ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﺮﺑ
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺪﺷر يﺎﻫ
Festuca Ovina
هداز ﯽﻘﺗ ﻪﻧازﺮﻓ
*
،1
يﺮﻤﻌﻣ يﺪﻬﻣ ﯽﻧﺎﺑﺮﻗ ناودرا ،2
ﯽﻧﺎﻄﻠﺳ فﺮﺷا ﯽﻠﻋ و3 4
-1 ﯽﻠﯿﺑدرا ﻖﻘﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ،يراﺪﻌﺗﺮﻣ ﺪﺷرا ﯽﺳﺎﻨﺷرﺎﮐ يﻮﺠﺸﻧاد
-2 ﯽﻠﯿﺑدرا ﻖﻘﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﯾدﺎﺘﺳا
-3 ﯽﻠﯿﺑدرا ﻖﻘﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد
-4 ﯽﻠﯿﺑدرا ﻖﻘﺤﻣ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد رﺎﯿﺸﻧاد
:لﻮﺌﺴﻣ هﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ [email protected]
:هﺪﯿﮑﭼ
روﺬﺑ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺶﯿﭘ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا
Festuca ovina
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺮﺑ يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻫﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد هﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﻧز
ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ .ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺮﮑﺗ4
را .ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا و ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ
و ﺪﻫﺎﺷ :ﻞﻣﺎﺷ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻤﻋا حﻮﻄﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ
تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ رد يور
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ و500 رد .ﺪﻧدﻮﺑ1000
نﺎﯾﺎﭘ هرود ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ؛ﯽﻧز يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ يﺎﻫ
) CA
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،(
ﯽﻧز
) VG
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد ،(
ﯽﻧز
) GP
،(
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ
) VI
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ و( )
TWC
.ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ(
داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻪﮐ
ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ
يور يور ﺮﺑ لﻮﻃ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻪﭼ ، نزو ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔﺮﺗ ،ﯽﻧز
ﺪﺻرد ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ،رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﯽﻧز و يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ
لﺎﻤﺘﺣا ﺢﻄﺳ رد
%99 ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻟﺎﺣرد .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ راد ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا
ﺮﺑ تﺎﻔﺻ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ لﻮﻃ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﮏﺸﺧ نزو و ﻪﭼ
ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد .ﺪﺸﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﮐ
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ راﺪﻘﻣ ) ﻪﭼ
/57 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ138 ) ﺮﺗ نزو ،(ﺮﺘﻣ /25
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ305 ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،(مﺮﮔ ) ﯽﻧز
/92 ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد ،(13 ﯽﻧز
) /5 ) رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،(94 /36
) يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ،(2 /3
18698 ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ و ( ) ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ
/56 يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد (91 .ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ1000
ﻪﺑ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﯽﻠﮐ رﻮﻃ يور
ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ1000 ﺮﺑ
يور تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺪﺷر
F.ovina
ﺖﺳا هدﻮﺑ ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ زا ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ .
يﺪﯿﻠﮐ تﺎﻤﻠﮐ
: Festuca ovina
،
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ،ﺪﺷر تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ،ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ،ﯽﻧز
يور
:ﻪﻣﺪﻘﻣ
تﺎﯿﻠﻤﻋ يرﺎﮐرﺬﺑ رد ﻊﺗاﺮﻣ ﯽﺘﺴﯾﺎﺑ و ﯽﻟﻮﺻا ﺢﯿﺤﺻ يرﺎﮐرﺬﺑ .دﻮﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺢﯿﺤﺻ
زا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ بﺎﺨﺘﻧا رﺬﺑ ﺎﺗ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ راﺮﻘﺘﺳا هﺎﯿﮔ ار ﻞﻣﺎﺷ
ﯽﻣ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ .دﻮﺷ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ
ﯽﻧز ﺎﺗ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ راﺮﻘﺘﺳا هﺎﯿﮔ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺳﺎﺴﺣ هرود
ﺪﺷر هﺎﯿﮔ ﺖﺳا ﻪﮐ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﺖﺴﮑﺷ يرﺎﮐرﺬﺑ يﺎﻫ
دﻮﺷ
،مﺪﻘﻣ) .(2000 ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ رد يﺪﯿﻠﮐ ﺪﻨﯾآﺮﻓ ﮏﯾ و نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ﻪﺧﺮﭼ رد سﺎﺴﺣ و ﻢﻬﻣ ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ و يﻮﻤﻧ ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯿﻟوا ﯽﻧز
ﯽﻣ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ نﺪﺷ ﺰﺒﺳ ) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
Devilliers ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و1
ﺎﻣد هﮋﯾو ﻪﺑ ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ ﻞﻣاﻮﻋ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ تﺪﺷ ﻪﺑ ﺪﺷر زا ﻪﻠﺣﺮﻣ ﻦﯾا .(1996
ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ كﺎﺧ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر و ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﯽﻧﺎﻄﻠﺳ) دﺮﯿﮔ
ر زا .(1387 ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﺘﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ و دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﻘﻘﺤﻣ ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﺎﮑﻫا ﺖﻋﺮﺳ و ﯽﻧز
هدﻮﻤﻧ دﺎﻬﻨﺸﯿﭘ نﺪﺷ ﺰﺒﺳ ﯽﻣ رﺬﺑ ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ ﺪﻧا
) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ Mcdonald ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و2
شراﺰﮔ .(1999 ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نآ زا ﯽﮐﺎﺣ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﺘﺧاﻮﻨﮑﯾ و ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ ﯽﻣ رﺬﺑ نﺪﺷ ﺰﺒﺳ و ﯽﻧز
) ددﺮﮔ Morgan و3
،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ .(2003
،ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ راﺮﻗ
نداد رﺬﺑ ﻞﺒﻗ زا ﺖﺷﺎﮐ رد ﮏﯾ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺑآ
ﺺﺨﺸﻣ ﺖﻬﺟ بﺬﺟ بآ و مﺎﺠﻧا ﻞﺣاﺮﻣ ﯽﻀﻌﺑ ﻞﺒﻗ
زا ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ
ﯽﻧز ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ ) Cerabolini ،4
شور .(2004 ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ يﺎﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﯾﺰﺟ رﻮﻃ ﻪﻠﯿﺳو ﻪﺑ
Bradford )1
و (1986
2 Khan ) ( 1992
1 Devilliers 2- Mcdonald 3- Morgan 4- Cerabolini
هﺪﺷ ﺢﯾﺮﺸﺗ ﺪﻧا
ﻧﺎﺴﯿﺧ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ و رد ﺎﯾ و (ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ) بآ رد ﻪﻧاد نﺪ
زا يﺰﻤﺳا لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﮏﯾ ﯽﻠﭘ ،لﻮﺘﯿﻧﺎﻣ ﻞﯿﺒﻗ
ﺎﯾ و لﻮﮑﯿﻠﮔ ﻦﻠﯿﺗا
ﻣز هرود ﮏﯾ ياﺮﺑ (ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘﻮﻤﺳا) ﺪﯾاﺮﻠﮐ ﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺎ
و ﻦﯿﻌﻣ ﯽﻧ ﻪﻧاد دﺪﺠﻣ ندﺮﮐ ﮏﺸﺧ و ﻦﺘﺴﺷ نآ لﺎﺒﻧد ﻪﺑ
ﻪﯿﻟوا ﺖﺑﻮﻃر ﺪﺣ ﺎﺗ ﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﮏﯿﻨﮑﺗ ﻦﯾا .ﺖﺳا ﻊﯾﺮﺳ رﻮﻬﻇ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ
ﺮﺗ ﻪﺸﯾر و ﺎﻫ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ يﻮﻗ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻧﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ،ﺎﻫ ﯽﻫﺪﻠﮔ ،ﯽﮑﺸﺧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ ﻞﻤﺤﺗ ،ﺮﺗ
ﺮﺗدوز ﺖﺷادﺮﺑ ،ﺮﺗدوز و
) دﻮﺷ ﺪﻋﺎﺴﻣﺎﻧ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺖﺤﺗ لﻮﺼﺤﻣ ندروآ ﺖﺳد ﻪﺑ
3Kaur ، (2002 .
دﻮﺒﻤﮐ يور ﯽﮑﯾ زا ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ ﻞﮑﺸﻣ
نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺮﺳاﺮﺳ ﺎﯿﻧد زا ﺮﻈﻧ داﻮﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ يﺬﻐﻣﺰﯾر ﻪﺑ
صﻮﺼﺧ رد ﯽﯾﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐ كﺎﺧ ﻪﮐ
يﺎﻫ نآ ﺎﻫ
ياراد يور ﻞﺑﺎﻗ سﺮﺘﺳد ﯽﻤﮐ
،ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ ﯽﻣ ) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ Alloway
،4
.(2008 دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﻪﻧاد و ترﺪﻗ تﺎﯿﺣ نآ ار ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
ﯽﻣ ) ﺪﻫد Pandey ،5
هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .(2006 زا
ﻮﻧﺎﻧ تارذ ﯽﻣ ناﻮﺗ ﯽﯾﺎﻫدﻮﮐ ﺎﺑ
ﺶﯾﺎﻫر لﺮﺘﻨﮐ هﺪﺷ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ .دﻮﻤﻧ بﺬﺟ ﯽﯾﺎﻫدﻮﮐ ﺎﺑ
ﻦﯾا دﺎﻌﺑا
ﺖﺣار ﺮﺗ هﺪﺷ و ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫدﻮﮐ ﺞﯾار ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺪﻧراد و زا ﻂﯿﺤﻣ ﯽﮔدﻮﻟآ ﺖﺴﯾز
و يرﻮﺷ ﺶﯿﺑ زا ﺪﺣ كﺎﺧ يﺮﯿﮔﻮﻠﺟ ﯽﻣ
ﺪﻨﻨﮐ
،ﺲﻤﺷ و ﺮﺒﺠﻧر) هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .(2009
زا ﺰﯾر يﺬﻐﻣ ﺎﻫ يﺎﻫرﻮﺸﮐرد ﻪﺘﻓﺮﺸﯿﭘ
زا نﺎﮐرا ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ كﺎﺧ ﯽﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ رد ﯽﻟﺎﺣ ﻪﮐ رد رﻮﺸﮐ ﺎﻣ ﻪﺑ
ﭻﯿﻫ ﻪﺟو ﻪﺑ ﻦﯾا ﺮﻣا ﯽﻬﺟﻮﺗ هﺪﺸﻧ ) ﺖﺳا Cakmak ،6
رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(2008 ﯽﻃ
ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ مﺰﯿﻧﺎﮑﻣ
يﺎﻫ ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ
خر
ﯽﻣ
،ﺪﻫد ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻢﯿﻣﺮﺗ ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫ هدراو لﻮﻠﺳ ﻪﺑ يﺎﻫ
،رﺬﺑ ﺖﻓﺮﺸﯿﭘ ﻊﯾﺎﻗو ﯽﮑﯿﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ ﻪﮐ
رد زﺎﻓ بﺬﺟ مود بآ
قﺎﻔﺗا هدﺎﺘﻓا و ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ
جوﺮﺧ ﻪﺸﯾر ﻪﭼ ﯽﻣ ﺪﻧدﺮﮔ و ﯽﻌﯾﺎﻗو ﻞﺜﻣ ﻢﯿﻬﺴﺗ ﺮﺘﻬﺑ مﺮﭙﺳوﺪﻧآ و
هﺮﯿﺧذ داﻮﻣ يا
ﻪﮐ هزﺎﺟا ﺪﺷر ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﯿﻨﺟ ﻦ ار ﯽﻣ ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ،ﺪﻨﻫد ﺖﺳا
رد ﯽﻃ ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ رﺬﺑ
قﺎﻔﺗا ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺎﯿﺑ ﯽﯾآرﺎﮐ و نآ
ار ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﯽﻣ ) ﺪﻨﻫد
7 Jie ، (2002 .
ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﺰﯿﻧ نﻮﯿﺗﺎﮐ زا ﯽﮑﯾ زا ﯽﮑﯾ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺸﯾر ﻂﺳﻮﺗ بآ بﺬﺟ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و يﺰﻤﺳا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺪﻨﯾاﺮﻓ رد ﻢﻬﻣ يﺎﻫ
كﺮﺤﺗﺮﭘ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ رد ﯽﻧﺪﻌﻣ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ
؛ﺖﺳا هﺎﯿﮔ ﻪﺑ
ﯽﻣ بﺎﺴﺣ ﻪﺑ ﯽﺸﮑﺑآ ﺪﻧوآ هﺮﯿﺷ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ رد هﺪﻤﻋ ﯽﺗﻮﯿﺗﺎﮐ ﻪﮐ يرﻮﻃ و ﺪﯾآ
رد
دﻮﺒﻤﮐ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ
ماﺪﻧا زا ﺮﺼﻨﻋ ﻦﯾا هﺎﯿﮔ گﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ هﺎﯿﮔ ﺮﺗﺮﯿﭘ يﺎﻫ
و ناﻮﺟ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ لﺎﻘﺘﻧا ﯽﻤﺘﺴﯾﺮﻣ طﺎﻘﻧ
ﺪﺑﺎﯾ ) Marschner
،8
.(1995 رد ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﻬﻣ زا ﯽﮑﯾ نژوﺮﺘﯿﻧ زا ﺲﭘ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ ﯽﮑﯾژﻮﻟﻮﯾﺰﯿﻓ ﻒﯾﺎﻇو ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻮﻤﻧ و ﺪﺷر
هﮋﯾو هﺎﮕﯾﺎﺟ ﺰﯿﻧ يزروﺎﺸﮐ تﻻﻮﺼﺤﻣ ﺖﯿﻔﯿﮐ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رد ،دراد هﺪﻬﻋ ﻪﺑ هﺎﯿﮔرد ﻪﮐ ﯽﻤﻬﻣ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ .ﺖﺳا هداد صﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ يا
ﯽﻣ كﺮﺤﺘﻣ ﯽﺸﮑﺑآ و ﯽﺑﻮﭼ ﺪﻧوآ ،ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ،لﻮﻠﺳ زا ﻢﻋا ﯽﻫﺎﯿﮔ حﻮﻄﺳ مﺎﻤﺗ رد هﺪﻤﻋ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ .ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
ﮐ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ و ﺖﺳا ﻢﺳﻼﭘﻮﺘﯿﺳ نﻮﯿﺗﺎ
ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ
K+
ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺰﻤﺳا ﻞﯿﺴﻧﺎﺘﭘ ،ﺎﻬﻧﻮﯿﻧآ ﺎﺑ
لﻮﻠﺳ و ﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ ﻢﯿﻈﻨﺗ ار ﺎﻫ
،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﯽﺗﻮﮑﻠﻣ) ﺪﻨﮐ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﺗارذ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ندوﺰﻓا .(1384
ﯽﺑ يﺎﻫﺮﺛا ﻦﺘﺷاد ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ دﻮﮐ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﺖﺣار و ﺮﺘﻌﯾﺮﺳ ذﻮﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ
ﻪﺑﺮﺗ نورد
روﺬﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻟﻮﻠﺳ يﺎﺸﻏ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ ﺰﯿﻧ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻧز
) ﺖﺳا هداد ثﺎﺼﺘﺧا دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮔﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﯿﺑ رد ار يدﺎﯾز ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
9Han ، .(2006
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
F. ovina
زا ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﺎﻫ ي ﻢﻬﻣ رد ﻪﯾﺬﻐﺗ ،ماد ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ و بآ ﺎﺧ ك ﻮﺑ و هد ا ﺎﺸﺘﻧ و ر ﯽﻌﯿﺳ رد ﺮﻣ ا ﻮﺸﮐ ﻊﺗ ر ﺎﮔﺮﮔ) ،ن ﺮﻬﺸﻬﺑ را ، ﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗ ت
ﺪﻨﮐ هرد ،ناو ﻮﻟﺎﭼ را ،س ﺎﻋﺎﻔﺗ ت ﻮﺠﮐ ،ر ﺪﮔ كو ﺮﻫ ﺖﻤﺳ ﻪﺑ ،زا
ﺮﺳ ،با ﻼﺒﺳ ا ،ن ﻪﯾﻮﻨﺷ ، ﺎﺸﻧﺎﻣﺮﮐ ا ،ه ﺪﻧﻮﻟ ، ﻼﯿﮔ ن ﺮﻏ ،ب ﺮﻬﮔ ، ﻮﺳ ﯽﻟﺎﮔ ،ر
ﺎﻓ ،سر ﺎﭼﻮﻗ ،ن ﻮﮐ ه ﺰﺑ د ،گ ﺎﻣ و ﻮﻠﭘ /ﺪﻧ ،ر ﺎﭼﻮﺗ ،ل ﺮﮐ ج ، ﺰﻗ و ﻦﯾ اد ، ﺎﻐﻣ و ن ﺎﻨﻤﺳ رد ن ﺪﺤﻣ را هو ﯽﻋﺎﻔﺗ ﺎﺗ 300
ﺮﺘﻣ 4320 (ي دراد . ﺎﺑ
ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ا ﺖﯿﻤﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
F. ovina
رد ﻪﻓﻮﻠﻋ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ رد
ﺮﻣ ا ﻊﺗ و ﺎﺧ ﺖﻇﺎﻔﺣ ،ك
ﺮﻫ ﯽﺷﻼﺗ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ رد
ﺖﻬﺟ ا ﺮﻘﺘﺳ ا و را ﺰﻓ ا ﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﺶﯾ نآ د
5- Bradford 6- Khan 1- Kaur 2- Alloway 3- Pandey 4- Cakmak 5-Jie
6-Marschner 7-Han
ﻪﺑ ﺮﺠﻨﻣ ا ﺰﻓ ا ﺮﻓ ﺶﯾ هدروآ ﺎﻫ اد ي ﯽﻣ ﻊﺗاﺮﻣ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و ﻮﺧ
ا ﺪﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا رد ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ
يور
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺮﺑ ﺪﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ هﺎﯿﮔ ﻦﯾا ﯽﺸﯾور تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ و ﯽﻧز .
:شور و داﻮﻣ
ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ و ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻦﯾا يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺮﺑ رﺬﺑ ﯽﻧز
Festuca ovina
ا و ﻢﻟﺎﺳ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ اﺪﺘﺑا .ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧ اﺪﺟ رورﺎﺑﺎﻧ و هﺪﯿﮐوﺮﭼ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ زا ﺖﺷرد
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺳ . ﺎﺑ ﯽﻓدﺎﺼﺗ ﻼﻣﺎﮐ حﺮﻃ ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ ﺲﭙ 4
مﺎﺠﻧا راﺮﮑﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯾا رد هﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ و رﺬﺑ عﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗﺎﺑ .ﺪﺷ
:ﻞﻣﺎﺷ هﺪﺷ لﺎﻤﻋا حﻮﻄﺳ و ﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑﺎﺸﻣ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ يور
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ نوﺪﺑ) ﺪﻫﺎﺷ
، رد ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ
يﺎﻫ و500 ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و1000
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد يور يﺎﻫ
و500 ﺑ1000 ﻧدﻮ ) ﺪ
Lombi 1
،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و هدازدﻮﻤﺤﻣ ؛2012
.(1393 تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻢﯾﺪﺳ ﺪﯾﺮﻠﮐﻮﭙﯿﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ زا ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ندﺮﮐ ﯽﻧﻮﻔﻋﺪﺿ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد5
ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺎﺑ ﺲﭙﺳ و ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا .
رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺶﯿﭘ لﺎﻤﻋا ياﺮﺑ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ
يور تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 24
يﺎﻫ و 500 ﯽﻠﯿﻣ 1000
مﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ
و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺲﭙﺳ ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد ﻮﺸﺘﺴﺷ ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ ﺎﺑ .
ﺶﯾﺪﯾﺮﺘﭘ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ عوﺮﺷ زا ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻫ
ﻢﯾﺪﺳﺪﯾﺮﻠﮐﺮﭙﯿﻫ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ و ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ را هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ
ﺶﯾﺪﯾﺮﺘﭘ ﻞﺧاد ﺖﺸﮐ ﺮﺘﺴﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ ﻦﻤﺗاو ﺬﻏﺎﮐ ﻪﯾﻻ ﮏﯾ ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﯽﻧﻮﻔﻋﺪﺿ ﺪﺻرد 20 .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺎﻫ
ﺮﻫ رد ﺲﭙﺳ
،ﺶﯾﺪﯾﺮﺘﭘ دﺪﻋ25
ﻪﻧﻮﮔ رﺬﺑ
F.ovina
.ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﻪﮕﻧ بﻮﻃﺮﻣ يﺮﺘﭘ فوﺮﻇ هراﻮﻤﻫ ﺶﯾﺎﻣزآ هرود لﻮﻃ رد
و ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺷاد ﮏﯾ ﺮﻫ ﻪﺑ
ﺶﯾﺪﯾﺮﺘﭘ زا ﺪﺷ ﻪﻓﺎﺿا ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ هزاﺪﻧا ﮏﯾ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ
.
ﻪﺑ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا رﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﺪﻌﺑ زور ود ،ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺪﺷر و ﯽﻧز
ﻪﺸﯾر رﻮﻬﻇ زا ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ شرﺎﻤﺷ ﻪﭼ
هزاﺪﻧا و ﺎﻫ يﺮﯿﮔ
-
.ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﻧازور ترﻮﺻ ﻪﺑ مود زور زا شرﺎﻤﺷ ﻦﯿﺘﺴﺨﻧ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ عوﺮﺷ ﺮﻈﻧ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻧﺎﻣز ﺎﺗ
ﺲﭙﺳ .ﺪﺷ ﻒﻗﻮﺘﻣ ﯽﻧز
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﯽﻧز
هزاﺪﻧا ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ و يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ،رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﯽﻧز .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ
ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ياﺮﺑ ﺎﻫ
زا ﻂﺑاور ﯾز ) ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺮ Maguirw
،2
؛.1962
3ISTA ، (.2005 هداد يرﺎﻣآ ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ و ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﻪﻣادا رد ﺎﻫ
ﺎﺑ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﻓﺮﻄﮑﯾ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ نﻮﻣزآ
ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ و ﻪﻨﻣاد ﺪﻨﭼ نﻮﻣزآ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺎﻫ
ﻦﮑﻧاد يا ﻂﯿﺤﻣ رد
مﺮﻧ راﺰﻓا
ﺪﺷ مﺎﺠﻧاSPSS
.
GP ꞊
VG ꞊
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ عﻮﻤﺠﻣ =Ni شرﺎﻤﺷ زور ﻦﯾﺮﺧآ رد هدز
شرﺎﻤﺷ زور =Di
ﺎﻫرﺬﺑ ﻞﮐ داﺪﻌﺗ =Ti
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ داﺪﻌﺗ =ni شرﺎﻤﺷ زور رد هدز
ﮏﯾﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ =
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ=
ﯽﻧز ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد
× ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ) لﻮﻃ ﻪﺸﯾر ﻪﭼ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ + لﻮﻃ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ (ﻪﭼ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ= ﯽﻟﻮﻃ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ
:ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ
1-Lombi 2-Maguirw 3-ISTA
ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو هداد ﺎﻫ نﺎﺸﻧ داد ﺮﺛا ﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ يﺎﻫر يور
لﻮﻃ يور ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
ﻪﭼ ، نزو ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔﺮﺗ ،ﯽﻧز
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺪﺻرد ،رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﯽﻧز
و يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ رد ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ
ﻄﺳ ﺢ ا لﺎﻤﺘﺣ
%99 ﯽﻨﻌﻣ فﻼﺘﺧا دﻮﺟو يراد
ﺖﺷاد ﯽﻟو . ﺮﺑ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻪﺸﯾر لﻮﻃ
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﮏﺸﺧ نزو و ﻪﭼ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ
يراد ﺪﺸﻧ لوﺪﺟ) .(1
لوﺪﺟ
:1 ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﺑ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻪﯾﺰﺠﺗ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ و ﺪﺷر ﯽﻧز
F.ovina
و ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ لﻮﻃ راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ ﻪﭼ ﻪﺑ ﺐﯿﺗﺮﺗ يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ رد ﯽﻠﯿﻣ1000
ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ و ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ .(1
ﺖﺤﺗ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺮﺗ نزو يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ1000 ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد ار راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﻤﮐ ﺪﻫﺎﺷ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ و ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ،ﺮﺘﯿﻟ .(2
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد راﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ،ﯽﻧز
ﻮﻧﺎﻧ رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﻪﺑ طﻮﺑﺮﻣ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ ورﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ ،ﯽﻧز
ﯽﻠﯿﻣ يور ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ
ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ1000
-3 .(7
ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ
يدازآ ﻪﺟرد
تﺎﻌﺑﺮﻣ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ F
ﻪﺸﯾر لﻮﻃ ) ﻪﭼ (cm هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 /793
ns 1617 /85 0
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
305/96
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ لﻮﻃ ) ﻪﭼ (cm هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 119/674
/28 5 **
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
140/334
نزو ) ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺮﺗ (mg
هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ (رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 28061
2/896**
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
9689/183
نزو ) ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﮏﺸﺧ (mg
هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ (رﺎﻤﯿﺗ 4
7/675 0/696ns
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
11/033
ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز رد داﺪﻌﺗ)
(زور هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 16/021
11/587**
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
1/383
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد ﯽﻧز
هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ (رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 363/5
4/912**
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
74
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 0/462
3/299**
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
0/14
يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 34674835/73
4/557 **
هوﺮﮔ نورد (ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
7609663/552
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ هوﺮﮔ ﻦﯿﺑ
(رﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ
4 186/854
7/121 **
هوﺮﮔ نورد
(ﺎﻄﺧ ﺮﺛا) ﺎﻫ 15
26/241
ﻞﮑﺷ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :1 ﺮﺗ نزو
ﻞﮑﺷ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :2
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ لﻮﻃ ﻪﭼ
ﺪﺻرد ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :4ﻞﮑﺷ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ: 3ﻞﮑﺷ
6ﻞﮑﺷ رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :5ﻞﮑﺷ
ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :
يﺮﺘﻣﻮﻟآ ﺐﯾﺮﺿ
ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻣ درﻮﻣ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ ﺮﺛا ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻪﺴﯾﺎﻘﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ :7ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ
ﺚﺤﺑ و ﻪﺠﯿﺘﻧ يﺮﯿﮔ :
ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺮﺑ يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ رﺬﺑ ﯽﻧز
F.ovina
ﺎﺑ ،ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد .ﺪﺷ ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ .ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ بآ يﻮﺘﺤﻣ و رﺬﺑ ﻪﯿﻨﺑ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﺮﺗ نزو ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ،ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ و ﯽﺸﯾاﺰﻓا ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تاﺮﺛا ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو ﺮﺑ ﯽﺸﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫ
.دراد نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ روﺬﺑ ﯽﻧز
ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد هدﺎﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺪﺳر ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺗ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ رد ﯽﻟو ،دﻮﺷ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﻧز
يﺎﻫ
ﯽﻣ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻔﻟﻮﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺖﺳا ﻦﮑﻤﻣ ﻪﮐ .دﻮﺷ هﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﻧز هﺎﯿﮔ ياﺮﺑ هرذﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻦﯾا يﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﺖﯿﻤﺳ دﺎﺠﯾا ﻪﭼ
ﺒﻋ .ﺪﻨﮐ دوﺪﺤﻣ ار نآ ﺪﺷر و ﺪﻨﮐ ) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و ﯽﮑﻟﺎﺧ ﯽﺳﺎ
ﻮﻧﺎﻧ و ﺲﯿﻠﯿﺳ تارذﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ (1395 ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ود رد هﺮﻘﻧ تارذ
و 20 ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يدﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ،ﺪﺻرد 60 هﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﻧز
Thymus kotschyanus
.ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ) يرﺎﯾﺮﻬﺷ و هﺮﯿﺨﻓ نﺎﯿﺑ دﻮﺧ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد (1393
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺚﻋﺎﺑ يدراﻮﻣ رد ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تاﺮﺘﯿﻧ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻧز
ﯽﻣ ﺮﻈﻧ ﻪﺑ .دﻮﺷ ﺪﺳر
ﺮﺛا ﻞﯾﻻد زا ﯽﮑﯾ
كﺮﺤﻣ ﺖﺒﺜﻣ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟﺪﺻرد ﺮﺑ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تارذﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ يﺎﻫ
و رﺬﺑ رد ﯽﻧﻮﻣرﻮﻫ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ نﺪﯿﺳر لدﺎﻌﺗ ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ ﻻﺎﻤﺘﺣا ،ﯽﻧز
ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯾﺰﯿﺴﺑآ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺪﺷر هﺪﻧرادزﺎﺑ داﻮﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ
) ABA
.ﺪﺷﺎﺑ(
ﯽﻗدﺎﺻ و ﯽﻟﺎﻤﮐ ) رﻮﭘ
(1394 رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ تاﺮﺛا يدﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا
مﻮﯿﻧﺎﺘﯿﺗ ﺮﺑ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز و ﺪﺷر ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﻧﻮﮔ ﯽﻌﺗﺮﻣ
Eurotia ceratoides ،
Nitraria schoberi ،
Halothamnus glaucus ،
Salaola rigida
و
Kochia prostrata
نﺎﯿﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﻪﮐ رد ﺮﺜﮐا ﻦﯾا
،نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﻦﯿﯾﺎﭘ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ يد ﺪﯿﺴﮐا مﻮﯿﻧﺎﺘﯿﺗ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﯽﻨﻌﻣ يراد ﺮﺑ ﻧاﻮﺟ ﻪ ﯽﻧز و
ﺪﺷر ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺖﺷاﺪﻧ ﯽﻟو رد ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻻﺎﺑ ) ﯽﻠﯿﻣ1500 مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ( ﺎﺑ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺖﯿﻤﺳ ﺐﺟﻮﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز و ﺪﺷر ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﺪﺷ .
ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ رد دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ
،تارذﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ
ﻪﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﻓﺮﺼﻣ ﻪﮐ ﻢﻫ ﺮﺛﻮﻣ ﺪﺷﺎﺑ و ﻢﻫ ﺖﯿﻤﺳ دﺎﺠﯾا ﺪﻨﻨﮑﻧ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺰﺋﺎﺣ ﺖﯿﻤﻫا ﺖﺳا . رد
ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يا ﺮﮕﯾد ﯽﻟﺎﻤﮐ و رﺎﮑﻤﻫ نا ) (1396 نﺎﯿﺑ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﻪﮐ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﻻﺎﺑ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﻦﻫآ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺪﺻرد ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز و ﺪﺷر
ﻪﭽﻫﺎﯿﮔ ود ﻪﻧﻮﮔ
Agropyron desertorum
و
Agropyron elongatum
ﺪﺷ . ﻟﺎﺣ رد ﻪﮑﯿ هدازدﻮﻤﺤﻣ و
ﯽﻠﯿﻘﻋ ) (1393 رد ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﺴﮐا رد ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ ﺪﯿ
ﺗ مﻮﯿﻧﺎﺘﯿ ) 10ppm
، ،100 ،1000 ،1200 و 1500
ﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ (1700 تﺎﯿ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز ﻟوا ﺪﺷر و ﻪﯿ
مﺪﻨﮔ
Triticum aestivum L.)
ﺑ(
نﺎﯿ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ يﺎﻫ
يﻻﺎﺑ يد ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﺪ ﺗ مﻮﯿﻧﺎﺘﯿ اﺰﻓا ﺚﻋﺎﺑ ﺶﯾ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﯽﻧز مﺪﻨﮔ ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ .
ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﺮﮕﯾد تارذ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ندوﺰﻓا ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ يﺎﻫﺮﺛا ﻦﺘﺷاد ﻞﯿﻟد ﻪﺑ دﻮﮐ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻪﺑ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ لﻮﻠﺤﻣ ﻪﺑ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ
ﯽﺑ ﺮﯿﻈﻧ
ﻔﻧ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻮ ﻊﯾﺮﺳ ذ ﺖﺣار و ﺮﺗ ﺶﻨﺗ ﻞﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ روﺬﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎﻘﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻟﻮﻠﺳ يﺎﺸﻏ نورد ﻪﺑ ﺮﺗ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻫ ،ﯽﻧز
) ﺖﺳا هدﺮﮐ ﺐﻠﺟ دﻮﺧ ﻪﺑ نﺎﮔﺪﻨﻨﮐﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ ﻦﯿﺑ رد ار يدﺎﯾز ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺰﯿﻧ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ و ﺰﺘﻨﺳﻮﺘﻓ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،Han
.(2006
1Lu و
) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ ﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ (2015
ﺪﻧد ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ5000
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺪﺻرد ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺒﺳ تﺎﮑﯿﻠﯿﺳ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ رد مﺮﮔ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ،ﯽﻧز
،ﯽﻧز
ﻪﻗﺎﺳ لﻮﻃ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ و ﻪﺘﯾرﻮﮕﯾو ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﻪﺟﻮﮔ ﻪﭼ
ﯽﮕﻧﺮﻓ
) Lycopersicon esculentum
.ﺪﺷ (
1-Lu
ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﺮﺛا ﻪﮐ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ يور ﯽﻨﻌﻣ رﺬﺑ ﯽﻧز
ﻦﯾا .دﻮﺑ راد ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا ﯽﻟﺎﺣ رد
يﺎﻫ
ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺮﺗﻻﺎﺑ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ و ﺪﺷر تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ ﺮﺑ يﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ يور
هﺎﯿﮔ رﺬﺑ ﯽﻧز
F.ovina
ﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ دﺮﮐ هرﺎﺷا ﺪﯾﺎﺑ .ﺖﺷاد
) Br
يور و نﺪﺒﯿﻟﻮﻣ ،(
ﯽﻣ زﺎﯿﻧ درﻮﻣ ﯽﻟﺎﻋ نﺎﻫﺎﯿﮔ ﻮﻤﻧ و ﺪﺷر ياﺮﺑ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ يروﺮﺿ و فﺮﺼﻣ ﻢﮐ ﺮﺻﺎﻨﻋ زا ) ﺪﺷﺎﺑ
1Mei ،نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و .(2009
Lin and
2Xing ) (2008 شراﺰﮔ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ دﺮﺑرﺎﮐ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺪﯿﺴﮐا يور ﺎﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ2 مﺮﮔ رد ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا و ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ لﻮﻃ
ﻪﺸﯾر ﻪﭼ اﺰﻠﮐ
،ﺪﯾدﺮﮔ ﯽﻟﺎﺣرد ﻪﮐ فﺮﺼﻣ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ يور ﺐﺒﺳ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ لﻮﻃ ﻪﺸﯾر ﻪﭼ .ﺪﺷ رد ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ يا ﻪﮐ ﻂﺳﻮﺗ Prasad نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و3
) مﺎﺠﻧا (2012
،ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﺪﺷ ﻪﮐ ﯿﺗ رﺎﻤ يﺎﻫرﺬﺑ مادﺎﺑ ﯽﻨﯿﻣز ﺎﺑ ﻮﻧﺎﻧ تارذ يور ﺎﺑ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ1000
مﺮﮔ ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﯽﻨﻌﻣ -
يراد رد ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ
،ﯽﻧز لﻮﻃ ﻪﻗﺎﺳ
،ﻪﭼ لﻮﻃ ﻪﺸﯾر ﻪﭼ و ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ترﺪﻗ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻪﺑ ﺮﯾﺎﺳ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ نﺎﻤﻫ هدﺎﻣ و ﺖﻈﻠﻏ يﺎﻫ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ زا داﻮﻣ
ﺮﮕﯾد ياراد يور ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ تﻼﮐ تﺎﻔﻟﻮﺳ يور دﺎﺠﯾا .دﺮﮐ ﻪﺑ. ﯽﻠﮐرﻮﻃ ﺘﻧ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻦﯾا ﺞﯾﺎ درﻮﻣ ﮓﻨﯿﻤﯾاﺮﭘ يﺎﻫرﺎﻤﯿﺗ نﺎﯿﻣ زا ﻪﮐ
يور ﻮﻧﺎﻧ ،ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻠﯿﻣ1000
ﯽﮔﮋﯾو دﻮﺒﻬﺑ رد ار ﺮﯿﺛﺎﺗ ﻦﯾﺮﺘﺸﯿﺑ ﺮﺘﯿﻟ ﺮﺑ مﺮﮔ ﻪﻧاﻮﺟ يﺎﻫ
ﻪﯿﻟوا ﺪﺷر تﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ و ﯽﻧز
F. ovina
ﺖﺷاد .
ﻊﺑﺎﻨﻣ :
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The effect of potassium nano silicate and nano-zinc on the growth components of the species Festuca ovina
Farzaneh Taghizadeh1* and Mehdi Moameri2 MScstudent, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili 2. Assistant Professor, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili
*Corresponding author: [email protected]
Abstract
This research was carried out to investigate the effect of treatments of potassium nano-silicate and nano-zinc on germination of Festuca ovina seeds under laboratory conditions. The experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with 4 replications. Treatments
included: control and potassium nanosilicates (500 and 1000 mg/l) and Zinc oxide nanoparticles (500 and 1000 mg/l) . At the end of the germination period, alometric coefficient (CA), germination velocity (VG), germination percentage (GP), seedling vigor index (VI) and Tissue water content (TWC) were measured. The results showed that the effects of nano silicate potassium and Zinc oxide nanoparticles on the shoot length, wet shoot weight, germination velocity, germination percentage, seed vigor index, coefficient alometric and seedling tissue content were significant at probability level 99%. However, the effect of treatments on traits on shoot length and seedling dry weight was not significant. The results of this study showed that the highest amount of the shoot length (138.5 mm), fresh weight (305.25 mg), germination velocity (13/92), germination percentage (94/5), seed vigor index (2/36), coefficient alometric (18698/3) and seedling tissue content (91/56) in the treatment Zinc oxide nanoparticles 1000 mg/l was observed. According to the results of the 1000 mg/l Zinc oxide nanoparticles effect on the growth characteristics of F. ovina species, it was more than other treatments.
Keywords: Festuca Ovina, Growth characteristics, Germination, Potassium nano silicate, Zinc oxide nanoparticles
