4.1 Findings
4.1.1 Analysis of Mood Types in Jokowi’s Speech
4.1.1.1 Indicative Mood
Indicative mood divided into two types, namely: declarative and interrogative. Both of the subtypes are adopted by Jokowi in his speech.
4.1.1.1.1 Declarative
Declarative mood functions to give information, to express the speaker’s idea and recieves that information. Below, some examples of declarative mood found in Jokowi’s speech:
(i) Our dream, our ambition is that by 2045, after one century of Indonesia independence, Indonesia should, Insha Allah (God willing), have escaped the middle-income trap.
Our dream, our ambition
Is that by 2045, after one century of Indonesia independence,
Indonesia should, Insha Allah (God willing), have escaped the middle-income trap
S F P Conj.
Adj
Adj C
Mood Residue Residue
This clause is the type of declarative clause. The declarative clause functions as statement to give information to the audiences or listeners. Declarative mood come up with Subject + Finite. Through this clause, declarative clause used by the speaker to tell his audiences about the target of Indonesia in the futures that Indonesia in 2045 to be a big country, get out from the middle incomes trap. In this clause Jokowi
expresses that Indonesia has a large number of productive-age population, which means Indonesia has potential to get rid from the middle-income trap.
(ii) Indonesia will have become an advanced country with an annual income of Rp 320 million per capita or a monthly income of Rp 27 million per capita.
Indonesia will have become
an advanced country
with an annual income of Rp 320 million per capita or a monthly income of Rp 27 million per capita.
S F; mod P C Adj
Mood Residue
(iii)That is our target.
That is our target
S F P C
Mood Residue
The clause (ii) and (iii) above are the types of declarative clause same as the first example. The example (ii) and (iii) are related each other. These declarative clauses express about the speaker’s prediction that will be happen in the future, which Indonesia will become an advance country with an annual income Rp 320 million per capita or a monthly income Rp 27 million per capita. That is Indonesia’s target and what the speaker tries to tell to the audience.
(iv) Our job is to guarantee [that the program] is delivered, not just sent.
Our job
is to guarantee [that the program] is delivered, not just sent
S F P Adj
Mood Residue
The clause above indicates declarative clause. In this clause the speaker tries to give information to the audiences that the government’s jobs not only completed the programs, or report the programs to the president but also ensure that the people felt and got the result.
(v) First, the development of human resource will be our main priority, building a workforce that is hard-working, dynamic, skilled with a mastery in science and technology, [as well as] inviting global talents to work together with us First the
development
of human
resource
will be our main priority, building a workforce that is hard-working, dynamic, skilled with a mastery in science and technology, [as well as] inviting global talents to work together with us.
S F; mod P C
Mood Residue
(vi) This cannot be achieved with old methods.
This Cannot be achieved with old methods.
S F; mod (neg) P C
Mood Residue
In these clauses the speaker wants to give or share information about something to the audience or listener. In these clauses the speaker tries to express or tell about what is should to do by the audience. The speaker tells in order to realize Indonesia’s dreams and get out from the middle-income trap, we have to keep developing new ways and used certain methods. Therefore, Jokowi assert about five
things will be done by the government including the Indonesian citizens. The first thing is to develop the human resource. The human resource is one of important thing in order to become an advance country and helps the contribution in producing goods or services that impact for the economy of the country.
(vii) I also express my thanks to all state institutions, government officials, the TNI [Indonesian Military] and the National Police, and all components of the nation.
I also express my
thanks
to all state institutions, government officials, the TNI [Indonesian Military] and the National Police, and all components of the nation
S Conj. Adj F P C Adj
Mood Mood Residue
From the example above, the clause indicates declarative clause. This clause expresses the speaker’s opinion. Jokowi, as the speaker shows his attitudes to express his gratitude to all of people who has worked with him to oversee the government during his tenure as president.
4.1.1.1.2 Interrogative
Interrogative mood is an expression of question. Question is a way to demanding information either by yes or no or WH-Question and ended by question mark (?) Imperative clause also plays important role in the speech. Imperative clause function to demand an information from the audience. In other hand, this clause
helps to keep the interaction between the speaker and the audiences. In Jokowi’s speech, the researcher found one of interrogative mood, that is:
(i) Echelon I echelon II, echelon III, echelon IV – isn’t that too many?
Echelon I echelon II, echelon III, echelon IV
isn’t that too many?
C F(neg) P S Adj
Residue Mood
Like declarative mood, interrogative mood may either positive or negative. In the example above the interrogative clause is in the negative form. The speaker demands information from the audience by asking the audience with the type of yes or no question. The speaker asks to the audience whether they agree or not with the speaker’s opinion. In order hand, interrogative clause used by the speaker to maintain the relationship with the audiences.