CHAPTER IV FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
B. Discussion Of Research
Variabel
Uji T – Test
Selisih Keterangan
Rata-Rata Df Sig
Pretest 75.3478 69
0.001 7,5942 Signifikan
Posttest 82.9420 69
Based on the table above, it can be concluded that testing data analysis using paired samples statistics has increased between pre-test and post-test on students’
reading comprehension skills in narrative texts. The average value before is 75.34 and the post-test is 82.94, and the difference between the two is 7.5942 and P = 0.001 because P 0.05 means the increase is significant. Thus it can be said that the application of the edmodo application significantly affects the students’
reading comprehension ability.
At the beginning, their reading narrative text was very bad. Almost of them were confused and spent much time to think about the meaning of the word in the reading text. They only read, but they did not understand about how to find out the characteristics, theme, and moral message of the reading narrative text. The writer gave the treatment by using edmodo. As the result, students become active and enjoy in reading activity. They would be easy to do the reading activity. Most of their utterance were correct and no need to read for a long time to understand what they read.
In using edmodo in reading activity, the writer found that the mean score of post-test students‟ achievement is greater than pre-test. In table 4.3 showed that the score of find out the characteristics which the mean score of pre-test was 76 and after using edmodo, the mean score of post-test was 87. Then, in table 4.6 showed that the score of find out the theme which the mean score of pre-test was 75 and after using edmodo, the mean score of post-test was 86. Also, in table 4.9 showed that the score of find out the moral message which the mean score of pre- test was 74 and after using edmodo, the mean score of post-test was 86. Therefore, the writer indicated that there was a significant improvement after treatment by using edmodo.
According to Yustinaningrum,(2018) suggested Interest in learning can increase with the application of learning using edmodo with an increase in interest in learning by 76%. According Rosyidah et al.,( 2019) find that the use of edmodo media as an E-Learning-based media can encourage students to explore their
knowledge or improve their cognitive abilities through independent assignments or class group discussions given. So, based on the statement above, the writer believed that the use of edmodo application can help students reading comprehension of narrative text to learn independently, make students actively look for material sources before learning, conduct online discussions about given assignments, and complete assignments on time and it could make the students understand about the characteristics, theme and moral message of reading narrative text that they read. Then, the use of edmodo gave more good contributon for the students to explore their reading skill and their understandable because it easy for students to see information or teaching materials provided by the teacher, and students can collect anytime and anywhere.
In addition to increasing student interest in using edmodo, learning media can improve students’ critical thinking skills. Based on Permana & Chamisijatin (2019) research, it was found that project-based learning using edmodo learning media can improve students’ necessary thinking skills. Strengthened by Yenni &
Malalina (2018), The results of this study found that the retention value of students who were taught with the edmodo-based Blended Learning model was significantly higher than those conducted by the direct learning model.
Through the testing data analysis using paired samples statistics has increased between pre-test and post-test on students’ reading comprehension skills in narrative texts. The average value pre-text is 75.34 and the post-test is 82.94, and
the difference between the two is 7.5942 and P = 0.001 because P 0.05 means the increase is significant.
Therefore, it can be concluded that statistically hypothesis of H1 was accepted and the statistically hypothesis of H0 is rejected. The writer was concluded that the use of edmodo application improve the students‟ ability reading comprehension of narrative text in terms to identify characteristics, theme, and moral message. It could be showed from the students‟ reading test in pre-test and post-test. In pre- test, some students were difficult to answer the questions and find out characteristics, theme, and moral message. But, the students‟ reading narrative text in post-test, which the content of reading narrative text could be understand. And then, the students were easy to answer the questions and find out characteristics, theme, and moral message.
CHAPTER V
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
This chapter describes the conclusion and suggestions of this research.
A. Conclusion
Edmodo is a learning platform that facilitates lecturers and students to carry out interactive online learning. In addition, parents can also see the development of their children from this platform. The edmodo application has an attractive and attractive appearance because it resembles social media, which offers convenience to manage online learning and various teaching materials. In addition, this application allows every parent to access and participate in providing guidance to students and providing advice even from far away locations. In other words, the function of edmodo is to facilitate lecturers and students to carry out interactive learning online.
The test results are based on research on the effect of edmodo on students’
reading comprehension skills in the English Department. The analysis of the data obtained through (t-test) between the average pre-test and post-test scores has a significant difference that we know by applying this edmodo application. can trigger the development of the IQ of students who are studying, and it can be found that there is an increase in students’ reading comprehension ability after using edmodo, especially on characters, themes, and moral messages.
64
B. Suggestion 1. For application
It is necessary to upgrade and improve the quality of the application, especially in terms of the quality of network usage, where errors still often occur in several conditions. For example, students often cannot upload specific assignments on quizzes because the network requires a higher quality level and several other feature improvements. The edmodo application can be the best choice in the learning platform for lecturers and students.
2. Next researcher
The next research hopes to conduct research using edmodo comparisons with different texts with different data analysis techniques and subjects.
3. For institutions
It is hoped that this research can be a reference, a source of information for educators to students.
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APPENDICES
APPENDIX I The students‟ row of pre-test
NO Respondents
Pre-test
Characteristics Theme Moral Message
1 AMR 76 78 80
2 MRQ 80 80 80
3 FDU 75 75 70
4 NRB 80 78 76
5 AAS 78 75 70
6 AFR 72 80 75
7 MJR 80 78 78
8 MFD 75 75 74
9 KHS 80 70 80
10 NPR 77 80 74
11 JRD 76 78 80
12 SDE 73 75 74
13 ARH 80 79 75
14 AMR 75 70 70
15 MAD 80 70 75
16 NPR 77 75 70
17 DAS 75 74 74
18 NZK 76 72 72
19 MSA 70 70 72
20 BRS 78 72 70
21 ISR 75 72 72
22 SIF 78 76 76
23 NHH 76 74 74
Total ∑x ═ 1762 ∑x ═ 1726 ∑x ═ 1711
Mean score(x) 76 75 74
APPENDIX II The students‟ row of post test
NO Respondents
Post-test
Characteristics Theme Moral Message
1 AMR 85 80 88
2 MRQ 90 92 85
3 FDU 80 80 75
4 NRB 95 85 85
5 AAS 90 85 80
6 AFR 85 85 92
7 MJR 85 90 88
8 MFD 90 92 88
9 KHS 85 85 84
10 NPR 80 98 92
11 JRD 88 82 88
12 SDE 88 86 86
13 ARH 95 88 84
14 AMR 85 85 84
15 MAD 90 88 82
16 NPR 94 80 80
17 DAS 85 88 90
18 NZK 92 88 86
19 MSA 80 80 92
20 BRS 86 84 95
21 ISR 90 82 88
22 SIF 85 90 82
23 NHH 80 95 90
Total ∑x = 10913 ∑x =1988 ∑x = 1984
Mean score(x) 87 86 86
APPENDIX III
Scoring classification of the students pre-test and post-test 1. Characteristics
No Respondents characteristics
Pre- test Classification Post test Classification
1 AMR 76 Good 85 Good
2 MRQ 80 Good 90 Very good
3 FDU 75 Fairly good 80 Good
4 NRB 80 Good 95 Very good
5 AAS 78 Good 90 Very good
6 AFR 72 Fairly good 85 Good
7 MJR 80 Good 85 Good
8 MFD 75 Fairly good 90 Very good
9 KHS 80 Good 85 Good
10 NPR 77 Good 80 Good
11 JRD 76 Good 88 Very good
12 SDE 73 Fairly good 88 Very good
13 ARH 80 Good 95 Very good
14 AMR 75 Fairly good 85 Good
15 MAD 80 Good 90 Very good
16 NPR 77 Good 94 Very good
17 DAS 75 Fairly good 85 Good
18 NZK 76 Good 92 Very good
19 MSA 70 Fairly good 80 Good
20 BRS 78 Good 86 Very good
21 ISR 75 Fairly good 90 Very good
22 SIF 78 Good 85 Good
23 NHH 76 Good 80 Good
2. Theme
No Respondents Theme
Pre- test Classification Post test Classification
1 AMR 78 Good 80 Good
2 MRQ 80 Good 92 Very good
3 FDU 75 Fairly good 80 Good
4 NRB 78 Good 85 Good
5 AAS 75 Fairly good 85 Good
6 AFR 80 Good 85 Good
7 MJR 78 Good 90 Very Good
8 MFD 75 Fairly good 92 Very good
9 KHS 70 Fairly Good 85 Good
10 NPR 80 Good 98 Excellent
11 JRD 78 Good 82 Good
12 SDE 75 Fairly good 86 Very good
13 ARH 79 Good 88 Very good
14 AMR 70 Fairly good 85 Good
15 MAD 70 Fairly Good 88 Very good
16 NPR 75 Fairly Good 80 Good
17 DAS 74 Fairly good 88 Very Good
18 NZK 72 Fairly Good 88 Very good
19 MSA 70 Fairly good 80 Good
20 BRS 72 Fairly Good 84 Good
21 ISR 72 Fairly good 82 Good
22 SIF 76 Good 90 Very Good
23 NHH 74 Fairly Good 95 Very Good
3. Moral message
No Respondents Moral Message
Pre- test Classification Post test Classification
1 AMR 80 Good 88 Very Good
2 MRQ 80 Good 85 Good
3 FDU 70 Fairly good 75 Fairly Good
4 NRB 76 Good 85 Good
5 AAS 70 Fairly good 80 Good
6 AFR 75 Fairly Good 92 Very Good
7 MJR 78 Good 88 Very Good
8 MFD 74 Fairly good 88 Very good
9 KHS 80 Good 84 Good
10 NPR 74 Fairly Good 92 Very Good
11 JRD 80 Good 88 Very Good
12 SDE 74 Fairly good 86 Very good
13 ARH 75 Fairly Good 84 Good
14 AMR 70 Fairly good 84 Good
15 MAD 75 Fairly Good 82 Good
16 NPR 70 Fairly Good 80 Good
17 DAS 74 Fairly good 90 Very Good
18 NZK 72 Fairly Good 86 Very Good
19 MSA 72 Fairly good 92 Very Good
20 BRS 70 Fairly Good 95 Very Good
21 ISR 72 Fairly good 88 Very Good
22 SIF 76 Good 82 Good
23 NHH 74 Fairly Good 90 Very Good
APPENDIX IV Mean score of the pre-test and post-test
a. The students‟ mean score of pre test and post-test in reading narrative text in term of identify characteristics.
Pre-test Post-test
X =
∑X
=
∑=
𝟏𝟕𝟔𝟐𝟐𝟑
=
𝟏𝟎𝟗𝟏𝟑𝟐𝟑
= 76
( good)= 87
( very good) b. The students‟ mean score of pre test and post-test in reading narrative text interm of identify theme .
Pre-test Post-test
X =
∑X
=
∑=
𝟏𝟕𝟐𝟔𝟐𝟑
=
𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟖𝟐𝟑
= 75
( fairly good)= 86
( very good)c. The students‟ mean score of pre test and post-test in reading narrative text in term of identify theme .
Pre-test Post-test
X =
∑X
=
∑=
𝟏𝟕𝟏𝟏𝟐𝟑
=
𝟏𝟗𝟖𝟒𝟐𝟑
= 74
( fairly good)= 86
(very good)APPENDIX V
The percentages of the students‟ ability in reading narrative text.
1. Characeristics
p =
2 11
×100%
p =
87 7676
×100%
p =14.4%
2. Theme
p =
2 11
×100%
p =
86 7575
×100%
p =15%
3. Moral message
p =
2 11
×100%
p =
86 7474
×100
% p =16.2%APPENDIX VI 1. Uji Normalitas
Descriptives
Pretest-Posttest Statistic
Std.
Error Reading
comprehension By Using Edmodo
Pretest Characteristic
Mean 76.6087 .57531
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lo wer Bo und
75.4156
Up per Bo und
77.8018
5% Trimmed Mean 76.7729
Median 76.0000
Variance 7.613
Std. Deviation 2.75910
Minimum 70.00
Maximum 80.00
Range 10.00
Interquartile Range 5.00
Case Processing Summary
Pretest-Posttest
Cases
Valid Missing Total
N Percent N Percent N Percent
Reading comprehension By Using Edmodo
Pretest Characteristic 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Pretest Theme 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Pretest Moral Massege 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Posttest Characteristic 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Posttest Theme 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Posttest Moral Massege 23 100.0% 0 0.0% 23 100.0%
Skewness -.505 .481
Kurtosis .014 .935
Pretest Theme Mean 75.0435 .71261
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lower Bound
73.5656
Upper Bound
76.5213
5% Trimmed Mean 75.0483
Median 75.0000
Variance 11.680
Std. Deviation 3.41758
Minimum 70.00
Maximum 80.00
Range 10.00
Interquartile Range 6.00
Skewness -.085 .481
Kurtosis -1.176 .935
Pretest Moral Massege
Mean 74.3913 .71610
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lower Bound
72.9062
Upper Bound
75.8764
5% Trimmed Mean 74.3237
Median 74.0000
Variance 11.794
Std. Deviation 3.43431
Minimum 70.00
Maximum 80.00
Range 10.00
Interquartile Range 4.00
Skewness .365 .481
Kurtosis -.838 .935
Posttest Characteristic
Mean 87.0870 .96769
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lower Bound
85.0801
Upper Bound
89.0938
5% Trimmed Mean 87.0411
Median 86.0000
Variance 21.538
Std. Deviation 4.64086
Minimum 80.00
Maximum 95.00
Range 15.00
Interquartile Range 5.00
Skewness .038 .481
Kurtosis -.715 .935
Posttest Theme Mean 86.4348 1.01923
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lower Bound
84.3210
Upper Bound
88.5485
5% Trimmed Mean 86.1715
Median 85.0000
Variance 23.893
Std. Deviation 4.88808
Minimum 80.00
Maximum 98.00
Range 18.00
Interquartile Range 8.00
Skewness .578 .481
Kurtosis .020 .935
Posttest Moral Massege
Mean 86.2609 .97238
95% Confidence Interval for Mean
Lower Bound
84.2443
Upper Bound
88.2775
5% Trimmed Mean 86.3865
Median 86.0000
Variance 21.747
Std. Deviation 4.66337
Minimum 75.00
Maximum 95.00
Range 20.00
Interquartile Range 6.00
Skewness -.367 .481
Kurtosis .259 .935
2. Uji Hipotesis T-Test
Paired Samples Statistics
Mean N Std. Deviation Std. Error Mean
Pair 1 Pretest 75.3478 69 3.30697 .39811
Posttest 82.9420 69 18.18523 2.18924
Paired Samples Test Paired Differences
t df
Sig.
(2- tailed) Mean
Std.
Deviation Std. Error Mean
95% Confidence Interval of the Difference
Lower Upper Pretest –
Posttest
-7.59420 18.69989 2.25120 -12.08641 -3.10200 -3.373 68 .001
APPENDIX VII INSTRUMENT
A. Pre-test
The Legend Of Malin Kundang
The Legend Of Malin Kundang A long time ago, in a small village near the beach in West Sumatra lived a woman and her son, Malin Kundang. Malin Kundang and his mother had to live hard because his father had passed away when he was a baby. Malin Kundang was a healthy, dilligent, and strong boy. He usually went to sea to catch fish. After getting fish he would bring it to his mother, or sell the caught fish in the town.
One day, when Malin Kundang was sailing, he saw a merchant‟s ship being raided by a band of pirates. With his bravery, Malin Kundang helped the merchant defeat the pirates. To thank him, the merchant allowed Malin Kundang to sail with him. Malin Kundang agreed in the hope to get a better life. He left his mother alone.
Many years later, Malin Kundang became wealthy. He had a huge ship and a lot of crews who worked loading trading goods. He was also married to a beautiful woman.
When he was sailing on his trading journey, his ship landed on a coast near a small village. The local people recognized that it was Malin Kundang, a boy from the area.
The news ran fast in the town; “Malin Kundang has become rich and now he is here”.
An old woman, who was Malin Kundang‟s mother, ran to the beach to meet the new rich merchant. She wanted to hug him to release her sadness of being lonely after a long time. When his mother came near him, Malin Kundang who was with his beautiful wife and his ship crews denied that she was his mother. She had pleaded Malin Kundang to look at her and admit that she was her mother. But he kept refusing to do it and yelling at her. At last Malin Kundang said to her “Enough, old woman! I have never had a mother like you, a dirty and ugly woman!” After that he ordered his crews to set sail to leave the old woman who was then full of sadness and anger. Finally, feeling enraged, she cursed Malin Kundang that he would turn into a stone if he didn‟t apologize to her. Malin Kundang just laughed and set sail.
Suddenly a thunderstorm came in the quiet sea, wrecking his huge ship. He was thrown out to a small island. It was really too late for him to avoid his curse; he had turned into a stone.
Questions:
1. What is the title of the story above?
2. How many characters in the story above? Mention them!
3. Who was Malin Kundang?
4. How did the merchant allow Malin Kundang to join him in the sail?
5. Why did Malin Kundang and his mother have to live hard?
6. What happened many years after Malin Kundang join the sail?
7. How did the local people react when they saw Malin Kundang landing on the coast?
8. What did Malin Kundang‟s mother do when she heard that Malin Kundang landed on the coast?
9. What made Malin Kundang‟s mother sad and angry?
10. Explain the moral message contained in the story above!
B. Post-test
The Legend of Kesodo Feast
The Legend of Kesodo Feast Hundreds years ago, the last king of Majapahit had a young princess from one of his wives. The princess was named Roro Anteng. Later, Roro Anteng married Joko Seger, who came from Brahman caste. Because of unfortunate situation the couple was forced to leave the kingdom. They settled in the mountain area. They ruled the area and named it Tengger, which was derived from their names, Roro Anteng and Joko Seger. After several years of reign, the region flourished in prosperity, but Roro Anteng and Joko Seger were sad because they did not have a child.
They climbed the top of mountain and prayed there night and day hoping that the God would listen. The prayer was heard and Betoro Bromo promised them many children. However, they had to promise that they would sacrifice their youngest child in return. Roro Anteng gave birth to a child, then another and another. In the end, Roro Anteng and Joko Seger had 25 children. Soon it was time to sacrifice the youngest child, Kusuma, but the parents could not do it. They tried to hide him, but an eruption happened and Kusuma fell into the crater.
There was silence before they heard a voice. “I have to be sacrificed so that you will all stay alive. From now on, you should arrange an annual offering ceremony on the 14th of Kesodo (the twelfth month of Tengerese calendar)”. It was Kusuma‟s voice. Kusuma‟s brothers and sisters held the offering ceremony every year. Instead