This research aimed to find out the improvement of students' speaking skills by applying the Learning Cycle Method in the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Pitumpanua that focused on accuracy which consisted of pronunciation and vocabulary and fluency which consisted of pauses and hesitation. It can be concluded that the application of the Learning Cycle Method is effective in improving the students'. APPENDIX B The students' scores in the pre-test and post-test APPENDIX C The students' total scores in the pre-test APPENDIX D The students' total scores in the post-test.
APPENDIX F Classification of the student's pre-tests and post-tests in the final assessment of speaking skills.
INTRODUCTION
- Problem Statements
- Objectives of the Research
- Significance of the Research
- Scope of the Research
Whether the use of the learning cycle method improves students' speaking accuracy in the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Pitumpanua. Whether the use of the learning cycle method improves students' speaking fluency in the eleventh grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Pitumpanua. This research focused on improving students' speaking skills by using the learning cycle method in teaching speaking.
Improving the students' speaking skills focusing on the students' accuracy (pronunciation, vocabulary) and fluency (pauses, hesitation) in the second grade students of SMA Negeri 1 Pitumpanua, Wajo Regency.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Kinds of Learning Cycle Method
The null hypothesis (H0), there was no significant difference between students' speaking ability after applying the Learning Cycle Method. The alternative hypothesis (H1), there was any significant difference between students' speaking ability after applying the Learning Cycle Method. The students' score in the post-test is greater than the students' score in the pre-test.
It can be concluded that the application of Learning Cycle Method in teaching speaking is effective to improve students' accuracy in speaking skills. It can be concluded that the application of the Learning Cycle Method in teaching speaking is effective to improve students' speaking fluency. It means that there is a significant difference between the pretest and posttest score of students in speaking ability through the application of Learning Cycle Method.
The performance of the students in the speaking exercise is improved by using the Learning Cycle method. The student's post-test score is higher than the student's pre-test average score. It is indicated that the use of the Learning Cycle Method contributes to improving the speaking skills of students.
The use of the learning cycle method in teaching speaking skill is effective in improving the student's speaking fluency in the eleventh grade students of SMAN 1 Pitumpanua. In other words, using the learning cycle method in teaching speaking skills is effective for improving students' speaking skills. Using the learning cycle method is one of the methods that can be considered in teaching English to help students' speaking skills.
Improving students' speaking skills through the use of cll (community language learning) (A Classroom Action Research At The First Grade in SMK Negeri 1 Bantaeng).
Application of Learning Cycle Method in teaching
Concept of speaking
- Definition of Speaking
- The Kinds of Speaking
Speaking skills are an important part of the curriculum in language teaching and are therefore an important object of assessment. Chastain argues that learning to speak is obviously more difficult than learning to understand the spoken language because it involves a sequence of activities that requires both the teacher and the students. A teacher should pay more attention and undertake different activities in teaching speaking skills to increase the ability of the student to use the language as it is one of the ways to increase students' English speaking skills.
In terms of user activity, speaking and writing are called productive skills while listening and reading are receptive skills. It is the most essential way for the speaker to express himself through the language. The act of speaking involves not only the production of sound, but also the use of gestures, the movement of the facial muscles and even the entire body.
It is the most essential way in which the speaker can express himself through language. As we know that language as a tool for daily communication is one of the productive skills in English, which means oral communication in which the speaker expresses ideas, information or feelings to others. According to Gadner, vocabulary has some meaning, namely, vocabulary is to overwhelm the reader of a book in a foreign language with the English equivalent of the words used in it, assuming that everyone is unclear, and also has the meaning of the entire vocabulary is used by any set of people or by an individual.
Hesitation phenomena such as fillers are most likely to occur at the beginning of an utterance or phrase, presumably because of the greater demand for planning processes at this time (Barr 2001; Beattie 1979; . Maclay & Osgood 1959). One of the advantages of spoken language is that the process of thinking while speaking allows you to manifest a certain number of performance hesitations, pauses, backtracking and corrections.
Research Design
- The Pre-Test
- The Treatment
- The Post-test
This chapter dealt with research design, variables and indicators, hypothesis, population and sample, research instruments, data collection procedure and data analysis technique. First, the teacher introduced the rules or systems of the Learning Cycle Method in teaching speaking to the students. After discussing the topics, the representative of each group should present to the class.
After the treatment, the researcher conducted a post-test to determine how effective the Learning Cycle Method was in improving the students' speaking skills through the same procedure in the pre-test.
Variables and Indicators
- Variables
- Indicators
Hypothesis
Population and Sample
- Population
- Sample
Research Instrument
The mean score of students' breaks in the pre-test is different between the mean score. After calculating the accuracy and fluency of the students' speech, the researcher presents the final result of improving the students' speaking skills by applying the Learning Cycle Method to the eleventh grade students of SMAN 1 Pitumpanua. And the average fluency score of the students in the pretest (3.09) which is classified as very poor category.
It means that the speaking skills of the students also improve from a very bad category to a fair category. And after calculating the score, the researcher finds that the improvement in the speaking skills of the students is 81.54%, compared to the average score of 3.19 in the pre-test and 5.76 in the post-test. The data from the pre-test of the students shows that the students make some mistakes in the areas of pronunciation and vocabulary.
After the examination, the students' score in the post-test is higher than before the test. It is supported by the fact that the students' average fluency score after the test is higher than before the test. Therefore, using the learning cycle method is effective for improving students' speaking skills in fluency and can help language learners to strengthen themselves.
The researcher therefore comes to the conclusion that there is significant improvement in improving the students' speaking skills through the application of the Learning Cycle Method to the eleventh grade students of SMAN 1 Pitumpanua. The application of Learning Cycle Method in the teaching of speaking skills is effective in improving the students' speaking accuracy in terms of pronunciation and vocabulary among the eleventh grade students of SMAN 1 Pitumpanua.
Procedure of Data Collection
FINDING AND DISCUSSION
The improvement of the students’ accuracy
The mean score of students' pronunciation in the pre-test is different between the mean score of the students' score in the post-test. Meanwhile, students' average post-test score in vocabulary is also greater than students' average pre-test score.
The improvement of the students’ fluency
Meanwhile, the students' average post-test score on hesitation is also greater than the students' average score on the pre-test.
The Improvements of the students’ Speaking
It is indicated by the average score of students' accuracy in the pretest (3.30), which is classified as a very weak category. Comparison of each variable from table 4.3 shows that improvement in fluency is better than improvement in accuracy (88.67>72.42). Based on the above result, it can be concluded that the applied Learning Cycle Method can improve students' speaking skills.
The Significance of the Students’ Speaking
This phase of the learning cycle can make up 70% (or more) of an overall learning experience. During the use of the Learning Cycle Method in the treatment, students can improve their accuracy in speaking, covering pronunciation and vocabulary. Based on the results, the data is collected through the test, which explained in the previous finding section shows that the students' speaking ability in terms of fluency is significantly improved.
Based on the findings, in using the learning cycle method in the classroom, the data collected through the test as explained in the previous section of the findings shows that the speaking ability of the students has improved significantly. It has been proven that the average score of students' fluency in the post-test is greater than their average score in the pre-test (5.83>3.09) and the improvement of students' fluency in speaking ability is (88.73%). Teachers should be more motivated to practice using the Learning Cycle Method.
Students are expected to improve their intensity in speaking skill through Learning Cycle Method. An evaluation of a learning cycle intervention strategy for improving the use of formal operational thinking by beginning college physics students. Using the Learning Cycle as a Model for Teaching the Learning Cycle to Preschool Elementary Teachers, Western Illinois University.
A theory of teaching: Using the learning cycle to teach science concepts and thinking skills., NARST Monograph, Number One.
