The aim of this study was to know the influence of seating arrangement on student participation in English learning, focusing on the cluster model and the pairs model of seating arrangement in tenth grade students of SMK Negeri 2 Barru. This study described student participation in English learning using the cluster model and the pairs model. It means that each seating arrangement had a different impact on students' active participation in learning English in the classroom.
Erwin Akib, M.Sc. Pd., Ph.D., Dean of the Faculty of Teacher Training and Education, Muhammadiyah University, Makassar. Ummi Khaerati Syam, S. Pd., M. Pd., Head of Department of English Education, FKIP Muhammadiyah University, Makassar. High respect and great thanks goes to First Counselor Ummi Khaerati Syam, S.P., M.Pd.
Eriska, S.Pd., and all the students of SMK Negeri 2 Barru who spared time and activities to be the subject of this research.
INTRODUCTION
- Research Problem
- Research Objective
- Significance of the Research
- Scope of the Research
Therefore, the researcher would like to take the title "Effect of Seating Arrangement on Students' Participation in Learning English at SMK Negeri 2 Barru". Based on the researcher's observations in Magang 1 and Magang 2, the seating arrangement used in the school is the same. Based on the above background, the research question is "what is the effect of seating arrangement on students' participation in learning English?".
Based on the question formulated above, the purpose of this research is to know the impact of seating arrangements on student participation. This research is expected to help students in the process of learning through seating arrangement and to know well the types of seating arrangement in English learning.
REVIEW OF RELATED LITERATURE
Some Pertinent Ideas
- Classroom Management
- The Main Area of Classroom Management
- Seating Arrangement
- Types of Seating Arrangement
- Participation
The advantages of this model are that the students are not distracted by each other since the teacher is in the middle of the class, and it is good for the students because they can still help each other because they are sitting close enough and yet it is not all distracting. class in a lesson. Which is in the horseshoe, the teacher's position is at the open end of the arrangement where the blackboard is located, and this may not be true since the teacher stays in the middle of the classroom, although there is a greater chance to get close to the students. In this arrangement, the teacher acts as a facilitator who moves around and monitors the students' activity, and the atmosphere in the class is less hierarchical compared to the others.
According to Ramsden in Zerin The best arrangement depends on the situation of the class and teacher”. The advantages of clusters are scattered in different places of the classroom and there is enough space between two clusters so that the chairs do not crowd each other, teachers can easily move from one place to another and can work with each group. In this arrangement, desks are placed in several rows facing the front of the classroom.
The weakness of this arrangement is that some students sit in the back or corner of the classroom to avoid participation and interaction in class, and it is also problematic for group work. In the table row, use long tables placed vertically in rows from the front to the back of the room. This arrangement is good for group work because the purpose of this arrangement is collaborative learning.
Some problems with this arrangement are that students sitting at the end of the table may not be able to see the teacher during direct instruction. It is also difficult for the teacher to see all the students and follow their activities. This arrangement is bad for taking tests. In this arrangement, both the teacher and the students can see each other and the students can also see the instructions clearly, as the chairs face the front of the room. In addition, the disadvantages of the model are that it is difficult for the teacher to communicate with the students one by one, because the chairs are placed very close to each other. A semicircle is not beneficial in situations where the teacher wants other types. of activities (i.e. role play) outside the desk, as this takes up almost the entire class.
The disadvantage of this arrangement is that some students sit at the end or in the corners of the room to avoid participating in the class. Keit also defines in Suryosubroto in Nurfajriana that participation is the involvement of the mental and emotional of a person in achieving the goals and taking the responsibility therein.
Conceptual Framework
Research Design
To know the result, the researcher made the table of students' participation taken from data analysis. The data consisted of the summary of students' participation in learning English used cluster model and pair model of seating arrangement. This means that each seating arrangement in learning process had different influence on students' participation in oral activity.
After classroom observation, the researcher analyzed the data and then concluded the result of students' participation in learning English used pair model of seating arrangement. Based on the table above, the researcher found that the percentage of student participation in pair model of seating arrangement was 77.5%. In this part, the discussion deals with the interpretation of results derived from the result of findings about the influence of the seating arrangement on students' participation in learning English.
Based on the findings of the above observation, it was concluded that the difference in seating arrangements, especially the cluster model and the pair model, showed that there was a difference in students' participation in oral activities in the learning process. Meanwhile, the pairing model made the students more excited because the material caused by the students' involvement was linked together. It means that each arrangement in the learning process had a different impact on student participation, especially in oral activities.
It could improve the students' knowledge of the subject matter and also the students' participation in learning English. OBSERVATION SHEET OF STUDENT PARTICIPATION IN CLASSROOM LEARNING PROCESS Name of school: SMKN 2 Barru. Outcome of students' participation of X TSM and X TKR in learning English using a seating arrangement cluster model.
Research Variable
Participants
Research Instrument
Data Collection Technique
The researcher observed the students as they used the observation checklist and recorded video in the learning process in the classroom to make the data clear and easier to research. The researcher concluded the research finding based on the data obtained through the observation checklist and recorded video.
Technique of Data Analysis
1 Very active 4 Students responded to the material very actively 2 Active 3 Students responded to the material actively. Read/Memo, in this step the researcher read and wrote memos for all active students in the class when he observed the learning process as initial data. Described, this step the researcher described and developed the collected data with the help of recorded video.
To obtain the data from the recorded video, the researcher matched the observation sheet that was checked in the learning process. Classified, in this step, the researcher defined and categorized the data into topics to obtain the research result.
FINDINGS AND DISCUSSION
Students’ Participation in Clusters Model
Notes: NA= Not active, FA= Fairly active, A= Active, VA= Very active, FQ= Sum of all student scores, N= Number of Students. There were 2 inactive students, students just sat during the activity without doing anything or slept in the chair, 15 active enough students that students answered the material only once or twice, there were 15 active students who answered the material. actively or three to five times, and only 4 very active students responded to the material more than five times in the learning process.
Students’ Participation in Pairs Model
Discussion
It was the same with Harmer in Roxaanna, et al. that the different types of seating arrangements promoted the flow of oral interactions. In addition to that, et al in Black in Kate said that poor seating arrangements can affect 50% of student learning. Therefore, the seating arrangement was important for the teacher to master, so that the teachers can teach effectively and the students' participation can be increased.
The English teacher was expected to prepare well the class management such as teaching material, teaching method and seating arrangement to suit the material that the students will be given. So that students do not have the opportunity to just sit or sleep on a chair during the learning process in the classroom. For students, more attention from teachers was expected when the learning process was going on, especially oral activities such as answering the teacher when the teacher asked questions, asking the teacher and other students about the material.
For other researchers, in order to improve the teaching and learning process in the vocational high school, the researcher hoped that there would be research that would have a lot of knowledge about classroom management, especially learning strategy and seating arrangement that fit the day. The relationship between group seating arrangement in the classroom and students' participation in speaking activities in EFL classes in a secondary school in Chile, (online), (http://www.academia.edu, accessed 7 May 2017). An analysis of the teachers' classroom management in English teaching in the first grade in SMAN 2 Takalar.
Enhancing Student Participation in Active Learning Methods: Group Discussions, Presentations and Demonstrations: A Case Study of Madda Walabu University Second Year Tourism Management Students in 2014. Effectiveness of Classroom Seating on Student Learning and Teacher Teaching, (Online), (http: //www .academia.edu, accessed 5 May 2017). The result of the participation of X NKPI and X TP students in learning English according to the paired seating order model.
CONCLUSION AND SUGGESTION
Suggestion
