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Filsafat Ilmu
Prodi S2 PPKn UNS Smt 1 _20/21 Pert 3 : Selasa, 30/03/2021
Dr. Winarno, M SI Dr. Muchtarom M SI
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Filsafat Ilmu
Philosophy of science is a branch of philosophy concerned with the foundations, methods, and implications of
science. The central questions of this study concern what qualifies as science, the reliability of scientific theories, and the ultimate purpose of science.
Philosophy of science is the study of the assumptions, foundations, and implications of natural science (which is usually taken to mean biology, chemistry, physics, earth science and astronomy, as opposed to social science
which deals with human behaviour and society).
It asks questions like: "What is science?", "What are the aims of science" and "How ought we interpret the results of science?".
This discipline overlaps with metaphysics, ontology, and epistemology, for example, when it explores the
relationship between science & truth.
There is no consensus among philosophers about many of the central problems concerned with the philosophy of
science, including whether science can reveal the truth about unobservable things and
whether scientific reasoning can be justified at all.
Stathis Philos & Martin Curd,
The Routledge Companion to Philosophy of Science, 2008: ixx
Philosophy of science deals with philosophical and foundational problems that arise within science.
Problems of the philosophy of science:
1. What is the aim of science and what is its method?
2. What is scientific theory and how do scientific theories relate to the world?
3. What is the structure and content of concepts such as causation, explanation, confirmation, theory,
experiment, model, reduction, and probability?
4. What rules, if any, govern theory-change in science?
5. What is the function of experiment ?
6. What role do values play in scientific decisions and how are they related to social, cultural, and gender factors?
06/05/2024
06/05/2024
PHILOSOPHY OF SCIENCE
Nature Of Science:
1. Nature of Scientific development
2. Aims of Science 3. Nature of scientific
theories 4. Science &
Pseudoscience, Science &
Metaphysics; The problem of
demarcation
Methodology:
1. Induction and its presuppositions;
Uniformity of nature 2. Hypothetico-deductive
method
3. Confirmation and
Corroboration probability 4. Falsification
5. Observation & experiment 6. Observation and theory of
question of priority
7. Problems of measurement
Main types of Philosophy of science:
Philosophy of Biology; Philosophy of Psychology; Philosophy of
Physics
Honderich, 1995, The Oxford
Companion to Philosophy: 1944
Philosophy of Civics ?
Sifat Dasar Ilmu Metodologi Ontologi Ilmu
Persoalan Filsafat Ilmu
6
Apa yg menjadi ciri ilmu?
Apa cara yg ditempuh utk memperoleh
kebenaran?
Apa realitas yg menjadi objek
ilmu?
Philosophy of Civics ?
Philosophy of Civics
? ?
Ethics:
Human conduct;
Human behavior
Philosophy of Civic Education ?
Philosophy of CE
? ? ?
