CHAPTER III RESEARCH METHOD
E. Data Analysis
After collecting the data, the researcher analyzed the data by The interactive analysis model according to Miles and Huberman (1992) in qualitative research, it is possible to analyze data when the researcher is in the field or after returning from a new field of analysis, in this model there are three analysis components, namely data reduction, data display, conclusion drawing.
After identifying the problem, the researcher conducted the data by interviewing teachers and students as information and observed teaching and learning. All of the data recording and observation were collected and then the researcher wrote the transcription of the recording data, the researcher was identified kinds of Technology used by the teachers and the teachers used the kinds of ICT. The three activities in interactive model analysis can be explained as follows:
1. Data reduction
In this process the data obtained is reduced, summarized, selected the main points and focused on things that are important to make it easier for researcher to find data back in addition to the previous data obtained if needed ,so researcher reduced the data after interview or observation the teachers and take the important data related to research question.
2. Data display
In this stage, the researcher develope a structured description of the information to draw conclusion and take action. The presentation of data commonly use in this research is narrative text form. The purpose of narrative text is that the researcher describe previously classified information about implementation technology in teaching English used by the teacher then conclusion will present in narrative text form.
3. Conclusion drawing
The researcher drawn a conclusion from the data and data that has been previously concluded, then matches the notes observation and interview made by researcher at the time of doing analyzing.
CHAPTER IV
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
This chapter presents the results after finding the data. This chapter was divided into two ,the finding of the research and discussion of the research.The findings present the data descriptions, followed by the research findings kinds of Technology are used by the teachers in teaching English and how do the teachers use kinds of ICT based on the observation and interview.
A. Findings
The finding of kinds of Technology (ICT) used by the teachers in teaching English at VII and VIII grade of SMP UNISMUH MAKASSAR and the teachers use the kinds of ICT. The subject of this research were two teacher who possible use technology (ICT) in teaching and learning process at SMP UNISMUH MAKASSAR.The are some of kinds Technology (ICT) used by the teacher like LCD, laptop, speaker, internet, google classroom, E-mail, WhatsApp, Facebook, Instagram,Youtube,Power Point,Fokus key,Microsoft word,podcast.The two teachers used this Technology in teaching English.
1. Kinds of Technology (ICT) used by the teachers in teaching English at VII and VIII grade of SMP UNISMUH MAKASSAR.
Table 4.1 Information and Communication Technology in teaching English based on observation and interview
No Information and communication (ICT) Non
web based and web based tools and application of ICT
Teacher 1 (VIII) grade
Teacher 2 (VII) grade
1. Lcd √ √
2. Komputer/laptop √ √
3. Speaker √ √
4. Internet √ √
5. Goggle classroom √
6. E-mail √ √
7. Whatsapp √
8. Facebook √
9. Instagram √
10. Youtube √ √
11. Power point √ √
12. Fokus key √
13. Microsoft word √ √
14. podcast √
a. Lcd
Based on the observation in the classroom the teachers used LCD or projected media that displays video material, images, or data from the computer.
Projector LCD allows providing a variety of content for all students visually because teachers prefer to taught using LCD rather than writing on the board because it is more effective and efficient and accustom students to familiarize themselves with technology. Based on observations in the classroom students were enthusiastic when the teachers teaching used LCD, it makes students excited in learning procces.
b. Power Point
Based on observations in the class the teacher T2 used power points in learning procces, it is currently the most commonly used medium for the presentation also information display containing text, images, and videos as a means of effective message communication for students.
c. Speaker
Speaker is a hardware device that works to output sound from a computer or laptop. Based on observations in the classroom the teachers used speakers in teaching learning procces because more clearly listening to the material delivered by the teacher.
d. Laptop /Computer
In the classroom the teachers used a laptop/computer and lab room this is also used in the process of learning English as a tool to deliver the material.The teacher used laptop to conected LCD, it is more easily to see the material clearly.
e. Internet
The teachers used the internet to find materials that will be delivered to students. Internet facilities have made it easy for teachers and students to obtain, store information and knowledge.
f. Google classroom
Google classroom is an application that is intended to find a way out of the teachers difficulties to create and share each assignment paperless. Based on observations in the class the teacher T1 asked students assignments using Google classroom to send some task.
g. E-mail
E-mail is an electronic mail as a means of sending letters through a computer network. Based on observations in the classroom the teacher T1 used E- mail to create a google classroom account and send assignments.
h. Whatsapp
Whatsapp is a messaging application for sending messages, various files and etc. Based on interview in the classroom the teacher T2 told the students to send assignments on Whatsapp.
i. Facebook
Facebook is application a type of social media.Teacher T1 used the Facebook to make a group to view the student assignments
j. Instagram
Instagram is application a type of social media for photo and video sharing application. Teacher T1 used instagram application for sending student assignments.
k. Microsoft word
Microsoft Word is software for processing data. Based on observations in the classroom the teachers were conveyed material using Microsoft Office applications.
l. Fokus key
The teacher T2 used the focus key application for presentation of material, there are some of template can be dowloand by the teacher to make the presentation in power point template became interesting.
m. Youtube
Youtube is a video sharing web.Teachers used YouTube to deliver material likewise English learning videos also to practice pronunciation.
n. Podcast
Podcast as media to improve listening skills consist of audio, video, files.
Podcasts are used to search for material that is relevant to the material, especially listening skills.
2. The ways of using the kinds of ICT
The researcher found that the teachers way of using the kinds of ICT .Table 4.1 shows that Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in teaching English in the VII and VIII grade the teachers use technology in teaching English.
a. Teachers( T1) used laptop,Lcd,picture,speaker,google classroom and fb group.
Extract 1
T1:”Jenis yang dipakai seperti penggunaan laptop,LCD hmm apa lagi gambar,speaker dll..kalau teknologi modern ala sekarang itu juga ya..hmm sekarang saya di google classroom kemudian fb group juga saya gunakan untuk hmm.. sarana mengupload tugasnya anak"
Based on the extract above the researcher found, the teachers used laptop, LCD, speakers as a tool and pictures, google classroom in delivering material in teaching process also fb groups for sending student assignments. In teaching and learning process while observing in the class the students directly enthuased and focused on the LCD projector through the power point while the teachers displaying materials. In delivering material the teacher brings the material about interogative sentences.Students were enthusiastic in asking questions about interogative sentences, while the teacher explained on the laptop used LCD this showed by the students raising their hands and then working on the questions given by the teacher.
After explained material, the teacher gave assignments to be collected into Google classroom, before gave assignments, the teacher check a task that have
been sent in Google classroom whether they sent or not, after that the teacher gives further assignments related to the material that was explained on that day to be sent to Google classroom.
b. The teachers giving students task by making and send video through google classroom or fb group.
Extract 2
T1:”Kalau speaking saya lebih pada practicenya anak’’bikin video begitu kalau speaking kalau writing seperti biasa memberikan tugas,kalau reading mereka misalnya di practice saya bacakan dulu kemudian mereka ini yang bacakan atau misalnya diberikan bacaan setelah itu baru mereka membaca practice.. apalagi sudah..penugasannya selain di google classroom di ini juga di fb group mereka yang upload.
Base on the extract above in teaching English. In writing, the teacher taught as usual giving assignments according to the material, in Reading and speaking,the students making video assignments and then sending in goggle classroom or fb group. The teacher checks the assignment sent by the student through a laptop. The teacher asks students about their video speaking assignments assigned has to be sent to Google classroom or in the fb group.
While checking the assignment the teacher bring the speaker to make the students listen more clearly to the video. At that time the students very enthusiasti1c to see their video and their friends laughing and a little embarrassed because their assignments were displayed through the LCD screen using the google classroom application and also through the Fb group the teacher made the
Fb group to send assignments as well because by sending more tasks in the Fb group.
c. The teacher and students using E-mail,IG and Fb group to sending task and materials.
Extract 3
T1:”E-mailnya mereka sangat butuh karena untuk masuk di google classroom itu mereka harus punya E-mail kemudian hmm bisa masuk baru bisa dimasukkan di invite malalui E-mail yah,klau fb mereka juga ya mereka juga punya ,kalau twitter dan lain belum ini belum saya masuki hmm yang lainnya IG biasanya upload tugas juga’’
Based on the extract above the teacher used E-mail and social media applications such as, IG, fb in teaching and learning process.The students use Fb or ig to send assigment from the teacher. Meanwhile applying google classroom, the teachers told the students to make E-mails for each individual after that the students will be invited by the teachers and the students can access the website from google classroom.In the google classroom application students can access material that has been sent by the teacher in accordance with the KD.,the teacher also sent via google classroom and they store again through google classroom. In using this application the teacher makes it easy to set the material or the score of students so, the score can be directly shown by students if the teacher want to be shown. Essentially in accordance with the teacher's settings. Their daily practice directly by sending tasks such as make some videos.
a. The teacher T2 used power point ,youtube,fokus key Extract 5
T2:”Biasanya saya memakai power point hmm... youtube kemudian hmm.. kalau biasanya presentasi saya itu biasanya pake fokus key..fokus key itu sejenis power point tapi dia aplikasinya lebih menarik dan lebih mudah digunakan”
Based on extract 5 the teacher already used power point to display material also used focus key to make presentation the material more interesting. The focus key is template for power point,in displaying material and also has an interesting theme, without being edited by the teacher can be download the template. The students were motivated when using technology compared to using conventional media because based observation the students more interested in taking LCD projectors. The teacher chooses to use LCD to display material because effective and efficient in teaching and learning process and it does not take long for the teacher to write the material on the board.
b. The teacher T2 used youtube application as material for listening skill or pronounciation.
Extract 6
Based on extracts 6 To make teaching and learning process more interesting and make students more motivated,the students paid attention to the powert point ,teacher used power point applications to display material such as vocabulary material, video material on youtube to practice listening, speaking or pronuncing skills.
c. The teacher T2 used video instruction or video podcasts, also used music to practice listening in learning English.
Based on extract 7 teachers already use Technology to practice speaking skills by showing video instructions,furthermore,the students can T2:”Kalau di youtube ..kalau itu digunakan biasanya saya
menggunakan penguatan Reinforcement untuk pengucapannya jadi kalau
ada ekspresi yang agak sulit anak-anak sebutkan biasanya saya bukakan youtube dan dia dengarkan sendiri how to express klw fokus key itu lebih kepada visualnya hmm... jadi fokus key itu tanpa di edit dia sudah punya tema yang menarik masing- masing jadi lebih mudah”
Extract 7
T2:”kalau menggunakan teknologi Right....dengan empat skill biasanya saya menggunakan itu speaking,listening,sama reading kalau speaking biasanya saya memperlihatkan itu...biasanya video-video instruction atau video ,podcast yang ada di dalam youtube kemudian video-video yang menarik biasanya bersuara atau mempunyai lagu begitu kalau yang biasanya kalau listening itu biasanya mendengarkan lagu,kalau reading biasanya bacaan saja nanti mereka yang baca satu persatu kalau video saya ambilnya lansung dari youtube ,kalau video yang mereka gunakan itu hmm mereka buat biasanya ada tugas sendiri project terakhir nanti di setiap KD.Saya suruh buat video untuk expression masing-masing sesuai expression yang dipelajari kemudian hmm..mereka kirim di E-mail atau di WA,kalau writing mereka biasanya menulis di buku.”
understand the material visually and motivated because the video application presented is interesting or practicing listening skills the teacher used video podcasts also playing music afterwards students were provide exercises or assignments to make video expressions that have been learned and then will be sent via E-mail or Wa.
A. Discussion
In this part,the research discusses about finding Technology was used by the teacher in teaching English obtained from observation ceklis and the teachers used the kinds of ICT obtained from the interview.
1. Technology are used by the teachers in teaching English
In this research the researcher found that some of kinds of Technology are used by the teachers in VII and VIII grade likewise:
a. Lcd
The teachers use LCD or projected media to display material,based on observation in the classroom,the teachers usually used LCD for presentations material and view students assigment so, the students can see clearly .LCD is a tool or media for displaying some of material like, images, or data from the computer. The teachers prefered to choose LCD rather than writing on the board because if writing on the board need take a long to write the material thus LCD become a solution for teachers using LCD.It related to Pribadi (2017) the use of projected media is one of the media commonly used in learning English is displayed on an LCD screen like Powerpoint which is a computer application program that is widely used for presentation purposes to be used in information
and knowledge presentation activities. In developing presentation media you can use text, image, and video elements.
b. Power point
Based on observation the teacher used Powerpoint to display material become interisting and video material for students ,the students more enthusiastic when the teacher used powert point because the template of the powert point is colourful and the student did not bored to see the material.Powert point is media or application for the presentation of information. Information display containing text, images, and videos as a means of effective message communication for students.It related to Patel in Ahmadi (2018) using power point in teaching English as projected media making teaching interesting and provides some alternative in traditional classrooms, teachers stand in front of learners and give explanation through using blackboard or whiteboard. These methods must be changed concerning the development of technology, the aplication of multimedia in classroom we can use power point to projected multimedia.In teaching and learning procces the teacher can make media using power point in displaying material using slide, the students will not missing the material when the teacher explain the material because this slide can return to the previous slide thus the student can ask the teacher to show again. The teachers can back to the previous slide if students ask about the material that has been explained before and the use the power point is enough to help the teacher not to rewrite the material again.
c. Speaker
Speaker is a hardware device that works to output sound from a computer or laptop. It related to Hartoyo (2008) Sound system that is usually found in one part in a computer device. Sound systems are combined into one with a laptop, besides that there is also a separate device. the use of speakers in the classroom makes learning more effective because students can clearly hear the material that has been provided and also practice the students' listening skills. The teachers usually used speaker to playing some of videos on youtube and practice pronounciation.
d. Laptop /Computer
The teachers used Laptop/computer as a tool to deliver the material.
The teacher use laptop to conected LCD, the students more easily to see the material clearly.the teachers brings their own laptop every teaching.it related to Cahyani & Cahyono (2012) The are many kinds of Technology ICT that can be use in teaching English especially to facilitate teacher to make the learning more be interesting. ICT based learning can be utilized in the teaching process called multimedia computers such as laptops, projectors LCD and learning CD in delivering subject matter so that students can increase their knowledge and understanding especially in learning English and increase students' motivation in learning. Rusman (2015) states that teaching and learning activities will be more effective and easier if assisted by visual means, where 11% of what is learned occurs through the sense of hearing, while 83% through the sense of sight. in addition, it is stated that we can only remember 20% of what we hear, but can remember 50% of what is seen and heard. One of the media that can virtually
provide an immediate response to the results of learning conducted by students is a computer.
e. Internet
The teachers used the internet to find materials that will be delivered to students.teachers used internet for looking information,acces student assigment, and Many information in the Internet facilities have made it easy for teachers and students to obtain, store information and knowledge. it related to Hartoyo (2008) the internet can be used by the teacher to display syllabus, subject matter assignments. announcements, multimedia learning resources also used by the teacher as a media for transferring data about matters relating to the teaching process thus the internet is solution for the teacher or student looking or access the material by using the internet.
f. Google classroom
The teacher used Google classroom to create a group for one class to send announcement,share material,assigment ,share due time the task,and many more.it is an application that is intended to find a way out of the teacher's difficulties to create and share each assignment it related to Iftakhar (2016) Google clasroom is considered as one of the best platforms out there for enhancing the teachers workflow it provides a set of powerful features that make it an ideal tool to use.The benefit of using google classroom is the teachers can manage and create or collect the students assignment also the teachers can spend more time for student and less time on the paperwork.In the classroom in learning process the teachers using google classroom for