’ i maginestaying hereunit lI’m old and gray ,bu tye t Idon’ tknow o t s m e e s s y a w l a e h d n a p il li h P s i e v a h I l l A . e m r o f s d l o h e r u t u f e h t t a h w
( o d o t t a h w w o n
k p.130 .)
i d r a g u
D scondiitoned t o fea rwtih t hewo lrd outsidePh liilp’ shouse .She
i sreally dependen to n Ph liilp and shedo esno tknowwha the rand he rchlidren ’
e fi
l w illbe ilkei f Phliilpi sno tbesidethem .Shet hinksshes houldf ollowPhliilp’ s
s ’ y c n a N d n
a insrtucitonbecauseshedoesno twantt hemt ogeti nto rtouble.
s e k a t s e m it e m o s y c n a
N he routsidet oplay ,bu t Ican’ tgobecauset heyare e r e h W . e l b u o rt n i m e h t t e g o t t n a w t ’ n o d I . e m e e s l li w e n o e m o s d i a r f a
( ? e n o g e r e w y e h t fi o g I d l u o
w p.136 .)
i d r a g u
D sreally dependen ton Phliilp becausePhliilp spendsyear s rtying
a h t r e h e c n i v n o c o
t t ihe st heonewtihallt hepowe rand answers .Shebecom s e a
c o h w n o s r e
p a n no tmakedecision .Shesay s“Ph liilpwa salwayst heonewtihal l
( ” . m i h t u o h ti w o d o t t a h w w o n k t ’ n d i d e w d n a s r e w s n a e h
t p.217 .)
.
e L flows -e esteem
i d r a g u
D si solatedf romt heoutsidewo lrd .She ilves int hesamecondiiton
s t c a r e t n i y l n o e h s d n
a wtih Ph liilp and Nancy .Ove rthe year sshe neve rmeets
g r e v e n o s l a d n a e s l e e n o y n
a ets outf romPhliilp’ shouse .Duet oneveri nteracitng
o c e b e h s , e l p o e p r e h t o h ti
w m s e no tcareabou the rappearance .When sheputs on
a h y d o b r e h , h tr i b a g n i v a h r e tf a t h g i e w h c u m o
s s changed so much .Shestatrs to
d e c n a r a e p p a l a c i s y h p r e h t a h t g n i z il a e r r e tf a f l e s r e h h ti w e l b a tr o f m o c n u l e e
f o es
s ll e t e h S . d o o g k o o l t o n
p a c s e n a s i g n i d a e
R e fo rme . Iask mysefl ,wha tam Iescaping from? I r o y p p a h t o n m ’ I . fl e s y m g n i p a c s e m a I e b y a m … t s u j I , w o n k t ’ n o d
a h e h t a h
t s somedog swhicharepartolilngt heyardoutsidet her oomi nwhichs he
isl ocked .Shet hinkss ihe shelples sanddo esno tdaret or unaway .Shes ays
t i fi e n o d e v a h d l u o w I t a h w w o n k t ’ n o d I . g n i p a c s e f o e p o h o n s i e r e h T
a
h d actually opened . Ihave no i deawhere Iam ,and Phliilp sayst hatt he o t d e ir t I t a h t t u o d n if l li w e h r a e f I . d r a y e h t g n il l o rt a p l li t s e r a s n a m r e b o D
t e g o t t n a w t ’ n o d I . g n i h t y r e v e w o n k o t s m e e s e H . w o h e m o s r o o d e h t n e p o
( e l b u o rt n
i p 0.4 - )4 . 1 s
r a e y r o
F she ilve sunde rpressure and she also has to follow Phliilp’ s
o c s ’ p il li h P . d n a m m o
c nrto love rhersel fmake she rdoes tn o sure i fhe rthough t
a y d o b d n
a re her so rPhliilp’s .Every single itme she wants to have a d fiferen t
c l li t s e h s , n o i n i p
o a n no tdo ti .She t ell s“Wha tchoicedid Ihave?Heconrtolled
g n i h t y r e v
e . ( .” p116) .Phliilpcreate shi sownwo lrdi nwhichhecandoanythinghe
s a h d r a g u D d n a s t n a
w to fuflli lal lo fhi sdesries .She t hink sshe i snothing bu t
s a r e t c a r a h c s ’ p il li h P a y l n
o shesay s“ Iwasj us tacharacteri n hi swo lrd ,awo lrd
( ” .t if e n e b n w o s i h r o f d e t a e r c e
h p 3.1 -5 154) .Dugard i sso sad i fshe remembers
c e h s t a h t d o o h d li h c r e
h a n do anything freely and he r lfie belong to he r
P h c i h w n i n o it a u ti s r e h n I . y l e t e l p m o
c hliilp conrtols everything ,someitme s
d e e n d r a g u
D s freedomt odoanythings hewants .Shes ays
e h n i a g a e c n o t u b , e k il I t a h w h ti w o d o t e fi l y m e b o t d e s o p p u s s i s i h T
d e w o ll a e h s i s e m it y n a m w o H . y a w a t i n e k a t s a h ] p il li h P
[ to t akei taway
? e m m o r
f Whydon’ t Ihaveconrtolo fmyl fie!I f ee lnow Ican’ teven be u
s remyt hought saremy own .Why couldn’ thej us toncegivei n and no t .)
1 0 2 . p ( ! g n il l o rt n o c o s e b
In he rcapitvtiy ,she alway sthink sabou the rmother .She misses he rso
t n a w y ll a e r e h s d n a h c u
m s toseeheratl eas toncei n herl fie itme bu tshet hinks
a h e h
s snopower .Shei shelples sands ay s“I’mt hinkingwhati f Ineve rgett os ee
s i e r e h t d n a r e h w o n k o t t e g y ll a e r r e v e n d l u o w I ! s e i d e h s f i t a h W . n i a g a r e h
n a c I g n i h t o
g e b d r a g u D , d e p p a n d i k g n i e b f o s r a e y l a r e v e s r e tf
A ins toworryabou the r
i e h s s e m it e m o S . e r u t u
f ssad becauseshet hinksshewi llno thaveab irghtf uture
e n i g a m i e h s e k
il s when she i schlid a sshe say s“ Iespecially ilked tha tfuture
s u a c e
b e Ifel t Ididn’ thave one.” (p.68) .Moreover ,when shewantsto wrtiehe r
p o t s e h s y l n e d d u s , s e p o h d n a s m a e r
d sw iritng and feels helpless .She t ell s“I’m
t u o e ti r w o t g n i y
rt a plan fo rmy future ,bu ti’t shard . Ifee l Ihave no future.”
e h S . ) 7 9 1 . p
( thinks shel ose sherl fieandhe rdream .s
s e h s i w d r a g u
D shecandoanythings hewants ,buts hef acest her ealtiyt ha t
i ti w o
n si mpossiblea sshesay s“ Iwish Iwasf ree ilket hepeople Iseehere .Free
( ” .t ’ n s a w I t u B . e m e b d n a d n u o r a k l a w o
t p.169-170) .Sheb o eec m s apersonwho
c na notf uflli lhe rdesriei ndoingwhats hewants andi tdemorailze shers priti .She
” . o d o t t n a w I t a h w o d o t e c n a h c e h t n e v i g r o e l b a e b r e v e n l li w I l e e f I “ s e t a t s
( .p196) .Due to neve rhaving a conrto love rhersefl ,she does Phillip’ sorder
y l s s e l p l e
h tokeeps urvive.
.
g AfraidandSad
t a e r h t n e tf o p il li h
P e s n Dugardi nordert ocon rto lhe randgaincompilance .
d r a g u
D i sunde rpressured ove rthe year sand she beco em safraid i fshe makes
e h s fi r o e k a t s i
m c annots aitsfyPhliilp’ sdesrie.
d l o t y d a e rl a s a h e H . y r g n a e m o c e b d n a g n i y r c e m e e s l li w e h d i a r f a m ’ I
d r a h o s g n i y rt m ’ I . y s a t n a f s i h h ti w e r e f r e t n i ll i w t i e s u a c e b y r c o t t o n e m
.) 4 5 . p ( y r c o t t o n
s y a w l a o s l a d r a g u
D feels sad because she do es no twan tto ilve wtih an
t n a w y ll a e r e h S . p il li h P e k il n o s r e p l i v
e s toge tbackt ot he itmewhen shei svery
y p p a
