CHAPTER IV THE CRITICISM OF HADITHS’ SANAD
B. The Second Hadith
َح ،َبو يَأ ِبَِأ ُنْب ُديِعَس اَنَ ثَّدَح ،ُئِرْقُمْلا َديِزَي ُنْب ِالل ُدْبَع اَنَ ثَّدَح ، ٍبْرَح ُنْب ُرْ يَىُز ِنَِثَّدَحو ِنَِثَّد
،ِّيِلُبُْلْا ِنَْحَّْرلا ِدْبَع ِبَِأ ْنَع ، ِنّاَبْ تِقْلا ٍساَّبَع ُنْب ُشاَّيَع َّنَأ ، ِصاَعْلا ِنْب وِرْمَع ِنْب ِالل ِدْبَع ْنَع
: َلاَق َمَّلَسَو ِوْيَلَع ُالل ىَّلَص َّ ِبَِّنلا َنْيَّدلا َّلًِإ ،ٍءْيَش َّلُك ُرِّفَكُي ِالل ِليِبَس ِفِ ُلْتَقْلا «
»
a. Muslim bin al-H{ajja>j
A hadith scholar whose fullname Al-Ima>m Muslim bin al-H{ajja>j bin Muslim Abu> al-H{usain al-Qusyairi> al-Naisabu>ri>.248 He is one of phenomenal hadith scholar. He made journey to Iraq, Hejaz, Sham, Egypt, Bagdad and many others.249 He transmitted hadith from Ibra>hi>m bin Kha>lid, Ibra>hi>m bin Di>na>r, Ah}mad bin al-Hasan, Bisyr bin Hila>l, al-H{asan bin ‘I<sa>, Zuhair bin H{arb, and many others. He transmitted hadith to Ibra>hi>m bin Ish}a>q, Ah}mad bin Salamah, ‘Abdurrah}man bin Abi> H{a>tim, Makki> bin Adna>n, and others. He performed pilprimage in his twenty. He was born in 202 AH and passed away on Ra>ja>b 261 AH.250
‘Abdurrah}man bin Abi> H{a>tim found him s\iqah.251 Muh}ammad bin Basysya>r said ‚There are four most excellent memorizer on this earth, i.e. Abu> Zar’ah,
248 Abu> ‘Abdulla>h al-H{a>kim Muh}ammad bin ‘Abdulla>h bin Muh}ammad bin H{amdawaih bin Nu’aim bin al-H{akam al-D{abi> al-T{ahma>ni> al-Naisabu>ri>, Talkhi>s} Ta>rikh Naisabu>r (Tehran:
Kita>bikha>nah bin Si>na>, n.y.), p. 34.
249 al-Khat}i>b al-Bagda>di>, Ta>rikh Bagda>d, juz 15, p. 121.
250 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 27, p 499.
251 Syams al-Di>n Abu> ‘Abdilla>h Muh}ammad bin Ah}mad bin ‘Us\ma>n bin Qaima>z al- Z|ahabi>, futherly written as al-Z|ahabi>, Ta>rikh al-Isla>m wa Wafiya>t al-Masya>hir wa al-A’la>m, juz 6 (Beirut: Da>r al-Garb al-Isla>mi>, 2003), p. 430.
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Muslim al-Naisabu>ri>, ‘Abdulla>h al-Da>rimi>, and Muh}ammad bin Isma>’i>l al- Bukha>ri>.252 Muh}ammad bin al-Wahb said that Muslim was an islamic scientist whose wide knowledge.253
b. Zuhair bin H{arb
His fullname is Zuhair bin H{arb bin Syida>d al-H{arasyi>, Abu> Khais\amah al- Nasa>i>, Maula> Bani> H{ari>sy bin Ka’ab bin ‘A<mir bin ‘As}’as}ah. He lived in Baghdad.254 He listened hadith from ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d, Yah}ya> al-Qat}t}a>n, Jari>r bin ‘Abdulla>h, H{umaid bin ‘Abdurrah}man, ‘Abdulla>h bin Idri>s and many others. He transmitted to al-Bukha>ri>, Muslim, Abu> Da>wud, Ibnu Ma>jah, Baqi> bin Mukhallad and many others.255 He was born in 160 AH and died on Rabi>’ul A<khir 234 AH.256
Al-Z|ahabi> found him one of hadith scholar in Bagda>d, and his son is al-H{a>fiz}
Abu> Bakr whose al-Ta>rikh Book.257 Ibnu Ma’i>n found him s\iqah, and al-
‘Ajali> found him S{adu>q.258 Al-H{usain bin Fahm found him s\iqah, s\abat.259 Al-Kha>t}ib al-Bagda>di found him s\iqah (trustworthy), s\abat (reliable), h}a>fiz}
(good in memory) and mutqin (accurate).260 Syams al-Di>n bin Ga>zi> stated that he had many sheets of hadith.261
c. ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d al-Muqri’
252 al-Z|ahabi>, Ta>rikh al-Isla>m wa Wafiya>t al-Masya>hir wa al-A’la>m, juz 6, p. 430.
253 Ibnu H{ajr al’Asqala>ni>, Tahz\i>b al-Tahz\i>b, juz 10, p. 126.
254 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 9, p 402.
255 al-Z|ahabi>, Ta>rikh al-Isla>m wa Wafiya>t al-Masya>hir wa al-A’la>m, juz 5, p. 823.
256 Abu> al-Wali>d Sulaima>n bin Khalf bin Sa’ad bin Ayyu>b bin Wa>ris\ al-Qurt}ubi> al-Ba>ji>
al-Andalu>si>, al-Ta’di>l wa al-Tajri>h} li Man Kharaja Lah al-Bukha>ri> fi> al-Ja>mi’al-S{ah}i>h}, juz 2 (Riyadh: Da>r al-Liwa>’ li al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi’ 1986), p. 594.
257 al-Z|ahabi>, Ta>rikh al-Isla>m wa Wafiya>t al-Masya>hir wa al-A’la>m, juz 5, p. 823.
258 S{ala>h al-Di>n Khali>l bin Aibak bin ‘Abdulla>h al-S{afadi>, al-Wa>fi> bi al-Wafiya>t, juz 14 (Beirut: Da>r Ih}ya>’ al-Tura>s\, 2000), p. 153.
259 Abu> Muh}ammad Mah}mu>d bin Ah}mad bin Mu>sa> bin Ah}mad bin H{usain al-Gaita>bi> al- H{anafi>, Maga>ni> al-Akhya>r fi Syarh} Asa>mi> Rija>l Ma’a>ni> al-A<s\a>r, juz 1 (Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-
‘Ilmiyyah, 2006), p. 336.
260 al-Khat}i>b al-Bagda>di>, Ta>rikh Bagda>d, juz 9, p. 509.
261 Syams al-Di>n Abu> al-Ma’a>li> Muh}ammad bin ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ga>zi>, Di>wa>n al- Isla>m, juz 2 (Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-Ilmiyyah, 1990), p. 219.
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His fullname is ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d al-Muqri’ Abu> ‘Abdurrah}man Maula> of
‘Umar bin al-Khat}t}a>b’s family. He was an Ahvazian (near from Basrah), but lived in Mecca.262 He transmitted hadith from al-S|auri>, Hamma>m bin Yah}ya>, al-Lais\ bin Sa’ad, Sa’i>d bin Abi> Ayyu>b, Ibnu Lahi>’ah and Yah}ya> bin
‘Abdulla>h.263 He transmitted hadith to al-Bukha>ri>, Ibra>hi>m bin ‘Abdulla>h bin Munz\ir, Ah}mad bin H{anbal, Abu> Khais\amah Zuhair bin H{arb al-Nasa>i>, Muh}ammad bin H{ami>d, ‘Ali> bin Nas}r and others.264 He studied the Qur’an in Basrah for 36 years, then lived in Mecca for 35 years. He died in Mecca on Rajab265 213 AH.266
Abu> Ya’la> (d. 307 AH) found him s\iqah, and his transmissions are written in al-Ja>mi’ al-S}ah}i>h} book.267 Abu> H{a>tim found him s}adu>q.268 Al-Nasa>i> found him s\iqah. Ibnu Sa’ad classified him s\iqah due to the number of his hadith transmission.269 Ibnu H{ibba>n included him to s\iqah transmitter in his al- S|iqa>t.270 Al-Khali>li> said ‚His transmission is s\iqah. yuh}tajju bih (he is consulted). In several hadith, his transmission is fard (very single).‛271
d. Sa’i>d bin Abi> Ayyu>b
He is a transmitter whose fullname Sa’i>d bin Abi> Ayyu>b Abu> Yah}ya>, Ibnu Miqla>s} al-Khuza>’i> al-Mis}ri>.272 He was born in 100 AH273 then passed away in
262 Ibnu Abi> H{a>tim, al-Jarh} wa al-Ta’di>l, juz 5, p. 201.
263 Abu> Ya’la>, al-Irsya>d fi> Ma’rifah ‘Ulama> al-H{adi>s\, juz 1, p. 383.
264 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 16, p 322.
265 Abu> Sulaima>n Muh}ammad bin ‘Abdulla>h bin Ah}mad bin Rai’ah bin Sulaima>n bin Kha>lid bin ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ziar al-Rai’i>, Ta>rikh Maulid al-‘Ulama>’ wa Wafa>tihim, juz 2 (Riyadh: Da>r al-‘A<s}imah, 1410 AH), p. 474.
266 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 16, p 322.
267 Abu> Ya’la>, al-Irsya>d fi> Ma’rifah ‘Ulama> al-H{adi>s\, juz 1, p. 383.
268 Ibnu H{ajar al-‘Asqala>ni>, Tahz\i>b al-Tahz\i>b, juz 6, p. 83.
269 Ibnu Sa’ad, T{abaqa>t al-Kubra>, juz 5, p. 501.
270 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 8, p. 342.
271 Ibnu H{ajar al-‘Asqala>ni>, Tahz\i>b al-Tahz\i>b, juz 6, p. 84.
272 Al-Bukha>ri>, Ta>ri>kh al-Kabi>r, juz 3, p. 458.
273 Abu> Sulaima>n Muh}ammad bin ‘Abdulla>h bin Ah}mad bin Rai’ah bin Sulaima>n bin Kha>lid bin ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ziar al-Rai’i>, Ta>rikh Maulid al-‘Ulama>’ wa Wafa>tihim, juz 1, p.
238.
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161 AH.274 He transmitted hadith from Ka’ab bin ‘Alqamah, Abu> al-Aswad, Muh}ammad bin ‘Abdurrahman, Yazi>d bin Abi> H{abi>b, ‘Ayya>sy bin ‘Abba>s, and many others. he transmitted to Ibnu Wahb, ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d al- Muqri’, Ibnu Juraij, Ibnu al-Muba>rak, and others.275 A source stated that he transmitted hadith from Medinians and to Egyptians.276
Ibnu Sa’ad found him s\iqah s\abat.277 Yah}ya> bin Ma’i>n and al-Nasa>i> also found him s\iqah.278 Ibnu H{ibba>n included him in his s\iqah transmitters list.279 Ah}mad bin H{anbal and Abu> H{a>tim al-Ra>zi> found him la> ba’sa bih (he is acceptable). Al-Z|ahabi> (d. 748) classified him to s\iqah transmitter,280 h}a>fiz}, and faqi>h.281
e. ‘Ayya>sy bin ‘Abba>s
His fullname is ‘Ayya>sy bin ‘Abba>s Abu> ‘Abdurrah}i>m al-Qitba>ni> al-H{imra>ni>
al-Mis}ri>.282 He was a scholar living in Egypt.283 He died in 133 AH.284 His teachers were Bukair bin ‘Abdulla>h bin al-Asyja’, Juna>dah bin Abi>
Umayyah, Sa>lim bin Abi> al-Nad}r, Abu> ‘Abdurrah}man al-H{ubulli>, Abu>
Tami>m al-Zuhri>, Abu> Salamah bin ‘Abdurrah}man bin ‘Awf and many others.
His students were Isra>’i>l bin ‘Amr, Abu> S{akhr H{umaid bin Ziya>d, Sa’i>d bin
274 Abu> Sa’i>d ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ah}mad bin Yu>nus al-S{adafi>, Ta>ri>kh Ibnu Yu>nus al- Mis}ri>, juz 1 (Beirut: Da>r al-Kutub al-‘Ilmiyyah, 1421 AH), p. 203.
275 Ah{mad bin ‘Ali> bin Muh{ammad bin Ibra>hi>m Abu> Bakr bin Manju>yah, Rija>l S{ah}i>h}
Muslim, juz 1 (Beirut: Da>r al-Ma’rifah, 1407 AH), p. 243.
276 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 6, p. 362.
277 Ibnu Sa’ad, T{abaqa>t al-Kubra>, juz 7, p. 357.
278 Abu> Zakariyya> Yah}ya> bin Ma’i>n bin ‘Awf bin Ziya>d bin Bast}a>m bin ‘Abdurrah}man al-Bagda>di>, Ta>rikh Ibnu Ma’i>n, juz 1, p. 96.
279 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 6, p. 362.
280 Syams al-Di>n Abu> ‘Abdulla>h Muh}ammad bin Ah}mad bin ‘Us\ma>n bin Qaima>z al- Z|ahabi>, al-Ka>syif fi> Ma’rifah Man Lahu> Riwa>yah fi> al-Kutub al-Sittah (Jeddah: Da>r al-Qiblah li al-S|aqa>fah al-Isla>miyyah, 1992), p. 432.
281 Syams al-Di>n Abu> ‘Abdulla>h Muh}ammad bin Ah}mad bin ‘Us\ma>n bin Qaima>z al- Z|ahabi>, Siyar A’la>m al-Nubala>’, juz 7 (Beirut: Muassasah al-Risa>lah, 1985), p. 22.
282 Al-Bukha>ri>, Ta>ri>kh al-Kabi>r, juz 7, p. 48.
283 Ibnu H{ibba>n, Masya>hi>r ‘Ulama>’ al-Ams}a>r wa A’la>m Fuqaha>’ al-Aqt}a>r, p. 299.
284 Abu> Sa’i>d ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ah}mad bin Yu>nus al-S{adafi>, Ta>ri>kh Ibnu Yu>nus al- Mis}ri>, juz 1, p. 384.
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Abi> Ayyu>b, Syu’bah bin al-H{ajja>j, al-Mufad}d}il bin Fad}a>lah, Na>fi’ bin Yazi>d and many others.285
Al-‘Ajali> found him s\iqah.286 So did Yah}ya> bin Ma’i>n and Abu> Da>wud. ‘Abu>
H{a>tim found him s}a>lih}.287 Ibnu H{ibba>n included him to s\iqah transmitter.288 Al-Nasa>’i> rated him laisa bihi> ba’s (he is acceptable). Abu> Bakr al-Baraz found him masyu>r (famous).289
f. Abu> ‘Abdurrah}man al-H{ubuli>
He is a t}a>bi’in whose fullname ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d Abu> ‘Abdurrah}man al- H{ubuli> al-Mis}ri>. He lived in Egypt,290 but his hometown was Sham.
Egyptians knew him well.291 He died in 100 AH>. His teachers were Ja>bir bin
‘Abdulla>h, ‘Abdulla>h bin ‘Amr bin al-‘As}, ‘Abdulla>h bin ‘Umar bin al- Khat}t}a>b, ‘Uqbah bin ‘A<mir al-Juha>ni>, ‘Amma>rah bin Syabi>b al-Sabi>, Fad}a>lah bin ‘Ubaid, Qabi>s}ah bin Z|ai>b, al-Mustawrid bin Syida>d, Abu> Ayyu>b al- Ans}a>ri>, Abu> al-Bakhtari> al-Azdi>, Abu> Z|ar al-Gifa>ri>, Abu> Sa’i>d al-Khudri>, and Abu> ‘Abdulla>h al-S{ana>bah}i>. His students were Bakr bin Sawa>dah, H{umaid bin Ha>ni>, Zuhrah bin Ma’bad, Qais bin al-H{ajja>j, ‘Ayya>sy bin
‘Abba>s, ‘Abdulla>h bin Abi> Ja’far, and many others.292
Al-‘Ajali> found him s\iqah.293 So did Yah}ya> bin Ma’i>n.294 Ibnu H{ibba>n included him to s\iqah transmitter.295 Al-Da>ruqut}ni> included him to s\iqah
285 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 22, p. 557.
286 Al-‘Ajali>, Ta>ri>kh al-S|iqa>t, juz 1, p. 378.
287 Ibnu Abi> H{a>tim, al-Jarh} wa al-Ta’di>l, juz 7, p. 6.
288 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 7, p. 292.
289 Ibnu H{ajr al’Asqala>ni>, Tahz\i>b al-Tahz\i>b, juz 8, p. 198.
290 Al-Bukha>ri>, Ta>ri>kh al-Kabi>r, juz 75, p. 226.
291 Ah{mad bin ‘Ali> bin Muh{ammad bin Ibra>hi>m Abu> Bakr bin Manju>yah, Rija>l S{ah}i>h}
Muslim, juz 1, p. 400.
292 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 16, p. 317.
293 Al-‘Ajali>, Ta>ri>kh al-S|iqa>t, juz 1, p. 283.
294 Ibnu Abi> H{a>tim, al-Jarh} wa al-Ta’di>l, juz 5, p. 197.
295 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 5, p. 51.
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transmitter in s}ah}i>h}ain (S{ah}i>h} al-Bukha>ri> and S{ah}i>h} Muslim).296 Al-Z|ahabi>
also rated him s\iqah in his al-Ka>syif.297 Abu> Sa’i>d bin Yu>nus found him s}a>lih (upright)}.298
g. ‘Abdulla>h bin ‘Amr bin al-‘A<s}
He was a companion of the Prophet pbuh. whose fullname ‘Abdulla>h bin
‘Amr bin al-‘A<s} bin Wa>il bin Ha>syim bin Sa’i>d bin Sahm. His mother’s name was Rait}ah binti Munabbih bin al-H{ajja>j bin ‘A<mir bin H{uz\aifah bin bin Sa’ad bin Sahm.299 His kunyah was Abu> Muh}ammad, Abu> Nus}air and Abu> ‘Abdurrah}man.300 His teachers were the Prophet pbuh., Abu> Bakr al- S{iddi>q, ‘Umar bin al-Khat}t}a>b, ‘Abdurrah}man bin ‘Awf, Abu> Darda>’, Mu’a>z\
bin Jabal and his father.301 His students were Ibra>hi>m bin Muh}ammad Abu>
Ima>mah, Bisyr bin Syagaf, Juna>dah bin Abi> Umayyah, ‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d al-Hubuli>, ‘Abdulla>h bin ‘Ubaidilla>h, ‘Abdurrah}man bin Ra>fi’, and many others.
He converted to Islam before fath} makkah (conquest of Mecca) before his father.302 He joined Africa war with Abi> Sarh} in 17 AH. He also participated conquest of Egypt. He was also a part of Siffin War. He resided in Mecca then moved to Sham, then Egypt untill his death. in Sham, he resided in
296 Al-Da>ruqut}ni>, Z|ikr Asma>’ al-Ta>bi’i>n wa Min Ba’dihim Min Man S{ah}h}at Riwa>yatih
‘An al-S|iqa>t ‘Inda al-Bukha>ri> wa Muslim, juz 2, p. 145.
297 al-Z|ahabi>, al-Ka>syif fi> Ma’rifah Man Lahu> Riwa>yah fi> al-Kutub al-Sittah, juz 1, p.
609. 298 Al-Mizzi>, Tahz\i>b al-Kama>l fi Asma>’ al-Rija>l, juz 16, p. 317.
299 Ibnu Sa’ad, al-T{abaqa>t al-Kubra>, juz 4, p. 197.
300 Abu> Nu’aim Ah}mad bin ‘Abdulla>h bin Ah}mad bin Ish}a>q bin Mu>sa> bin Mihra>n al- As}baha>ni>, Ma’rifah al-S{ah}a>bah, juz 3 (Riyadh: Da>r al-Wat}an li al-Nasyr, 1998), p. 1720.
301 Abu> al-Qa>sim ‘Ali> bin al-H{asan bin Hibatulla>h Ibnu ‘Asa>kir, Ta>rikh Dimasyqi, juz 31 (Beirut: Da>r al-Fikr li al-T{aba>’ah wa al-Nasyr wa al-Tauzi>’, 1995), p. 238.
302 Al-Bagawi>, Mu’jam al-S{ah}a>bah, juz 3, p. 495.
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‘Ajla>n, a village near to Gaza.303 He was an Islamic studiy scholar, religious and reciter of the Quran. The Prophet allowed him to write hadith.304
Conclussion:
a. Ittis}a>l al-Sanad
Sanad Year of
Birth (AH)
Year of Death (AH)
Hometown and Journey
Muslim 202 261 Damascus, other cities
Zuhair bin H{arb 160 234 Bagdad
‘Abdulla>h bin Yazi>d al-Muqri’
142 213 Basrah and Mecca
Sa’i>d bin Abi>
Ayyu>b
100 161 Egypt and Medina
‘Ayya>sy bin
‘Abba>s
- 133 Egypt
Abu>
‘Abdurrah}man al-H{ubulli>
- 100 Sham, Egypt
‘Abdulla>h bin
‘Amr bin al-‘A<s}
3 BH 65 Mecca, Sham, Egypt
Based on the above-mentioned data, this sanad is muttas}il (continuous) although there are unexplained years of birth of some transmitters. They and both students and teachers were mu’a>s}arah each other. Based on their residence and journey, they might meet (imka>n al-liqa>’). This riwa>yah is also marfu’.
b. ‘Adl and D{abt}
Sanad Jarh} Ta’di>l Conclussion
Muslim - s\iqah s\iqah
303 Ibnu H{ibba>n, al-S|iqa>t, juz 3, p. 211.
304 Abu> al-H{asan ‘Ali> bin Abi> al-Karim Muh}ammad bin ‘Abd al-Kari>m bin ‘Abdul Wah}i>d al-Syaiba>ni> al-Juzri>, Usd al-Ga>bah, juz 3 (Beirut: Da>r al-Fikr, 1989), p. 245.