PARALLEL SESSION
AT 20 METERS AND 30 METERS DEPTH Varidianto Yudo
Department of Microbiology,
Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia Email: [email protected]
Background: In the last few decades there have been many outbreaks and food poisoning diseases from marine waters. This can be caused by contamination of pathogenic bacteria into the sea. Sea water at depths of 20 meters and 30 meters has several factors that can inhibit the growth of pathogenic bacteria, for example salinity and pressure. Pathogenic bacteria that are able to withstand the growth inhibiting factors have the ability to contaminate the environment
Objective: To determine the risk of seawater pollution by some pathogenic bacteria (Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentriae, Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli) on factors of salinity and pressure at 20 meters and 30 meters depths.
Methods: Pathogenic bacterial isolates of Salmonella typhi, Shigella dysentriae, Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli were grown in a liquid Muller Hinton medium with 3.5% salinity. The pathogenic bacterial isolates were exposed to pressurized air 2 ATA (equivalent to 20 m depth) and pressurized air 3 ATA (equivalent to 30 m depth) using a hyperbaric chamber. The isolates then were re-cultured on solid medium with pour plate method. Counting the number of isolates colonies by the Total Plate Count (TPC) method to determine whether there are growth restrictions or not.
Result: Salmonella typhi bacteria showed survival in 3.5% salinity liquid medium at 2 ATA pressure, but not at 3 ATA pressure. Shigella dysentriae, Vibrio cholerae and Escherichia coli showed survival in a 3.5% salinity liquid medium at the pressure of 2 ATA and 3 ATA. In statistical analysis, there was no difference between the depths of 20 and 30 meters. But from the graph showed that the higher pressure (depth) caused the survival of pathogenic bacteria to decrease (TPC decreases).
Conclusion:. Escherichia coli, Shigella dysentriae and Vibrio cholerae have resistance to factors of salinity 3.5% and depth pressure at 20 meters and 30 meters. While Salmonella typhi only was able to survive at a depth of 20 meters only. These four pathogenic bacteria are likely to cause pollution in the marine environment at depths of 20 meters and 30 meters
Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) of Elementary School Children in Coastal Areas of Gisik Cemandi Village, Sidoarjo District and Kedung Cowek Village, Surabaya City,
East Java Province, Indonesia
Wienta Diarsvitri*, Devinta Akhlinianti, Ayu Fitria Marini, M. Fathi Ilmawan, Peppy Nawangsasi Dept. of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Hang Tuah
*Corresponding autor: [email protected] Abstract
Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD) caused a negative impact by inhibiting the physical growth and brain development of fetuses, infants, toddlers and children; and in the long term it will affect the quality of human resources. Based on the medical examination of elementary school childrens in the coastal area by medical student of Hang Tuah University in 2016, there were children with stunting and having enlargement of thyroid gland. Urinary Iodine Excretion (UIE) is one of the indicator of body’s iodine adequacy. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of iodine deficiency by UIE in the 4th – 6th year- students at elementary schools in Gisik Cemandi Village, Sidoarjo Regency and Kedung Cowek Village, Surabaya City. This study used quantitative methods by measuring UIE, height, weight and palpation of the thyroid gland. UIE measurement was conducted at Balai Besar Laboratorium Kesehatan Surabaya.
Of the total 191 elementary chool childrens, 61 children gave their urine samples. Girls had a lower median UIE (71.40 µg /L) than boys (72.35 µg /L). The prevalence of mild iodine deficiency in children with short height per age category was 24.5%, while normal height per age was 75.5%. A mild iodine deficiency prevalence in Gisik Cemandi Village was higher (94.7%) than in Kedung Cowek Village (83.4%). Majority of elementary school children in Gisik Cemandi Village, Sidoarjo Regency and Kedung Cowek Village, Surabaya City had a mild iodine deficiency with median UIE of 71.40 µg / L below the normal value of UIE for elementary school childrens based on WHO criteria (100- 199 µg /L). Accordingly, the related parties should give education and nutrition interventions to combat the iodine deficiency..
Keywords: Iodine Deficiency, Ekskresi Urine Iodine, Elementary School Children
CORRELATION BETWEEN DEPRESSION AND QUALITY OF LIFE HIV TREATMENT NAIVE PATIENT IN RSAL DR RAMELAN SURABAYA AND RSUD SIDOARJO
Quri Meihaerani Savitri*, Wienta Diarsvitri Faculty of Medicine Hang Tuah University Surabaya
*E-mail : [email protected]
Background : Depression syndrome is the most common psychological manifestation associated with HIV infection. In Indonesia, little is known about depression and its impact on quality of life in patient with HIV infection. The aim of this study was to determine the association between depression and quality of life of HIV infection treatment-naive patient.
Method : This study was conducted on 46 HIV treatment naive aged 17 years and over at Dr. Ramelan Naval Hospital, Surabaya and Sidoarjo Regency Goverment Hospital. The depression was evaluated using Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI-II) questionnaire and quality of life was evaluated using WHO QoL-BREF questionnaire in Indonesian language.
Results : Majority of samples in this study were males (63%). Most of samples were graduated from Senior High School (39,1%). Majority of samples were from High Risk Men (32,6%).The quality of life mean score was 83,95. The depression mean score was 16,40. The Pearson Correlation Test showed a significant correlation between depression total score (BDI-II) with the fourth domain of quality of life (environtment) (p=0,005; r=-0,440) and between depression total score (BDI-II) with quality of life total score (p=0,003; r=-0,472).
Conclusion : There were significant correlations between depression with environment domain of quality of life and quality of life total score.
Hyperbaric Oxygen Effects towards Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase level in Sprague dawley with Endothelial dysfunction by high-cholesterol diet
Herin Setianingsih1, Soetjipto 2 I Ketut Sudiana 3 Guritno Suryokusumo 4
1Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty of Hang Tuah University of Surabaya,
2Professor, PhD Department of Biochemistry, Medical Faculty of Airlangga University of Surabaya,
3Professor, Department of Pathology Anatomy, Medical Faculty of Airlangga University of Surabaya,
4Professor, Aquatic and Hyperbaric Medicine Academie Nationale de Medecine, Paris, France, Email: [email protected]
Background : Endothelial dysfunction plays an important role in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis.
Atherosclerosis triggers the occurrence of coronary heart disease (CHD) associated with arterial narrowing, which causes insufficiency of blood supply containing a lot of oxygen. Hyperbaric oxygen delivery at a pressure of 2.4 ATA O2 98% is able to provide beneficial effects through Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) molecules that trigger signal molecules for various transcription factors, growth factors, cytokines and hormones.
Material and Methods : This study was an experimental study, using thirty white rats (Rattus norvegicus) Sprague dawley strains.There were 3 groups of p1, p2, and p3, and each group consists of 10 rats with the normal control for p1, high cholesterol diet for p2, and high cholesterol diet with hyperbaric oxygen of 2.4 ATA with 98% O2 for 3 sessions with the duration of 30 minutes / session, and air break for 5 minutes between each session for the period of 10 days consecutively for p3.
endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS), were examined by using ELISA method.
Results : Administration of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) 2,4 ATA with 98% oxygen for 3 sessions with the duration of 30 minutes/session, and airbreak for 5 minutes between each session for the period of 10 days consecutively in experimental animals endothelial dysfunction, increased endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) (p=0,000).
Conclusion : Hyperbaric oxygen could improve endothelial dysfunction due to a high-cholesterol diet.
THE EFFECT OF RED SEAWEED (Kappaphycus alvarezii) EXTRACT TOWARD FATTY DEGENERATION ON HEPATOCYTE CELL (STEATOSIS) IN WISTAR RATS
BY HIGH-FAT DIET Herin Setianingsih
Email: [email protected]
Anatomy Department, Medical Faculty of Hang Tuah University of Surabaya
Sedentary lifestyle and behavior of people who tend to eat fatty foods can increase the prevalence of obesity that leads to metabolic syndrome. Excessive food intake in this case high-fat diet can lead to greater caloric intake than its expenditure, resulting in excess fat that will be stored in adipose tissue or will be buried in the visceral organs. Obesity, a condition in which excess fat mass accumulated in the body, is the etiology of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. Extract of red seaweed (Kappaphycus alvarezii) is known to have many effects that are useful for treating non-alcoholic fatty liver.
The aim of this study was to determine the effect of seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) against fatty liver that is seen from the description of fatty degeneration of hepatocyte cell (steatosis) in Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet.
This study was a true experimental research with post test control group design. The subjects were 24 male Wistar rats (Rattus norvegicus) divided into 3 groups: a group fed standard diet for 28 days (K1), a group fed high fat diet for 28 days (K2), dan a group who was given a high-fat diet for 28 days dan on the day-15 until the day-28 was given red seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) with a dose of 140mg/200grBB/day (K3). After that, surgery of the liver was done and liver histopathology assessment was measured based on the levels or grading of steatosis. Statistical analysis with Mann-Whitney test in two groups (K2 and K3) with a confidence level of 95% showed p value = 0.025 (p <α) meaning there was significant difference of the description of fatty degeneration on hepatocyte cell (steatosis) between the groups of rats fed a high-fat diet without Seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) compared with rats fed a high-fat diet and seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii).
In conclusion, extract of seaweed extract (Kappaphycus alvarezii) can affect the description of fatty degeneration on hepatocyte cell (steatosis) in Wistar rats (Rattus novergicus) fed a high-fat diet.
The Effect of Ketapang (Terminalia catappa) Fruit and Leaf Extract to Blood Glucose and LDL Cholesterol Levels in Wistar Rats (Rattus norvegicus) Induxed by Alloxan
Lybelary Dewi Satrianawaty, Fransiska Christela, Anthony Anugrah Jeshua Faculty of Medicine Hang Tuah University, Surabaya, Indonesia
Email: [email protected]
Alloxan cause damage of pancreatic beta cells, results in decrease insulin production and cause hyperglycemia.
The combination of high fat diet and alloxan are used as animal models to create diabetic condition through increased Reactive oxygen Species (ROS). Ketapang (Terminalia catappa) is a tree commonly found along the coastal area in Indonesia. Its fruit and leaf contain flavonoid and tannin, which are able to quench ROS and expected to decrease blood glucose and LDL cholesterol levels in alloxan induced Wistar rats.
This study aimed to determine the effect of ketapang (Terminalia catappa) fruit and leaf extract in decreasing glucose and LDL cholesterol levels of Wistar rats induced by alloxan.
This study used 32 rats divided into 4 groups: 1) group of rats fed with standard food, 2) group of rats fed with high fat diet for the first 7 days, injected with alloxan 90 mg/kg/BW intra peritoneally on the 8thday, fed with standard food on the 11th – 18th day, 3) group of rats, the same treatment with group 2 and given glibenclamide 0,225 mg/kg/BW/day orally on the 11th – 18th day, 4) group of rats the same treatment with group 2 and given ketapang fruit and leaf extract 600 mg/Kg/BW orally on the 11th – 18th day. On the 19th day, all rats were sacrificed. Laboratory test of blood glucose and LDL cholesterol were performed.
The result of Mann-Whitney U test showed there was significant differences (p=0.001) between group of rats that fed with standard food ( 137.13 6.71mg/dL) and group of rats that fed with high fat diet and induced by alloxan ( 59.18mg/dL). There was no significant differences (p=0,052 and p=0,495 ) of blood glucose level between group of rats that fed with high fat diet and induced by alloxan ( 283.50 59.18mg/dL) compared to group of rats that fed with high fat diet, induced by alloxan, treated with glibenclamide ( 10.74mg/dL) and group of rats that fed with high fat diet, induced by alloxan, treated with ketapang extract (
37.80mg/dL).
The result one-way Anova test showed that there was no significant differences (p=0,927) of LDL cholesterol between group of rats that fed with standard food ( 1.13mg/dL) and group of rats that fed with high fat diet and induced by alloxan ( 1.17mg/dL). There was no significant differences (p=0,586 and p=1,000) of LDL cholesterol level between group of rats that fed with high fat diet and induced by alloxan (
1.17mg/dL) compared to group of rats that fed with high fat diet, induced by alloxan, treated with glibenclamide ( 0.92mg/dL) and group of rats that fed with high fat diet, induced by alloxan, treated with ketapang extract 0.46mg/dL).
The conclusion of this study showed that high fat died combined with alloxan increased blood glucose significantly, increase LDL cholesterol but was not significantly. Meanwhile both glibenclamide and ketapang (Terminalia catappa) fruit and leaf extract reduced blood glucose and LDL cholesterol, although was not statistically significant.
BACTERIAL IDENTIFICATION AND ANTIBIOTIC SUSCEPTIBILITY TEST BY USING TDR-300B (TECHNICAL DEDICATED REASONABLE-300B) COMPARED TO VITEK 2 ON SEPSIS
PATIENTS
Verna Biutifasari 1, Aryati2, Hardiono3
1 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Hang Tuah University. Email:
2 Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University
3 Department of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, Faculty of Medicine Airlangga University.
Introduction. Sepsis is one of major causes of disease and mortality in many countries. One of the ways to indicate the presence of infection is blood culture. Blood culture may use conventional, semi - automatic, and automatic methods. TDR-300B is a semi-automatic culture instrument, and VITEK 2 is the automatic one.
Methods and materials. This study is an observational analysis with cross-sectional design. The samples included 49 positive culture results collected from June to July 2015 from the Intensive Care Unit Room, Emergency Room, Intensive Observation Room and Surgical Room of Dr. Soetomo Hospital. The bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test used TDR-300B and VITEK 2 by applying colorimetric and turbidimetric methods. The results were statistically analyzed by using fisher exact test and chi-square test.
Results. The suitability of bacterial identification of TDR-300B and VITEK 2 was 86.48%. The suitability of antibiotic susceptibility test of TDR-300B and VITEK 2 was not significant.
Conclusion. There was no difference between TDR-300B and VITEK 2 in the bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test. TDR-300B can be used as a substitute for VITEK 2 for the bacterial identification and antibiotic susceptibility test.
CORRELATION of Aedes aegypti LARVAE DENSITY WITH THE INCIDENCE OF DENGUE HAEMORRHAGIC FEVER IN TAMBAK CEMANDI VILLAGE , SEDATI, SIDOARJO
Risma
Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Hang Tuah University Email: [email protected]
Dengue Hemorrhagic Disease or better known with the acronym of DHF is an infectious disease caused by Dengue virus and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. Surabaya as part of East Java Province is also an endemic area of Dengue Haemorrhagic Fever because in every year there emerges many cases of DHF.
The study was conducted to determine the population density of Aedes aegypti larvae with the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the Tambak Cemandi village, Sedati, Sidoarjo. This is an observational analytic study. Approach using the insulation cross test (Cross sectional study). The population in this study were all residents and all larval of Ae. aegypti Surabaya and all larval of Ae.
aegypti in in the Tambak Cemandi village, Sedati, Sidoarjo.
Descriptively, it was found that in home with Aedes aegypti larvae, there were more dengue hemorrhagic fever than in home without Aedes aegypti larvae.
The results of this research with the statistical analysis test (Spearman correlation) can be concluded that there was no correlation between the density of Aedes aegypti larvae with the incidence of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever in the Tambak Cemandi village, Sedati, Sidoarjo, East Java province (p>0.05).