THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VISUAL NOVEL TO TEACH WRITING VIEWED FROM STUDENTSâ CREATIVITY(An Experimental Study at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2013/2014).

(1)

commit to user

i

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VISUAL NOVEL TO TEACH WRITING

VIEWED FROM STUDENTS’ CREATIVITY

(An Experimental Study at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Al-Islam I

Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2013/2014)

A THESIS

Written by:

NOVITA AL IHYAK DIENI

NIM: S891302032

Written as a Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for Graduate Education

Degree of English Language Teaching

ENGLISH EDUCATION DEPARTMENT

GRADUATE PROGRAM

TEACHER TRAINING AND EDUCATION FACULTY

SEBELAS MARET UNIVERSITY

SURAKARTA

(2)

commit to user

(3)

commit to user

(4)

commit to user

(5)

commit to user

v

ABSTRACT

Novita Al Ihyak Dieni, S891302032. 2014. The Effectiveness of Visual Novel to

Teach Writing Viewed from Students’ Creativity (An Experimental Study at the

Seventh Grade Students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2013/2014). First Consultant: Prof. Dr. Samiati Tarjana. Second Consultant: Dr. Ngadiso, M. Pd. Thesis. Surakarta. English Education Department. Graduate School. Sebelas Maret University.

This research aims at finding out whether: (1) Visual Novel is more effective than Picture Slides in teaching writing to the seventh grade students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta; (2) the seventh grade students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta having high creativity have better writing skill than those having low creativity; and (3) there is interaction between teaching media and students’ creativity to teach writing.

The method applied in this research was experimental research. The research was conducted at SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta in the academic year of 2013/2014. The population of the research is the seventh grade students from regular classes of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta. Two samples were taken by using cluster random sampling. The class VIIC was used as the experimental class and class VIIG as the control class. Each of classes consists of 36 students. In collecting the data, several steps were applied: (1) giving creativity test to know student’s level of creativity; (2) conducting teaching media to the students; (3) carrying out post-test; and (4) analysing the students’ writing skills. The data were obtained from creativity test and writing test. Furthermore, to analyse the data, the researcher applied descriptive and inferential statistics using ANOVA and Tukey test.

The result of the research finding leads to the conclusions that: (1) the students who are taught using Visual Novel have same writing skills with those who are taught using Picture Slides. In other word, the use of Visual Novel is as effective as Picture Slides; (2) the students who have high creativity have better writing skill than those who have low creativity; and (3) there is an interaction between teaching media and students’ creativity in teaching writing for the seventh grade of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta.

Finally, the results of this research imply that in teaching writing, the teacher should make the students accustom to writing. The right decisions of teacher in teaching writing are important. The teacher must be wise to select effective media and the material itself. Visual Novel and Picture Slides have been proven to be an effective media in improving students’ writing skill. An effective media can be used to help the students to focus on the lesson. It’s because teaching media also influences the students’ creativity in teaching writing. Thus, it is recommended that in order to get maximum result and effect on students’ writing skills, teacher are suggested to be more innovative in using various teaching media. For other researchers, it is hoped that these research findings can be used as a reference for future researches. Moreover other researchers may conduct researchers viewed from other psychological aspects.

(6)

commit to user

vi

MOTTO

The end is a beginning. When there is something ended, there is something begun. This thesis is

not the end, but it is the beginning of a better future.

(7)

commit to user

vii

DEDICATION

With deep profound love, this thesis is devoted to:

 My parents: Bapak Hikmat Yasin and Ibu Nendartik. Without your love,

prayers, and support I would not be the person I am today.

 My brothers: Win Kausyar Wanrantau, Fazar Syukri Nugroho, and Arif

Furqan Wantuah. Thanks for being great role models and inspirations.

 My sister: Ipak Ayu Hidayatullah Nurcahya. Thanks for your prayers and

(8)

commit to user

viii

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

Alhamdulillahirabbil’alamin. Praise be to ALLAH SWT for His blessing

that the researcher can accomplish this thesis. In addition, this thesis can never be

accomplished without the help of others during the process of writing. Therefore,

she would like to express her deepest gratitude and appreciation to:

1. The Dean of Teacher Training and Education Faculty of Sebelas Maret

University.

2. The Head of the English Education Department of Graduate Program.

3. Prof. Dr. Samiati Tarjana, the first consultant, for all her guidance, advice, and

encouragement during completion of this thesis.

4. Dr. Ngadiso, M.Pd., the second consultant, for his guidance, advice, and

encouragement during the writing process of this thesis.

5. The Headmaster of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta.

6. All teachers, especially English teachers of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta.

7. Seventh grade students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta.

8. Mr. SF. Lukfianka Sanjaya Purnama, the Visual Novel maker, for his helping

in accomplishing the thesis.

The researcher hopes and accepts gratefully every comment and suggestion.

Hopefully, this thesis will be useful for the readers.

Surakarta, July 2014.

(9)

commit to user

ix

CHAPTER II LITERATURE REVIEW….…….………..

A. Theoretical Description………..……… 1. The Nature of Writing……….…………. a. Definition of Writing...…………..………... b. Definition of Writing Skill…...……...…… c. Writing Process……….…. d. Writing Purposes….………... e. The Criteria of a Good Writing……..……… f. Difficulties in Writing………. 2. Teaching Writing...

a. Definition of Teaching Writing... b. Procedures of Teaching Writing... c. The Importance of Writing in Language

Learning... d. Process of Writing... e. Assessment of Writing……….………. 3. Visual Novel...

a. Definition of Visual Novel... b. Visual Novel Framework... c. Teaching Writing Using Visual Novel... d. The strengths and Weaknesses of Visual

(10)

commit to user

x

4. Picture Slides... a. Definition of Picture Slides... b. Picture Slides Framework... c. Teaching Writing Using Picture Slides... d. The Strengths and Weaknesses of Picture

Slides... 5. Creativity...

a. The Nature of Creativity... b. The Implementation in the Classroom to

Develop Students’ Creativity... B. Review of Related Studies...…………..

C. Rationale………..

D. The Research Hypotheses…………...………

37 37 38 39 40 42 42 44 47 51 55

CHAPTER III THE RESEARCH METHOD………...………

A. The Setting of the Study ………....……….. B. The Research Method…………...……….………... C. The Subject of the Study………..…...…….. D. Technique of Collecting the Data………….…..….. 1. Writing Test... 2. Creativity Test... E. Technique of Analyzing the Data……….……

1. Pre-requisite test...………...………... a. Normality... b. Homogeneity... 2. Hypotheses testing……….

a) ANOVA test……….

b) Tukey test……….……. F. Statistical Hypotheses………..

56 56 57 58 60 60 62 63 63 63 64 65 65 68 69

CHAPTER IV RESEARCH FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION………

A. The Implementation of the Research………

B. Data Description……….

C. Data Analysis………..

1. Normality………...

2. Homogeneity….………...

D. Hypothesis Testing ……….

1. ANOVA………. 2. Tukey Test……….. E. The Discussion of the Finding………...

71 71 74 86 86 89 89 90 92 93

CHAPTER V CONCLUSION, IMPLICATION AND

SUGGESTION……….

A. Conclusion………... B. Implication and Suggestion..……….

100 100 100

BIBLIOGRAPHY………....... 108

(11)

commit to user

xi

LIST OF TABLES

Table 2.1 Construct of Indicators……...……….. 17

Table 2.2 Scoring Rubric of Writing Test...………. 26

Table 2.3 The Scoring Distribution of Writing Test……… 28

Table 2.4 Blue Print of Writing Test………..……….. 29

Table 2.5 Table of Contrast……….. 42

Table 2.6 Table of Construct of Indicators in Creativity………. 44

Table 3.1 Schedule of the Research………. 57

Table 3.2 Factorial Design……….……….. 58

Table 3.3 Readability Questions……….. 62

Table 3.4 The Formula of Counting the Data of Readability ……….. 62

Table 3.5 The Example of Questionnaire ….………... 62

Table 3.6 Blueprint of Creativity……….. 63

Table 3.7 Factorial Design 2 X 2……….. 65

Table 3.8 The result of ANOVA……….. 68

Table 4.1 The summaries of the teaching process……… 73

Table 4.2 Frequency Distribution of Data A1………... 75

Table 4.3 Frequency Distribution of Data A2………... 76

Table 4.4 Frequency Distribution of Data B1………... 78

Table 4.5 Frequency Distribution of Data B2………... 79

Table 4.6 Frequency Distribution of Data A1B1………... 80

Table 4.10 Summary of Normality Test………. 88

Table 4.11 Summary of Homogeneity test………. 89

Table 4.12 Summary of total Mean of Scores……… 90

Table 4.13 Summary of Multifactor Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) 2X2……….. 90

(12)

commit to user

xii

LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1 The beginning of Visual Novel………... 32

Figure 2.2 The illustration of writing process in Visual Novel……… 33

Figure 4.1 Histogram and Polygon of Data A_1……… 76

Figure 4.2 Histogram and Polygon of Data A_2……… 77

Figure 4.3 Histogram and Polygon of Data B1……… 79

Figure 4.4 Histogram and Polygon of Data B_2……… 80

Figure 4.5 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1B_1………. 81

Figure 4.6 Histogram and Polygon of Data A1B1………. 83

Figure 4.7 Histogram and Polygon of Data A2B1………. 84

(13)

commit to user

xiii

LIST OF APPENDICES

Appendix 1.1 Appendix 1.2 Appendix 1.3 Appendix 2.1 Appendix 2.2 Appendix 2.3 Appendix 3.1 Appendix 3.2 Appendix 4.1 Appendix 4.2 Appendix 5 Appendix 6 Appendix 7 Appendix 8 Appendix 9 Appendix 10 Appendix 11 Appendix 12 Appendix 13 Appendix 14 Appendix 15 Appendix 16 Appendix 17 Appendix 18 Appendix 19 Appendix 20 Syllabus……….. Lesson Plan of Visual Novel……….. Lesson Plan of Picture Slides……….. Instrument of writing test……… Readability of writing instrument………... Result of writing instrument readability………. Instrument of creativity test………. Scoring rubric of creativity test……….. Readability of Creativity Instrument……….. Result of creativity instrument readability………. Result of creativity test in experimental class……….... Result of creativity test in control class……….. Post-Test writing scores taught by Visual Novel……… Post-Test writing scores taught by Picture Slides…………... Descriptive Statistics………...

Normality……….

Homogeneity………...

ANOVA 2X2 Multifactor Analysis Variance………. The Result of Tukey Test……… Table of the Standard Normal Distribution……… Table of Critical Values for the Liliefors (Normality Test)… Table of the Chi Square Distribution (Homogeneity)………. Table of Critical Values for F Distribution (ANOVA test)

@0.05………...

Table of Critical Values for Tukey test @0.05……… Students’ Worksheets………..

Letter of Research………

THE EFFECTIVENESS OF VISUAL NOVEL TO TEACH WRITING VIEWED FROM STUDENTSâ CREATIVITY(An Experimental Study at the Seventh Grade Students of SMP Al-Islam I Surakarta in the Academic Year of 2013/2014).