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1 9 8 9
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STABI LI TAS KADAR RI F AMP I S I NA DALAM SI RUP KERI NG
DI BUAT UNTUK MEMENUHI S YARAT MENCAP AI GELAR S ARJ ANA F ARMAS I
P ADA F AKULTAS F ARMAS I UNI VERS I TAS AI RLANGGA
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Di s e t u j u i o l e h Pe mb: SKRI PSI
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MAMI K PRI YANTI
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KATA PJ BNGANI AR
P u j i s y u k u r k e h a d i r a t Al l a h SWT, y a n g t e l a h me mb e r i - k a n r a h ma t d a n h i d a y a h n y a , s e h i n g g a k a mi ma mp u me n g a t a s i h a mb a t a n - h a mb a t a n d a l a m p e n y e l e s a i a n t u g a s a k h i r i n i .
P a d a k e s e mp a t a n i n i , d e n g a n p e n u h r a s a h o r ma t k a mi me n y a mp a i k a n t e r i ma k a s i h k e p a d a :
1. I b u DR. Wi j i S o e r a t r i , Ba p a k Dr s . S o e g i h a r t o H f d a n S t a f p e n g a j a r j u r u s a n P a r ma s e t i k a F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i - Un i v e r a i t a s Ai r l a n g g a y a n g t e l a h me mb i mb i n g k a mi d a - l a m p e n y e l e s a i a n t u g a s a k h i r i n i ,
2. Ke p a l a l a b o r a t o r i u m Da s a r Be r s a ma Un i v e r s i t a s . Ai r . - l a n g g a , Ke p a l a La b o r a t o r i u m I n s t r u me n t a l F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a a t a s s e g a l a f a s i l i t a s y a n g k a mi p e r g u n a k a n u n t u k me l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n i n i .
3. Ba p a k Dr s . Mu h mu l j a d a r i s t a f p e n g a j a r Ki mi a f a r ma s i F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a y a n g t e l a h b a - n y a k me mb a n t u h i n g g a t u g a s a k h i r i n i s e l e s a i .
4-. Ke t u a j u r u s a n F a r ma s e t i k a d a n Ke p a l a l a b o r a t o r i u m P r £ s k r i p s i & F o r mu l a s i j u r u s a n F a r ma s e t i k a F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a y a n g t e l a h me mb a n t u s e g a l a
f a s i l i t a s y a n g k a mi p e r g u n a k a n u n t u k me l a k u k a n p e n e - l i t i a n i n i s a mp a i s e l e s a i .
5, I b u , a d i k , s e r t a k a k a k - k a k a k k u y a n g t e l a h b a n y a k me m b a n t u b a i k mo r i l ma u p u n ma t e r i i l .
6. Te ma n - t e ma n k u d a n s e mu a p i h a k y a n g t i d a k mu n g k i n k a mi s e b u t k a n s a t u - p e r s a t u , y a n g t e l a h me mb a n t u
me n y e l e s a i k a n t u g a s a k h i r i n i *
7. P a n i t i a s k r i p s i y a n g t e l a h b e r k e n a n me r a e r i k s a s k r i p s i k a mi *
S e mo g a b a n t u a n Ba p a k , I b u , S a u d a r a - s a u d a r a me n d a p a t b a l a s a n d a r i Al l a h SWT. Ami n ,
Ak h i r k a t a , s k r i p s i i n i k a mi p e r s e mb a h k a n k e p a d a Al - ma ma t e r t e r c i n t a F a k u l t a s F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a , d e n g a n h a r a p a n s e mo g a p e n e l i t i a n i n i d a p a t b e r ma n f a a t b a g i k i t a s e mu a , Ami n ,
DAF T AR L' i l
Ha l a ma n
Ka t a p e n g a n t a r . . . '. . . i
Da f t a r i s i . . . i i i Da f t a r t a b e l . . . v
Da f t a r g a mb a r
.
. . . v i i Da f t a r l a mp i r a n . . . i x Ri n g k a s a n . . . xBAB I . P ENDAHULUAN . . . 1
I I . TI NJ AUAN P US TAKA . . . 4
1 1 . 1 , S t a b i l i t a s s e d i a a n o b a t . . . 4.
1 1 . 2 , P e n e n t u a n s t a b i l i t a s . . . 7
1 1 . 3, Ri f a mp i s i n a . . . . 10
I I I . BAHAN, ALAT, METODA P ENELI TI AN . . . 14
1 1 1 . 1 . Ba h a n - b a h a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e - n e l i t i a n . . . 1 4 1 1 1 . 2. Al a t - a l a t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e - l i t i a n . . . H 1 1 1 . 3. Me t o d a k e r j a . . . 15
1 1 1 . 3 . 1 . P e me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a . 1 5 1 1 1 . 3 . 2 . P e mb u a t a n s e d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i - f a mp i s i n a . . . 1 5 1 1 1 . 3 . 3 . P e me r i k s a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a . . . 1 7 1 1 1 . 3 . 4 . Ko n d i s i p e n y i mp a n a n s e d i a a n . . . 17 1 1 1 . 3 . 5 . P e n g a mb i l a n c u p l i k a n . . . 1 8
111, 3. 6# Pe n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m
-s i r u p k e r i n g . . . 19 I I I . 3 . &. 1 . P e mb u a t a n k u r v a b a k u . . . 1 9 I I I . 3. 6, . 2. P e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m
c u p l i k a n . . . 19 I I I , 3 . 7 . P e n g o l a h a n d a t a . . . 19
I V. HA8 I L PJ 2 NKLI TI AN . . . 2 6 V. P BMBAHAS AN . . . 51 VI . KES I MP ULAN . . . 58 VI I . SARAN . . . 5 9 VI I I . DAF TAR P US TAKA . . . 6 0
M I L I K. P E R P U S T A K A A N " U N I V E R S I T A S A I R L A N G G A "
DAJ ? TAR TABt f L
TABEL Ha l a ma n
I , P e me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a . , 2 6 I I . Le mb a b u d a r a y a n g d i s e r a p o l e h s i r u p
k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a s e t e l a h d d s i mp a n -p a d a i n t e r v a l wa k t u t e r t e n t u d e n g a n
b e b e r a p a ma c a m k e l e mb a b a n . . . 29' I H- a . Ni l a i r e s a p a n b e b e r a p a k o n s e n t r a a i l a
r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7 , 4 0 p a d a r e n t a n g ‘p a n j a n g g e l o m
b a n g 4 5 0 - 4 9 0 n m . . . 3 2 b. Ni l a i r e s a p a n l a r u t a n r i f a mp i a i n a d a
l a m d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7 , 4 0 d a r i b e b e r a p a k o n s e n t r a s i p a d a p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g
4 7 2 n m . . . 34 c. Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a
( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
4 5 ^ - 4 7 % . . . 36. d , Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a
( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
68%- 69%
. . . 3 8 e . Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
7696- 7796 . . . 4 0 f , Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a
( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
8 0 %- 8 1 % . . . 4 2 g, Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
BQ%- 9 0 %
. . . 44I V . An a l i s a v a r i a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a - y a n g t i n g g a l
{ %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a np a d a b e b e r a p a k e l e mb a b a n . . . 4 8 V , Ha r g a k, t ^ Q> t g Q d a r i s i r u p k e r i n g
r i f a mp i s i n a . . . 5 0 h , Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r a t a - r a t a r i
f a mp i s i n a ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a
DAF TAR GAMBAR
Gam' f r ar Ha l a ma n
1. S p e k t r a a b s o r p s i i n f r a me r a h r i f a mp i
-s i r i a r a e nur ut p u -s t a k a . . . 7 2. S p e k t r a a b s o r p s i i n f r a me r a h r i f a mp i
s i n a y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n , 7 3« Ku r v a k a d a r l e mba b. y a n g d i s e r a p o l e h
s i r u p k e r i n g ( %) t e r h a d a p wa k t u p e -
n y i mp a n a n ( h a r i ) . . . 3 0 4# Ku r v a
%
l e mb a b u d a r a y a n g d i s e r a po l e h s i r u p k e r i n g t e r h a d a p
%
k e l e mb a - t b a n u d a r a r e l a t i f s e t e l a h d i s i mp a ns e l a ma 30, 60, 9 0 h a r i . . .
31
5. Ku r v a n i l a i r e s a p a n t e r h a d a p p a n j a n g - g e l o mb a n g d a r i l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a - d a l a m d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7, 4i O p a d a k o n -
s e n t r a s i 15, 30, 4. 0 mc g/ r a l . . . 3 3 6. Ku r v a b a k u n i l a i r e s a p a n t e r h a d a p k o n
s e n t r a s i d a r i l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a
l a m d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7 , 4 0 . . . 35 7. . Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h -
t i n g g a l ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e
l e mb a b a n 4596—4 . 796. . . 37 8 * Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h
t i n g g a l
{%)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n
68%- 69%
. . . 39 9, Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i ht i n g g a l
( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 7 6 %- 7 7 %. . . 41 1 0 . Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h
t i n g g a l
{ %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e 1 1 , Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h - t i n g g a l ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e
l e mb a b a n
Q8 %~3 0 %
. . . 45' 1 2 , Ku r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h■ t i n g g a l ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a b e
DAF T AR LAMP I RAN
La mp i r a n Ha l a ma n
1. Da f t a r k e l e mb a b a n r e l a t i f
( %)
. . .63
2. Vo l u me s e d i me n t a s i s u s p e n s i r i f a mp i s i n a
p a d a p e n y i mp a n a n s a mp a i 7 h a r i . . .
64
3. Ku r v a v o l u me s e d i me n t a s i s u s p e n s i r i
f a mp i s i n a
( %)
t e r h a d a p wa k t u . . . 65 4 . Uk u r a n p a r t i k e l s u s p e n s i r i f a mp i s i n a -d a l a m s k a l a o k u l e r . . . 6 6 5-. Uk u r a n p a r t i k e l s u s p e n s i r i f a mp i s i n a ( M) 6 7 6. P e r h i t u n g a n d i a me t e r p a r t i k e l s u s p e n s i
r i f a mp i s i n a . . . 6 8 7.
5%
p o i n t s f o r t h e F d i s t r i b u t i o n . . . 69 8 . Th e Q t a b l e . . . 7 0 9 . Va l u e s o f r . . . 711 0 . Co n t o h p e r h i t u n g a n k,
^ 90
. . . 7 2 1 1 . Ha s i l p e r h i t u n g a n HS D . . . 7 3 12: . . S p e k t r a ^ a b s o r p s i UV d a r i r i f a mp i s i n a , . 7 4 1 3 . S e r t i f i k a t a n a l i s a r i f a mp i s i n a . . . 7 5 1 4 * Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a np a d a r u a n g a n b e r - AG d e n g a n b e r b a g a i k e
l e mb a b a n . . . • • • . 7 6
RI NGKAS AN
- Te l a h d i l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n t e n t a n g p e n g a r u h k e l e mb a b a n t e r h a d a p s t a b i l i t a s k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m s i r u p - k e r i n g .
S i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a d i b u a t d e n g a n d o s i s l a z i m u n t u k a n a k - a n a k , d a n d i a s u ms i k a n u n t u k a n a k d e n g a n b e r a t b a d a n 3 0 k g . F o r mu l a s i r u p k e r i n g j u g a d d l e n g k a p i d e n g a n a n t i o k s i d a n , p e n g a we t , p e n s u s p e n s i , d a n d a p a r p H 7 , 4 0 .
Ko n d i s i p e n y i mp a n a n d i l a k u k a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 4-596 - 4- 7%, 6896- 6996, 7. 696- 7796, 8096- 81%, 8896- 90%, d a l a m r u a n g a n
b e r - A C .
P e n e t a p a n s t a b i l i t a s d i l a k u k a n d e n g a n me n e n t u k a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l p a d a s e t i a p wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n , d e n g a n me n g g u n a k a n S p e k t r o f o t o me t e r .
P ENDAHULUAN B A B I
Ri fa mp i s i n a a d a l a h a n t i b i o t i k a d e r i v a t r i f a mi s i n a
y a n g d a p a t d i g u n a k a n s e c a r a o r a l d a n me r u p a k a n ^ s a l a h s a t u
o b a t t e r p i l i h u n t u k p e n g o b a t a n t u b e r k u l o s e . Ha l i n i d i s e
-b a -b k a n o l e h a k t i v i t a s n y a y a n g t i n g g i me l a wa n My c o -b a c t e r i
u m s p , t o k s i e i t a s n y a y u n g r e n d a h , c e p a t d i a b s o r p s i , d a n
e l i mi n a s i n y a y a n g l a mb a t , s e r t a t i d a k me n u n j u k k a n a d a n y a
r e s i s t e n s i s i l a n g d e n g a n j e n i s a n t i b i o t i k a l a i n d i l u a r
g o l o n g a n r i f a mi s i n a . ( 1 , 2 , 3 )
Di s a mp i n g o r a n g d e wa s a d a n u s i a l a n j u t , p e n y a k i t t u
-b e r k u l o s a j u g a me n y e r a n g a n a k - a n a k . Ba h k a n d a r i d a t a
s t a t i s t i k p e r i o d e t a h u n 1 9 6 9 - 1 9 7 2 d i n e g a r a - n e g a r a As i a
4- 0- 80# a n a k - a n a k t e r s e r a n g p e n y a k i t t u b e r k u l o s a . (4-)
P e n g o b a t a n p a d a a n a k a n a k d a n u s i a l a n j u t a k a n r ne nga
-l a mi k e s u k a r a n b i -l a d i b e r i k a n d a -l a m b e n t u k s e d i a a n k a p s u -l ,
t a b l e t a t a u pi l , s e h i n g g a p e r l u d i u s a h a k a n b e n t u k s e d i a a n
c a i r y a n g l e b i h mu d a h p e n g g u n a a n n y a . De n g a n me l i h a t s i f a t
s i f a t r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i d a k l a r u t d a l a m a i r d a n s t a b i
-l i t a s n y a y a n g k u r a n g d a -l a m b e n t u k c a i r a n , ma k a d i b u a t s e
d i a a n y a n g d a p a t r a e mp e r t a h a n k a n s t a b i l i t a s r i f a mp i s i n a
d a n p r a k t i s d a l a m p e n g g u n a a n n y a y a i t u d a l a m b e n t u k s i r u p
-k e r i n g y a n g d a p a t d i r e -k o n s t i t u s i me n j a d i s e d i a a n c a i r p a
d a s a a t a k a n d i g u n a k a n .
Su a t u s e d i a a n f a r ma s i d i k a t a k a n l a i k e d a r b i l a t e l a h
me me n u h i b e b e r a p a p e r s y a r a t a n y a n g s a l a h s a t u n y a a d a l a h
1
o e d i a a n h a r u s s t a b i l , b u l k s t a b i l s e c a r a k i mi a , f i s i k a ,
t o k s i k o l o g i s , t e r a p e u t i s , ma u p u n mi k r o b i o l o g i s , d a n s a
-l a h s a t u p e t u n j u k u t a ma d a r i s t a b i -l i t a s k i mi a a d a -l a h k a
d a r b a h a n a k t i f y a n g r e l a t i f k o n s t a n . ( 5)
Se p e r t i y a n g t e l a h d i b i c a r a k a n t e r d a h u l u , r i f a mp i s i n a
mu d a h t e r u r a i d e n g a n a d a n y a a i r , b a i k a i r s e b a g a i me d i a
a t a u a i r y a n g b e r a s a l d a r i k e l e mb a b a n . Ke l e mb a b a n u d a r a
y a n g t i n g g i d i n e g a r a k i t a ( , 60%- 80%) me r u p a k a n f a k t o r y a n g
t a k d a p a t d i a b a i k a n t e r h a d a p s e d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a m
-p i s i n a . Da l a m s i r u -p k e r i n g a b s o r -p s i a i r t e r u t a ma d i d u k u n g
o l e h k o mp o n e n - k o mp o n e n s e d i a a n y a n g b e r s i f a t h i g r o s k o p i s
b a i k b e r u p a g u l a , d a p a r , d a n l a i n s e b a g a i n y a . ( 6)
S e c a r a k i mi a , u a p a i r a t a u l e mb a b y a n g d i s e r a p me r u
p a k a n me d i a t e r j a d i n y a p e r u r a i a n k i mi a ( h i d r o l i s a ) d a n
s e l a n j u t n y a me n y e b a b k a n t e r j a d i n y a p e r u b a h a n k a d a r d a n ..
a t a u p o t e n s i o b a t a k t i f . Se l a i n i t u. , k e a d a a n y a n g l e mb a b
j u g a me r u p a k a n k o n d i s i y a n g b a i k u n t u k p e r t u mb u h a n j a mu r .
(6)
Te r t a r i k p a d a ma s a l a h t e r s e b u t , ma k a d a l a m t u g a s
a k h i r i n i d i l a k u k a n p e n e l i t i a n me n g e n a i p e n g a r u h k e l e mb a
b a n t e r h a d a p s t a b i l i t a s k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m s i r u p k e
r i n g .
S i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a d i b u a t d e n g a n d o s i s l az im
u n t u k a n a k a n a k y a i t u 1 0 2 0 mg / k g BB/ h a r i , d a n d i a s u ms i
-k a n u n t u -k a n a -k - a n a -k d e n g a n b e r a t b a d a n r a t a - r a t a 30 -k g
F o r mu l a r i f a mp i s i n a d i l e n g k a p i d e n g a n a n t i o k s i d a n a s a m
3
Di s a mp i n g i t u j u g a d i t a mb a h k a n n a t r i u m k a r b o k s i r a et i l
s e l u l o s e s e b a g a i b a h a n p e n s u s p e n s i , n i p a g i n s e b a g a i pe
-n g a we t , d a -n d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7 , 4 0 d e -n g a -n p e r t i mb a -n g a -n b a h
wa s t a b i l i t a s o p t i mu m r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m me d i a c a i r a d a
-l a h p a d a pH 7 , 4 0 . ( 7 , 8 , 9 )
Tu j u a n p e n e l i t i a n i ni i a l a h u n t u k me n g e t a h u i s e j a u h
ma n a s t a b i l i t a s k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m s i r u p k e r i n g
y a n g d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n u d a r a y a n g b e r v a r i a s i y a
-i t u 4. 596- 47#, 6 8 %- 6 9 %, 7 6 ^ - 7 7 %, 80) 6- 8196, 8 8 ^ - 9 0 # . De n g a n
me n g e t a h u i p e n g a r u h k e l e mb a b a n , s e l a n j u t n y a d a p a t d i a t u r
k e l e mb a b a n s e d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a a g a r d i p e r
-o l e h s e d i a a n y a n g s t a b i l d a n me mp u n y a i e f e k f a r ma k -o l -o g i k
o p t i ma l .
B A B I I
TI NJ AUAN P US TAKA
I I . 1, S t a b i l i t a s s e d i a a n o b a t
S t a b i l i t a s o b a t me r u p a k a n p e r i o d e , di r a a na o b a t
i t u d a l a m k e ma s a n t e r t e n t u d a n d i s i mp a n s e s u a i d e
-n g a -n c a r a - c a r a d a -n p a d a s u h u y a -n g d i t e t a p k a -n ma s i h
me mi l i k i k a d a r y a n g k o n s t a n , d a n s e d i a a n n y a b e r b e n
-t u k s e p e r -t i s e mu l a d a n -t i d a k b e r u b a h .
Ka d a r za t d i a n g g a p k o n s t a n , a p a b i l a k a d a r y a n g d i
-t e n -t u k a n d e n g a n me -t o d a a n a l i s a y a n g s p e s i f i k , -t i d a k
k u r a n g d a r i 9 0
%
d a r i p a d a a p a y a n g d i d e k l a r a s i k a n, {%
)
US P XI X me n c a n t u mk a n k r i t e r i a d e r a j a t s t a b i l i
-t a s y a n g ma s i h d a p a -t d i -t e r i ma s e p e r -t i y a n g -t e r -t e r a
d a l a m p r o c e e d i n g Ko n g r e s I l mi a h Pa r ma s i k e I I I d a n
a d a 5 t i p e s t a b i l i t a s y a i t u ; ( 5 , 1 0 )
- S t a b i l i t a s k i mi a b e r a r t i b a h wa s e t i a p z a t a k t i f
d a l a m s e d i a a n t e t a p me mi l i k i s i f a t k i mi a d a n p o
-t e n s i . s e s u a i d e n g a n p e r s y a r a -t a n b a k u .
- S t a b i l i t a s f i s i k a me n u n j u k k a n b a h wa s i f a t - s i f a t
f i s i k a y a n g s e mu l a , t e r ma s u k b e n t u k , h o mo g e n i t a s ,
k e l a r u t a n d a n s e b a g a i n y a t i d a k b e r u b a h .
- S t a b i l i t a s mi k r o b i o l o g i b e r a r t i b a h wa s t e r i l i t a s
d a n r e s i s t e n s i t e r h a d a p b e r k e mb a n g b i a k n y a mi k r o
-o r g a n i s me t e t a p pi a s i h me me n u h i p e r s y a r a t a n , d a n
b a h a n p e n g a we t y a n g t e r k a n d u n g ma s i h t e t a p e f e k t i f
d a l a m b a t a o - b a t a s t e r t e n t u .
S t a b i l i t a s t e r a p e u t i k b e r a r t i b a h wa , e f e k t e r a p e
-u t i k t i d a k b e r -u b a h .
5
- S t a b i l i t a s t o k s i k o l o g i s me n u n j u k k a n b a h wa t i d a k
t e r l i h a t p e n i n g k a t a n t o k s i s i t a s .
S t a b i l i t a s o b a t d i p e n g a r u h i o l e h . . a d a n y a f a k t o r
f a k t o r i n t e r n a l d a n e k s t e r n a l . Fa k t o r i n t e r n a l y a
i t u a d a n y a i n t e r a k s i b a h a n o b a t d a l a m s e d i a a n , s e
-d a n g k a n f a k t o r e k s t e r n a l mc l i p u t i , ( 5 , 1 2 )
- Su h u
Su h u t i n g g i ( pa na s ) da pa t me n g i n d u k s i r e a k s i - r e -
a k s i oks i da s i , p o l i mor f i 3ma , da n p e r u r a i a n da r i
o b a t .
- £ H
p H s a n g a t me mp e n g a r u h i s t a b i l i t a s o b a t , s e b a b t i
-a p - t i -a p o b -a t me mp u n y -a i pH s t -a b i l i t -a s s e n d i r i .
- Caha. ya
Ca h a y a d a p a t me n y e b a b k a n t e r j a d i n y a p e r u b a h a n p a
d a s e d i a a n k a r e n a r e a k s i f o t o d e k o mp o s i s i d a r i o
-b a t .
- Mi k r o o r g a n i s me
P e r t u mb u h a n mi k r o o r g a n i s me me n y e b a b k a n me n i n g k a t
n y a t o k s i s i t a s k a r e n a d e g r a d a s i o b a t a t a u za t -za t
y a n g d i h a s i l k a n o l e h mi k r o o r g a n i s me i t u.
- Ke l e mb a b a n
Le mb a b u d a r a me mp u n y a i p e n g a r u h ya ng, c u k u p b e r a r
-t i b a g i b a h a n o b a -t a -t a u s e d i a a n f a r ma s i d a l a m
b e n t u k p a d a t t e r u t a ma y a n g b e r s i f a t h i g r o s k o p i s
d a n t i d a k s t a b i l d e n g a n a d a n y a a i r . ( 6 , 1 2 )
Ua p a i r y a n g d i s e r a p me r u p a k a n me d i a r e a k s i k i mi a
p e r u r a i a n . Me k a n i s me p e r u r a i a n b a h a n o b a t d i mu l a i
d e n g a n a d a n y a a d s o r p s i u a p a i r d a r i u d a r a o l e h
mo l e k u l - b a h a n o b a t s e h i n g g a t e r b e n t u k l a p i s a n a i r
p a d a p e r mu k a a n n y a , k e mu d i a n d i i k u t i d e n g a n me l a
-r u t n y a b a h a n o b a t d a l a m l a p i s a n a i -r t e -r s e b u t d a n
p e r u r a i a n b a h a n o b a t t e r j a d i s e p e r t i h a l n y a d a l a m
l a r u t a n .
La p i s a n p a d a p e r mu k a a n b a h a n o b a t i n i s e g e r a r
aen-j a d i aen-j e n u h o l e h mo l e k u l - mo l e k u l b a h a n o b a t s e
h i n g g a t e r b e n t u k l a h l a r u t a n j e n u h p a d a p e r mu k a a n
b a h a n o b a t , j i k a b a h a n o b a t t e l a h me n g a l a mi p e r
Ur a i a n , t e mp a t n y a a k a n s e g e r a d i g a n t i o l e h mo l e
k u l mo l e k u l b a h a n o b a t y a n g b a r u u n t u k me mp e r t a
-h a n k a n k e a d a a n j e n u -h y a n g t e l a -h d i c a p a i . ( 6 , 1 2 , 1 3 )
Un t u k me mp e r o l e h k e l e mb a b a n a t a u t e k a n a n u a p a i r
d a p a t d i g u n a k a n l a r u t a n j e n u h g a r a m g a r a m a n o r g a
-n i k , d i ma -n a l a r u t a -n i -n i a k a -n me -n g u a p s e b a g i a -n d a -n
me mb e r i k a n t e k a n a n u a p d i a t a s l a r u t a n . Te k a n a n
y a n g d i p e r o l e h t e r g a n t u n g d a r i s i f a t l a r u t a n .
Pa d a k e a d a a n s e t i mb a n g d a n p a d a s u h u t e r t e n t u . k e
-c e p a t a n mo l e k u l a i r y a n g me n i n g g a l k a n p e r mu k a a n
l a r u t a n s a ma d e n g a n y a n g ma s u k k e d a l a m l a r u t a n ,
s e h i n g g a d i d a p a t k a n t e k a n a n y a n g k o n s t a n . ( 14)
De n g a n p e mi l i h a n g a r a m- g a r a m y a n g s e s u a i a k a n d i
d a p a t k a n k e l e mb a b a n r e l a t i f y a n g k o n s t a n p a d a s u
h u y a n g d i i n g i n k a n , s e p e r t i t e r t e r a p a d a t a b e l .
( l i h a t l a mp i r a n 1
)
7
1 1 , 2 , P e n e n t u a n s t a b i l i t a s ( 1 4 , 1 5 , 1 6 )
Pa d a d a s a r n y a s t a b i l i t a s s e d i a a n t i d a k l e p a s
d a r i ma s a l a h ma s a l a h y a n g b e r h u b u n g a n d e n g a n k o n
. s e n t r a s i , k a t a l i s , d a n s u h u, k a r e n a a k a n me mp e n g a
-r u h i k e c e p a t a n d a n me k a n i s me -r e a k s i ,
Ke c e p a t a n r e a k s i d i t u l i s s e b a g a i + y a n g me
-n y a t a k a -n b e r t a r a b a h -n y a a t a u b e r k u r a -n g -n y a k o -n s e -n t r a s i
C p a d a i n t e r v a l wa k t u d t . Un t u k r e a k s i p e r u r a i a n
y a n g p e n g u k u r a n n y a d i l a k u k a n t e r h a d a p b a h a n - b a h a n
y a n g be ' r e a ks i ( r e a k t a n ) ma k a k e c e p a t a n r e a k s i d. i
-d C
n y a t a k a n s e b a g a i + , j i k a r e a k s i me n g i k u t i o r d e r
n o l , ma k a :
" f t
Ct = C0 - kt
t ,
= t,
co
- J - “ 5 0 = 2 k
CQ a d a l a h k o n s e n t r a s i o b a t mu l a - mu l a
a d a l a h k o n s e n t r a s i o b a t p a d a wa k t u t
k a d a l a h t e t a p a n k e c e p a t a n r e a k s i
a d a l a h wa k t u p a r u h d a r i o b a t
Un t u k r e a k s i o r d e r s a t u , d i n y a t a k a n s e b a g a i :
dt .
Lo g Ct = Lo g C0 - t
t , t ° *693
Nr = t 5 0 - k
S t a b i l i t a s k a d a r b a h a n a k t i f d a p a t d i t e n t u k a n
d e n g a n me n g h i t u n g t e t a p a n k e c e p a t a n r e a k s i p e r u r a i
a n d e n g a n c a r a :
♦ Ko n v e n s i o n a l
Pa d a c a r a k o n v e n s i o n a l s e d i a a n d i o i mp a n p a
d a k o n d i s i y a n g t e t a p ( s uhu, k e l e mb a b a n , pH,
d ~n l a i n - l a i n ) , Be r d a s a r k a n k a d a r y a n g t i n g g a l p a d a s e t i a p wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n ( C^ ) d a p a t d i h i - t u n g h a r g a t e t a p a n k e c e p a t a n p e r u r a i a n ( k) d e - n g a n c a r a mc mb u a t k u r v a h u b u n g a n a n t a r a k a d a r y a n g t i n g g a l ( C^ ) t e r h a d a p wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n ( T) Ap a b i l a t e r d a p a t h u b u n g a n y a n g l i n i e r a n t a r a :
- t e r h a d a p t , b e r a r t i r e a k s i p e r u r a i a n me
-n g i k u t i o r d e r -n o l .
- Lo g t e r h a d a p t , b e r a r t i r e a k s i p e r u r a i a n
me n g i k u t i o r d e r s a t u .
Be r d a s a r k a n p e r s a ma a n g a r i s r e g r e s i d a n o r d e r
r e a k s i , d a p a t d i t e n t u k a n h a r g a t e t a p a n k e c e p a
-t a n p e r u r a i a n ( k) .
Ba r i h a r g a k y a n g d i p e r o l e h , d a p a t d i t e n t u k a n
wa k t u d i ma n a k a d a r t i n g g a l 5 0 #
( ^^
q)
d a n wa k t ud i ma n a k a d a r t i n g g a l 9 0 # ( t g Q) , d e n g a n c a r a s e
b a g a i b e r i k u t :
- J i k a r e a k s i p e r u r a i a n me n g i k u t i o r d e r n o l :
C+ = C t o - k t
Bi l a k a d a r a wa l d i a n g g a p 10 0%, CQ = 1 0 0 #
d a n k a d a r s e t e l a h t e r u r a i 5 0 # , C+ = 50}6( 0, 5C) )
o 0
- J i k a t f e a ks i me n g i k u t i o r d e r s a t u :
De n g a n c a r a y a n g s a ma s e p e r t i d i a t a s a k a n d i
d a p a t k a n :
' 5 0 - ^
t 9<) ■ 0 , 4 5 8 » g ^ ° 3
Pe n a i k a n s u h u
Ca r a p e n a i k a n s u h u d a p a t d i g u n a k a n u n t u k me
n e n t u k a n t e t a p a n k e c e p a t a n p e r u r a i a n s e b a b k e c e
p a t a n p e r u r a i a n d a p a t me n i n g k a t a t a u me n u r u n d e
n g a n me n i n g k a t n y a a t a u me n u r u n n y a s u h u .
Ar r h e n i u s me n g g a mb a r k a n h u b u n g a n k e c e p a t a n p e r u
r a i a n t e r h a d a p s u h u s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
k - A. e "Ea / RT
■Do *1
Lo g k = Lo g A - g ■j q
-
j • “ j r*k a d a l a h t e t a p a n k e c e p a t a n r e a k s i p a d a s u h u T
Ea a d a l a h e n e r g i a k t i v a s i T a d a l a h s u h u a b s o l u t .
J i k a h a r g a k p a d a s a t u s u h u s u d a h d i k e t a h u i , ma k a d a p a t , d i h i t u n g h a r g a k p a d a s u h u y a n g l a i n me n u r u t p e r s a ma a n b e r i k u t :
,
k 1
Sa
(± _
A
Lo g Ti J = 2 , 3 0 3 R 1 ^ 2 "
a d a l a h h a r g a k p a d a s u h u T 1 k 2 a d a l a h h a r g a k p a d a s u h u Tg
Ca r a p e n a i k a n s u h u i n i h a n y a d a p a t d i g u n a k a n p a d a b a h a n - b a h a n y a n g r e a k s i n y a me n g i k u t i o r d e r
s a t u d a n me mp u n y a i e n e r g i a k t i v a s i s e b e s a r I D- 3 0 k k a l / mo l .
I I . 3. Ri f a mp i s i n a
Ri f a mp i s i n a me r u p a k a n a n t i b i o t i k a s e mi s i n t e t i k y a n g d a p a t d i s i n t e s a d e n g a n me r e a k s i k a n 3 - f o r mi l
r i f a mi s i n a SV d e n g a n 1 - a mi n o - 4 - me t i l p i p e r a z i n . Me n u r u t Gi a n a n t o n i o d k k , r i f a mp i s i n a j u g a d a p a t
d i p r o d u k s i d e n g a n me r e a k s i k a n s e c a r a l a n g s u n g a n t a
r a r i f a mi s i n a S d e n g a n f o r ma l d e h i d a , t e r s i e r b u t i l -
a mi n a , d a n Mn Og , k e mu d i a n d i k o n d e n s a s i k a n d e n g a n 1 - a mi n o - 4 - me t i l p i p e r a z i n . ( 7 , 8 , 9 , 1 8 )
a . Na ma
Ri f a mp i s i n a me mp u n y a i n a ma k i mi a 5 , 6 , 9 , 1 7 , 1 9 ,
2 1 - He x a h y d r o x y - 2 3 - me t h o x y - 2 , 4 , 1 2 , 1 6 , 1 8 , 2 0 f 2 2
h e p t a me t h y l - 8 - ( N- ( 4 - me t h y l - 1 - p i p e r a z i n y l ) f o r mi -
mi d o y l ) - 2 1 - a c e t a t e .
Be b e r a p a p u s t a k a me n y e b u t n y a d e n g a n 3 - ( 4 - me t h y l
p i p e r a z i n - 1 - y l i mi n o me t h y l ) r i f a my c i n SV, d e n g a n
11
OH
C4 3H5 8 N4° 12
Na ma l a i n d a r i r i f a mp i s i n a a d a l a h r i f a my c i n AM^ R/ AMP, r i f a mp i n , r i f a d i n , r i f a l d i n , r i f o l d i n r i f a p r o d i n , r i f o b a c , r i f o r a l , ( 7 , 1 7 , 1 8 , 1 9 , 2 0 )
b . Si f a t f i e i k o k i mi a
Ri f a mp i s i n a me r u p a k a n s e r b u k k r i s t a l y a n g t i d a k b e r b a u , t i d a k b e r a s a , b e r wa r n a me r a h b a t a
s a mp a i c o k l a t me r a h . Me l e l e h p a d a s u h u 183- 188°
d i s e r t a i d e n g a n p e r u r a i a n .
Ke l a r u t a n n y a d a l a m a i r a k a n me n i n g k a t d e n g a n
me n u r u n n y a pH, d i ma n a d a l a m l a r u t a n a i r d a n d a l a m b e n t u k p a d a t r i f a mp i s i n a me r u p a k a n i o n z wi - t t e r . S u k a r l a r u t d a l a m a s e t o n , e t e r d a n e t a n o l
9- 6%, t e t a p i l a r u t d a l a m me t a n o l , e t i l a s e t a t
, k l o r o f o r m. ( 2 , 7 , 9 , 1 5 , 1 9 , 2 0 )c . S t a b i l i t a s r i f a mp i s i n a
S t a b i l i t a s r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m b e n t u k p a d a t a t a u s e r b u k c u k u p b a i k , d i ma n a p a d a p e n y i mp a n a n
s e l a ma l i ma t a h u n p a d a s u h u 20° C ma s i h s t a b i l , s e d a n g p e n y i mp a n a n p a d a s u h u k a ma r d a l a m wa k t u 41 b u l a n a k a n d i d a p a t k a n k o n t a mi n a n y a n g b e r u p a r i f a mp i s i n a k u i n o n ( 2 , 5 - 3
%) f
-
. •r i f a mp i n N- o k s i d ( 1 - 1 , 5
%) f d a n
25 - d e s a s e t i l r i - f a mp i s i n a ( 0 , 2- 1%) *
Me s k i p u n d e mi k i a n p a d a s e d i a a n r i f a mp i s i n a p a d a t p e r l u d i b e r i b a h a n pe - n g a r i n g . ( 8 , 9 , 2 1 )Da l a m b e n t u k s e d i a a n c a i r , s t a b i l i t a s r i -
f a mp i s i n a d i p e n g a r u h i ol e h. . pH, s u h u , d a n o k s i - g e n , Da r i p e n e l i t i a n - p e n e l i t i a n y a n g d i l a k u k a n
d i d a p a t k a n h a s i l s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
d . Ak t i v i t a s b i o l o g i s
Ri f a mp i s i n a me mp u n y a i a k t i v i t a s y a n g t i n g g i me l a wa n mi k r o o r g a n i s me g r a m p o s i t i f , a k t i f p a d a k o n s e n t r a s i y a n g t i n g g i me l a wa n o r g a n i s me g r a m n e g a t i f , d a n me n u n j u k k a n r e s i s t e n s i s i l a n g h a n y a d e n g a n g o l o n g a n r i f a mi s i n a t i d a k d e n g a n a n t i mi - k r o b a l a i n ,
1 3
j u g a a k t i f me n g h a mb a t p e r t u r a b u h a n v i r u s t a n p a
me r u s a k s e l t u a n r u ma h .
Ak t i v i t a s a n t i mi k r o b a d a r i r i f a mp i s i n a d i s e -
b a b k a n k a r e n a a d a n y a c i n c i n ma k r o s i k l i k p a d a mo -
l e k u l r i f a mi s i n a SV y a n g b e r i k a t a n d e n g a n p o l i -
me r a s e RNA y a i t u e n z i m y a n g s a n g a t d i p e r l u k a n
u n t u k s i n t e s a s e l b a k t e r i . De n g a n a d a n y a i k a t a n
i n i a k a n t e r j a d i h a mb a t a n s i n t e s a RNA p a d a t a h a p
i n i s i a s i . ( 2 , 7 , 8 , 2 1 )
e . Pa r r a a k o k i n e t i k a
Ri f a mp i s i n a c e p a t d i a b s o r p s i d a r i s a l a r a n
p e n c e r n a a n d a n k o n s e n t r a s i p u n c a k d a l a m p l a s ma
d i c a p a i d a l a m wa k t u 2 j a m s e t e l a h p e mb e r i a n . Te r -
d i s t r i b u s i s e c a r a l u a s d a l a m c a i r a n d a n j a r i n g a n
t u b u h . El i mi n a s i r i f a mp i s i n a r a e l a l u i e mp e d u d a n
g i n j a l b e r j a l a n l a mb a t , d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n d i d a -
p a t k a n b a h wa 4. 8- 60 j a m s e t e l a h p e mb e r i a n d o s i s
t u n g g a l 1 5 0 mg ma s i h d i d a p a t k a n a d a n y a ■ r i f a mp i n
d a l a m t u b u h .
Me t a b o l i t u t a ma r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m t u b u h a d a l a h 2 5 - 0 - d e s a s e t i l r i f a mp i s i n a .
Ri f a mp i s i n a y a n g d i e l i mi n a s i me l a l u i e mp e d u a k a n d i a b s o r p s i k e mb a l i d a n d a p a t me n g a l a mi s i r k u l a s i
s i s t e mi k , t e t a p i h a l i n i h a n y a t e r j a d i 1 j a m s e t e l a h p e mb e r i a n .
B A B I I I
ALAT, BAHAN DAN METODA P ENELI TI AN
I I I . 1 . Ba h a n - b a h a n y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n
Ri f a mp i s i n a p . g . ( Be mo f a r m, s e r t i f i k a t a n a l i n a
p a d a l a mp i r a n
1 3
)C. M. C. Na p * g . ( Be mo f a r m) Ni p a g i n M p * g * ( Be r n o f a r m) As a m a s k o r b a t p . g , ( Be r n o f a r m)
Di n a t r i u m h i d r o g e n f o s f a t d i h i d r a t p . a 0
Na t r i u m d i h i d r o g e n f o s f a t mo n o h i d r a t p . a .
Me t a n o l p . a # ( J T’. Ba k e r ) Ka l s i u m k l o r i d a t e h n i s Na t r i u m b r o mi d a t e h n i s
Na t r i u m k l o r a t t e h n i s
Ammo n i u m s u l f a t t e h n i s
S e n g s u l f a t t e h n i s
I I I . 2' . Al a t - a l a t y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n
S h i ma d z u d o u b l e - b e a m s p e c t r o p h o t o me t e r UV- 1 40- 02'
d a n UV- ZS O
t S h i ma d z u s p e c t r o p h o t o me t e r IR- 4 3 5
Co mf o r t me t e r (Ba r i go) '
PH me t e r , Mo d e l
5,
Co r n i n g s c i e n t i f i c i n s t r u me n t . ■ Chyo e l e c t r o n i c b a l a n c e , J P - 1 6 0P o r t a b l e v i s c o t e s t e r VT- 0 4
Mi c r o s c o p e e l e c t r i c , S wi f t i n s t r u me n t .
1 5
V- mi x e r , (La b o r a t o r i u m Te k n o l o g i F a r ma s i Un i v e r s i t a s Ai r l a n g g a ) ,
Gr a n u l a t o r ( Er we k a ) ,
1 1 1 * 3 . Me t o d e ke r . i a
1 1 1 . 3 . 1 , P e me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a ( 18)
Ri f a mp i s i n a y a n g d i g u n a k a n d a l a m p e n e l i t i a n
s e c a r a k u a l i t a t i f d i p e r i k s a me n u r u t Br i t i s h
Ph a r ma c o p o e i a , s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
a , Re a k s i wa r n a
2 5 mg r i f a mp i s i n a d i s u s p e n s i k a n d a l a m 25'
ml a i r , d i k o c o k s e l a ma l i ma me n i t d a n d i s a -
r i n g , f i l t r a t ( 5 ml ) d i t a mb a h l a r u t a n a mmo -
n i u m p e r s u l f a t 1 0 % d a p a r f o s f a t p H 7 , 4 0 d a n
d i k o c o k , a k a n t e r b e n t u k wa r n a o r a n y e , d i d i -
a mk a n b e b e r a p a s a a t a k a n t e r b e n t u k wa r n a me
r a h u n g u .
b • S p e k t r a - a b s o r p s i i n f r a me r a h
Di b u a t c a mp u r a n h o mo g e n r i f a mp i s i n a d a n
s e r b u k KBr y a n g t e l a h d i k e r i n g k a n k e mu d i a n
d i b u a t p e l l e t d a n d i a ma t i s p e k t r a a b s o r p s i
i n f r a me r a h n y a , Ha s i l y a n g d i d a p a t k a n d i b a n -
d i n g k a n d e n g a n p u s t a k a ,
1 1 1 . 3 . 2 , P e mb u a t a n a e d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a
S e d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a d i b u a t me
n u r u t f o r mu l a s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : ( u n t u k 6 0 ml
s i r u p )
R/ Ri f a mp i s i n a 1 , 2 g
C. M. C. Na 0 , 42 g
Ni p a g i n M 0 , 1 2 g As a m a s k o r b a t 0 , 3 0 g
NaH2 P 0 ^ . H2 0 0 , 5 5 g
Na 2HP 0 4 . 2 H2 0 0 , 7 1 g
S a c h a r u m a l b u m 1 8 g
S e d i a a n d i b u a t s e b a n y a k 1 6 5 v i a l , d e n g a n k e p e r -
l u a n :
- S e d i a a n d i s i mp a n p a d a 5 ma c a m k e l e mb a b a n d e -s
n g a n 11 wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n *
- Un t u k 2 ma c a m k e p e r l u a n :
a , P e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l #
b. P e n e t a p a n p e r t a mb a h a n b e r a t s e t e l a h p e -
n y i mp a n a n .
- Re p l i k a s i t i g a k a l i ( 3 b a t c h )
Ad a p u n c a r a p e mb u a t a n ma s i n g - ma s i n g b a t c h :
a , P e mb u a t a n p e mb a wa
Di t i mb a n g S a c h a r u m a l b u m 9 0 , 7 5 g, C. M. C. Na 2, 12 g, Ni p a g i n 0 , 6 g, As a m a s k o r b a t 1 , 5 1 g,
Na t r i u m d i h i d r o g e n f o s f a t mo n o h i d r a t 2, 7 8 g,
Di n a t r i u m h i d r o g e n f o s f a t d i h i d r a t 3 , 5 9 g .
Di b u a t g r a n u l a t d e n g a n u k u r a n 8 - 1 0 me s h .
b . Pe mb u a t a n s e d i a a n
Di t i mb a n g p e mb a wa 1 , 6 7 5 g, r i f a mp i s i n a 1 0 0 mg
c a mp u r h o mo g e n d e n g a n me n g g u n a k a n p e n g a d u k
k e c i l y a n g n a n t i n y a i k u t d i ma s u k k a n d a l a m
v i a l c o k l a t ( s e t i a p
v i a l Oo
5 ml s i r u p y a n g me n g a n d u n g 1 0 0 r pg r i f a mp i s i n a ) .I I I . 3 - 3 * Pe me r i k s a a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a
S e b e l u m d i s i mp a n , s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a
d i p e r i k s a p e me r i a n n y a ,
a , S e b e l u m d i r e k o n s t i t u s i
S e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n p e n c a mp u r a n a n t a r a p e mb a -
wa d a n b a h a n o b a t a k t i f d i l a k u k a n pomor i . ka a
a n me n g e n a i wa r n a , b a u , r a s a , d a n p e n a mp a k -
a n n y a .
b . S e t e l a h d i r e k o n s t i t u s i
S e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n r e k o n s t i t u s i t e r h a d a p s e
d i a a n s i r u p k e r i n g , ma k a a k a n d i d a p a t k a n
b e n t u k s u s p e n s i . S e l a n j u t n y a d i l a k u k a n p e me
r i k s a a n me n g e n a i wa r n a , r a s a , b a u , pH, b e -
r a t j e n i s , v i s k o s i t a s , v o l u me s e d i me n t a s i ,
d a n u k u r a n p a r t i k e l ,
I I I . 3 . 4 . Ko n d i s i p e n y i mp a n a n s e d i a a n
P e n e l i t i a n me n g e n a i p e n g a r u h k e l e mb a b a n t e r
h a d a p s t a b i l i t a s k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d i l a k u k a n p a
d a s u h u r e l a t i f t e t a p ( r u a n g b e r - AC, d e n g a n t e -
t a p me n g u k u r s u h u s e t i a p wa k t u ) d a n l i ma ma c a m
k e l e mb a b a n d e n g a n b a h a n p e n g a t u r k e l e mb a b a n l a
r u t a n j e n u h g a r a m- g a r a m a n o r g a n i k s e p e r t i y a n g
t e r t e r a p a d a t a b e l b e r i k u t : ( 2 2 )
Za t
%
Ke l e mb a b a nCa Cl 2. 6I I ? 0 32, 3
-Na Br .
21120 .
58Na Cl O- ^ 7 5
( NH4 ) 2 S° 4 8 4
Zn SO^ . 711 gO 9 0
Ma s i n g - ma s i n g l a r u t a n j e n u h g a r a m a n o r g a n i k i n i d i t e mp a t k a n d a l a m e k s i k a t o r d a n d i b i a r k a n d a l a m k e a d a a n t e r t u t u p s a mp a i d i d a p a t k a n k e l e mb a b a n y a n g r e l a t i f k o n s t a n . S e t e l a h d i d a p a t k a n k e a d a
a n yanf ; r o l a t i f k o n n t a n d i ma n u k k a n k e d a l a mn y a v i a l - v i a l y a n c t e l a h b o r i a i s e d i a a n d a n d i s i mp a i p a d a s e l a n g wa k t u t e r t e n t u y a i t u :
0, 1, 3, 7., 10, 15, 30, 4 5 , 60, 75, 9 0 h a r i .
I l l , 3 * 5 . P e n g a mb i l a n c u p l i k a n
P a d a s e t i a p k a l i p e me r i k s a a n , c u p l i k a n d i a m- b i l d a r i ma s i n g - ma s i n g b a t c h s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a k e l e mb a b a n d a n s e l a n g wa k t u t e r t e n t u , Da r i c u p l i k a n y a n g c ^ i a mbi l d i t e n t u k a n ;
- Ke a d a a n f i s i s s e d i a a n ( wa r n a , b a u , r a s a , d a n p e n a mp a k a n ) •
- P e r t a mb a h a n b e r a t s e d i a a n
d e n g a n r a n c a n g a n Co mp l e t e Bl o c k De s i g n p o l a
f a k t o r i a l . (24)
Da t a - d a t a y a n g a d a d a p a t d i t a b e l k a n s e b a g a i
S e c a r a u mu m d i n y a t a k a n b a h wa :
f a k t o r k e l e mb a b a n ( A) me mp u n y a i t a r a f
i = 1 , 2 , . . . a
f a k t o r wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n . ( B) me mp u n y a i t a r a f
j = 1,2' , . . . ^
r e p l i k a s i k e k = 1 , 2 , . . . r
S e l a n j u t n y a u n t u k An a l i s a Va r i a n d i p e r l u k a n p e r
h i t u n g a n h a r g a - h a r g a :
2
£ y a J u ml a h . k u a d r a t ( J K) u n t u k r a t a - r a t a •
£
t}
y2
- - C . . . .£ wi
f ,
ij>< r a b2
= J K s e mu a ni . l a. i . p e
-n g a ma t a -n
- - - = J u ml a h k u a d r a t r a t a - r a t a .
r a b
R a J K u n t u k r e p l i k a s i
J J
2 T
a b " r a b . . . .
= J K u n t u k f a k t o r k e l e mb a b a n
y a 2
2
Z Ai T
- - - . . . ( 3)
r b r a b
B ■ J K u n t u k f a k t o r wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n
yy
^ b 3
__________ _ . . . . . . ( 4)
23
AB = JK i n t e r a k g i a n t n r a f a k t o r k e l c r n b n b a n V w
d a n f a k t o r wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n .
a t
I AB? .
= ^ " Ry ' Ay " By . . . ( 5)
E = J K E x p e r i me n t a l E r r o r
I y " - Ry y - Ay y - By y ABy y . . . ( 6)
S e l a n j u t n y a h a s i l p e r h i t u n g a n d i a t a s d i s u s u n
d a l a m t a b e l . ANAVA s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
25
Be r d a s a r k a n t a b e l ANAVA t e r s e b u t , d a p a t
d i k e t a h u i a d a t i d a k n y a p e r b e d a a n y a n g b e r ma k n a
a n t a r r e p l i k a s i , a n t a r k e l e mb a b a n , a n t a r v/ a kt u
p e n y i mp a n a n , d a n a d a t i d a k n y a i n t e r a k s i f a k t o r
k e l e mb a b a n d a n v/ a kt u p e n y i mp a n a n , d e n g a n ni em -
b a n d i n g k a n h a r g a F h i t u n g d e n g a n F t a b e l u n t u k
oC=
0 , 0 5 . ( l a mpi r a j i 7 )Ap a b x l a d i d a p a t k a n h a r g a F h i t u n g l e b i h
b e s a r d a r i h a r g a F t a b e l , b e r a r t i a d a p e r b e d a a n
y a n g b e r ma k n a , Un t u k me n g e t a h u i d e r a j a t b e d a ,
s e l a n j u t n y a d i l a k u k a n uj .L d e n g a n me n c a r i
" Hi g l y S i g n i f i c a n c e Di f e r o n c e " (HSD) . , d e n g a n
r u mu s s e b a g a i b e r i k u t : ___________________
y MSTC MS B
n 1 2
Ke mu d i a n . d i h i t u n g h a r g a r a t a - r a t a h a s i l p e n e l i
t i a n d i b a n d i n g k a n d e n g a n h a r g a HSD. Ap a b i l a
l e b i h b e s a r d a r i h a r g a HSD, b e r a r t i p e r b e d a a n
n y a b e r ma k n a ( s i g n i f i k a n ). (23)
B A B I V '
HAS I L P ENELI TI AN
I V. 1• Pe me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a
Pe me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a me n g g u n a -
k a n r e a k s i w a ma d a n s p e k t r o f o t o me t s r i n f r a mo r / a h
me n u n j u k k a n h a s i l s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
Ta b e l I
Pe me r i k s a a n k u a l i t a t i f r i f a mp i s i n a
Pe me r i k s a a n P us t a k a ( -j
3
; Pe n g a ma t a n1• Re a k s i wa r n a .
Or a n y o f
d i d i a m Or a n y e , d i d i a mk a n me n j a d i me k a n me n j a d i me
r a h u n g u . r a h
2. S p e k t r a ab^- Da p a t d i l i h a t Da p a t d i l i h a t
a o r p s i i n f r a p a d a g a mb a r
1
p a d a g a mb a r2
27
Wjttknuihmn
Ga mb a r 1 : S p c k t r a a b n o r p n i i n Cr a mc r a h r i f a mp i s i n a me n u
-d i g u r i a k i m -d a l a m p ^ n e l i t i a n .
I V. 2, Pe me r i a n s i r u p k e r i n g r i f a mp i s i n a
a * S e b e l u m d i r e k o n s t i t u s i
S e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n p e n c a mp u r a n a n t a r a p e m -
b a wa d a n r i f a mp i s i n a , d i l a k u k a n p e me r i k s a a n
d e n g a n h a s i l s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
- l a m a : p u t i h d a n d i a n t a r a n y a b e r wa ma
me r a h , '
~ Ba u : h a mp i r t i d a k b e r b a u .
- Ra s a : ma n i s .
- P e n a mp a k a n ; b e r u p a g r a n u l - g r a n u l b u l a t p a n
j a n g d a n d i a n t a r a n y a s e r b u k
k r i s t a l r i f a mp i s i n a
b , S e t e l a h d i r e k o n s t i t u s i i
S e t e l a h d i l a k u k a n r e k o n s t i t u s i d i d a p a t k a n
s e d i a a n s u s p e n s i , h a s i l p e me r i k s a a n s e b a g a i b e
r i k u t :
- Wa ma : me r a h .
- Ba u : h a mp i r t i d a k " be r ba u,
- Ra s a ; ma n i s ,
- PH
i
7 , 3 2 + 0 , 0 2» Vi s k o s i t a s : 0, 4- p o i s e *
- Be r a t j e n i s : 1 , 1 5 7 0
g/ ml ,
- Vo l u me s e d i me n t a s i :
Ha s i l pe me r i ks a a n da pa t di l i ha t
pa da l a mpi r a n
2da n 3«
- Ukur a n pa r t i ke l :
Ha s i l pe me r i ks a a n da pa t di l i ha t
k
a
d
a
r
l
e
n
b
a
b
y
a
n
g
di
.s
er
ap
(
- - - -— ► wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n ( h a r j )
Ga mb a r 3 : Ku r v a k a d a r u a p a i r y a n g d i s e r a p o l e h s i r u p -
k e r i n g
( %)
t e r h a d a p wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n ( h a r i )Ke t e r a n g a n :
A--- A : KR . I = 4 5 % -W %
0 ---D : KR . I I
= * 6 8 % -69?6
o ---- ---0
: KR, I I I
-A --- -A : KR . I V = Q 0 % -Q 1 %
I V. 4. Pe n e t a p a n
k a d a r r i r a.m p lGi .n a d al am c u p l i l c m
I V. 4 . 1 . Pe n e n t u a n pa n. j a ng g e l o mb n n g ma k s i mu m
Pe n e n t u a n p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g ma k s i mu m
l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a da l a r n d a p a r f o s f a t
pH 7 , 4 0 p a d a k o n s e n t r a s i 1 5 mc g / ml , 3 0 mc g / ml
d a n
40
mc g / ml , d i p e r o l e h h a s i l s e b a g a ib e r i k u t : ( Ta b e l I I I , Ga mb a r 5 )
Ta b e l I l l - a
Ni l a i r e s a p a n d a r i b e b e r a p a k o n s e n t r a s i l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m d a p a r f o s f a t pH 7 * 4 0
p a d a r e n t a n g p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g 4 5 0 - 4 9 0 n m
P a n j a n g g e
l o mb a n g ( n m) Ni l a i r e s a p a n
15 mc g / ml
30
mc g / ml 4 0 mc g / ml4 5 0 0 , 2 3 8
0 , 4 6 8
0
, 6 2 04 5 5 : 0 , 2 5 0 0 , 4 9 7
0
,658
4 6 0
0 , 26 1
0 , 518
0
,686
4 6 5
0 , 2 6 8
0 , 5 3 2 0 , 7 0 54 6 6 0 , 2 6 9 0 , 5 3 4 0 , 7 0 9
4 6 7 0 , 2 6 9 0 , 5 3 8 0 , 7 1 1
4 6 8 0 , 2 7 0 0 , 5 3 9 0 , 7 1 4
469' 0 , 2 7 0 0 , 5 4 1
0 , 718
4 7 0 0 . 2 7 0 0 , 5 4 2 0 , 7 1 9
471 0 , 2 7 1 0 , 5 4 2
0 , 72 0
4 7 2 0 , 2 7 2 0 , 5 4 2
0 , 72 1
4 7 3 0 , 2 7 2 0 , 5 4 2 0 , 7 2 0
4 7 4 0 , 2 7 1 0 , 5 4 1 0 , 7 1 9
4 7 5 0 , 2 7 0 0 , 5 3 9 0 , 7 1 7
4 8 0
0 , 2 6 2
0 , 5 2 1 0 , 6 9 24 0 5 0 , 2 4 4 0 , 4 9 2 0 , 6 5 2
3 3
—> p a n j a n g g e l o mb a n g ( nr n )
Gambar 5 , : Kurva n LL*t i rnn.-jprm ( A ) torh arla p p.-.n;jan;; _
lom ban g (.A) d a r i l a r u t fin r i f a m p i s i n a dul.-sin da
p a r f o s f a t pH 7-, 4 ..pada k o n s e n t r a s i 15 m cg/m l
( I ) , 30 mcrc/ml ( I T ) , 4 0 m c.^/nl ( I I I ) .
Da r i t a b e l I I I d a n g a mb a r 5 d a p a t d i s i mp u l k a n . bcJi v/ a
l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d n l n m d a p a r f o s f a t pH 7 , 4 me mb e r i k a n
r e s a p a n i n a k s i mu m p a d a p a n j a n g g c l o mb a n / ' 4 7 2 n m.
I V. 4 . 2. Pe mb u a t a t i k u r v a b a k u
Pe mb u a t a n k u r v a b a k u d e n g a n me n g g u n a k a n l i r aa
ma c a m k o n s e n t r a s i l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m d a p a r
f o s f a t pH 7 , 4 , n i l a i r e s a p a n n y a d i a ma t i p a d a p a n -
j a n g g e l o mb a n g ma k s i mu m 4 7 2 n m ( Ta b e l I I I - b d a n
g a mb a r g ) .
Ta be l I l l - b
Ni l a i r e s a p a n l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m d a p a r f o s f a t pH7 , 4 0
d a r i b e b e r a p a k o j i s n t r a s i p a d a : 4 7 2 n m
Ko n s e n t r a s i
( mc g / ml )
( X)
Ni l a i r e s a p a n ( X)
I I I I I I
15 0 , 272 0 , 27 1 0 , 27 3
20 0 , 3 5 4 0 , 3 6 5 0 , 3 8 1
25 0 , 4 4 1 0 , 4 4 9 0 , 4 5 4
3 0 0 , 5 3 0 0 , 5 42 0 , 5 5 0
4 0 . 0 , 7 0 9 0 , 720 0 , 720
Pe n g o l a h a n d a t a k u r v a b a k u me mb e r i k a n h a s i l s e b a g a i
b e r i k u t :
Ko e f i s i e n k o r e l a s i ( r ) = 0 , 9 9 8 8 ( r t a b e l = 0 , 5 1 4 ; d k = i
3
;<* = 0 , 0 5 )
Ko e f i s i e n a r a h ( b) = 0 , 0 1 7 7
I n t e r s e p ( a ) s 0 , 0 0 8 4
r
e
s
a
p
a
n
35
* k o n s e n t r a s i ( mc g / ml )
Ga mb a r 6 : Ku r v a b a k u n i l a i r e s a p a n t e r h a d a p k o n s e n t r a s i
d a r i l a r u t a n r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m d a p a r f o s f a t
p a d a p H 7 , 4 0 .
I V. 4 * 3 . Pe n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a d a l a m c u p l i k a n
S e t i a p j a n g k a wa k t u t e r t e n t u s e l a ma p e n y i mp a
n a n p a d a b e r b a g a i k e l e mb a b a n , d i t e n t u k a n k a d a r
r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g ma s i h t i n g g a l .
Ha s i l y a n g d i d a p a t k a n d i c a n t u mk a n d a l a m t a b e l
I I I - c s a mp a i d e n g a n I l l - g d a n s e c a r a k e s e l u
r u h a n d a l a m t a b e l I V- h . S e l a n j u t n y a d a r i d a t a
y a n g d i p e r o l e h d i b u a t k u r v a k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a
y a n g t i n g g a l ( %) t e r h a d a p wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n ( h a
r i ) ( g a mb a r 7 - 12■
Ta b e l I I I - c
Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n • p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 4 5 %- 4 7 ^
Wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n
( h a r i )
Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l ( %) s t a n d a r
d e v i a s i
I I I I I I r a t a - r a t a
0 o CO 104. , 20 1 02, 8 0 1 02, 9 5 1 , 1 8
1 1 02, 4 4 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 02, 7 0 1 02, 8 3 0 , 4 7
3 1 0 3 , 9 3 1 02, 24 1 02, 24 1 02, 8 0 0 , 9 8
7 101, 66. 1 0 1 , 4 5 1 0 1 , 6 4 1 0 1 , 5 8 0 , 12
1 0 o V* CO 1 02, 5 1 1 02, 2 2 1 02, 0 4 0 , 5 9
15 1 0 4 , 02 1 0 4 , 4 0 1 0 4 , 4 0 1 0 4 , 27 0 , 2 2
30 1 0 3 , 5 5 1 0 3 , 5 5 1 02, 9 9 1 0 3 , 3 6 0 , 32
45; 1 02, 9 9 1 02, 5 1 1 02, 7 0 1 02, 7 3 0 , 24
6 0 1 02, 1 3 1 0 3 , 26 1 0 3 , 26 1 02, 8 8 0 , 6 5
75 1 0 1 , 3 8 1 02, 0 5 1 0 1 , 9 4 1 0 1 , 7 9 0 , 3 6
Ta b e l I l l - d
Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a
( %)
s e t e l a h d i s i mp a np a d a k e l e mb a b a n
6Q%~69%
Wa kt u. p e n y i mp a n a n
( h a r i )
Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l ( %) s t a n d a r
d e v i a s i
I I I I I I r a t a - r a t a
0 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 02, 8 0 1 0 3 , 1 7 0 , 32
1 1 02, 0 5 101, 94. 1 0 1 , 4 8 1 0 1 , 82 0 , 3 0
3 1 02, 42 1 02, 1 3 1 02, 42 1 02, 32 0 , 1 7
7 9 9 , 6 9 9 8 , 9 4 9 8 , 0 8 9 8 , 9 0 0 , 8 1
10 1 0 0 , 92 1 0 0 , 5 4 9 9 , 9 8 100, 4. 8 0 , 4 7
15 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 0 3 , 7 4 1 0 3 , 4 9 0 , 2 2
30 1 0 3 , 7 4 101, 7. 6 1 0 3 , 6 4 1 0 3 , 0 5 3 , 3 9
4, 5 1 02, 42 1 02, 42 1 02, 24 1 02, 3 6 0 , 1 0
6 0 10. 1 , . 76 1 0 1 , 6 6 1 0 1 , 7 6 10. 1, 73 0 , 0 6
, 7 5 1 0 1 , 3 8 1 0 1 , 3 8 1 0 0 , 82 1 0 1 , 1 9 Of : 32
Ta b e l I l l - e
Ha s i l p g n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( #) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n
p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 7696- 77%
Wa kt . u p e - Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l ( %) s t a n d a r
d e v i a s i
ay
xi i j pci xxcui( h a r i ) I I I I I I r a t a - r a t a
0
1 0 1 , 92 1 0 1 , 7 0102, 21
1 0 1 , 920 , 2 2
1
9 9 , 9 5 9 9 , 8 6 100, 19.10 0, 00
0 , 1 73 9 9 , 9 8 9 9 * 9 8 1 0 0 , 1 6 100, 04,
0 , 10
7. 9 9 , 3 7 9 8 , 0 9 9 7 , 1 5
9 8 , 2 0
1, 11
10
1 0 0 , 92 9 9 , 9 8 9 9 , 9 8 1 0 0 , 29 0 , 5 415 1 02, 42
10 2 , 7
6
1 02, 5 510 2 , 58
0 , 1 73 0 1 02, 24 1 0 1 , 7 0 1 0 1 , 72 1 0 1 , 8 9 0 , 3 1
4 5
10 1,
4 8
1 0 1 , 28 o «•00
COroo
0 ,
10
60
1 0 0 , 9 5 9 9 , 7 6 9 9 , 3 3100, 01
0 , 8 475 1 0 0 , 0 7 9 8 , 7 1 1 0 0 , 6 0 9 9 , 7 9 0 , 9 7
Ta b e l I XI - f
Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n
p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 8 0 ^ - 8 1 ^
Wa k t a p e - n y i r a p a n a n
( h a r i )
Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l
0 0
s t a n d a rd e v i a s i
I I I I I I r a t a - r a t a
0
10 1, 8
6
10 1, 8
6
1 02, 0 5 '10 1,
9 2
0 ,
11
1
1 0 0 , 3 5 1 0 0 , 1 6 9 9 , 9 8 1 0 0 , 1 6 0 , 1 83 9 9 , 6 8 9 9 , 7 9 9 9 , 6 9 9 9 , 72 0 , 0 6
7 9 6 , 5 9 9 6 , 5 9 9 6 , 4 9 9 6 , 5 6 0 , 0 6
10
9 7 , 9 9 9 7 , 9 9 9 6 , 20 9 7 , 3 9 1 , 0 31 5
10 1,
6 6
1 0 1 , 5 510 1, 8
6
1 0 1 , 6 9 0 , 1 63 0 1 0 0 , 82 1 0 1 , 1 9 1 0 0 , 82 100, 94,
0, 2
1
45;
10 1,
38
1 0 0 , 5 4 1 0 0 , 3 5 1 0 0 , 7 6 0 , 5 56 0 9 9 , 5 0 9 9 , 5 0
9 8 , 2 8
99- , 0 9 0 , 7 07 5 9 9 , 0 3 9 8 , 5 6 98, . 94 9 8 , 8 4 0 , 25
Ta b e l I l l - g
Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a ( %) s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n
p a d a k e l e mb a b a n 8 8 ^ - 9 0 %
Wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n
( h a r i )
Ka d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l ( %) s t a n d a r
d e v i a s i
I I I I I I r a t a - r a t a
0
1 02, 0 5 1 0 1 , 9 4 o CO 1 0 1 , 82 0 , 3 01
1 0 0 , 1 6 9 9 , 8 8 1 0 0 , 0 6 1 0 0 , 0 3 0 , 1 43 9 9 , 6 9 9 8 , 9 4
9 8 , 0 8
9 8 , 9 0 0 , 8 17 9 4 , 4 4 9 4 , 12 94, . 60 94- , 39 0 , 24
10
9 7 , 0 0 9 8 , 5 9 9 6 , 62 9 7 , 4 01
* 0 41 5
10 1, 11
1 0 1 , 2910 1, 0 0
1 0 1 , 1 3 0 , 1 53 0 9 9 , 2 2 9 9 , 0 3 9 8 , 4 7 9 8 , 9 1 0 , 3 9
45. 9 9 , 5 0
9 8 ,
18
9 8 , 3 79 8 , 6 8
0 , 7 16 0 9 8 , 0 3 98, 4i 7 9 8 , 0 3
9 8 ,
18
0 , 257 5
9 8 , 2 8
96, 2
1
98, 4*7 9 7 , 6 5 1 , 25Ta b e l I l l - h
Ha s i l p e n e t a p a n k a d a r r a t a - r a t a r i f a mp i s i n a
{ %)
s e t e l a hd i s i mp a n p a d a b e b e r a p a k e l e mb a b a n
Wa kt u p e
nyi mpa na n
( har i )
Ke l e mba ba n r e l a t i f
4596- 4796 6 8 %- 6 9 % 7696- 7796 8096- 8196 8 896- 90%
0
1 0 2 , 9 5 1 0 3 , 1 7 1 0 1 , 9 2 1 0 1 , 9 2 o * CO ro1
1 0 2 , 8 3 1 0 1 , 8 210 0 , 0 0
1 0 0 , 1 6 1 0 0 , 0 33 1 0 2 , 8 0 1 0 2 , 3 2 1 0 0 , 0 4 9 9 , 7 2 9 8 , 9 0
1,
o VJl CD 9 8 , 9 09 8 , 2 0
96, 56, 94, 3910
1 02, 0 410 0
,48
. 1 0 0 , 29 9 7 , 3 9 9 7 , 4 015' 104. , 27 103, 4. 9
10 2 , 58
1 0 1 , 6 9 1 0 1 , 1 33 0 1 0 3 , 3 6 1 0 3 , 0 5 101, 89, 1 0 0 , 9 4 9 8 , 9 1
45> 1 0 2 , 7 3
10 2 ,
36
10 1
, 3 8 1 0 0 , 7 69 8 , 6 8
6 0
10 2 , 8 8
1 0 1 , 7 310 0 , 0 1
9 9 , 0 99 8 , 18
75 1 0 1 , 7 9 1 0 1 , 1 9 9 9 , 7 9 9 8 , 8 4 9 7 , 6 5
I V. 5# Pe n g o l a h a n d a t a h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n
Pe n g o l a h a n d a t a h a s i l p e n e l i t i a n me n g g u n a k a n
An a l i s a Va r i a n d e n g a n r a n c a n g a n Co mp l e t e Bl o c k -
. De s i g n p o l a f a k t o r i a l . Ha s i l y a n g d i d a p a t k a n d i s u -
s u n d a l a m t a b e l I V, d i l a n j u t k a n me n g h i t u n g HSD.
Ta b e l I V
An a l i s a v a r i a n d a r i k a d a r r i f a mp i s i n a y a n g t i n g g a l s e t e l a h d i s i mp a n p a d a b e b e r a p a k e l e mb a b a n
S u mb e r v a r i a s i d k JK RJ K F
F ( 0 , 0 5 )
Re p l i k a s i ( Rk )
P e r l a k u a n :
2 1 , 2 8 1 0 , 6 4 0 1 , 7 8 3 3 , 0 9
Ke l e mb a b a n ( A^ )
Wa k t u p e
-4 3 3 3 , 9 7 7 8 3 , 4 9 4 2 3 2 , 5 7 4 2, 46.
n y i mp a n a n ( Bj )
l n t e r a k s i ( AB^ , )
1 0 1 7 5 , 1 2 7 1 7 , 5 1 3 4 8 , 7 8 3 1 , 9 2
4 0 1 6 7 , 2 9 6 4 , 1 8 2 1 1 , 6 4 9 1
1
51Ex p . Er r o r 1 0 8 3 8 , 7 9 7 0 , 3 5 9 -
-J u ml a h 1 6 4 7 1 6 , 4 7 8 - -
-P e r h i t u n g a n HS D
a , Un t u k f a k t o r k e l e mb a b a n
d k
= 0, 05-
= 1 0 8
q ( 0 , 0 5 ) = 3 , 92
MSE = 0 , 3 5 9
n 1 s - n 2 = 55
4 9
b , Un t u k f a k t o r wa k t u p e n y i mp a n a n
( X = 0,
05-d k = 1 0 8
q ( 0 , 0 5 ) = 4i »' 64
MSE = 0 , 3 5 9
n 1 = n2 = 15.
I V* 6, Pe r h i t u n g a n h a r g a t e t a p a n p e r u r a i a n ( k ) t wa k t u -
p a r u h d a n wa k t u k a d a r t i n g g a l 9 0 #
Be r d a s a r k a n p e r h i t u n g a n d a n k u r v a k a d a r t i n g g a l
t e r h a d a p wa k t u , d a p a t d i a s u ms i k a n b a h wa r e a k s i p e r
u r a i a n me n g i k u t i o r d e r s a t u , h a s i l y a n g d i d a p a t k a n
s e b a g a i b e r i k u t :
Pe r s a ma a n g a r i s r e g r e s i : *)
I .. Y = - 1 f 27 82. 1 0 " 41 X + 2, 0 1 8 8 f r = 0 , 9 3 5 1
I I . Y = - 1 . 6 4 9 9 . 1 0 " 4 X + 2, 0 1 7 6 , r = 0 , 9 9 8 6
I I I . Y = - 1 , 7 6 1 6 . 1 0 " 4 X ■+ 2, 0 1 32 , r = 0 , 9 5 5 7
I V . Y = - 1 , 9 028 . 1 0 " 4 X + 2, 0 1 0 0 , r = 0 , 9 5 8 9
V . Y = - 1 , 8 3 82. 1 0 " 4 X + 2, 0 0 3 9 , r = 0 , 9 0 1 3
Ta b e l V
Ha r g a k, t ^ Q , d a n t g Q d a r i s i r u p k e r i n g Ri f a mp i s i n a
Ke l e mba ba n
r e l a t i f
k
*50
t 90
I
.
4596-4n
2.
9 43 6.
1 0 " 46, 54 t a hun
11, 93 bul a n
I I . 6 8
