This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and Royal Jelly on oxidative stress and liver tissue enzymes of obese rats

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The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Training and Royal Jelly on Oxidative Stress and Liver Tissue Enzymes in Obese Rats

Ali Asghar Ma'ghouli¹ ، Ahmad Abdi²^ ، Asieh Abbassi Daloii³

1. Department of Exercise Physiology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran. E-mail: [email protected] 2. Corresponding Author, Department of Exercise Physiology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran. E-mail:

[email protected]

3. Department of Exercise Physiology, Ayatollah Amoli Branch, Islamic Azad University, Amol, Iran. E-mail: [email protected]

Article Info ABSTRACT

Article type:

Research Article

Article history:

Received:

10 October 2021 Received in revised form:

7 April 2022 Accepted:

9 April 2022 Published online:

22 September 2022

Keywords:

aerobic exercise, oxidant, antioxidant, liver tissue, obesity.

Introduction: Oxidative stress is associated with a variety of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, including obesity. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and Royal Jelly on oxidative stress and liver tissue enzymes of obese rats.

Methods: In this experimental study, 45 male Wistar rats (mean weight= 187.5±9.37 grams) were divided into 5 groups: Normal Diet (ND), High-Fat Diet (HFD), High- Fat Diet + Training (HFDT), High-Fat Diet + Royal Jelly (HFDRJ) and High-Fat Diet + Training + Royal Jelly (HFDTRJ). The supplement groups orally received 100 mg of royal jelly (per kg of body weight) diluted in distilled water during the intervention period. An aerobic training program including running on a treadmill with an intensity of 50-60% of oxygen consumption (VO2max), was performed Five days a week for eight weeks. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test at a significance level of α=0.05. Results: There was a significant increase in malondialdehyde (MDA) and a significant decrease in Superoxide Dismutase (SOD), Glutathione Peroxidase (GPX), and Catalase (CAT) in HFD group compared with ND group (P=0.001). Also, a significant decrease in MDA values and a significant increase in amounts of SOD, GPX, and CAT was observed in HFDT, HFDRJ, and HFDTRJ groups compared with the HFD group;

and in the HFDTRJ group compared with HFDT and HFDRJ groups (P=0.001).

Conclusion: It seems that the intervention of aerobic training and royal jelly can help to reduce oxidative stress and improve liver enzymes during obesity.

Cite this article: Ma'ghouli A A., Abdi A., & Abbassi Daloii A. The Effect of Eight Weeks of Aerobic Training and Royal Jelly on Oxidative Stress and Liver Tissue Enzymes in Obese Rats. Journal of Sport Biosciences.2002; 14 (2): 29-42.

DOI: http//doi.org/10.22059/JSB.2022.332096.1491

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ExtendedAbstract

Introduction

In recent decades, obesity has increased rapidly. Oxidative stress is associated with a variety of inflammatory and metabolic diseases, including obesity. Obesity affects many body tissues, including the liver. Studies have shown that the training reduces liver disorders and improves the levels of antioxidant enzymes in HFD obese rats. Also, various phenolic compounds present in royal jelly have antioxidant properties. This study aimed to investigate the effect of eight weeks of aerobic training and Royal Jelly on oxidative stress and liver tissue enzymes of obese rats.

Methods

In this experimental study, 45 male Wistar rats were randomly divided into five groups (n=9): Normal Diet (ND), High Fat Diet (HFD), High Fat Diet + Training (HFDT), High Fat Diet + Royal Jelly (HFDRJ) and High Fat Diet + Training + Royal Jelly (HFDTRJ). HFD induction was performed using a high- fat diet containing 17% protein, 43% carbohydrate, and 40%

fat. The supplement groups orally received 100 mg of royal jelly (per kg of body weight) diluted in distilled water during the intervention period. An aerobic training program including running on a treadmill with an intensity of 50-60% of oxygen consumption (VO2max), was performed Five days a week for eight weeks. 48 hours after the last training session, rats were anesthetized with a combination of ketamine and xylazine.

After extraction of rats’ liver tissue, all tissues were placed in a nitrogen tank and sent to the laboratory to measure oxidative stress and liver enzyme levels. Data were analyzed using a one-way analysis of variance and Tukey’s post hoc test at a significance level of α=0.05.

Results

There was a significant increase in MDA (p<0.0001) and a significant decrease in SOD (p<0.0001), GPX (p<0.0001), and CAT (p<0.0001) in the HFD group compared with the ND group. MDA was significantly decreased in HFDT (p=0.010), HFDRJ (p=0.019) and HFDTRJ (p<0.0001) groups compared with HFD; And also in HFDTRJ group compared with HFDT (p=0.020), and HFDRJ (p=0.010) groups. Also, SOD, GPX and CAT were significantly increased in the HFDT (p=0.008, p=0.023 and p=0.021), HFDRJ (p=0.040, p=0.025 and p=0.045) and HFDTRJ (p<0.0001, p<0.0001 and p<0.0001) groups compared with the HFD group; and in the HFDTRJ group compared with the HFDT (p=0.042, p=0.037 and p=0.034) and HFDRJ (p=0.008, p=0.034 and p=0.016) groups.

AST and ALT were also significantly decreased in the HFDT (p=0.000 and p=0.000), HFDRJ (p=0.000 and p=0.001) and HFDTRJ (p=0.000 and p=0.000) compared with the HFD group.

Conclusion

The results of the present study showed that HFD increased oxidative stress and markers of liver damage. Nevertheless, the intervention of aerobic exercise and royal jelly led to a decrease in liver enzymes as well as a decrease in MDA and an increase in SOD, GPX, and CAT in HFD rats. The mechanism of changes in antioxidant enzymes following training is probably the result of increased intracellular responses and the reaction of different body tissues against oxidant indicators that are released following training. Also, royal jelly enhances antioxidant effects by inhibiting oxidative stress and improving ATP levels, and also by improving hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. On the other hand, the findings of the current research showed the beneficial effects of the interaction of aerobic exercise and royal jelly in reducing liver damage and increasing antioxidant enzymes in the liver tissue of obese rats. It seems that the intervention of aerobic training and royal jelly can help reduce oxidative stress and improve liver enzymes during obesity.

Ethical Considerations Compliance with ethical guidelines

This research was carried out with the approval of the Ethics Committee of Islamic Azad University, Marvdasht branch with code IR.SSRC.REC.1400.020.

Funding: Funding provided by the authors.

Authors’ contribution: Conceptualization: Ahmad Abdi, Asieh Abbassi Daloiia and Ali Asghar Ma'ghouli; Methodology: Ahmad Abdi, Asieh Abbassi Daloiia; Formal analysis: Ahmad Abdi;

Investigation; Writing: Ahmad Abdi and Ali Asghar Ma'ghouli.

Conflict of interest: The authors declare that they have no competing interests.

Acknowledgments: This research was conducted in Islamic Azad University, Ayatollah Amoli Branch. The authors hereby express their gratitude to the participants in this study.

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ﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ ﺮﺛا ﯾ

ﻦ زاﻮﻫ ي ور لژ و ﯾ

لﺎ ﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ ﯾ

ﺸ ﯽ ﺰﻧآ و ﯾ ﻢ ﺎﻫ ي ﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ي

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يﺪﺒﻋ ﺪﻤﺣا

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، 

ﯽﯾﻮﻟد ﯽﺳﺎﺒﻋ ﻪﯿﺳآ

3

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، آ ﺪﺣاو ﯾ ﺖ ﷲا ﻠﻣآ ﯽ

، ﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﯽ

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@gmail.com 58

a.abdi

3 . ﻓ هوﺮﮔ ﯿﺰ ﯾ ژﻮﻟﻮ ي ﺷزرو ﯽ

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ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ تﺎﻋﻼﻃا هﺪﯿﮑﭼ

:ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ عﻮﻧ ﯽﺸﻫوﮋﭘ ﻪﻟﺎﻘﻣ

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:يﺮﮕﻧزﺎﺑ ﺦﯾرﺎﺗ 18

/ 01 / 1401

رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ ﺬﭘ ﯾ شﺮ : 20 / 01 / 1401

رﺎﺗ ﯾ ﺦ رﺎﺸﺘﻧا : 31 / 06 / 1401

ﺪﯿﻠﮐ هژاو :ﺎﻫ

ﺖﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ،يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ و

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رﺎﻤ ي ﺎﻫ فﺪﻫ .دراد طﺎﺒﺗرا ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﮏﯿﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ و ﯽﺑﺎﻬﺘﻟا ي

ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺛﺄﺗ

ﯿﺮ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ و ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ لﺎﯾور لژ و يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ

شﻮﻣ .دﻮﺑ قﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ

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.ﺪﺷ اﺮﺟا ﻪﺘﻔﻫ هداد

ﺎﻫ ﯾ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ شور ﻪﺑ ﻪﻓﺮﻄﮑ

ﺢﻄﺳ رد ﯽﮐﻮﺗ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ و ﺎﻨﻌﻣ

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- ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ

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دﺎﻨﺘﺳا :

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ﻪﯿﺳآ ،ﯽﯾﻮﻟد ﯽﺳﺎﺒﻋ و ؛ﺪﻤﺣا ،يﺪﺒ .

ﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ ﺮﺛا ﯾ

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ﯽﺷزرو ﯽﺘﺴﯾز مﻮﻠﻋ ﻪﯾﺮﺸﻧ .

1401 ؛ 14 )2 (:

33-42 .

2022.332096.1491

JSB.

/ 10.22059 http//doi.org/

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ﺮﺷﺎﻧ :

،ناﺮﻬﺗ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد هﺪﮑﺸﻧاد

ﯽﺷزرو مﻮﻠﻋ و

.ﯽﺘﺳرﺪﻨﺗ .نﺎﮔﺪﻨﺴﯾﻮﻧ©

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32 ﯽﺘﺴﯾز مﻮﻠﻋ

ﯽﺷزرو نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ،مود ةرﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻢﻫدرﺎﻬﭼ ةرود ، 1401

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ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ﻏﯿ ﺒﻃﺮ ﯿﻌ ﺎﯾ ﯽ ﺑﯿ ﺶ ﺪﺣزا ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻒﯾﺮﻌﺗ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ

ﯽﻣ ﺮﻄﺧ ﻪﺑ ار ﯽﺘﻣﻼﺳ ﺖﯿﻌﺿو ) دزاﺪﻧا

1 زا .(

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- ) ﯽﻗوﺮﻋ نﺎﻃﺮﺳ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ و (CVDs

،ﺎﻫ

ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ﺖﺳا يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﻦﯾا . ﺎﻫ

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گﺮﻣ ﺪﺻرد ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ار نﺎﻬﺟ رد مﺎﮕﻨﻫدوز يﺎﻫ

ﯽﻣ ﯽﻠﺻا ﺖﻠﻋ و دﻮﺷ گﺮﻣ

ﻣو ﯿﺮ سردوز ﯽﻧاﻮﺗﺎﻧ و ﺖﺳا

) 2 يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ .(

ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﮏﯿﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ و ﯽﺑﺎﻬﺘﻟا يﺎﻫ

) دراد ﯽﮕﺘﺴﺒﻤﻫ 3

زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ .(

ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺢﻄﺳ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،نﻮﺧ ﺪﻨﻗ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا يﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ

ﯽﺘﻧآ عﺎﻓد رد ﻒﻌﺿ ،ﺖﻓﺎﺑ لﺎﮑﯾدار ﻞﯿﮑﺸﺗ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ،ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا

) ﺖﺳا هاﺮﻤﻫ ﻦﻣﺰﻣ بﺎﻬﺘﻟا و دازآ يﺎﻫ 4

ﺖﻓﺎﺑ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ ﺮﺑ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ .(

نﺪﺑ يﺎﻫ

) دراد ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺪﺒﮐ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا 5

ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا .(

ﻏﯿ ﺒﻃﺮ ﯿﻌ ﺮﻄﺧ ،ﯽﻗﺎﭼ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﯽ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ

يﺎﻫ ﺪﻬﺗ ﯾ ﺪﻨﻨﮐﺪ ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ار ﯽﮔﺪﻧز ة ،ﺪﻫد

ﻪﺑ رﻮﻃ ي ﻪﮐ

يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ،ود عﻮﻧ ﺖﺑﺎﯾد ﯽﻠﺻا ﺮﻄﺧ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ﯽﺒﻠﻗ يﺎﻫ

- نﺎﻃﺮﺳ زا يرﺎﯿﺴﺑ و يﺪﺒﮐ ﺐﯿﺳآ ،ﯽﻗوﺮﻋ طﺎﺒﺗرا يدﺪﻌﺘﻣ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ .ﺖﺳﺎﻫ

لﺎﮑﯾدار ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﻪﮐ دراد ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺐﺳﺎﻨﻣﺎﻧ عﺎﻓد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و دازآ يﺎﻫ

ناﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺎﻫ ﺖﺳ ) 6 لﺎﮑﯾدار ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ .(

دازآ يﺎﻫ

لﻮﻠﺳ يﺎﻘﺑ ﻪﺑ ار ﺎﻫ

حﻼﺻا و ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ،ﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺐﯿﺳآ ﻖﯾﺮﻃ زا ﯽﯾﺎﺸﻏ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﻞﯿﻟد

DNA

ﺖﺸﮔﺮﺑ ﺬﭘﺎﻧ ﯾﺮ ﯽﻣ راﺮﻗ ﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ﺖﺤﺗ ) ﺪﻨﻫد

7 .(

داﻮﻣ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﺶﻨﮐاو

ﺪﻨﻫد ﻧ و ﺎﻫﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘورﺪﯿﻫ حﻮﻄﺳ و ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯾرﻮﺘﯿﺑرﺎﺑﻮﯿﺗ ة ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸ

ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺐﯿﺳآ يﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ ﻞﯿﻧﻮﺑﺮﮐ يﺎﻫ )

ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ (ROS

)8 نوﺰﻓا .(

ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺎﺑ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺐﯿﺳآ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ يﺎﻫ

ﯽﺘﻧآ ) زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴﯾد ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘﻮﺳ ﺪﻨﻧﺎﻣ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ) زﻻﺎﺗﺎﮐ ،(SOD

نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ،(CAT S-transferase

) اﺮﭘ نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ و (GST

) زاﺪﯿﺴﮐ (GPx

ﯽﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺎﺑ ﻂﺒﺗﺮﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﻪﮐ ﺪﺑﺎﯾ

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ﯽﻣ ﻞﻤﻋ دازآ لﺎﮑﯾدار ﻆﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﮏﯾ ) ﺪﻨﮐ

9 .(

ﻊﻤﺠﺗ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻞﻣﺎﻋ ﺑﯿ

ﺶ ﺪﺣزا فﺮﺼﻣ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ داﺮﻓا رد ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺑﯿ

ﺶ ﺪﺣزا ﻦﺘﺷاﺪﻧ و يﺮﻟﺎﮐ ﻟﺎﻌﻓ

ﯿ ﺖ ﻧﺪﺑ ) ﺖﺳا ﯽ 10 يور تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ .(

شﻮﻣ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ قﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ ،HFD

دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و يﺪﺒﮐ تﻻﻼﺘﺧا ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺒﺳ ﯽﺷزرو تﺎﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هداد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ حﻮﻄﺳ

ﯽﺘﻧآ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا

ﯽﻣ دﻮﺷ ) 11 ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺟﻮﻣ يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(

ﺰﻧآ ﯾ ﻢ ﺎﻫ ي ﺘﻧآ ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﻧاﺪ ﯽ يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ و رد

ﯽﻧاﻮﯿﺣ تﺎﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻣ

ﯽ دﻮﺷ ) 12-16 .(

ﺮﺑ ﺎﺑ ﯽﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ رد ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ و بﺎﻬﺘﻟا ﯽﺳر

ﯽﻧدﻮﻣزآ يور ﯽﻗﺎﭼ زا ﯽﺷﺎﻧ يﺪﺒﮐ يﺎﻫ ﯽﯾﺎﻫ

ﯽﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﮥﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ ﮏﯾ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﺖﯾدوﺪﺤﻣ ﭻﯿﻫ نوﺪﺑ ﻪﮐ 12

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ا ) زاﺮﻔﺴﻧاﺮﺗﻮﻨﯿﻣآ ﻦﯿﻧﻻآ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯽﺷزرو ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ،ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ اﺮﺟا ار ي و ﯽﻣﺮﺳ (ALT

) زاﺪﯿﺘﭙﭘ ﺲﻧاﺮﺗ ﻞﯿﻣﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ ﺎﻣﺎﮔ ﻘﻣ دﻮﺒﻬﺑ ﺐﺒﺳ و داد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار (GGT

دﺮﮑﻠﻤﻋ ﻪﮐ يداﺮﻓا رد ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﻟﻮﺴﻧا ﻪﺑ ﺖﻣوﺎ ﻏﯿ

ﺒﻃﺮ ﯿﻌ و ﺪﺒﮐ ﯽ

يﺎﻫاﺮﺘﺴﺑﻮﺳ و ﻦﯿﺘﯾﺮﻓ) ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ يﺎﻫﺮﮕﻧﺎﺸﻧ و بﺎﻬﺘﻟا ﯽﻣﺮﺳ ﺢﻄﺳ ﯽﺷزرو تﺎﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ ،ﺪﻨﺘﺷاد كﻮﮑﺸﻣ ﺪﺒﮐ زوﺮﺒﯿﻓ ﺶﻨﮐاو

ﺪﻨﻫد ة

) داد ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ار (ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯾرﻮﺘﯿﺑرﺎﺑﻮﯿﺗ 16

درﺎﺳوﺮﮔ ،لﺎﺣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ .(

) نارﺎﮑﻤﻫ و1

2019 ﻪﺑ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا سﺮﺘﺳا ﺦﺳﺎﭘ ﻪﮐ ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ نﺎﯿﺑ ( ةﮋﯾو ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ

) ﺖﺳا ﺖﻓﺎﺑ عﻮﻧ 17

.(

ياراد تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑ ﺘﻧآ

ﯽ ﺴﮐا ﯿ ﺖﻧاﺪ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﺮﺑاﺮﺑ رد ﺖﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ ﺐﺒﺳ ﯽﻣ نﺎﺴﻧا و ﯽﻧاﻮﯿﺣ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ رد يﺪﺒﮐ يﺎﻫ

.دﻮﺷ

ﯽﺘﻧآ تاﺮﯿﺛﺄﺗ ،ﻪﻨﯿﻣز ﻦﯿﻤﻫ رد ﺮﺑ رد لﺎﯾور لژ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا

) ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ شراﺰﮔ تﺎﻘﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﯽﺧ 18

، 19 هدﺎﻣ لﺎﯾور لژ .(

ياراد ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا يا

ﯽﻣ ﺢﺷﺮﺗ ﺮﮔرﺎﮐ يﺎﻫرﻮﺒﻧز ﺮﺳ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ يوﺎﻔﻨﻟ دﺪﻏ و ﻞﯿﮕﻨﯾرﺎﻓﻮﭙﯿﻫ دﺪﻏ زا و هدﻮﺑ ﻪﻟژ و هﺪﻨﺒﺴﭼ ،ﺪﯿﻔﺳ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﯽﺗﺎﯿﺻﻮﺼﺧ هدﺎﻣ ﻦﯾا .دﻮﺷ

دوﺪﺣ .ﺖﺳا ﺦﻠﺗ ﻢﻌﻃ و ﺪﻨﺗ يﻮﺑ ،ﺪﯿﺳا ﯽﻤﮐ ياراد 185

ور لژ رد ﯽﻟآ ﺐﯿﮐﺮﺗ هوﻼﻋ ،هﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﺧﺎﻨﺷ لﺎﯾ

ﺖﺴﯾز تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ يدﺎﯾز داﺪﻌﺗ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ لﺎﻌﻓ

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ 10 ﯽﺴﮐورﺪﯿﻫ 2

) ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺋﻮﻧﺎﮐد تﺎﻔﺴﻓ ﻮﻧﻮﻣ ﻦﯾزﻮﻧدآ ،ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ،بﺮﭼ ﺪﯿﺳا ،(HAD

(AMP)

ﺪﯿﺴﮐا ،

،N1

و ﻦﯿﻟﻮﮐ ﻞﯿﺘﺳا ،ﻦﯾزﻮﻧدآ

ﯽﻠﭘ لﻮﻨﻓ ) دراد دﻮﺟو لژ ﻦﯾا رد ﺎﻫ 20

ﺐﺒﺳ لﺎﯾور لژ رد دﻮﺟﻮﻣ ﯽﻟﻮﻨﻓ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ .(

ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﯿﺻﺎﺧ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﯽﻣ هدﺎﻣ ﻦﯾا ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا

دﻮﺷ

) 21 ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺘﯾو و لﺎﯾور لژ .(

ﻪﺑC

ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﺐﺒﺳ دازآ لﺎﮑﯾدار ةﺪﻨﻨﮐرﺎﻬﻣ ﯽﻣ شﻮﻣ ﺪﺒﮐ رد ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يﺎﻫ

) دﻮﺷ 19 نﺎﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .(

ﯽﺘﻧآ ﺖﯿﻓﺮﻇ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﺐﺒﺳ لﺎﯾور لژ فﺮﺼﻣ ﺎﺑ هاﺮﻤﻫ ﺎﻨﺷ يزاﻮﻫ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ ﻪﮐ ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﯽﻧاﺪﯿﺴﮐا

ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا) وSOD

رد (GPx

شﻮﻣ يﺮﻤﯾاﺰﻟآ يﺎﻫ يﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ هﺪﺷ

ﻞﯿﺘﻣ ﯽﻣ ﻦﯿﺗ ) دﻮﺷ 18 .(

1.Groussard

(5)

ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ و ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ لﺎﯾور لژ و يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﺖﺸﻫ ﺮﺛا شﻮﻣ يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ

قﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ 33

ﯽﺘﻧآ ناﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺎﻫ ﻊﻓد ﻪﺑ ردﺎﻗ لﺎﮑﯾدار

يﺎﻫ دازآ و ﺎﯾ ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ بﻮﮐﺮﺳ لﺎﮑﯾدار

يﺎﻫ دازآ ﺎﺑ ﻊﻄﻗ هﺮﯿﺠﻧز ﺶﻨﮐاو يا

نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐا ﺪﻨﺘﺴﻫ

. ﺪﺒﮐ

گرﺰﺑ ﻦﯾﺮﺗ نﺎﮔرا ﯽﻠﺧاد

،نﺪﺑ ﻢﺳ رد ﯽﻤﻬﻣ ﺶﻘﻧ ﯽﯾادز

داﻮﻣ هدﻮﻟآ ﺪﻨﻨﮐ ة ﯽﻄﯿﺤﻣ و يﺎﻫوراد ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷ دراد . ﺎﻣا ﯽﻀﻌﺑ رد

،ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺖﯿﻟﻮﺑﺎﺘﻣ يﺎﻫ

ﻟﻮﺗ ﯿ هﺪﺷﺪ ﯽﻣ ﺐﯿﺳآ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺪﻧاﻮﺗ لﻮﻠﺳ

يﺎﻫ يﺪﺒﮐ .دﻮﺷ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ﺎﮑﺗا ﻞﺑﺎﻗ و ﯽﻠﺻا يﺎﻫ رد

ﺺﯿﺨﺸﺗ يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ

يﺎﻫ

،يﺪﺒﮐ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ

ﯽﺘﻧآ ناﺪﯿﺴﮐا و ﺎﻫ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ يﺎﻫ يﺪﺒﮐ ﻓﺎﯾ ،ﺎﻣ ﺶﻧاد ﻪﺑ ﻪﺟﻮﺗ ﺎﺑ ،لﺎﺣ ﻦﯾا ﺎﺑ .ﺖﺳا ﻪﺘ

ﺎﻫ ةرﺎﺑرد ﺸﺨﺑﺮﺛا ﯽ رد لﺎﯾور لژ و يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ نﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ

ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ و ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ صﻮﺼﺧ يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ يﺎﻫ

ﻪﺑ وﯾ هﮋ ﯽﻧدﻮﻣزآ رد دوﺪﺤﻣ قﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ

ﺖﺳا كرد.

ﻦﯾا ﻪﺘﮑﻧ ﻪﮐ شزرو ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻢﻈﻨﻣ

ﻪﻧﻮﮕﭼ

و ﺎﺑ ﻪﭼ يرﺎﮐوزﺎﺳ ﺐﺒﺳ

دﻮﺒﻬﺑ و نﺎﻣرد ﯽﯾﺎﺳرﺎﻧ يﺎﻫ ﯽﻣ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ رد يﺪﺒﮐ رﺎﯿﺴﺑ ،دﻮﺷ

ﺪﯿﻔﻣ نﺪﺑ زا ﻪﮐ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ تﺎﺒﯿﮐﺮﺗ ﻦﺘﻓﺎﯾ ﯽﻓﺮﻃ زا .ﺖﺳا

يرﺎﻤﯿﺑ ﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﺑﺎﻘﻣ رد ار يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻪﻠﻤﺟ زا ﯽﻧدﻮﻣزآ رد يﺪﺒﮐ يﺎﻫ

رادرﻮﺧﺮﺑ يدﺎﯾز ﺖﯿﻤﻫا زا ،ﺪﻨﮐ ﺖﻈﻓﺎﺤﻣ قﺎﭼ يﺎﻫ ﺖﺳا

ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾاﺮﺑﺎﻨﺑ .

ﯽﺳرﺮﺑ ﻪﺑ دراد ﺪﺼﻗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ و ﯽﺸﯾﺎﺴﮐا رﺎﺸﻓ ﺮﺑ لﺎﯾور لژ و يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﺮﺛا

ﻮﻣ رد يﺪﺒﮐ يﺎﻫ ش

يﺎﻫ .دزادﺮﭙﺑHFD

شور ﺳﺎﻨﺷ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﯽ

45 ﺖﺸﻫ ﻦﺳ) رﺎﺘﺴﯾو داﮋﻧ ﺮﻧ ﯽﯾاﺮﺤﺻ شﻮﻣ ﺮﺳ نزو ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ و ﯽﮕﺘﻔﻫ

37 /9

± 51 / 187 .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ هداد ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﯽﺑﺮﺠﺗ ﻖﯿﻘﺤﺗ ﻦﯾا رد (مﺮﮔ

شﻮﻣ ﺖﺑﻮﻃر) دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ رد ﺎﻫ

±4 6/

55 ﯽﮑﯾرﺎﺗ ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻨﺷور ﮥﺧﺮﭼ ،ﺪﺻرد 12:12

ﻂﯿﺤﻣ يﺎﻣد ،ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 4/

±1 22 ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﮥﺟرد (داﺮﮔ

ﺲﻔﻗ رد ﯽﻠﭘ يﺎﻫ شﻮﻣ ﺮﺳ رﺎﻬﭼ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ تﺎﻨﺑﺮﮐ بآ .ﺪﺷ يراﺪﻬﮕﻧ ﺲﻔﻗ ﺮﻫ رد

ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ لﻮﺻا .ﺖﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ رﺎﯿﺘﺧا رد دازآ

ﻖﺑﺎﻄﻣ تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﺎﺑ رﺎﮐ ﯽﻗﻼﺧا ﻂﺧ

ﺸﻣ ﯽ ﺎﻫ ﺎﺑ و ﯽﮑﻨﯿﺴﻠﻫ دادراﺮﻗ ي ﺄﺗ

ﯿﯾ ﺪ وﺮﻣ ﺪﺣاو ﯽﻣﻼﺳا دازآ هﺎﮕﺸﻧاد ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ رد قﻼﺧا ﮥﺘﯿﻤﮐ ﺖﺷد

)

IR.IAU.M.REC.1400.020

شﻮﻣ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﮏﯾ زا ﺲﭘ .ﺪﺷ ﺖﯾﺎﻋر ( ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر هوﺮﮔ ود رد تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ،هﺎﮕﺸﯾﺎﻣزآ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺎﻫ

) لﺎﻣﺮﻧ 8

= ،n

) بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر و (ND

32

= ،n

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ .ﺪﻨﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ (HFD

ﻞﻣﺎﺷ دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژرND

23 ،ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد 65

و تارﺪﯿﻫﻮﺑﺮﮐ ﺪﺻرد 12

د هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ و ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺪﺻر ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ﻪﮐ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر HFD

40 ،ﯽﺑﺮﭼ ﺪﺻرد 17

و ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﺪﺻرد 43

ﺪﺻرد

رود مﺎﻤﺗا زا ﺲﭘ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ رﻮﺘﺳﺎﭘ ﻮﺘﯿﺘﺴﻧا ﯽﮕﻨﻫﺎﻤﻫ ﺎﺑ (بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ياﺬﻏ و دراﺪﻧﺎﺘﺳا ياﺬﻏ) ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر ود ﺮﻫ .ﺪﺷ هﺪﻧارﻮﺧ ،دﻮﺑ تارﺪﯿﻫﻮﺑﺮﮐ ة

ﺖﺸﻫ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ا هوﺮﮔ ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﺑ تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﮥﻤﻫ ﮥﯾﺬﻐﺗ ي ) لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر

) بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ،(ND

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ،(HFD

- ) ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ،(HFDT

- لﺎﯾور لژ

)

HFDRJ

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ و ( -

ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ - ) لﺎﯾور لژ

HFDTRJ

رد .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﻢﯿﺴﻘﺗ ( اﯾ

ﻦ هرود ﺺﺧﺎﺷ زا .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻌﯿﺒﻃ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر زا تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ

يﻻﺎﺑ ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ و هﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﺑﺎﯾزرا ياﺮﺑ ﯽﻟ 310

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ ﺮﻈﻧ رد قﺎﭼ شﻮﻣ

لﺎﯾور لژ فﺮﺼﻣ

ﺖﮐﺮﺷ زا لﺎﯾور لژ ردﻮﭘ

Bulk Supplements Co, Ltd

)

Henderson, USA

ﻪﻧازور ،ﻞﻤﮑﻣ هوﺮﮔ .ﺪﺷ يراﺪﯾﺮﺧ ( 100

ﯽﻠﯿﻣ لژ مﺮﮔ

(نﺪﺑ نزو مﺮﮔﻮﻠﯿﮐ ﺮﻫ يازا ﻪﺑ) لﺎﯾور ﻗر

ﯿ ﻖ هﺪﺷ ار ﺮﻄﻘﻣ بآ رد ﻪﺑ

ترﻮﺻ ﯽﻣ ﺖﻓﺎﯾرد ژاوﺎﮔ ) ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ

22 .(

وﺮﭘ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻞﮑﺗ

شﻮﻣ ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻞﮑﺗوﺮﭘ عوﺮﺷ رد ﺞﻨﭘ ،ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ﮏﯾ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ ﺎﻫ

ﻪﺘﻔﻫ رد ﻪﺴﻠﺟ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ رﺎﺑ ﺮﻫ و

ﺞﻨﭘ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﺎﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ 8 - 10 ﺎﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﺮﺑ ﺮﺘﻣ

ﻪﺑ ،نﺎﮔﺪﻧﻮﺟ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ ﻞﯿﻣدﺮﺗ ﯽﻠﺻا ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ةرود ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯽﯾﺎﻨﺷآ ةرود رد ﻞﯿﻣدﺮﺗ ﺐﯿﺷ .ﺪﻧدﺮﮐ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ نآ يور ﻞﯿﻣدﺮﺗ ﺎﺑ ﯽﯾﺎﻨﺷآ رﻮﻈﻨﻣ

ﻪﺟرد ﺮﻔﺻ يزاﻮﻫ ﯽﺷزرو ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﮥﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ .دﻮﺑ

ﺖﺸﻫ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ا ﺖﺧﺎﺳ ،نﺎﯿﻧاﺮﯾا ﺪﯿﻣا ﺮﺘﺴﮔ ﺰﯿﻬﺠﺗ ﺖﮐﺮﺷ ﺖﺧﺎﺳ) ﻞﯿﻣدﺮﺗ يور نﺪﯾود ﻞﻣﺎﺷ ي

،ناﺮﯾا 10 شﻮﻣ يزاﻮﻫ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﮥﻣﺎﻧﺮﺑ .دﻮﺑ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ زور ﺞﻨﭘ (ﻦﯾﻻ ﻞﻣﺎﺷ لوا ﮥﺘﻔﻫ رد ﻞﯿﻣدﺮﺗ يور ﺎﻫ

30 تﺪﺷ ﺎﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 15

رد ﺮﺘﻣ

لوا ﮥﺘﻔﻫ زا ﺪﻌﺑ .دﻮﺑ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﻪﺑ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ تﺪﺷ ،ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ ﻪﺑ نﺪﯿﺳر ﺎﺗ

25 ﻪﺑ ﺰﯿﻧ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ نﺎﻣز و ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد ﺮﺘﻣ 60

ﻞﮑﺗوﺮﭘ .ﺖﻓﺎﯾ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻪﻘﯿﻗد

لوﺪﺟ رد ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ 1

دوﺪﺣ رد ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ تﺪﺷ .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ هدروآ 50

- 60 ) ﯽﻓﺮﺼﻣ نﮋﯿﺴﮐا ﺪﺻرد

VO2max

) ﺪﺷ دروآﺮﺑ ( 23

ﻪﺑ ندز ﻪﺑﺮﺿ زا .(

ةراﻮﯾد نادﺮﮔ راﻮﻧ ﻪﺑ

ناﻮﻨﻋ ﺟ ﯽﺗﻮﺻ كﺮﺤﻣ ﯽﻨﯾﺮﻤﺗ تﺎﺴﻠﺟ عوﺮﺷ رد ﻪﺘﺒﻟا .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﺷزرو ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ مﺎﺠﻧا ﻪﺑ تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﮏﯾﺮﺤﺗ ﺖﻬ

.ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا نﺪﺷ ﯽﻃﺮﺷ ياﺮﺑ ﯽﺗﻮﺻ كﺮﺤﻣ و ﯽﮑﯾﺮﺘﮑﻟا ﮏﯾﺮﺤﺗ زا نﺎﻣﺰﻤﻫ

(6)

34

ﻋ ﯽﺘﺴﯾز مﻮﻠ ﯽﺷزرو

نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ،مود ةرﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻢﻫدرﺎﻬﭼ ةرود ، 1401

لوﺪﺟ 1 ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﻞﮑﺗوﺮﭘ .

لوا ﮥﺘﻔﻫ مود ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

مﻮﺳ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ مرﺎﻬﭼ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

ﻢﺠﻨﭘ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ ﻢﺸﺷ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

ﻢﺘﻔﻫ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

تﺪﺷ (ﺮﺘﻣ) 15

16 18

20 21

23 25

25

تﺪﻣ (ﻪﻘﯿﻗد) 30

35 40

45 50

55 60

60

شور هزاﺪﻧا ﮔﯿ ﺮ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ي يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﻮﯿﺗاﺪﯿﺴﮐا يﺎﻫ

زا ﺲﭘ 10 ﺎﺗ 12 و ﯽﯾﺎﺘﺷﺎﻧ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ 48

نورد ﻖﯾرﺰﺗ ﺎﺑ ،يزاﻮﻫ ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﮥﺴﻠﺟ ﻦﯾﺮﺧآ زا ﺲﭘ ﺖﻋﺎﺳ ) ﻦﯿﻣﺎﺘﮐ ﯽﻗﺎﻔﺻ

kg/mg50-30 و (

) ﻦﯾزﻼﯾاز kg/ mg5-3

تﺎﻧاﻮﯿﺣ ﮥﻤﻫ ( ﺑ

ﯽ شﻮﻫ زا ﺲﭘ .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ

رادﺮﺑ ،ي ﻪﺑ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ دﺮﺳ ﻦﯿﻟﺎﺳ ﺎﺑ ﺪﺒﮐ زا ﯽﺘﻤﺴﻗ ﺖﺴﺷ

و ﻮﺷ و هﺪﺷ هداد

نژﻮﻤﻫ 10 رد ﺪﺻرد 15

/1 ) ﺪﺻرد تﺎﻧژﻮﻤﻫ نآ ﯽﭘ رد .ﺪﺷ ﻪﯿﻬﺗ ﻢﯿﺳﺎﺘﭘ روﺮﻠﮐ (w/v

ﻬﺗ ﯿﻪ هﺪﺷ تﺪﻣ ﻪﺑ 10 يﺎﻣد رد ﻪﻘﯿﻗد 4

ﮥﺟرد

ﯽﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﺖﻋﺮﺳ ﺎﺑ داﺮﮔ 7000

ﻪﺑ ﯽﯾور لﻮﻠﺤﻣ و ژﻮﯿﻔﯾﺮﺘﻧﺎﺳ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد رود ﻣ

ناﺰﯿﻣ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ رﻮﻈﻨ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ وMDA

يﺎﻫ ،SOD GPX

و .ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا CAT

ﻪﺑ ناﻮﻨﻋ ناﺰﯿﻣ يﺪﯿﭙﯿﻟ نﻮﯿﺳاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ ﺺﺧﺎﺷ ) ﺪﯿﺳا ﮏﯿﺗﻮﯿﺑرﺎﺑﻮﯿﺗ ﺶﻨﮐاو ﺐﻟﺎﻗ رد ،MDA

TBARS درﻮﻣ (

و ﻪﺘﻓﺮﮔ راﺮﻗ ﺶﺠﻨﺳ TBARS

ﻪﺑ ترﻮﺻ ﯽﻠﯿﻣ رد لﻮﻣﻮﻧﺎﻧ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ زا ﺪﺣاو ﺮﻫ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ مﺮﮔ

ﻪﺑSOD ترﻮﺻ ﺖﻈﻠﻏ

ﺎﺗ ﮓﻧر ﺪﯿﻟﻮﺗ زا ﺖﻌﻧﺎﻤﻣ ياﺮﺑ زﺎﯿﻧ درﻮﻣ ﻢﯾﺰﻧآ 50

ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ .ﺪﺷ ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ﻪﻌﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﻂﯾاﺮﺷ ﺖﺤﺗ ،ﻪﻘﯿﻗد ﮏﯾ رد ﺪﺻرد ﮥﯾﺰﺠﺗ سﺎﺳاﺮﺑCAT

رد نژورﺪﯿﻫ ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ 240 nm

ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ .ﺪﺷ ﻪﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﻪﻘﯿﻗد رد زﻻﺎﺗﺎﮐ ﺖﯿﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻞﮑﺷ ﻪﺑ ، ﻪﺑ GPX

ترﻮﺻ نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ لﻮﻣوﺮﮑﯿﻣ

ﯽﻠﯿﻣ/ﻪﻘﯿﻗد/ﺪﯿﺴﮐا مﺮﮔ

ﺖﯿﮐ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﺑ .ﺪﺷ نﺎﯿﺑ ﻦﯿﺌﺗوﺮﭘ ﯽﺘﻓﺎﺑ ناﺰﯿﻣ ﯽﯾﺎﯿﻤﯿﺷﻮﯿﺑ صﻮﺼﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ

وAST هزاﺪﻧاALT

زا .ﺪﻧﺪﺷ يﺮﯿﮔ

هداد ندﻮﺑ لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ياﺮﺑ ﮏﻠﯾو وﺮﯿﭘﺎﺷ نﻮﻣزآ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﺲﻧﺎﺠﺗ ياﺮﺑ نﻮﻟ نﻮﻣزآ و ﺎﻫ

.ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﺎﻫ نﻮﻣزآ زا

ﯾ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﻪﻓﺮﻄﮑ

هاﺮﻤﻫ

ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ ﺎﺑ ﯽﮐﻮﺗ

ﻦﯿﯿﻌﺗ ياﺮﺑ ﻦﯿﺑ توﺎﻔﺗ

.ﺪﺷ هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا ﯽﻫوﺮﮔ ﯽﻣﺎﻤﺗ

يرﺎﻣآ تﺎﺒﺳﺎﺤﻣ ﺎﺑ

مﺮﻧ زا هدﺎﻔﺘﺳا راﺰﻓا

SPSS ﺨﺴﻧ

ﮥ 26 IBM

رد و ﺢﻄﺳ ﺎﻨﻌﻣ يراد 05 /0 P≤ مﺎﺠﻧا ﺖﻓﺮﮔ .

ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ هوﺮﮔ نزو ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا زا ﺲﭘ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ و ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا ةرود رد و ﻞﺒﻗ ﺎﻫ

لوﺪﺟ رد يﺎﻫ 2 و 3 .ﺖﺳا هﺪﺷ ﻪﺋارا

لوﺪﺟ 2 . هوﺮﮔ نزو ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا ةرود رد و ﺶﯿﭘ ﺎﻫ

هرود ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا زا ﺶﯿﭘ

ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا

شﻮﻣ ﺖﺸﻫ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ يا زا ﺲﭘ يرﺎﮔزﺎﺳ هوﺮﮔ

ﺪﻨﺑ ي لوا ﮥﺘﻔﻫ مود ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

مرﺎﻬﭼ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ ﻢﺸﺷ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

ﻦﺳ ) ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ( ﺖﺸﻫ ﻪﻧ

هد هدزﺎﯾ

هدزاود هدﺰﯿﺳ

هدرﺎﻬﭼ

هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ 3/

9

± 5 / 187 2/

16

± 5 / 200 3/ ND

19

± 3 / 211 6/

17

± 3 / 216 5/

16

± 2 / 245 8/

22

± 2 / 257 5/

27

± 1 / 270

7/ HFD 22

± 6 / 209 9/

13

± 5 / 233 2/

21

± 8 / 271 6/

21

± 5 / 310 0/

41

± 8 / 350

(7)

لوﺪﺟ 3 هوﺮﮔ نزو ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ . ﯽﻗﺎﭼ يﺎﻘﻟا زا ﺲﭘ ﺎﻫ

ﻞﻘﺘﺴﻣ ﺮﯿﻐﺘﻣ لﺎﻤﻋا

لوا ﮥﺘﻔﻫ عوﺮﺷ مود ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

مرﺎﻬﭼ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ ﻢﺸﺷ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

ﻢﺘﺸﻫ ﮥﺘﻔﻫ

)ﻦﺳ ﻪﺘﻔﻫ ( هﺪﻔﻫ

هﺪﺠﻫ ﺖﺴﯿﺑ

ﺑﯿ ﺖﺴ ودو ﺑﯿ

ﺖﺴ رﺎﻬﭼو

هوﺮﮔ ﺎﻫ 55 ND

/ 27

± 11 / 270 13

/ 24

± 78 / 281 94

/ 32

± 55 / 291 06

/ 36

± 88 / 297 95 / 38

± 88 / 310

90 HFD / 50

± 66 / 343 54

/ 23

± 33 / 384 65

/ 47

± 44 / 410 86

/ 81

± 11 / 435 94 / 37

± 11 / 461

HFDT 72

/ 42

± 88 / 352 38

/ 23

± 22 / 374 33

/ 43

± 77 / 389 56

/ 37

± 55 / 411 05 / 49

± 00 / 414

HFDRJ 98

/

±37 44 / 348 12

/

±23 11 / 377 68

/

±51 88 / 398 68

/

±51 88 / 415 11 /

±49 77 / 423

HFDTRJ 97

/

±36 33 / 358 48

/

±21 44 / 368 43

/

±45 66 / 378 31

/

±50 22 / 387 12 /

±40 55 / 390

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يراد

هوﺮﮔ ردMDA

) دراد دﻮﺟو ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 744

/ 17

= وF

000 / 0

= نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ .(P

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا داد ناﺰﯿﻣ رد يراد

هوﺮﮔ ردMDA

يﺎﻫ )HFD

000 / 0 ،(P=

)HFDT

003 /0 و (P=

HFDRJ

) 002 /0 هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ (P=

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .دراد دﻮﺟوND

هوﺮﮔ ردMDA

يﺎﻫ )HFDT

010 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 019 /0 و (P=

HFDTRJ

) 000 /0 ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ (P=

هوﺮﮔ هوﺮﮔ وHFD

HFDTRJ

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ يﺎﻫ

)HFDT

020 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 010 /0 ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ (P=

ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد يراد 1

.(

ND HFD HFDT

HFDRJHFDTRJ 0

50 100 150

دﯾﺋدﻟآ ید نوﻟﺎﻣ)لوﻣ ﯽﻠﯾﻣ/تﻓﺎﺑ مرﮔ(

ac ace ce a

ﻞﮑﺷ 1 نﻮﻟﺎﻣ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . يد

هوﺮﮔ رد يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ ﺪﯿﺋﺪﻟآ .ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ

،لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :ND ،بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFD

ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFDT

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ - ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ HFDRJ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر : -

،لﺎﯾور لژ HFDTRJ

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر : -

ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ - .لﺎﯾور لژ

ﺎﺑ توﺎﻔﺗa ،ND

هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ توﺎﻔﺗc ،HFD

هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ توﺎﻔﺗe HFDTRJ

) 05 / 0 P<

.(

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﺮﮕﯾد زا د

تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ رد را هوﺮﮔ رد SOD

) دﻮﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 959

/ 17

= و F

000 / 0

= نﻮﻣزآ .(P

ﯽﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ رد يراد

هوﺮﮔ ردSOD

يﺎﻫ )HFD

000 /0 ،(P=

)HFDT

003 /0 و (P=

HFDRJ

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .داد نﺎﺸﻧ ارND

هوﺮﮔ ردSOD

يﺎﻫ )HFDT

008 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 040 /0 و (P=

HFDTRJ

) 000 /0 ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ (P=

هوﺮﮔ هوﺮﮔ و ؛HFD

HFDTRJ

)HFDT

042 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 008 /0 ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا (P=

2 .(

(8)

36

ﻋ ﯽﺘﺴﯾز مﻮﻠ ﯽﺷزرو

نﺎﺘﺴﺑﺎﺗ،مود ةرﺎﻤﺷ ،ﻢﻫدرﺎﻬﭼ ةرود ، 1401

ND HFD HFDT

HFDRJ HFDT

RJ 0

5 10 15 20

زﺎﺗوﻣﺳﯾد دﯾﺳﮐارﭘوﺳ)لﻠﻣﻟا نﯾﺑ دﺣاو/تﻓﺎﺑ مرﮔ ﯽﻠﯾﻣ(

ac ace ce

a

ﻞﮑﺷ 2 ﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘﻮﺳ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . هوﺮﮔ رد يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ زﺎﺗﻮﻤﺴﯾد

.ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ،لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :ND

،بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFD ﻢﯾژر :HFDT

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ -

،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ HFDRJ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر : -

) . 05 / 0 P<

.(

نﺎﺸﻧ ﺮﺿﺎﺣ ﺶﻫوﮋﭘ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ ﻦﯾا ﺮﺑ هوﻼﻋ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ رادﺎﻨﻌﻣ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ هﺪﻨﻫد

هوﺮﮔ رد GPX

) دﻮﺑ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 042

/ 14

= و F

000 /0

= ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ .(P

ناﺰﯿﻣ رد يراد هوﺮﮔ رد GPX

يﺎﻫ )HFD

000 /0 ،(p=

)HFDT

015 /0 و (P=

HFDRJ

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ .داد نﺎﺸﻧ ار ND

هوﺮﮔ رد GPX

يﺎﻫ ) HFDT

023 / 0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 025 /0 و (P=

HFDTRJ

) 000 /0 ﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ (P=

هوﺮﮔ ﻪ هوﺮﮔ و ؛HFD

HFDTRJ

)HFDT

037 /0 ،(p=

HFDRJ

) 034 /0 (P=

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد يراد

3 .(

ND HFD HFDTHFDRJHFDTRJ 0

10 20 30 40

زادﯾﺳﮐارﭘ نوﯾﺗﺎﺗوﻠﮔ)لﻠﻣﻟا نﯾﺑ دﺣاو/تﻓﺎﺑ مرﮔ ﯽﻠﯾﻣ(

ac ace ce

a

ﻞﮑﺷ 3 نﻮﯿﺗﺎﺗﻮﻠﮔ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . هوﺮﮔ رد يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ زاﺪﯿﺴﮐاﺮﭘ

.ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ،لﺎﻣﺮﻧ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :ND

،بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFD ﻢﯾژر :HFDT

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ -

،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ HFDRJ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر : -

) . 05 / 0 P<

.(

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ يراد

هوﺮﮔ رد CAT

) دراد دﻮﺟو ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 415

/ 16

= وF

000 / 0

= .(P

ناﺰﯿﻣ داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ هوﺮﮔ ردCAT

يﺎﻫ )HFD

000 /0 ،(P=

)HFDT

003 /0 و (P=

HFDRJ

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐND

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺷاد يراد هوﺮﮔ ردCAT

يﺎﻫ )HFDT

021 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 045 /0 و (P=

HFDTRJ

) 000 /0 (P=

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ هوﺮﮔ و ؛HFD

HFDTRJ

)HFDT

034 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 016 / 0 ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا (P=

4 .(

(9)

ND HFD HFDT

HFDRJ HFDT

RJ 0

20 40 60 80

زﻻﺎﺗﺎﮐ)لﻠﻣﻟا نﯾﺑ دﺣاو/تﻓﺎﺑ مرﮔ ﯽﻠﯾﻣ(

ac ace ce

a

ﻞﮑﺷ 4 هوﺮﮔ رد يﺪﺒﮐ ﺖﻓﺎﺑ زﻻﺎﺗﺎﮐ تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . .ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFDT

- .لﺎﯾور لژ-ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ-بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :^HFDTRJ ،لﺎﯾور لژ-بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :^HFDRJ ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ ﺎﺑ توﺎﻔﺗa

،ND هوﺮﮔ ﺎﺑ توﺎﻔﺗc ،HFD

) . 05 / 0 P<

.(

تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ﻦﯿﮕﻧﺎﯿﻣ ﻦﯿﺑ هوﺮﮔ رد AST

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ ) ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ يراد

228 / 37

= وF

000 / 0

= نﺎﺸﻧ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ نﻮﻣزآ ﺞﯾﺎﺘﻧ .(P

ناﺰﯿﻣ داد هوﺮﮔ رد AST

يﺎﻫ )HFD

000 /0 ،(P=

)HFDT

009 / 0 و (P=

HFDRJ

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓاND

يراد

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺖﺷاد هوﺮﮔ ردAST

يﺎﻫ )HFDT

000 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 000 /0 و (P=

HFDTRJ

؛HFD

هوﺮﮔ و

HFDTRJ

)HFDT

0039 /0 ،(P=

HFDRJ

) 003 /0 ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐ (P=

ﺖﺷاد يراد ﻞﮑﺷ)

5 .(

ND HFD HFDT

HFDRJHFDTRJ 0

50 100 150

زارﻔﺳﻧارﺗ وﻧﯾﻣآ تﺎﺗرﺎﭘﺳآ)لﻠﻣﻟا نﯾﺑ دﺣاو/رﺗﯾﻟ ﯽﻠﯾﻣ(

ac ace ace a

ﻞﮑﺷ 5 تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ . زاﺮﻔﺴﻧاﺮﺗ ﻮﻨﯿﻣآ تﺎﺗرﺎﭙﺳآ

هوﺮﮔ رد ﯽﻣﺮﺳ .ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ

ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر :HFDT

بﺮﭼﺮﭘ - ،ﻦﯾﺮﻤﺗ HFDRJ بﺮﭼﺮﭘ ﯽﯾاﺬﻏ ﻢﯾژر : -

) . 05 / 0 P<

.(

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ توﺎﻔﺗ ﺲﻧﺎﯾراو ﻞﯿﻠﺤﺗ ﺖﯾﺎﻬﻧ رد تاﺮﯿﯿﻐﺗ ناﺰﯿﻣ رد ار يراد

هوﺮﮔ رد ALT ) داد نﺎﺸﻧ ﻒﻠﺘﺨﻣ يﺎﻫ 715

/ 16

= و F 000 /0

= .(P

ﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﯾاﺰﻓا ناﺰﯿﻣ رد يراد

هوﺮﮔ رد ALT يﺎﻫ )HFD 000 / 0 و (P=

HFDRJ )

017 /0 هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ (P=

ﻪﺑ ND نﻮﻣزآ لﺎﺒﻧد

ﺮﯾدﺎﻘﻣ ﻦﯿﻨﭽﻤﻫ .ﺪﺷ هﺪﻫﺎﺸﻣ ﯽﺒﯿﻘﻌﺗ هوﺮﮔ ردALT

يﺎﻫ )HFDT 000

/0 ،(P=

HFDRJ )

001 / 0 و (P=

HFDTRJ )

000 /0 (P=

هوﺮﮔ ﻪﺑ ﺖﺒﺴﻧ ﻞﮑﺷ) ﺖﺷاد يرادﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺶﻫﺎﮐHFD

6 .(