Review jurnal stunting

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TUGAS Nama : Reza Ismeralda Maharani

Nim : 70300121018

A. Fenomena yang Diamati

Fenomena yang akan saya amati yakni banyaknya fenomena stunting yang ada di Indonesia dan masih menjadi masalah kesehatan no 1 pada anak

B. Menentukan Keyword

Problem Intervention/Exposure Comparison/Control Outcome Stunting Asupan gizi balita;

Status gizi ibu hamil;

Ketersediaan pangan;

Berat badan lahir;

Pola pemberian makan;

Pendidikan ibu;

Dukungan keluarga;

- Mengetahui faktor

dominan yang memicu kejadian stunting

Alternative keywords

Stunting Growth disorders Risk factors Mother’s

knowledge food

availability

Familly support Feeding behavior Nutritional intake children

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C. Melakukan Penelusuran Literatur

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Lakukan Pembatasan berdasarkan scope penelitian:

Jenis penelitian Kuantitatif dengan pendekatan deskriptif analitik, analisis regresi, cross sectional

Usia responden Anak yang berusia 12 – 59 bulan Tahun terbit 2019 – 2023

Bahasa Indonesia, Inggris Lainnya

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No Sumber Tujuan Penelitian Metode penelitian Hasil penelitian Hal yang masih perlu diteliti 1 Nama Penulis :

Gandhi Pratama, Andi Yusuf, Sukirno Kasau, Asrijun Jumantio.

Tahun Terbit : 2022

Judul Jurnal:

Analisis Faktor Resiko Kejadian Stunting Pada Balita Usia 2-5 Tahun di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sanoba Kabupaten Nabire

Nama Jurnal : An-Nada: Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat Edisi Jurnal Volume 9 No 1 Halaman : 1 – 7

Tujuan umum:

untuk mengetahui seberapa besar risiko pengetahuan ibu,

pemberian ASI Eksklusif, BBLR, tinggi ibu, dan pendapatan keluarga dengan kejadian Stunting Tujuan Khusus:

Mencari hubungan antara variabel diatas

Desain Penelitian:

Desain analitik Jumlah Sampel:

76

Tehnik Sampling:

Case and control Alat Ukur:

Uji Statistik:

Uji regresi logistik

Hasil Penelitian:

Hasil penelitian setelah di lakukan uji regresi logistic menunjukan faktor risiko yang paling berpengaruh dari semua variabel yang di teliti maka di dapatkan faktor yang berpengaruh secara singnifikan dengan kejadian Stunting adalah Riwayat BBLR dengan nilai OR 95% CI = 6,070 (3.688-18.284) artinya bayi yang mempunyai riwayat BBLR berpeluang 6,070 kali menderita Stunting dari pada bayi yang tidak memiliki riwayat BBLR atau bayi yang lahir dengan normal.

Kesimpulan:

Berdasarkan hasil dari analisis data ditemukan bahwa ada hubungan antara pengetahuan Ibu dengan kejadian Stunting, di peroleh nilai OR 95% CI = 0,023 (0,006 – 0,087), ada hubungan antara pemberian ASI Eksklusif dengan kejadian Stunting, di peroleh nilai OR 95% CI = 0,067 (0,022 – 0,208), ada hubungan antara tinggi badan Ibu dengan kejadian Stunting, di peroleh nilai OR 95% CI = 25,278 (6,468 – 98,795), ada hubungan antara pendapatan keluarga dengan kejadian Stunting,OR 95% CI = 3,588 (1,650 – 11,896), riwayat BBLR di peroleh nilai OR 95%

CI = 6,070 (3,688 – 18,284). Dari seluruh variabel riwayat BBLR adalah yang paling berpengaruh terhadap kejadian Stunting dengan nilai OR 95% CI = 6,070 (3.688- 18.284) artinya bayi yang mempunyai riwayat BBLR berpeluang 6,070 kali menderita Stunting dari pada bayi yang tidak memiliki riwayat BBLR atau bayi D. Melakukan Kajian Pustaka

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yang lahir dengan normal.

2 Nama Penulis : Happy Dwi Apiriliana, Siti Nurkhasanah, Latif Hisbullah

Judul:

Mother’s nutritional knowledge and behavior to stunting

prevalence among children under two years old: case- control

Nama Jurnal : Bali Medical Journal (Bali MedJ) Edisi Jurnal Volume 10 No 3 Halaman : 1211 – 1215

Tujuan Umum:

Aim to study the correlation between mother’s nutritional knowledge and behavior in providing nutrition for children under two years old and the prevalence of stunting in Banteran Village, Sumbang District.

analytical observational Jumlah Sampel:

68 respondents Tehnik Sampling:

proporsional random sampling Alat Ukur:

measuring height/age Uji Statistik:

Uji chi-square

There is a significant correlation between the mother’s nutritional knowledge and behavior and the stunting prevalence among children under two years old

Rekomendasi:

The recommendation in this study is that mothers who have babies less than 2 years old should learn more and get more information related to providing nutrition to children.

The importance of knowledge to mothers about providing nutrition for children can prevent stunting in children.

Therefore, it is necessary for health workers to provide education to mothers who have babies in choosing a balanced diet for children so that children grow up healthy and avoid stunting

Kesimpulan:

There was a correlation between the mothers’

nutritional knowledge level and the nutrition pattern in children with the prevalence of stunting in the village of Banteran of Sumbang Sub- District of Banyumas Regency.

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3 Nama Penulis : Raudhatul Jannah, Nurhamidi Tahun Terbit : 2023

Judul:

The Relation of Mother's Knowledge, Parenting Patterns and Household Food Security Status with Stunting Case in Children Aged 6- 23 Months (Regional Study of Landasan Ulin Health Center, Banjarbaru City) Nama Jurnal : Journal of Local Therapy

Edisi Jurnal Volume 2 No 01 Halaman : 25 – 35

Tujuan Umum:

To determine the relationship between maternal knowledge, parenting and household food security status with the incidence of stunting in children aged 6-23 months in the working area of the Landasan Ulin Health Center, Banjarbaru City

observational analytic study with a Cohort Retrospective design.

Jumlah Sampel:

92 children Tehnik Sampling:

purposive sampling technique Alat Ukur:

conducting direct

measurements and interviews using a questionnaire sheet.

Uji Statistik:

Spearman's Rank test

The results of the research conducted in the working area of the Landasan Ulin Health Center showed that the mother's knowledge mainly was in the poor category, which was 47.8%; the highest number of parenting patterns was in the sufficient category, which was 39.1%.

However, 25.0% was still in the poor parenting categories;

families with food insecure categories were more likely to be found, namely 42.4%. However, among stunting children, many families with household food security status in the food insecure category with severe hunger of as much as 23.9%

Kesimpulan:

the results of the analysis are as follows: the age of the most children is >12 – 23 months 65.2%), the gender of the most children is male (54.3% ), most of the parents' education is high school/equal, namely mother (56.5%) and father (59.8%), the mothers' occupation is mostly as a housewife (87.0%), the father's most occupation is as an entrepreneur (45.7%), the highest family income is high (58.7%), the largest number of family members is in the small category (46.7%), and the number of children under two years who experience stunting (40.2%) is less than those who are not stunted (59.8%). Which mean there is a relationship between the level of knowledge of mothers, parenting patterns and household food security status with the incidence of stunting in children under two years old 6-23 months.

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4 Nama Penulis : Shyam Sundar Budhathoki, Amit Bhandari, Rejina Gurung, Abhisek Gurung, Ashish KC

Judul:

Stunting Among Under 5‑Year‑Olds in Nepal: Trends and Risk Factors Nama Jurnal : Maternal and Child Health Journal Edisi Jurnal Volume 24 No 1 Halaman : 540 – 547

Tujuan Umum:

This study aims to study trend of stunting and its risk factors in children under 5 years of age between 2001 and 2016 in Nepal.

Multiple logistic regression analysis

Jumlah Sampel:

The 2001 NDHS interviewed 8400 women (aged 15–

49 years), the 2006 NDHS 8600 women, the 2011 NDHS, 13,485 women and the 2016 NDHS, 13,089 women across Tehnik Sampling:

secondary data from the 2001, 2006, 2011 and 2016 Nepal Demographic Health Surveys (NDHSs)

Alat Ukur:

Questionnaire Uji Statistik:

Chi square test

The nutritional status of under 5- year children improved between 2001 and 2016. Babies born into poorer families had a higher risk of stunting than those born into wealthier families. Families residing in hill districts had less risk of stunting than those in the Terai plains. Babies born to uneducated women had a higher risk of stunting than those born to educated women. The nutritional status of young children in Nepal improved between 2001 and 2016. In 2001, the risk of being stunted was higher for babies born in poor families, to non-educated women, who lived in hill or mountain districts, who were small at birth, and whose mothers smoked tobacco, whose mothers did not make any ANC visits, and who did not breastfeed them. The incidence of stunting and the level of risk decreased between 2001 and 2016. Analysis of the 2016 data showed that the mother having paid employment had a protective effect against stunting.

Kesimpulan:

The study found that the extent of risk posed by several risk factors for stunting has changed in the last 16 years. Further reducing the extent of childhood stunting requires a multisectoral approach especially in terms of further improvements in health service delivery to reduce poor nutrition.

Keterbatasan:

The study had some limitations.

First, the study was based on data from four cross-sectional surveys at different time points.

A cohort design study may have better explained the behavioural patterns/factors such as breastfeeding. Second, the reported size of babies in the data was based on mothers’

perceptions and so may have not been an accurate measure.

Third, poverty was measured through the proxy indicator of the possession of assets rather than purchasing capacity meaning that it may not fully indicate poverty status. Finally,

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some of the questions asked in the survey might have recall bias, especially on duration of breast feeding to determine exclusive breast feeding.

5 Nama Penulis : Evon Komariah Tahun Terbit : 2023

Judul:

Hubungan Dukungan Keluarga Dalam Pemberian Asi Ekslusif Dengan Kejadian Stunting Balita Umur 24 – 59 bulan Di Wilayah Kerja Puskesmas Sumbang II Nama Jurnal : Jurnal Kesehatan Masyarakat dan Lingkungan Hidup Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. 8 No. 1 Halaman : 15 – 21

Tujuan Umum:

Untuk mengetahui hubungan antara

dukungan keluarga dalam pemberian ASI selektif dengan angka hambatan pada bayi usia 24-59 bulan di wilayah kerja Posyandu Sumbang II

cross-sectional dari penelitian analitik korelatif

Jumlah Sampel:

72 responden Tehnik Sampling:

Random sampling Alat Ukur:

Kuesioner antropometri Uji Statistik:

Uji sperman rho

Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan terdapat hubungan dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian stunting terutama dalam pemberian ASI, keluarga juga lebih banyak mendukung dukungan instrumental yaitu memenuhi kebutuhan ibu dan keluarga dirumah, namun dukungan yang paling rendah yaitu informasional karena pengetahuan dan pendidikan yang rendah

Kesimpulan:

Hasil penelitian ini dapat disimpulkan bahwa terdapat hubungan antara dukungan keluarga dengan kejadian stunting pada balita umur 24 – 59 bulan di wilayah kerja Puskesmas Sumbang II

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6 Nama Penulis : Muhammad Rias Sukiman, Aryanti Bamahry, Andi Alamanda Irwan, Nirwana Laddo, Arina Fathiyyah Arifin

Judul:

Faktor-Faktor Risiko Terjadinya Stuntingpada Balita di

Puskesmas Kassi- Kassi Kota Makassar Periode Januari 2022 Nama Jurnal : Fakumi Medical Journal

Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. 2 No. 9 Halaman : 656 – 667

Tujuan Umum:

untuk mengetahui faktor faktor risiko terjadinya stuntingdi Puskesmas Kassi – Kassi Kota Makassar periode Januari Tahun 2022

Studi analitik dengan metode cross-sectional

Jumlah Sampel:

142 responden ibu Tehnik Sampling:

Simple Random sampling Alat Ukur:

Kuesioner Uji Statistik:

Uji chi-square

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa semua faktor risiko yang diteliti yaitu berat badan lahir, pemberian ASI Eksklusif, riwayat penyakit infeksi, pendidikan ibu, sosial ekonomi dan pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan stunting.

Dengan hasil dari uji chi-square yang menunjukkan nilai <0.05 yang dapat dikatakan semua faktor diatas memiliki hubungan yang signifikan

Kesimpulan:

Terdapat hubungan yang signifikan antara faktor risiko terjadinya stunting di Puskesmas Kassi-Kassi Kota Makassar diantaranya yaitu berat badan lahir rendah, ASI Eksklusif, penyakit infeksi, Pendidikan ibu, sosial ekonomi dan pengetahuan ibu tentang gizi.Diharapkan adanya penyuluhan secara berkala tentang faktor risiko terjadinya stunting, sehingga hal ini dapat meningkatkan kesadaran orangtua untuk melakukan upaya pencegahan lebih dini.

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7 Nama Penulis : William E. S.

Donkor, Joshua Mbai, Fatmata Sesay, Sundus Ibrahim Ali, Bradley A.

Woodruff1, Shuaib Mohamoud

Hussein, Kheyriya Mohamed

Mohamud, Ahmed Muse, Warsame Said Mohamed, Abdullahi Muse Mohamoud, Farhan Mohamed Mohamud, Nicolai Petry, Melanie Galvin, Rita Wegmüller, Fabian Rohner, Yvonne Katambo, James P.

Wirth

Judul:

Risk factors of stunting and wasting

Tujuan Umum:

We aimed to identify the potential risk factors of stunting and wasting in children 0–5 months and 6–59 months of age.

Tujuan Khusus:

A detailed understanding of the risk factors of stunting and wasting in both age groups will serve as the basis for policy development and targeted interventions to address childhood undernutrition.

Cross-sectional Jumlah Sampel:

1947 children Tehnik Sampling:

two-stage cluster sampling Alat Ukur:

Survey and questionnaires Uji Statistik:

Poison regression models

This study found that factors associated with stunting were diferent in children 0 to 5months of age and children 6 to 59months of age. Te lack of signifcantly associated variables with stunting in children 0 to 5 months of age could be due to the small sample size in this study. Additionally, stunting in this age group may stem predominantly from

antenatal factors. In an analysis of data from 137 developing

countries. This study concluded that fetal growth restriction was the main risk factor of stunting.

As with stunting, the factors associated with wasting in children 0-5months and 6-59 months of age were different. In children 0-5months of age, the association in younger children between recent diarrhea and wasting is unsurprising. Diarrhea can directly afect nutritional status via the loss of nutrients and fuids and by reducing food intake and nutrient absorption

Kesimpulan:

Te risk factors associated with stunting and wasting difer in children 0–5 months and 6–59 months of age, suggesting that difering interventions are required to improve child growth at various growth stages.

A notable proportion of malnutrition was attributable to infection related factors (i.e., infammation and diarrhea), suggesting that interventions that limit a child’s exposure to infection-causing pathogens would improve child growth. Te dose-response associations between child growth and household food insecurity and household wealth suggest that household-level social protection interventions would have that ancillary beneft of reducing the prevalence of stunting and wasting

Keterbatasan:

Our analysis did not contain certain potential key risk factors for stunting and wasting. As shown in other studies, there are

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in Somali pre- school age children: results from the 2019 Somalia micronutrient survey

Nama Jurnal : BMC Public Health Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. 22 No. 264 Halaman : 1 – 11

many variables that infuence child growth and development.

For example, child birthweight or estimated size at birth could have been collected as indicators of growth restriction in utero.

However, few children included in the 2019 SMS were weighed at birth. Further, maternal age, education, and profession have been associated with child stunting throughout subSaharan Africa region], but maternal risk factors of stunting and wasting could not be included in our analyses because non-pregnant women were only selected from a subsample of enrolled households. As a result, maternal information was not available for one-half of enrolled children. Our study also did not collect stool samples from children in order to assess the presence of enteropathogens.

While stool samples are rarely collected as part of national surveys, enteropathogens have been linked with child growth in other studies, and accounting for

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these variables would have enhanced our analyses. Dietary intake was also not included, which prevented the analysis of the associations between growth and protein intake, an association that has been observed in other studies.

Another limitation of our analyses is that no blood samples were taken from children 0–5 months of age, and thus, no associations between stunting and wasting and biomarker indicators, such as anemia, iron defciency, and infammation, could be assessed in this group. In addition, the sample size of children 0–5 months of age was quite small, which likely afected our ability to identify signifcant risk factors for stunting and wasting in this age group. Although anemia was not a signifcant risk factor of stunting or wasting, the use of capillary blood samples to

measure hemoglobin

concentration can be seen as a limitation to our study. When

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comparing the hemoglobin concentrations in capillary and venous blood samples in the same individuals from seven countries, Rappaport et al. found consistently lower hemoglobin concentrations in the capillary samples. Te authors posited that this may be due to increased levels of interstitial fuid and conversely less hemoglobin in capillary samples incurred through improper blood collection techniques, such as excessive squeezing of a child’s fnger during blood collection.

While the phlebotomists were instructed to not to squeeze or

“milk” a child’s fnger, the collection of venous blood samples would have plausibly

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8 Nama Penulis : Intan Tiara Indra Sanjaya, Mayang Sari Ayu

Judul:

Faktor-Faktor Risiko yang Mempengaruhi Kejadian Stunting Di Puskesmas Amplas Kelurahan Harjosari 1 Kecamatan Amplas Kota Medan Tahun 2020

Nama Jurnal : Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan- Fakultas Kedokteran Universitas Islam Sumatera Utara Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. 21 No. 2 Halaman : 152 – 160

Tujuan Umum:

mengetahui faktor penyebab Stunting di Puskesmas Amplas Kota Medan tahun 2020

Analitik cross-sectional Jumlah Sampel:

239 sampel

purposive sampling Alat Ukur:

pencatatan antropometri dan wawancara menggunakan kuesioner

Uji Statistik:

Uji chi-square

Hasil yang didapat dari 239 responden didapatkan ibu umur

>35 tahun sebanyak 131 orang (54,8%), usia 20-35 tahun lebih sedikit yakni 108 (45,2%).

Riwayat pendidikan ibu mayoritas pendidikan tinggi yaitu 130 orang (54,4%), riwayat pendidikan rendah sebanyak 109 orang (45,6%).

Tinggi badan ibu yang mendominasi yaitu >145 cm sebanyak 178 orang (74,5%).

sedangkan tinggi ibu <145 cm hanya sebanyak 61 orang (25,55%). Riwayat kehamilan ibu yang tidak mengalami anemia yaitu 189 orang (79,1%), sedangkan anemia sebanyak 50 (20,9%).Ibu yang memberikan ASI ekslusif sebanyak 207 (86,6%), sedangkan, 6 bulan sebanyak 32 (13,4%). Mayoritas ibu yang memliki pengetahuan yang baik 168 (70,3%), pengetahuan kurang sebanyak71 (42,3%). Ibu yang bekerja sebanyak 138 orang (57,7%), ibu yang tidak bekerja

Kesimpulan:

Dari hasil penelitian stunting dapat terjadi disebabkan oleh

faktor-faktor yang

mempengaruhi seperti usia ibu, riwayat pendidikan, tinggi badan yang berkaitan dengan genetik yang akan diturunkan, riwayat kehamilan, ASI eskslusif, pengetahuan, pekerjaan, diikuti status ekonomi yang berkaitan dengan memenuhi kebutuhan, pola asuh asupan gizi riwayat tidak BBLR, pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan, sumber air bersih, sanitasi lingkungan bersih, mendapatkan pelayanan kesehatan dan riwayat terinfeksi COVID-19.

Namun dari berbagai faktor diatas yang paling signifikan ialah pemberian ASI ekslusif dan status ekonomi

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sebanyak 101 (42,3%).Status ekonomi >2,5 juta sebanyak 197 orang (82,4%), adapun pendapatan <2,5 juta sebanyak 42 (17,6%). Jumlah keluarga satu rumah <4 orang sebanyak 164 orang (68,6%), dan >4 orang sebanyak 75 (31,4%). Ibu lebih banyak memberikan pola asuh secara baik sebanyak 205 orang (85,5%), kurang baik sebanyak 34 (19,2%). Asupan gizi yang baik sebanyak 193 orang (80,8%), kurang baik sebanyak 46 (19,2%). Riwayat kehamilan dengan tidak BBLR sebanyak 211 (83,3%)

9 Nama Penulis : Noordiati, Nurul Hikmah, Seri Wahyuni,

Wahidah Sukriani, Greiny Arisan Tahun Terbit : 2022

Judul:

Analisis Faktor Risiko Stunting pada Anak Usia 12-59 Bulan

Tujuan Umum:

untuk menganalisis faktor risiko kejadian stunting pada anak usia 12-59 bulan.

60 orang

consecutive sampling Alat Ukur:

Kuesioner dan catatan kelengkapan imunisasi Uji Statistik:

Uji chi-square

terdapat 30% proporsi anak

dengan kejadian

stunting.Mayoritas ibu memiliki pendidikan tinggi (58,3%) dengan penghasilan diatas UMR (73,3%), dan sebagian besar ibu tidak bekerja (68,3%).

Lebih dari separo anak-anak berjenis kelamin laki-laki (58,3%), sebagian besar tidak mendapatkan ASI eksklusif (60%), sebagian kecil anak

Kesimpulan:

Dari beberapa faktor risiko yang dianalisisdalam penelitian ini, ditemukan bahwa faktor pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ibu, pemberian ASI ekslusif dan riwayat penyakit infeksi yang dimiliki anak berhubungan signifikan dengan kejadian stunting pada anak usia 12-59 bulan.

Penghasilan keluarga, jenis kelamin anak, dan kelengkapan

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Nama Jurnal : Jurnal Ilmu Kesehatan Masyarakat Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. 11 No. 6 Halaman : 496 – 501

memiliki riwayat penyakit infeksi (18,3%) dan hampir seluruh anak sudah mendapatkan imunisasi lengkap (88,3%).

imunisasi tidak memiliki hubungan yang bermakna dengan kejadian stunting.

Keterbatasan:

Kejadian stunting diakibatkan oleh multifaktor sehingga dibutuhkan studi yang mendalam dan retrospektif serta melibatkan variabel lain untuk mengatasi keterbatasan hasil penelitian ini

10 Nama Penulis : Linda Ika Puspita Ariati

Judul:

Faktor-Faktor Resiko Penyebab Terjadinya Stunting Pada Balita Usia 23-59 Bulan

Nama Jurnal : Oksitoksin: Jurnal Ilmiah Kebidanan Edisi Jurnal:

Vol. VI No. I Halaman : 496 – 501

Tujuan Umum:

Untuk mengetahui dan menganalisis hubungan faktor-faktor resiko penyebab terjadinya stunting pada balita usia 23-59 bulan di desa Panduman

111 balita

Simple random sampling Alat Ukur:

pengukuran TB, wawancara Kuesioner, dan Foodrecall Uji Statistik:

Uji chi-square

Berdasarkan tabel data yang terdapat dalam penelirian dapat diketahui bahwa faktor-faktor penyebab stunting yang memiliki hubungan bermakna dengan kejadian stunting didesa panduman adalah usia ibu saathamil, status gizi ibu saat hamil, riwayat ASI eksklusif, asupan protein,Status penyakit infeksi, status imunisasi, pendidikan ibu, pekerjaan ayah dan status ekonomi

Kesimpulan:

Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan faktor- faktor penyebab yang berhubungan dengan kejadian stunting di Desa Panduman adalah usia ibu saat hamil, status gizi ibu saat hamil, Riwayat ASI Eksklusif, Asupan protein, Status penyakit infeksi, Status imunisasi, Pendidikan ibu, Pekerjaan ayah dan Status ekonomi.

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