٢٩
ﻦﻣﺰﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ دﺎﻌﺑا :
يروﺮﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﮏﯾ
ﺮﺘﮐد نﺎﯿﻤﯿﻘﻣ ﻢﯾﺮﻣ
،ﯽﻤﻠﻋ تﺎﯿﻫ ﻮﻀﻋ ناﺮﯾا ،دﺎﺑآ ﻒﺠﻧ ،ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازا هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،دﺎﺑآ ﻒﺠﻧ ﺪﺣاو ،ﯽﯾﺎﻣﺎﻣ و يرﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺰﮐﺮﻣ
ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
،ﺖﯾﻮﻨﻌﻣ د ،دﻮﺧ ﺎﺑ ﮓﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ طﺎﺒﺗرا ﺮﮕﻧﺎﯿﺑ و ﺖﺳا ﺎﻫ نﺎﺴﻧا ﻪﻤﻫ ﯽﺗاذ زﺎﯿﻧ ﮏﯾ و اﺪﺧ و ﺖﻌﯿﺒﻃ ،ناﺮﮕﯾ
ﯽﯾﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ياﺮﺑ
ﻦﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ و فﺪﻫ رد ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺖﺳا ) 1 ( .
،ﺖﯾﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺴﻣ و ﺖﻬﺟ و هدﺮﮐ ﻢﺠﺴﻨﻣ ار ﯽﮔﺪﻧز دﺎﻌﺑا ﻪﻤﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﺗرﺪﻗ ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ار ﺮﯿ
ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ) 2 ( . ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ دﺮﻓ ﺮﻫ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز رد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ناﺮﺤﺑ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺪﯾﺪﻬﺗ يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ زوﺮﺑ .
Seaward ) 2000 ( ﺖﺳا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ناﺮﺤﺑ ﮏﯾ ﻊﻗاو رد ،ناﺮﺤﺑ ﺮﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ )
3 (.
يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ يﺎﻫ ار يدﺮﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﻣ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺖﯿﻌﺿو هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺪﯾﺪﻬﺗ و هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ناﻮﺗﺎﻧ داﺪﯾور ﮏﯾ ﻊﻗاو رد ﻦﻣﺰﻣ
دﺮﻓ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ صﻮﺼﺨﺑ و ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ،ﯽﻧاور دﺎﻌﺑا ﺮﺑ ،ﯽﻤﺴﺟ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ و دروآ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺟﻮﺑ راﺬﮔ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ يا ﻪﻈﺣﻼﻣ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ رﻮﻄﺑ
ﺖﺳا ) 3 ( . ﻦﻣﺰﻣ يﺎﻫ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﮑﯾ
زا ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ رد يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ
ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ و رد لﺎﺣ ﻪﻌﺳﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 4 ( و ﻖﺒﻃ شراﺰﮔ
نﺎﻣزﺎﺳ ﯽﻧﺎﻬﺟ ﺖﺷاﺪﻬﺑ 43
% گﺮﻣ و ﺮﯿﻣ ﺎﻫ رد نﺎﻬﺟ ﯽﺷﺎﻧ زا ﻦﻣﺰﻣ يﺎﻬﯾرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺖﺳا
) 5 ( . ،يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ زا رﺬﮔ رد ﻦﻣﺰﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ار زﺎﻓ ﻪﺳ :
ﻪﯾﻮﻧﺎﺛ زﺎﻓ ، ﻦﯿﺗور ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نﺎﻣرد ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺒﺴﻧ يراﺪﯾﺎﭘ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد ﺖﻬﺟ ﯽﻧاﺮﺤﺑ زﺎﻓ
ﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد ﺖﻬﺟ ﺎﺑ ،ﯽﯾﺎﻬﺘﻧا ﺎﯾ ﻪﯿﺜﻟﺎﺛ زﺎﻓ ،ﯽﻨﯿﮑﺴﺗ و ﯽﺘﯾﺎﻤﺣ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد و نﺪﺷ يﺮﺘﺴﺑ ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ ﺎﺑ يدﺮﻓ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ نا
ﺖﺴﯿﻧ ﯽﻨﯿﺑ ﺶﯿﭘ ﻞﺑﺎﻗ نﺎﻣز ﻦﯾا و ﺪﺸﮑﺑ لﻮﻃ ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺎﯾ زور ﺪﻨﭼ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑاو و ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ )
6 ( . رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ،نﺎﻣز ﻦﯾا رد
دﺮﯿﮔ ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز رد هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﺪﯾﺪﻬﺗ و سﺮﺘﺳاﺮﭘ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ،ﯽﻌﻗاو ناﺮﺤﺑ ﮏﯾ ضﺮﻌﻣ رد )
7 ( و ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ،ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻦﯾا ﻪﮐ
ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ برﺎﺠﺗ ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ رد گﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ )
8 ( .
ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﺎﺑ ،داﺮﻓا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ برﺎﺠﺗ )
9 , 10 (،
ﻖﺑاﻮﺳ ﯽﺼﺨﺷ ) 11 (،
و ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ) 12 ( ﻪﺘﺨﯿﻣآرد ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺖﺳا
.
ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ ،ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ نﺎﺸﻧ ار يا هﺮﻈﺘﻨﻣ ﺮﯿﻏ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ،گﺮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﻪﺟاﻮﻣ و ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ﻪﺑﺮﺠﺗ لﺎﺒﻧﺪﺑ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺖﺳا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ )
13 ( يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ سﺎﺴﺣا ناﻮﺘﺑ ﺎﺗ )
14 ( رد صﻮﺼﺨﺑ ﯽﮔدﻮﺳآ و ﻢﻫاﺮﻓ ﺎﻬﻧآ ياﺮﺑ ار ﯽﮔﺪﻧز نﺎﯾﺎﭘ تﺎﻈﺤﻟ
دﻮﻤﻧ ) 15 ( . هرادا رد ﺖﯿﻗﻼﺧ زوﺮﺑ و ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﻪﺑ ﯽﺸﺨﺑ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺘﯿﻌﻗﻮﻣ و ﺪﻧواﺪﺧ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ار ﺞﻧر و درد ،نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺮﺜﮐا ندﺮﮐ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ دﻮﺧ )
16 ( . نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯾا رد
ﻪﻬﺟاﻮﻣ ﺎﺑ ﺐﯿﺳآ و
،يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﭽﻧآ ار ﻪﮐ رد ﯽﮔﺪﻧز نﺎﺷ ﻢﻬﻣ هدﻮﺑ ﺖﺳا درﻮﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺷزرا
راﺮﻗ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻨﻫد و دﻮﺧ زا ﺐﻠﻏا ﮏﯾژﻮﻟﻮﺋﺪﯾا تﻻاﻮﺳ
ﯽﻣ ﺎﯾآ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺳﺮﭘ اﺪﺧ
دﻮﺟو
؟دراد ﺎﯾآ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﺎﻨﻌﻣ و ﯽﻓﺪﻫ
؟دراد ﺎﯾآ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ
ﻦﻣ ﻪﻣﺪﺻ ﯽﻣ
؟ﺪﻧز ﺎﯾآ ﻦﻣ رد لﺎﺣ گﺮﻣ ﺎﯾآ ؟ﻢﺘﺴﻫ دﺮﻓ
ي درﻮﻣ نﺎﻨﯿﻤﻃا رد ﻦﯾا تﺎﻈﺤﻟ ﺖﺨﺳ دﻮﺟو ؟دراد ) 17 ( . يﺎﻫ ﺦﺳﺎﭘ
تﻻاﻮﺳ ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ
ﻊﺒﻨﻣ يﺪﯿﻔﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نﺎﻣرد ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
،نﺎﺸﯿﺸﮐ و نﻮﯿﻧﺎﺣور يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺑ
،تﺎﻣﺎﻬﺑا ﻦﯾا ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﻮﮕﺨﺳﺎﭘ و ﻢﯿﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﻪﻠﺧاﺪﻣ ﺎﯾ
ﺎﺑ عﺎﺟرا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﯽﻧﺎﻤﯾا ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا رد ﺶﯾﻮﺧ ﺪﯿﻣا
ﻞﯿﻬﺴﺗ و ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﻪﺑ
رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نﺎﻣرد ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺎﻔﯾا ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ نا
) 18 (.
رد ﻊﻗاو يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ﺖﻬﺟ رد نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ ﮏﻤﮐ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ
، ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﮏﯾ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺖﯾﺎﻤﺣ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 19 (.
ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﻬﺟ
ﯽﺘﯾﺎﻤﺣ يﺰﯾر -
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ار نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ ﯽﺘﺒﻗاﺮﻣ رﻮﺤﻣ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﮏﯾ و
ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﯽﺣاﺮﻃ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺮﻫ ياﺮﺑ .
ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ و ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ يﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد ﯽﺗﻻاﻮﺳ ﻪﻠﯿﺳﻮﺑ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ار يﻮﻨﻌﻣ سﺮﺘﺴﯾد
دﺮﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ )
20 ( . تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يدﺎﯾز طﺎﺒﺗرا يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ و نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ﻦﯿﺑ نآ
ار نﺎﺸﻧ هداد ﺪﻧا ) 21 ( و ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ
هدﺮﮐ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا
مﺪﻋ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ نا ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫﺪﻣﺎﯿﭘ ﻒﯿﻌﺿ
نﺎﻣرد ﯽﻣ ددﺮﮔ ) 22 ( و ار نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ
٣٠
هرود ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نﺎﻣرد دﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ تﺪﻣ ﯽﻧﻻﻮﻃ )
23 , 24 ( و ﯽﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟا ،ﯽﺨﯾرﺎﺗ ،ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻪﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﺘﺒﻟا.
دراد ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ صﺎﺧ يﺎﻬﺷزرا )
25 ( و يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺖﺳا ﺮﺴﯿﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻦﯿﺑ يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ
) 26 ( .
ﺎﻤﻠﺴﻣ مدﺮﻣ ،ناﺮﯾا ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺮﻓ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز رد و ﯽﻤﯿﻠﮐ و ﯽﺤﯿﺴﻣ ،ن
...
ﯽﻣ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﻢﻫ رﺎﻨﮐ رد ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
. ﺮﺜﮐا ﻂﺳﻮﺗ مﻼﺳا ﻦﯾد ﺎﻣا
ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﯾﺬﭘ نﺎﯿﻧاﺮﯾا .
ﺖﺳا ﺪﻧواﺪﺧ ﺖﺳاﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ و يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧﺪﻘﺘﻌﻣ ﺎﻬﻧآ )
27 ( . يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﺶﺨﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ مﻼﺳا رد
اﺪﺧ ﺎﺑ دﺮﻓ طﺎﺒﺗرا و نﺎﺴﻧا ﺖﯿﻫﺎﻣ يﺎﻨﻌﻣ كرد ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺳا ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ يﺎﻫروﺎﺑ و تادﺎﻘﺘﻋا ﻪﯾﺎﭘ ﺮﺑ
، ﺮﯾز ﺖﯾﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
دراد راﺮﻗ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﺮﺘﭼ )
28 ( دﺮﯿﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺮﻈﻧ ﺪﻣ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ رد نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ يﺎﻫروﺎﺑ ﺖﺳا مزﻻ سﺎﺳا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ .
ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ شور :
ﯽﺗﺎﻋﻼﻃا يﺎﻫ ﮏﻧﺎﺑ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﯽﮑﯿﻧوﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ يﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا يروآ ﻊﻤﺟ شور ،يروﺮﻣ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯾا رد )
ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا
Pub med , Science direct,….
( لﺎﺳ زا 2001 ﺎﺗ 2016 ﻋﻼﻃا يﺎﻫ ﮏﻧﺎﺑ و ﯽﺳرﺎﻓ ﯽﺗﺎ
) ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا SID,IRANMEDEX (
زا
لﺎﺳ 1389 ﺎﺗ 1397 ﺮﮔﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ رﻮﺗﻮﻣ رد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﯿﭘ و يا ﻪﻧﺎﺨﺑﺎﺘﮐ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﯽﺘﺳد يﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ ﺰﯿﻧ و google
ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ﯽﻣ . ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا
ﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ درﻮﻣ ﻢﯿﻫﺎﻔﻣ ،زا ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ
,Spiritual care Inter professional collaboration
,Holistic care, wellbeing
Spiritual Spiritual needs,
،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ،يا ﻪﻓﺮﺣ ﻦﯿﺑ يرﺎﮑﻤﻫ زا ﯽﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ ﻮﺠﺘﺴﺟ درﻮﻣ ﯽﺳرﺎﻓ ﻢﯿﻫﺎﻔﻣ و
ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺮﮕﻧ ﻞﮐ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ .
ﺚﺤﺑ و ﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ :
ﮔﺮﺑ رد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ دﺎﻌﺑا زا ﯽﮑﯾ لﺎﻤﻋا مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ هﺪﻧﺮﯿ
ﻪﺑ ﻦﺘﻓر ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻪﺻﺎﺧ لﺎﻤﻋا يادا ﺰﯿﻧ و ﯽﻨﯾد نﺎﯾاﻮﺸﯿﭘ ﻪﺑ ﻞﺳﻮﺗ ،ﻪﯿﻋدا و ﯽﻨﯾد بﺎﺘﮐ نﺪﻧاﻮﺧ ،ندﺮﮐ تدﺎﺒﻋ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ و يراداﺰﻋ ،ﺎﺴﯿﻠﮐ ....
ﺖﺳا . رﺬﻧ ، ﺎﻋد ،ترﺎﻬﻃ بادآ ﺖﯾﺎﻋر ،نﺪﯿﺑاﻮﺧ ﻪﻠﺒﻗ ﻪﺑور ،ﻪﻣﺎﻧ ﺖﯿﺻو ﻦﺘﺷﻮﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ بادآ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ
و ...
، ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ درﻮﻣ .
ناﺮﺒﺟ ،گﺮﻣ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ندﺮﮐ رﺎﻔﻐﺘﺳا و ﻪﺑﻮﺗ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ يﺎﻬﺷزرا ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ،نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ياﺮﺑ
و ﺖﯿﻟﻼﺣ ﺐﻠﻃ ،ﻦﯾد يادا ،ﻪﺘﺷﺬﮔ ...
ﺖﺳا ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺎﺑ دراﺪﻧ يدﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﻪﺑ ﺪﯿﻣا ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ سﺎﺴﺣا دﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز رد .
ﯽﻧاﺮﯾا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ار ﯽﺒﻫﺬﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﯽﺘﯾﺮﺜﮐا رﻮﻄﺑ نﺪﻣآ رﺎﻨﮐ رد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ار ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﻦﯿﺒﻗاﺮﻣ و نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺮﺜﮐا و ﺪﻨﻣﺎﻧ ﯽﻣ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ نﺎﻤﻫ
ﺪﻨﻧاد ﯽﻣ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ تﻼﮑﺸﻣ ﺎﺑ )
29 .(
ﻪﮐ ﻪﻧﻮﮕﻧﺎﻤﻫ Westerink
ﺮﮕﯾﺪﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ و ﺖﯾﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﻢﯿﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
و ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺮﻫ زا يرﺎﻋ ددﺮﮔ اﺪﺟ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ و ﺖﯾﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺮﮔا و ﻪﺘﺷاد ﯽﻧﺎﺷﻮﭙﻤﻫ ﺪﺷ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ مﻮﻬﻔﻣ
) 32 ( . Jantos رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
و ﺪﻨﮑﯿﻣ رود ﺖﺳا از سﺮﺘﺳا ﻪﮐ ﯽﻠﻌﻓ نﺎﻣز و نﺎﮑﻣ ،ﺎﻀﻓ زا ﯽﺗﺪﻣ ياﺮﺑ ار رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ،نﺪﻧاﻮﺧ زﺎﻤﻧ ﯽﻫﺎﮔ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ
،ترﻮﺻ ﻦﯾﺪﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ ﺞﻧر و درد هﺪﻨﻫد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ نآ ﯽﯾاروﺎﻣ ترﺪﻗ ﻪﮐ ﺶﺨﺑ ﯽﻟﺎﻌﺗ ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ لﺎﺼﺗا ﺎﺑ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ اﺪﯿﭘ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ يوﺮﯿﻧ و ناﻮﺗ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ )
33 ( .
ﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ يﺎﺘﺳار رد ،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد ﺪﻌﺑ ﺖﺳا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺖﻓﺮﻌ
. ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا ،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ تﺎﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ ،ﺲﻔﻧ ﯽﻟﺎﻌﺗ
ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯾﺎﻨﻌﻣ ،ﻦﺘﺸﯾﻮﺧ /
ﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯾا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﯽﮕﻧادوﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯿﻣ و گﺮﻣ ﺖﺳا ﯽﯾ
ﺪﻧا هدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ .
ﻦﯾا
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺗ ﮓﻧرﺮﭘ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز ﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ
،ﯽﺼﺨﺷ تﻻدﺎﻌﻣ ﺎﺑ ار ﺖﺳا عﻮﻗو لﺎﺣ رد ﻪﭽﻧآ ﯽﯾاﺮﭼ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ دﻮﺷ درﻮﻣ دﻮﺧ يدﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و يدﺎﻘﺘﻋا
ﺪﻫد ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ ﯽﻨﯿﺑزﺎﺑ و ﺶﺠﻨﺳ )
29 ( . ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد Sacco
،ﺪﯾﺪﺷ ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ رد نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺮﯿﺴﻔﺗ و ﺮﯿﺒﻌﺗ ار دﻮﺧ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز يﺎﻨﻌﻣ سﺎﺳا ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ و هدﺮﮐ روﺮﻣ ار ﯽﮔﺪﻧز برﺎﺠﺗ )
34 ( . رد نﺪﯿﺸﯾﺪﻧا و ﯽﻨﯾﺰﮔ تﻮﻠﺧ
ﯽﻧورد يﺎﻫﺰﯾﺮﮔ و ﮓﻨﺟ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ ﻪﺒﻠﻏ ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ دﺎﺠﯾا نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ رد ﯽﺻﺎﺧ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ لاﻮﺣا ،نآ ﺮﯿﺴﻔﺗ و ﺮﯿﺒﻌﺗ و ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﯽﻧﺎﻌﻣ ﺖﺳا ﮏﻤﮐ ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ )
9 ( . ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ار ﻪﺘﻓر ﺖﺳد زا ﺪﯿﻣا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد ﺎﺑ ﺎﺗ )
35 ( . تﻻاﻮﺳ ﺎﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ نﺪﺷ ﺮﯿﮔرد
ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﻨﻌﻣ
"
؟ﺖﺴﯿﭼ هﺪﻨﯾآ
"
ﺖﺳا ﯽﻨﺗ ناور ﻢﺋﻼﻋ زوﺮﺑ نآ ﻪﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ ﻞﯾﺪﺒﺗ يدژاﺮﺗ ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ ار يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ )
16 ( .
٣١
ﻪﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﻦﻣﺰﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺸﻧاور يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ يﺎﺘﺳار رد يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ مﻮﺳ ﺪﻌﺑ شﺮﯾﺬﭘ ياﺮﺑ ﮏﻤﮐ
ﺶﻣارآ ،دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ﺎﺑ شزﺎﺳ و يراوﺪﯿﻣا ﻊﺒﻨﻣ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﯾ و ﯽﻟﺪﻤﻫ و ﺖﻘﻔﺷ ،ﺮﻃﺎﺧ
/ ﺖﯿﻗﻼﺧ و دﺎﻤﺘﻋا ﺖﺳا
. زا ﯽﻤﻈﻋا ﺶﺨﺑ
و دراد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا ﺪﻧﺎﺸﮐ ﯽﻣ سﺎﯾ و يﺪﯿﻣاﺎﻧ يﻮﺳ ﻪﺑ ار دﺮﻓ ﻪﮐ يا هﺪﻨﻫدرازآ رﺎﮑﻓا و ﺎﻫ ﯽﻧاﺮﮕﻧ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﺑ ،نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ تﻼﯾﺎﻤﺗ ﺮﮕﯾد ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا رد يﺮﮑﻓ تﺎﺿرﺎﻌﺗ ﻞﺣ وﺮﮔ رد ار هﺪﻣآ ﺶﯿﭘ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ﺎﺑ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﺖﯿﻌﻗﻮﻣ ،ﺪﯿﻣا ، هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻪﻗﻼﻋ زاﺮﺑا ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ نا
نﺎﺘﺳود ﺎﺑ طﺎﺒﺗرا و ﺮﺴﻤﻫ ﺖﻘﻔﺷ ،ناﺪﻧزﺮﻓ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ و ﺖﺒﺤﻣ ،ﻦﯾﺮﻓآ يدﺎﺷ يﺎﻫ /
ﺪﻨﻧاد ﯽﻣ نﺎﯾﺎﻨﺷآ )
29 .(
رد نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و Dev
ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ نﺎﺷرﺎﻨﮐ رد نﺎﺘﺳود و هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧراد ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز نﺎﯾﺎﭘ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ رد نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد رﺎﻬﻇا دﻮﺧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ رد ار ﺎﻬﻧآ و
ﺪﻧراﺬﮕﻧ ﺎﻬﻨﺗ ﺖﺨﺳ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا زا رﺬﮔ )
36 ( . ﻦﯾا زا ﺎﺗ ﺪﻧراد رﺎﺘﺳﺮﭘ و ﮏﺷﺰﭘ ﺎﺑ ندﺮﮐ ﺖﺒﺤﺻ و طﺎﺒﺗرا يراﺮﻗﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ ﻞﯾﺎﻤﺗ ﺎﻬﻧآ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزﺎﺑ ﺪﻧا هداد ﺖﺳد زا ﺎﻫ ﯽﻧاﺮﮕﻧ لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ ﻪﮐ ار دﻮﺧ ﺪﯿﻣا ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺘﺑ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ )
37 ( نﺎﺘﺳود و هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ و
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮏﻤﮐ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ ندﻮﺑ ﺲﺣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺑﺎﯿﺘﺳد رد ﯽﻧﺎﺑﺮﻬﻣ و ﯽﻟﺪﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ ﺪﻨﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ،رﺎﻤﯿﺑ )
38 ( .
ﺪﻫﺪﯿﻣ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﯽﺘﯾﺎﻤﺣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ار ﻦﻣﺰﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﺪﻌﺑ .
نﻮﭽﻤﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﺳاﻮﺧ ،ﯽﻧﺎﺒﯿﺘﺸﭘ
ﺖﺳا نارﺎﯿﻤﺑ ﯽﺘﺧﺎﻨﺸﻧاور يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ هﺮﻣز رد نداد ﯽﻫﺎﮔآو ندﺮﻤﺷ مﺮﺘﺤﻣ ،ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ راﺮﻤﺘﺳا و ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ،ﮏﻤﮐ و يﺮﯿﮕﯿﭘ .
ﺎﺑ ،نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ
ﺪﻬﻋ نﺪﺷ ﻞﺘﺨﻣ و دﻮﺧ ناﻮﺗ و ﺶﻘﻧ رد ﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﮏﻤﮐ ﺪﻨﻣزﺎﯿﻧ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ،يدﺮﻓ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﯽﯾاﺮﺑ ه
) 29 .(
طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﺎﻫ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ ﮏﯾ
هداﻮﻧﺎﺧ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ يﺎﻀﻋا و دﺮﯿﮔ ترﻮﺻ لﺰﻨﻣ رد ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻢﻬﺳ ﺪﻨﻫد ﯽﻣ ﺢﯿﺟﺮﺗ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻤﺴﺟ رﻮﻣا ﻪﺑ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ﮏﻤﮐ هار ﻦﯾا رد ار )
39 (.
ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺖﺳﺎﺳﺮﻓ ﺖﻗﺎﻃ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ دراﺪﻧ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﯽﯾﺎﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﮐ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪﮐ ﺎﺠﻧآ زا ﺎﻣا
ﺪﻨﻫد نﺎﺸﻧ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺎﺷﺎﻧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ ًﺎﻀﻌﺑ و هﺪﺷ ﯽﮔﺪﻧﺎﻣرد و ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺧ رﺎﭼد ،ﻦﯿﺒﻗاﺮﻣ .
نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ،ﻪﻈﺤﻟ ﮏﯾ ياﺮﺑ ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد وزرآ
ا ار ﺎﻬﻧآ ﯽﺘﺣارﺎﻧ ﻪﺟرد و ﺪﻧراﺬﮕﺑ ﺎﻬﻧآ يﺎﺟ ﻪﺑ ار دﻮﺧ ناﺮﮕﯾد رد و ﺪﻨﻨﮐ كرد ﺪﻧا هدﺮﮐ دﺎﺠﯾا نﺎﯿﻓاﺮﻃا ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﺗﺎﻤﺣز ﺖﺑﺎﺑ ز
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ اراﺪﻣ دﻮﺧ درﻮﺧﺮﺑ .)
40 ( . يﺎﻬﻫار زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ جﻼﻌﻟا ﺐﻌﺻ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﯽﻟﺎﻣ ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
اﺮﺤﺑ و ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ﺎﺑ دﺮﻓ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ن
) 18 ( .
ﯽﻣ يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ ،تﻻﺎﻘﻣ روﺮﻣ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺘﻓﺎﯾ سﺎﺳا ﺮﺑ دﻮﺷ
ﻪﺋارا ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺷﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﺮﻃﺎﺧ ﻪﺑ هراﻮﻤﻫ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ
ﯿﻧ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻨﺘﺒﻣ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ دﺮﮐ ﺪﻫاﻮﺧ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﻣرد و ﯽﺘﺷاﺪﻬﺑ يﺎﻫ ﻪﯿﺻﻮﺗ ﻪﺑ ار ﺎﻬﻧآ يﺪﻨﺒﯾﺎﭘ ،نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎ
. ﻦﯾا
نﺎﻣرد ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ ﺎﺑ قﺎﺒﻄﻧا ﺖﻬﺟ رد ،داﺮﻓا ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﮏﺒﺳ هﺪﻨﻨﮐ حﻼﺻا ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ نارﺎﻤﯿﺑ رد عﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) 41 (.
يﺮﯿﮔ ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ :
ﺪﻨﮐ ﯽﻣ سﺎﺴﺣا ار ﯽﺳﺎﺳا يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ،ﺪﻧارﺬﮔ ﯽﻣ ار ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ،ﻦﻣﺰﻣ ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻼﺘﺒﻣ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز رد .
ﺣ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺮﻫ صﺎﺧ ﯽﺘﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ،سﺎﺳا نآ ﺮﺑ و هدﺮﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﺳﺎﻨﺷ ار ﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ يﺎﻀﻋا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺰﺋﺎ
ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﻢﯿﻈﻨﺗرﺎﻤﯿﺑ .
ﺪﻨﮐ ﮏﻤﮐ رﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻪﺑ گﺮﻣ ﯽﺘﺣ و دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ شزﺎﺳ و شﺮﯾﺬﭘ رد ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﯽﻣ ،يﻮﻨﻌﻣ يﺎﻫزﺎﯿﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ .
هدﻮﺑ ﺎﻨﺷآ ﻢﯿﻫﺎﻔﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ ﺪﯾﺎﺑ ﺖﻣﻼﺳ ﻢﯿﺗ يﺎﻀﻋا ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ و ﯽﺷﻮﺧﺎﻧ زا ﻞﺻﺎﺣ ﺞﻧر و درد ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ،ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣ ﺖﺒﻗاﺮﻣ ﻪﺋارا ﺎﺑ و
ﺪﻨﯾﺎﻤﻧ ﻞﯿﻬﺴﺗ ار .
٣٢
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ :
1. Pehler S-R, Craft-Rosenberg M. Longing: the lived experience of spirituality in adolescents with Duchenne muscular dystrophy. Journal of pediatric nursing. 2009;24(6):481-94.
2. Ellershaw J. Care of the dying: a pathway to excellence: Oxford University Press, USA; 2011.
3. Bingham VL. The recovery experience for persons with a myocardial infarction and their spouses/partners: The University of Alabama at Birmingham; 2007.
4. Verdiani V, Ognibene A, Rutili MS, Lombardo C, Bacci F, Terreni A, et al. NT-ProBNP reduction percentage during hospital stay predicts long-term mortality and readmission in heart failure patients. Journal of Cardiovascular Medicine. 2008;9(7):694-9.
5. Organization WH. The top 10 causes of death: The 10 leading causes of death by country income group (2012). 2015.
6. Jaarsma T, Beattie JM, Ryder M, Rutten FH, McDonagh T, Mohacsi P, et al. Palliative care in heart failure: a position statement from the palliative care workshop of the Heart Failure Association of the European Society of Cardiology. European journal of heart failure. 2009;11(5):433-43.
7. Svedlund M, Danielson E, Norberg A. Women’s narratives during the acute phase of their myocardial infarction. Journal of advanced nursing. 2001;35(2):197-205.
8. Walton J. Spirituality of patients recovering from an acute myocardial infarction a grounded theory study. Journal of Holistic Nursing. 1999;17(1):34-53.
9. Groleau D, Whitley R, Lespérance F, Kirmayer LJ. Spiritual reconfigurations of self after a myocardial infarction: Influence of culture and place. Health & place. 2010;16(5):853-60.
10. Chiu L, Emblen JD, Van Hofwegen L, Sawatzky R, Meyerhoff H. An integrative review of the concept of spirituality in the health sciences. Western journal of nursing research. 2004;26(4):405-28.
11. Canfield C, Taylor D, Nagy K, Strauser C, VanKerkhove K, Wills S, et al. Critical Care Nurses’
Perceived Need for Guidance in Addressing Spirituality in Critically Ill Patients. American Journal of Critical Care. 2016;25(3):206-11.
12. Yuen EJ. Spirituality, religion, and health. American Journal of Medical Quality. 2007;22(2):77-80.
13. Hupcey JE, Penrod J, Fenstermacher K. A model of palliative care for heart failure. American Journal of Hospice and Palliative Medicine. 2009.
14. Bekelman DB, Hutt E, Masoudi FA, Kutner JS, Rumsfeld JS. Defining the role of palliative care in older adults with heart failure. International journal of cardiology. 2008;125(2):183-90.
15. Hupcey JE, Penrod J, Fogg J. Heart failure and palliative care: implications in practice. Journal of palliative medicine. 2009;12(6):531-6.
16. Cobb M, Puchalski CM, Rumbold B. Oxford textbook of spirituality in healthcare: Oxford University Press; 2012.
17. Taylor CR, Lillis C, Lynn PB, LeMone P. Fundamentals of nursing: The art and science of person- centered nursing care2015.
18. Meyerstein I. A Jewish Spiritual Perspective on Psychopathology and Psychotherapy: A Clinician's View. Journal of Religion and Health. 2004;43(4):329-41.
19. Holt-Lunstad J, Steffen PR, Sandberg J, Jensen B. Understanding the connection between spiritual well- being and physical health: an examination of ambulatory blood pressure, inflammation, blood lipids and fasting glucose. Journal of behavioral medicine. 2011;34(6):477-88.
20. Agrimson LB, Taft LB. Spiritual crisis: A concept analysis. Journal of advanced nursing.
2009;65(2):454-61.
21. Neff JA, MacMaster SA. Applying behavior change models to understand spiritual mechanisms underlying change in substance abuse treatment. The American journal of drug and alcohol abuse.
2005;31(4):669-84.
22. Miller WR, Bogenschutz MP. Spirituality and addiction. Southern Medical Journal. 2007;100(4):433-7.
23. O'Reilly ML. Spirituality and mental health clients. Journal of psychosocial nursing and mental health services. 2004;42(7):44-53.
24. Kaye J, Raghavan SK. Spirituality in disability and illness. Journal of Religion and Health.
2002;41(3):231-42.
٣٣
25. Edwards A, Pang N, Shiu V, Chan C. The understanding of spirituality and the potential role of spiritual care in end-of-life and palliative care: a meta-study of qualitative research. Palliative Medicine. 2010.
26. Irajpour A, Ghaljaei F, Alavi M. Concept of collaboration from the Islamic perspective: the view points for health providers. Journal of Religion and Health. 2015;54(5):1800-9.
27. Quran H. Translated by Ayatollah Makarem Shirazi. Tehran Publication center of Quran of Islamic Republic of Iran. 2008.
28. Cobb M, Dowrick C, Lloyd-Williams M. What can we learn about the spiritual needs of palliative care patients from the research literature? Journal of pain and symptom management. 2012;43(6):1105-19.
29. Irajpour A, Moghimian M, Arzani H. Spiritual aspects of care for chronic Muslim patients: A qualitative study. Journal of education and health promotion. 2018;7.
30. Grove SK, Burns N, Gray JR. Understanding nursing research: Building an evidence-based practice:
Elsevier Health Sciences; 2014.
31. Graneheim UH, Lundman B. Qualitative content analysis in nursing research: concepts, procedures and measures to achieve trustworthiness. Nurse education today. 2004;24(2):105-12.
32. Westerink H. Spirituality in psychology of religion: A concept in search of its meaning. Archive for the Psychology of Religion. 2012;34(1):3-15.
33. Jantos M, Kiat H. Prayer as medicine: how much have we learned? Medical Journal of Australia.
2007;186(10):S51.
34. Momennasab M, Moattari M, Abbaszade A, Shamshiri B. Spiritual experience of heart attack patients:
A qualitative study. Journal of Qualitative Research in Health Sciences. 2013;1(4):284-97.
35. Moghimian M, Salmani F. The study of correlation between spiritual well-being and hope in cancer patients referring to seyyedo shohada training-therapy Center of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, 2010, Isfahan, Iran. 2012.
36. Koenig H, King D, Carson VB. Handbook of religion and health: Oup Usa; 2012.
37. Heo S, Moser DK, Riegel B, Hall LA, Christman N. Testing a published model of health-related quality of life in heart failure. Journal of cardiac failure. 2005;11(5):372-9.
38. Paukert AL, Phillips L, Cully JA, Loboprabhu SM, Lomax JW, Stanley MA. Integration of religion into cognitive-behavioral therapy for geriatric anxiety and depression. Journal of Psychiatric Practice®.
2009;15(2):103-12.
39. Koszycki D, Raab K, Aldosary F, Bradwejn J. A multifaith spiritually based intervention for generalized anxiety disorder: A pilot randomized trial. Journal of clinical psychology. 2010;66(4):430-41.
40. Tilley S. Reflections on Spirituality and Health-by Wright, SG. Sociology of Health & Illness.
2006;28(5):655-7.
41. Naghi JJ, Philip KJ, Phan A, Cleenewerck L, Schwarz ER. The Effects of Spirituality and Religion on Outcomes in Patients with Chronic Heart Failure. Journal of Religion and Health. 2012;51(4):1124-36.
