B. To avoid negative corporate image. Untuk mengelakkan imej kooporat yang negative.

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SECSECTION A : 25 MARKS BAHAGIAN A : 25 MARKAH

INSTRUCTION :

This section consists of TWENTY FIVE (25) objectives questions. Mark your answers in the OMR form provided.

ARAHAN :

Bahagian ini mengandungi DUA PULUH LIMA (25) soalan objektif. Tandakan jawapan anda di dalam borang OMR yang disediakan.

1. Which of the following is NOT is reasons for an organization to practice business ethics ?

Antara yang berikut yang manakah BUKAN alasan sesebuah organisasi mengamalkan etika perniagaan ?

A. * To recover a company’s image after being involved in a business scandal. Untuk melindungi imej syarikat setelah terlibat dengan skandal perniagaan.

B. To avoid negative corporate image.

Untuk mengelakkan imej kooporat yang negative.

C. To act with the right commitment.

Untuk bertindak mengikut komitmen yang betul.

D. To enhance stakeholder relationship.

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2. What is morality ? Apakah maksud moral ?

A. * Standards that an individual or group has about what is right and wrong, or good and evil.

Standard yang individu atau kumpulan anggap apa yang betul dan salah, atau baik dan jahat.

B. Making the right decision where there is a chance to do wrong.

Membuat keputusan yang betul ketika terdapat peluang untuk membuat salah. C. A system of respect, fairness and profit.

Sistem mengenai rasa hormat, keadilan dan keuntungan.

D. The action that bring about the best outcomes. Tindakan yang membawa kepada hasil yang terbaik.

3. Business ethics is __________ . Etika perniagaan adalah _________ .

A. Business ethics used in order to achieve good ethical standard.

etika perniagaan digunakan untuk mencapai standard etika yang baik.

B. * Refer to those valuers, standards, and principles that operate within business. merujuk kepada nilai, piawaian, dan prinsip-prinsip yang diaplikasikan dalam perniagaan,

C. Ethics that can be applied to an organization’s practice. Etika boleh dilaksanakan sebagai amalan dalam organisasi.

D. Something that is considered as correct within society. Sesuatu yang dianggap benar dalam masyarakat.

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4. Based on ________ , the best action is where it can produce the greatest good for the greatest number.

Berdasarkan __________ , tindakan terbaik adalah yang dapat menghasilkan kebaikan bagi bilangan yang terbanyak.

A. * utilitarianism utilitarianism B. relativism relativism C. Kant’s Ethics kant’s ethics D. egoism egoism

5. Which is the following is NOT non-consequentialist theory ? Antara yang berikut manakah BUKAN teori non-consequentialist?

A. * Egoism. Egoism

B. Prima Facie Obligation. Kewajipan Prima Facie

C. Moral Right. Moral Right.

D. Kant’s Ethics Etika Kant

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6. The view that identifies morality with self-interest is reffered to _________ . Pandangan yang mengenal pasti moral tentang kepentingan diri merujuk kepada _______ . A. Utilitarianism. Utilitarianism. B. Ethics. Ethics. C. * Egoism. Egoism. D. Ethical relativism. Etika relativism.

7. The following are the elements that determine moral value according to Kant’s Ethics, EXCEPT ;

Berikut adalah elemen-elemen yang mengandungi nialai moral menurut prinsip Kant’s Ethics, KECUALI ;

A. Motive is all important. Motif adalah yang terpenting.

B. Principles assert that the motive itself has to be of the right type that seeks goodness for goodness’s sake.

Prinsip yang menegaskan bahawa motif itu sendiri adalah bertujuan untuk mencari kebaikan demi kebaikan.

C. Duty is the necessity of an action performed for the respect of the law. Kewajipan adalah keperluan untuk sebarang tindakan itu dilakukan demi menghormati undang-undang.

D. * Ethics is not based on reason and freedom. Etika tidak berdasarkan akal dan kebebasan.

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8. The capability to influence people and accomplish desired objectives is called ____________ .

Keupayaan untuk mempengaruhi seseorang dan mencapai tujuan yang dikehendaki dikenali sebagai ______________ . A. Power Kuasa B. Leadership Kepimpinan C. * Authority Autoriti D. Status Status

9. All of the elements are corporate culture EXCEPT :

Semua jawapan di bawah adalah elemen budaya korporat KECUALI :

A. Rules and policies Peraturan dan dasar

B. Leadership styles Gaya kepimpinan

C. * Political system Sistem politik

D. Incentive and reward system Insentif dan sistem ganjaran

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10. Which of the following factors shapes the ethical behaviour of the members of an organization?

Yang manakah di antara faktor-faktor berikut membentuk tingkah laku yang beretika dalam kalangan ahli sesebuah organisasi?

A. The leadership behaviour Tingkah laku pemimpin

B. Organization culture Budaya organisasi

C. Code of ethics Kod etika

D. * All of the above Semua di atas

11. A set of values, beliefs, goals, norms, and ways of enhancing image on organization is referring to __________ .

Satu set nilai, kepercayaan, matlamat, norma, dan cara cara untuk meningkatkan imej organisasi adalah merujuk kepada ___________ .

A. Corporate social responsibility Tanggungjawab social korporat

B. * Corporate culture Budaya korporat C. Business ethics Etika perniagaan D. Ethical leaderships Kepimpinan etika

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12. Corporate Social Responsibility is ______________ . Tanggungjawab social korporat adalah ____________ .

A. The company’s strategy in achieving goals Strategi syarikat dalam mencapai matlamat

B. The universal standard rules that can be used to guide or evaluate the morality of an act .

Piawaian yang universal atau kaedah-kaedah yang boleh digunakan untuk membimbing atau menilai moral sesuatu perbuatan

C. * The obligation of the company to develop and implement a course of action related to social issues that will impact the society

Kewajiban syarikat yang perlu untuk membangunkan dan melaksanakan isu-isu sosial yang memberi kesan kepada masyarakat

D. The first’s obligation as a moral agent extends beyond its legal and economic obligation, to pursue the term goals

Tanggungjawab firma itu sebagai agen moral melangkaui kewajipan undang-undang dan ekonomi, untung mengejar matlamat jangka panjang

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13. According to the corporate governance, a company has many stakeholders to maximizing their interest include ____________ .

Menurut tadbir urus korporat sesebuah syarikat mempunyai banyak pihak berkepentingan untuk dimaksimumkan kepentingan mereka termasuklah _____________ .

A. Management, customer, supplier, international code Pengurusan, pelanggan, pembekal, kod antarabangsa

B. Customer, supplier, government, national business Pelanggan, pembekal, kerajaan, perniagaan kebangsaan

C. * Supplier, government, communities, employees Pembekal, kerajaan, masyarakat, pekerja

D. Management, costomer, supplier, communities Pengurusan, pelanggan, pembekal, masyarakat

14. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the role of corporate leadership ? Yang manakah jawapan berikut TIDAK TEPAT mengenai peranan kepimpinan korporat ?

A. To respond and enforce consistently, promptly and fairly

Maklum balas dan dikuatkuasakan secara konsisten, segera dan adil

B. To provide timely training to reinforce knowledge

Menyediakan latihan pada masa tertentu untuk mengukuhkan pengetahuan

C. * To ignore the consistent implementation Mengabaikan implementasi yang berterusan

D. To maintain commitment from top management

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15. What is bribes ?

Apakah maksud rasuah ?

A. The act of using one’s position of power in abusive way

Perbuatan menggunakan kedudukan seseorang kuasa dengan cara yang salah

B. * Something such as money or favor being given to a person in a position of trust to influence that person’s view or conduct

Sesuatu seperti wang atau pertolongan yang diberikan kepada seseorang dalam kedudukan beramanah untuk mempengaruhi pandangan oarng itu atau

menjalankan tugas

C. Part of an income paid to a person having influence over the size or payment of the income

Sebahagian daripada pendapatan yang dibayar kepada seseorang yang mempunyai pengaruh ke atas saiz atau pembayaran pendapatan

D. Interaction in business matters, such as prize exchange or entertainment, is a typical practise built by a company to foster goodwill with customer or their business partner

Pergaulan dalam hal-hal perniagaan, seperti pertukaran hadiah atau hiburan adalah amalan biasa yang dibina syarikat untuk muhibah dengan pelanggan atau rakan kongsi perniagaan mereka

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16. Whistledlowing is ethical based on of the following conditions, EXCEPT ; Penyebaran maklumat adalah beretika di bawah semua syarat-syarat berikut, KECUALI ;

A. When the employee identified a serious threat

Apabila pekerja mendapati ianya adalah ancaman yang serius

B. When the company will cause serious and considerable threat to the public Apabila syarikat akan mengakibatkan ancaman yang serius dan besar kepada orang ramai

C. When there is an evidence of wrong doing

APabila terdapatnya bukti terhadap kesalahan tersebut

D. * When it is motivated by financial gain

Apabila ia didorong oleh keuntungan kewangan

17. Which of the following NOT a form of kickbacks ?

Yang manakah di antara berikut BUKAN merupakan bentuk sogokan ?

A. Money Duit B. Gifts Hadiah C. * Remunaration Gaji D. Voucher Baucer

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18. Which of the following is NOT TRUE about the ethical leaders ?

Manakah antara yang berikut adalah TIDAK BENAR tentang kepimpinan beretika ?

A. Ethical leaders have the passion to do right

Pemimpin etika mempunyai semangat untuk melakukan perkara yang betul

B. Ethical leaders are role models for the organozation’s value Pemimpin etika adalah contoh nilai yang baik untuk organisasi

C. Ethical leaders consider stakeholders’ interest

Pemimpin beretika mengambil kira kepentingan pihak berkepentingan

D. * Ethical leaders help others to feel empowered

Pemimpin beretika membantu orang lain untuk rasa berkuasa

19. Which of the following is one of the factors that shape the ethical behaviour of the members of an organization ?

Yang manakah antara berikut merupakan salah satu faktor yang membentuk kelakuan yang beretika ahli-ahli dalam organisasi ?

A. * Corporate culture Budaya korporat B. Whistle blower Pemberi maklumat C. Supplier Pembekal D. Customer Pelanggan

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20. Effective leader is one of key element in the success of a group and anyone can learn to be an effective leader. Which of the following is the NOT a characteristic of effective leader ?

Pemimpin yang berkesan adalah salah satu elemen penting dalam kejayaan kumpulan dan setiap orang boleh belajar untuk menjadi pemimpin yang berkesan. Yang

manakah antara berikut merupakan BUKAN ciri pemimpin yang berkesan /

A. They admit their mistake Mereka mengaku kesalahan

B. They do what they say they will do

Mereka membuat paa yang mereka kata akan buat

C. They are honest Mereka jujur

D. * They do not create a trusting and open climate

Mereka tidak mewujudkan suasana yang mempercayai dan terbuka

21. Which is the following is one of the qualities of effective leader ?

Yang manakah antara berikut salah satu daripada kualiti pemimpin yang berkesan ?

A. Complex Kompleks B. Discourage Hilang keyakinan C. * Integrity Integrity D. Obey Patuh

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22. Employees should obey their employer because ______________ . Para pekerja seharusnya patuh kepada majikan kerana ____________ .

A. Employer is a generous and well-known person in their place Majikan adalah seorang yang pemurah dan terkenal di tempat kerja

B. The company has a good image which can bring future for them

Syarikat mempunyai imej yang baik yang boleh memberikan masa depan yang baik untuk mereka

C. They need high financial compensation when they follow all the direction

Mereka memerlukan imbuhan kewangan yang tinggi apabila mereka patuh kepada semua arahan

D. * Those directive are job-related and do not violate legal or ethical duties Semua arahan yang diberi adalah berkaitan dengan pekerjaan dan juga tidak melanggar undang-undang dan tanggungjawab etika

23. Which of the following answer is NOT TRUE about the managerial responsibility ? Manakah antara yang berikut adalah TIDAK BENAR tentang tanggungjawab pengurusan ?

A. * To develop and maintain professional competence and expertise Membangunkan dan mengekalkan tahap professional dan kepakaran

B. To represent the best interest of the company performance Mengambil berat tentang perkembangan syarikat

C. To involve conflict of interest in their management

Melibatkan konflik berkepentingan dalam pengurusan mereka

D. To serve variety of stakeholder

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24. Work can be described as ___________ . Kerja boleh diterangkan sebagai _________ .

A. To obey the instruction Patut kepada peraturan

B. A strong work ethics and contribute to self-image among employees

Etika kerja yang kuat dan menyumbang kepada imej kendiri dalam kalangan pekerja

C. * Activities that involve perseverance, discipline, toil. Usually perform to particular accomplishments

Aktiviti yang melibatkan ketabahan, disiplin, kerja keras, yang biasanya dilaksanakan untuk pencapaian tertentu

D. Sells ethical stocks and shares portfolios to investors Jual saham dan portfolio etika kepada pelabur

25. Responsibilities of employees involve all of the following EXCEPT ; Tanggungjawab pekerja yang melibatkan semua yang berikut KECUALI ;

A. Trust Percaya B. Responsible Bertanggungjawab C. Cooperate Kerjasama D. * Decision maker Pembuat keputusan

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SECTION B: 75 MARKS BAHAGIAN B : 75 MARKAH

INSTRUCTION:

This section consists of THREE (3) essay question. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN:

Bahagian ini mengandungi TIGA (3) soalan esei. Jawab SEMUA soalan.

QUESTION 1 SOALAN 1

(a) Describe the following terms: Terangkan terma-terma berikut:

i. Social Ethics Etika Sosial [3 marks] [3 markah] ii. Morality Moral [2 marks] [2 markah]

(b) Identify FIVE (5) characteristics of the best ethics to be practiced. Kenalpasti LIMA (5) ciri etika terbaik untuk dipraktikkan.

[10 marks] [10 markah]

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(c) Describe TWO (2) characteristic of the following leaders that will establish corporate culture.

Terangkan DUA (2) ciri pemimpin berikut untuk mewujudkan budaya korporat.

i. Ethical leaders Pemimpin beretika

[5 marks] [5 markah] ii. Effective leaders

Pemimpin efektif

(a) It is generally recognized that well-governed companies should demonstrate several concepts that apply to sound corporate governance in organization. The need for good criteria is evidence of good management and well-run company. Describe FOUR (4) criteria to achieve good corporate governance.

Secara umumnya diakui bahawa syarikat yang diuruskan dengan baik sepatutnya menggunakan beberapa konsep tadbir urus yang baik dalam organisasi. Perlunya kriteria yang baik ini menjadi bukti bahawa syarikat berkenaan dikelolakan dengan baik di samping pengurusan yang bagus. Terangkan EMPAT (4) kriteria dalam mencapai tadbir urus yang baik.

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(b) Interpret the terms below: Tafsirkan terma-terma di bawah:

i. Corporate governance Tadbir urus korporat

[5 marks] [5 markah] ii. Corporate social responsibily

Tanggungjawab social korporat

[5 marks] [5 markah] iii. Stakeholder Model

Model Pihak Berkepentingan

(a) Explain TWO (2) ways to manage conflict of interest

Terangkan DUA (2) cara untuk menguruskan konflik kepentingan

(b) Conflict of interest occur when the personal interest of manager interfere with the professional judgement of manager. Interprete FIVE (5) effects of conflict of interest. Konflik kepentingan berlaku apabila kepentingan peribadi seorang pengurus telah mengganggu pertimbangan professional pengurusan. Tafsirkan LIMA (5) kesan konflik berkepentingan di tempt kerja.

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(c) Interpret with suitable example these following terms. Tafsirkan berserta contoh yang sesuai terma-terma di bawah.

i. Abuse of official position Salahguna kuasa rasmi

[4 marks] [4 markah] ii. Bribes Rasuah [2 marks] [2 markah] iii. Kickback Sogokan [2 marks] [2 markah]

iv. Insider trading Orang dalam

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SECTION B: 75 MARKS BAHAGIAN B : 75 MARKAH

INSTRUCTION:

This section consists of THREE (3) essay question. Answer ALL questions. ARAHAN:

Bahagian ini mengandungi TIGA (3) soalan esei. Jawab SEMUA soalan.

(d) Describe the following terms: Terangkan terma-terma berikut:

iii. Social Ethics Etika Sosial

[3 marks] [3 markah] Answer scheme :

- The words “ethics” is derived from the Greek ethos - Meaning ‘customary’ or ‘conventional’.

- It can be described as a set of principles that contains behavioural codes to determine what is right or wrong.

iv. Morality Moral

- Morality is concerned with the norms, values and beliefs.

- Morality are embedded in social processes which define right or wrong for an individual or a community.

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(e) Identify FIVE (5) characteristics of the best ethics to be practiced. Kenalpasti LIMA (5) ciri etika terbaik untuk dipraktikkan.

1. A business should always consider suppliers as stakeholders

- Such a practise is clearly deemed wrong when a company decides to stop doing their business with a dedicated supplier and without very good reason or an emple time period before terminating its contact.

2. A successful business always meets all its obligations towards others

- a firm should pay a debts to another firm before the deadline. The creditors who work for a business are sometimes paid later and it is morally very obnoxious is they don’t get their full payments when they are due.

3. A business should have clear documents

- Explain well all the minor details of circumstances so that all the dealings remain crystal clear

- Nothing should be misrepresented or misinterpreted.

4. Collaborating with another company

- It has to be wearing particular in its ethical practices for the venture to be successful

- The two business partners should have balanced and mutual benefit work agreements

5. A company should treat other business companies with outmost respect regardless of the sizes of the firm

- when a business representative is sitting in meeting where all the business companies have gathered to discuss the problems faced by the industry

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(f) Describe TWO (2) characteristic of the following leaders that will establish corporate culture.

Terangkan DUA (2) ciri pemimpin berikut untuk mewujudkan budaya korporat.

iii. Ethical leaders Pemimpin beretika

a. Modelling ethics

- If you want your workers to behave ethically, you must behave in that manner.

- Serve as a model ethics for your workers by telling them that you expect them to behave in an ethical manner and doing so yourself.

b. Giving employees voice

- Show your workers that they are more than just numbers but instead valuable.

- Parts of your business by empowering them and giving them avoice in your decision-making process.

c. considering impact of decisions

- before making any decision, consider the impact that decision could have own your employees and customers.

- Allow the degree of this impact to inform your decion-making process d. Promoting community involvement

- Donate goods to area charitable organizations, and encourage employees to volunteer their time.

- Offer an incentive to employees who volunteer

iv. Effective leaders Pemimpin efektif

[5 marks] [5 markah] Answe scheme :

a. Good leaders have emotional maturity

- Emotionally immature leaders feel that they have to have the answer to every situation.

- Emotionally matured leaders will have the stamina to resist emotions and stay calm in stressful and positive attitudes

b. Good leaders are financially stable

- Personal financial issues have a way of becoming extremely stressful and time consuming.

- Negatively impact decision-making ability-avoid corruption, bery, insider trading.

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c. Responsible sourcing

- When seeking goods necessary to make your product or complete the services you perform, source them rensponsibly.

- Provide sufficient resources for production.

(c) It is generally recognized that well-governed companies should demonstrate several concepts that apply to sound corporate governance in organization. The need for good criteria is evidence of good management and well-run company. Describe FOUR (4) criteria to achieve good corporate governance.

Secara umumnya diakui bahawa syarikat yang diuruskan dengan baik sepatutnya menggunakan beberapa konsep tadbir urus yang baik dalam organisasi. Perlunya kriteria yang baik ini menjadi bukti bahawa syarikat berkenaan dikelolakan dengan baik di samping pengurusan yang bagus. Terangkan EMPAT (4) kriteria dalam mencapai tadbir urus yang baik.

1.Independence

- Minimise or avoid completely potential conflict or interest that could arise such as auditor has known the company’s management for a long time. He may develop personal friendship that blind him to management failings and shortcomings.

2.Acccountability

- Should be accountable for the decisions they make and the actions they take. - Shareholders should be able to assess the actions of their board of directors

and the committees of the board and have the opportunity to query them. 3. Reputation

- A reputation may be good or bad and may be an asset or a hindrance.

- For any company that has shares traded on a market, a good reputation is a key asset.

- Bad reputation can destroyed overnight by a badly handled catastrophe or badly publicity. Recovery of a damaged reputation takes time.

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4.Fairness

- Refers to the principles that all shareholders should receive equal consideration.

- For example, Minority shareholders should be treated in the same way as majority shareholders.

5.Responsibility

- Any individual or group with authority and responsibility in the organization should be held accountable for their achievement and performance.

- Mismanaged should be penalized. 6.Openness

- Willingness to provide information to individual or groups about the company (without giving away commercially sensitive information).

- Shareholders and investors in a company need to know what is happening or the position of the company. They have right to make it and will benefit from timely information.

7.Transparency

- Outsider is able to make a meaningful analysis of a company and its action. - Transparency refers to both information about the financial position of the

company and non-financial issue such as the direction company is taking, its strategic objective and so on.

(d) Interpret the terms below: Tafsirkan terma-terma di bawah:

iv. Corporate governance Tadbir urus korporat

- Corporate governance is the system of rules, practices and processes by which a company id directed and controlled.

- Corporate governance essentially involves balancing the interests of a company’s many stakeholders, such as shareholders, management, customers, suppliers, financiers, government and the community. - Since corporate governance also provides the framework for attaining

a company’s objectives.

- It encompasses practically every sphere of management.

- Action plans and internal controls to performance measurement and corporate disclosure.

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v. Corporate social responsibily Tanggungjawab social korporat

[5 marks] [5 markah] - Corporate social responsibility, often abbreviated “CSR.”

- CSR is a corporation’s initiative to assess and take responsibility for the company’s effects on environmental and social wellbeing. - The term generally applies to efforts that go beyond what may be

required by regulators or environmental protection groups. - CSR may also be referred to as “corporate citizenship”.

- CSR can involve incurring short-term costs that do not provide an immediate financial benefit to the company , but instead promote positive social and environmental change.

vi. Stakeholder Model

Model Pihak Berkepentingan

- A person , group or organization that has interest or concern in an organization.

- Stakeholders can affect or be affected by the organization’s actions, objectives and policies.

- Some examples of key stakeholders are creditors, directors, employees, government (and its agencies), owners (shareholders), suppliers,

unions, and the community from which the business draws its resources.

- Not all stakeholders are equal. A company’s customers are entitled to fair trading practices but they are not entitled to the same consideration as the company’s employees.

- An example of a negative impact on stakeholders is when a company needs to cut costs and plans a rouns of layoffs.

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(d) Explain TWO (2) ways to manage conflict of interest

Terangkan DUA (2) cara untuk menguruskan konflik kepentingan

i. Develop a clear policy on disclosure

- So that all employees or board members know what outside interests must be divulged.

- Sometimes these issues are suppressed not because of ill-intent but because the person either did not recognize the conflict or did not fully this close it in good time.

ii. Record and register

- Recording this closure of conflict of interest in a register is an important first step. However, this does not necessarily resolve the conflict.

- It may be necessary to access the situation and determine whether one or more of the following strategies is also required.

iii. Restrict/Recruit

- When restrictions are placed on your involvement in the matter to oversee park or all of the process that deals with the matter. - Recruiting an independent person to be considered

- If it is not practical for the officer to restrict their involvement, an independent third party may need to be engaged to participate in, oversee or review the integrity of the decision making.

iv. Remove

- For ongoing serious conflict of interest where restriction or recruitment of others is not appropriate.

- The member does not participate at all the matter.

(e) Conflict of interest occur when the personal interest of manager interfere with the professional judgement of manager. Interprete FIVE (5) effects of conflict of interest. Konflik kepentingan berlaku apabila kepentingan peribadi seorang pengurus telah mengganggu pertimbangan professional pengurusan. Tafsirkan LIMA (5) kesan konflik berkepentingan di tempt kerja.

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Answer scheme :

i. Loss of profit’s company ii. Bad perception to the company iii. Loss loyalty another organization iv. Exist this satisfaction employees

v. Exist a bad relationship between managers and employees

(f) Interpret with suitable example these following terms. Tafsirkan berserta contoh yang sesuai terma-terma di bawah.

v. Abuse of official position Salahguna kuasa rasmi

- The use of one’s official position for personal game is often an abuse of power.

- This abuse can exist when a conflict of interest leads to disloyalty such as a manager use of his job to help his brother in law.

- Violet one obligation to the organization.

- Examples : Using corporate funds for private purpose such health club membership, extravagant parties, vacation travel.

vi. Bribes Rasuah

- A bribe is a payment made with the expectation that someone will act against their work duties.

- Bribes can be very serious when it leads to neglect or reckleass behaviour that can injure people.

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vii. Kickback Sogokan

Answer scheme :

- Kickbacks are a form of bribery that is attained after a person users their work position to benefit someone.

- If the judge gets paid after sending a person to the private prison, then the bribe is a kickback.

viii. Insider trading Orang dalam

- Insider trading is when one person has access to information that’s unavailable to the public.

- Will likely have an impact on stop prices.

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