THE EFFECT OF USING MUSIC VIDEO ON THE
S
TUDENTS’ ACHIEVEMENT IN
WRITING
NARRATIVE TEXT
A THESIS
Submitted to the English Department, Faculty of Languages and Arts, State University of Medan, in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirement for the
Degree of Sarjana Pendidikan
By:
AYU WIDYANINGTYAS
REGISTRATION NUMBER: 2101121006
ENGLISH AND LITERATURE DEPARTMENT
FACULTY OF LANGUAGES AND ARTS
i ABSTRACT
Widyaningtyas, Ayu. Reg. No.2101121006. The Effect of Using Music Video on The Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text. A Thesis. English Department of Faculty of Languages and Arts. State University of Medan 2014.
This study is aimed at investigating the effect of Music Video on the students’ achievement in writing narrative text. The objective was to find out the effect of Music video to improve students’ achievement in writing narrative text. This study was conducted by experimental research. The population of this study was the eleventh grade students’ of SMA Negeri7 Medan. Two classes from ten parallel classes was taken for the observation by cluster random sampling which divided into two groups, each group consisted of 35 students as control group and experimental group. The experimental group was taught by using Music Video meanwhile the control group was taught without using media. The instrument for collecting data was writing test. In the calculation of Ttest, the mean of students’ score in experimental group was 7,02 and the mean of students’ score in control group was 3,22. Standard deviation of experimental group was 516,974, standard deviation of control group 242,174, and the total number of samples was 68, Tobserved is higher than Ttable. 5,093 > 1,994 at the level of significance 0,05 for two tailed. The finding is if hypothesis stated that there is significant effect of using Music Video as media learning on students’ writing achievement on writing Narrative text is accepted.
ii
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Praises and greatest thanks to almighty Allah SWT, the most merciful who
has blessed and given time, opportunity, and health so that this thesis entitled ‘ The Effect of Using Music Video on Students’ Achievement in Writing Narrative Text’ could be completed. This thesis is aimed to fulfill one of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Pendidikan of the English Department, Faculty of
Languages and Arts, State University of Medan (UNIMED).
In completing this thesis, the writer would like to express her gratitude,
indebtedness and thanks for giving permission, suggestion, advising and
contribution during completing her thesis. Support, love, prayer, motivation, help
and encouragement to pursue a better life and achieve the best education that
might not requited to people who have been involved in her accomplishment the
thesis.
1. Prof. Dr. Ibnu Hajar Damanik, M.Si., the Rector of State University of
Medan.
2. Dr. Isda Pramuniati, M.Hum., Dean Faculty of Languages and Arts and her
staff for giving the administrative information as well.
3. Prof. Dr. Hj. Sumarsih, M.Pd., the Head of English Department, Dra.
Meisuri, M.A., Secretary of English Department, Dra. Masitowarni
Siregar, M.Ed., the Head of English Education Department, and Dra.
Rahmah, M.Hum., the Head of English Literature Department.
4. Dr. Sri Minda Murni, M.S., her Thesis Advisor.
5. Dra. Tjut Ernidawati, M.Pd., her Academic Advisor.
6. Dr. I Wayan Diegeyasa Tangkas, M.Hum., Drs. Muhammad Natsir, M.
Hum., Neni Afrida Sari Harahap, S.Pd, M.Hum. as her Reviewer and
Examiner.
7. All the Lecturers of English Department who have taught, guided, and
advised his throughout the academic years.
8. Drs. H. Muhammad Daud, MM, Headmaster of SMA Negeri 7 Medan.
9. Suparjan, AMK and Salmiyah, her beloved parent.
iii
11. Arindawati Sipahutar, Deby Arif Syahputra, Elnoviamy, Fathur Rizqi
Arifiani, Frendi Yudistira Simarmata, Maya Sari Sipahutar, Sri Devi
Meilani Yupita Sari, her best friends.
12. Reguler Dik. C 2010, her friends in PPLT SMP N 1 Pagar Merbau 2013,
and all friends that are not mentioned one by one who helped the writer
during completing her thesis.
The writer thanks to all those have given prayers, motivation, spirit and
contribution in the process of completing this thesis.
Medan, March 2015 The Writer,
iv A.Theoretical Framework ... 7
1. The Concept of Writing ... 7
a. The Definition of Writing ... 7
b. Writing Process ... 8
c. Genre in Writing ... 11
2. Narrative Text ... 14
a. The Definition of Narrative ... 14
b. The Characteristic of Narrative ... 15
3. Writing Assessment ... 17
4. The Criteria of Scoring ... 18
5. Media ... 19
a. The Definition of Media ... 19
b. Classification of Media ... 21
6. Music Videos ... 21
a. The Definition of Music Videos ... 21
b. Types of Music Videos ... 23
v
d. Disadvantages of Using Music videos ... 24
e. The Application of Music Videos in Teaching Narrative Text ... 24
B.Conceptual Framework ... 26
C.Hypotheses ... 27
CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHODOLOGY A.Research Design ... 28
B.The Population and Sample ... 29
C.Technique for Collecting Dta ... 29
D.The Instrument for Collecting Data ... 30
E. The Procedure of the Research ... 30
1. Pre-test ... 30
2. Treatment ... 30
3. Post-test ... 32
F. The Content Validity and Reliability of the Test ... 32
1. The Validity of the Test ... 32
2. The Reliability of the Test ... 32
3. Technique of Analyzing the Data ... 34
CHAPTER IV THE DATA AND DATA ANALYSIS ... 35
LIST OF TABLE
Table Page
2.1. Example of Narrative Text ... 17
2.2. Criteria of Scoring Test ... 18
3.1. Research Design ... 28
4.1. Treatment for Experimental Group (Using Music Video) ... 31
LIST OF FIGURE
Figure Page
LIST OF APPENDICES
APPENDICES Page
Appendix A The Data Try Out... 45
Appendix B The Score of Pre-Test and Post-Test of Experimental Group ... 47
Appendix C The Score of Pre-Test and Post-Test of Control Group ... 48
Appendix D The Calculation of The T Test ... 49
Appendix E Precentage Point of The T Distribution ... 52
Appendix F Lesson Plan of Control Group... 53
Appendix G Lesson Plan of Experimental Group ... 81
CHAPTER I
INTRODUCTION
A.The Background of The Study
In curriculum 2013 that is designed by the goverment this year, the
specific objective of the language teaching-learning process is to make students
active in the language class both in oral and written. And English is one of the
lessons that has four skills, they are listening, speaking, reading, and writing.
Related to curriculum, writing is one of the language skills that has a
complexity process in teaching (Reid, 1993:266). Writing is a communicative
skill not only to express ideas, opinions, feelings, or thoughts but also to put them
into the arrangement or pattern that has been set in order to be easily understood
and accepted so that others can respond and give the feedback. Eleventh grade in
high school students should be able to express the meaning of functional text and
essay in the form of text reports, narrative text, spoof, hortatory and analytical
exposition of the basic competencies to be achieved. Based on the explanation, the
student should be able to control the narrative text as one of the genre writing in
learning English.
Narrative text is one of the genre in the text that tells of an experience or
incident either fiction or non-fiction. Unlike with recount text which just tells the
experiences, in the narrative text in which there is a complicated arrangement in a
story should contain issues/climax is where the writers are in demand to provide
readers. So students are able to express ideas, choose the word, and
structuring the language in order to encourage the students to be able to write
good narrative text.
Based on some of experience in preliminary observation, students still face
many difficulties in writing either write a text report, essay, paragraph, narrative
text and so on. It is indicated to the low student achievement in writing
competence. It can be concluded that 70% of high school students still have
difficulty in writing especially in writing narrative text. It also can be seen from
the experience of the author during Teaching Practice Program (PPLT) in
government junior high school 1 Pagar Merbau (2013). It is still found some of
students; especially in the third grade junior high school is still difficult in writing
narrative text. Some of them showed difficulty in understanding the content and
show a sense of uncertainly for the learning process, although the theory of
narrative text has been given in several times. Based on the observation that a
researcher has done in the eleventh grade science programs, the data was found by
the writer in the third and sixth semesters in an academic year 2010/2013 through
interviews with English teachers Darnauli, S.Pd, she said that still many students
could not pass Minimal Completeness Criterion (Kriteria Ketuntasan Minimal) of
the basic competence in writing skill that is applied is 75 in English subject.
Based on the data above, it can be concluded that the difficulties
experienced by the students in writing narrative text, especially text is still a lack
of knowledge performance vocabularies, choice of words, grammar, structure,
and organize all of that in writing. It is due to lack of using strategy or media that
can support students’ ability to receive a lesson.
So media is one of the tool helps both teacher and students in conducting
the learning process. It can be concluded that the process of teaching and learning
process has not successful. So it is necessary to find media or tool to give a
solution to that problem arises. Media is a component of learning that is composed
of several materials that are used to motivate students to think more and make the
atmosphere in the classroom more interesting (Arshyad ,2008:5).
Music videos is audiovisual media that can be used in all ages of students
which is consist of images and music that shows a storyline that can make the
atmosphere of the classroom more interesting and also solve students' complained
for having nothing to write (Stockbridge,1987). Some previous studies pertinent
to the use of music videos to enhance language learning have been conducted. The
study applied in SMA N 1 Ambarawa by Hilda (2011), resulting of using video
clips in teaching writing narrative text. Another improvement of language
competence was implied in a study conducted by Febry and Enny (2012) in using
music videos to improve the ability in writing texts of the eleventh graders in
SMA N 4 Malang. And in the study was conducted by Rachmah (2011) applied
in SMA N 2 Mranggen, resulting an improvement of students’ narrative writing
skill after treatment using video clip. It can be conclude that the students get the
achievement in writing by using music videos that show a storyline that runs
In addition, the students might also be assisted by the grammar and
spelling of some words in the lyrics in order to write in a good English by music
videos. Meanwhile, the motion images of music videos might help the students to
brainstorm ideas by means of visual features. Some of those elements are the
lyrics and the motion images which equip a model of story. The duration of each
music video is quite short about 3-10 minutes to make time in the classroom
teaching more efficient. Search music videos are now also very easy to be
accessed on a variety of internet sites. But supporting facilities are still least to
support the English teacher in implementing music videos such as LCD projector,
computer / laptop, and loudspeaker. Based on Pediatrics (1996:1220) Music
videos may represent a relatively new art form, but it is one that contains often an
excess of sexism, violence, substance abuse, suicides, and inappropriate sexual
behavior.
So choosing teaching place and music videos is one of important thing, so
this study will get satisfying result since it is used for education to improve
students’ achievement and knowledge in writing. In other hand, music videos
have some potential in teaching writing especially in narrative text because there
are three types in music videos.
In line of analyses of teaching writing, the researcher is very interested in
discovering whether the use of music videos has an effect on students’
achievement in writing. That is the reason why the researcher wants to conduct a
study on using music videos as the media to increase students’ achievement in
writing narrative text.
Based on the background, the problem of this study is formulated as: “Is
there any significant effect of using music videos on students’ achievement in
writing narrative text?
C.The Objective of The Study
The objective of the study is aimed to find out whether using music videos
affect significantly on the achievement of eleventh grade students in SMA
NEGERI 7 MEDAN in writing narrative text or not.
D.The Scope of The Study
A narrative is basically a story created either according to the reality or
imagination like a real event. In this study, the scope is limited to the real
experience of the students. They are expected to be able to write the narratives by
following the scene or clips of music videos needed to present the elements of the
story.
E.The Significance of The Study
The findings of the study are expected to supply beneficial input for:
1. Students will be improve their writing achievement in writing and be able
to master the procedures of writing narrative without any major obstacle.
2. Teacher will get motivation to create new ways or media in teaching
learning English.
3. The readers will update their information or knowledge about how to
improve writing skill and as a reference for those who are interested in
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
A.Conclusion
Having calculated the data, it was found that the mean score of students’
achievement taught by using music video as media learning (79,85) is higher than
mean score of students’ achievement taught without music video as media
learning (74,51). The tobserved (5,093) is higher than ttable (1,994) at the level of
significance of 0,05 of two-tailed test. The finding is if hypothesis stated that there
is significant effect of using music video as media learning on students’ writing
achievement on writing narrative text is accepted.
B.Suggestion
Related to the conclusions mentioned previously, it would be better to
offer suggestions as follows:
1. Teachers are suggested to apply an interesting media learning in class
(example: movie, song, picture etc) in case to explore students’ interest
especially in learning English and eventually developing it.
2. Students are expected to explore their knowledge more. There are a lot of
things that support our willing to develop our skill. One of media that can be
used to help in the learning process is by using English movie.
3. This media learning is suitable to use for peoples with ability in learning
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