LITERATURE REVIEW
2.2 Concepts of Policy Implementation
2.2.4 Analysis of Related Researches: Education Issues and Causal Factors of Policy Implementation Factors of Policy Implementation
achievement or failure of those policies. Next, it is about the analysis of previous studies in order to find multi-causal factors of policy implementation and educational gap of policy implementation.
Figure 2.7
Four Concepts of the Organization That Appears in the Theory of Policy Implementation
2.2.4 Analysis of Related Researches: Education Issues and Causal
developing many prototypes of policy implementation in different areas and situations. Therefore, all of three issues have often been combined in the study about results or efficiency of policy implementation or some researches might study rather than two issues. So, each issue has its detail as follows;
1) Finding causal factors of achievement or failure of policy implementation have been studied and analyzed for indicating successful or unsuccessful policy. If it reaches the achievement, what factors are driven. Otherwise, if it leads to failure, what factors are the obstacles or what factors are the source of implementation results. Therefore, it is necessary to seek the directions for related individuals in order to adapt knowledge or adjust towards the purposes that policy desires in the future. For instance, the study of C. D. Hall (2013) studied about reading policy into the practice as well as the factors and conditions that lead the policy to succeed. According to the sample group in leader level of Colorado area, it found that negative perception or attitudes influenced on facilitating that the performance leads reading policy to achieve. For the study of Pradtana Yossuk and Pongsakorn Kawichai (2017), it studied about problems, obstacles and suggestions of the concepts that are appropriate with the procedure of organic-agriculture towards the implementation through the process of qualitative research, participant observation, group discussion and in-depth interview. In addition, there are 40 interviewees from various related sectors. After interviewing, it found about the problems and obstacles of policy implementation that consist of uncertain policy and indicators, planning and separated operating, lack of stakeholders’ participation and the relations that cannot separate between politics, cultures, and structures as well as 124 studies and others.
As mentioned in the previous section, it is only part of the work that comes from the literature review in Table 2.1.
Table 2.1 Researches Based on Policy Implementation in the First Issue
Issue Creator/Year
Finding causal factors of achievement or failure of policy implementation
Akom Chaikeaw (1990); Alexander (1982); Ali (2006);
Allison and Zelikow (1971); Apostolopoulou and Pantis (2009); Attewell and Gerstein (1979); Attia (1999);
Bardach (1977); Baum (1992); Berman et al. (1977); Blair (1996); Brendehaug et al. (2017); Brinkerhoff (1996);
Chaiyon Praditsil (2013); Chanad Bhowbhandee (2002);
Chanapol Techvitul (2016, 2017); Chawadee Koson (2011); Chedsada Mingchai (2009); Choi (1991);
Chokbandransuk (2007); Chuluay Yaiswaswong (1998);
Crosby (1996); Dararat Kaewsalabsee (1999); Dodds (2007); Dodds and Butler (2010); Duangta Jatuporn
(2000); Duangta Promraksa (2015); Dusit Thamdee (2004);
Edward (1980); Erasmus and Gilson (2008); Fisun Yuksel (2002); Giacchino and Kakabadse (2003); Goggin et al.
(1990); Gong and Janssen (2012); C. D. Hall (2013); C. M.
Hall (2011); Hambleton (1983); Hanqin Zhang et al.
(2002); Hatsaya Pimsaket (2012); Honig (2004); Kachai Soprasert (1996); Kaewta Muangasame and McKercher (2015); Kalaba (2016); Kan Sekkhunthod (2009); Kenneth (2001); Kitti Boonnark (1993); Kitti Intharakul (2010); Kla Tongkow (1991); Koubida et al. (2017); Larson (1980);
Lawn-Day (1994); Lipsky (2010); C.-H. Liu et al. (2012);
Lundin (2007); Makawan Suwanaruang (1993); Makinde (2005); Manalo (2017); Markle (1988); Maxim (2016);
May and Winter (2007); Maytinee Bhongsvej, Juree Vichit-Vadakarn, and Tippawan Lorsuwannarat (2009);
Montjoy and O'Toole (1979); Nantasak Poolsuk (1996);
Napaporn Janchai (2015); Narunat Yãnaviriyo (2013);
Narupon Rattanasamaharn (2012); O'Toole Jr and Montjoy
Issue Creator/Year
(1984); Oramanee Soonthornnonta (2009); Oratai
Krutwaysho (2006); Oratai Krutwaysho and Bill Bramwell (2010); Orrawan Kummak (2011); Panidol Niyomka (2001); Paycharin Imphan (2006); Petcharat Saisombut (2008); Pisan Banchusuwan (2015); Pitts (2007);
Pornpimol Plangsrisakul (2013); Pradtana Yossuk and Pongsakorn Kawichai (2017); Praedau Foopanichpruk (2018); Prapussorn Yotaruk (2014); Prateep Natetaweewat (2008); Pressman and Wildavsky (1984); Rawipa
Homsettee (1998); Rojana Inkong (2014); Rumjuan Benjasiri (2002); Sabatier and Mazmanian (1979, 1980);
Sanchez (2003); Saowalak Wiboonkarn (2011); Sarochar Phraepasa (2014); Schroeder (2001); Sebring (1977);
Sirikarn Iamardharn (2011); Sirilucksm Tantayakul (2014);
Sorg (1983); Sunitda Tesniyom (1998); Supahp Chumrum (2013); Surachet Kantichapipat (2015); Suraporn Sainsalai (1996); Thanaporn Buakampa (2010); Thannaphat
Khotsing (2013); Theppasak Boonyarataphan (1993);
Thipvipa Thapvisarn (2010); Tongbai Sudcharee (1992);
Tsukada (1997); Tummers (2011, 2012); Tummers and Bekkers (2014); Tummers et al. (2012); Vallop Sauppan (2012); Van Meter and Van Horn (1975); Varanya
Rangseevanicharun (2012); Voradej Chandarasorn (2011);
Wang and Ap (2013); Wanna Jerupan (2008); Wansiri Wongsupaluk (1991); Watchara Promcharoen (1996);
Watcharin Sutthisai (2012); Watts (2009a, 2009b)
Total 126 studies
2) The study was about the context or content of policy implementation and procedure in each area, situation and sector. It is important to study the detail of policy deeply in various parts. In addition, it ought to begin with determining or planning the policy, related people or stakeholders, attributes of operation and the evaluation of policy implementation based on the procedure in order to analyze the sources of failure and propose the operational adjustments or study about factors or related elements in the future. For example, the study of Supahp Chumrum (2013) studied about the procedure of public policy that support and develop quality-of-life into the implementation as well as find the factors that influence on policy implementation in those mentioned matters to develop the suggestions in order to generate more efficient. In addition, the study of Thannaphat Khotsing (2013) studied about the procedure of deed-community policy into the implementation such as how about the process and what conditions that influence on the productivity of deed-community policy comprise of. Therefore, this study found that there are five processes of deed-community policy towards the implementation.
Additionally, the conditions that influence on the productivity of policy divided into six dimensions and nine conditions. Also, there are many directions of operating policy efficiently and effectively and there are 120 studies and so on.
As mentioned in the previous section, it is only part of the work that comes from the literature review in Table 2.2.
Table 2.2 Researches Based on Policy Implementation in the Second Issue
Issue Creator/Year
The study about the context or content of policy implementation and procedure in each area, situation and sector
Akom Chaikeaw (1990); Alexander (1982); Ali (2006);
Allison and Zelikow (1971); Apostolopoulou and Pantis (2009); Attewell and Gerstein (1979); Attia (1999);
Bardach (1977); Baum (1992); Berman et al. (1977); Blair (1996); Brendehaug et al. (2017); Brinkerhoff (1996);
Chaiyon Praditsil (2013); Chanad Bhowbhandee (2002);
Chanapol Techvitul (2016, 2017); Chanin Sriwisut (2017);
Chawadee Koson (2011); Chedsada Mingchai (2009);
Choi (1991); Chokbandransuk (2007); Chuluay
Issue Creator/Year
Yaiswaswong (1998); Crosby (1996); Dararat
Kaewsalabsee (1999); Dodds (2007); Dodds and Butler (2010); Duangta Jatuporn (2000); Duangta Promraksa (2015); Dusit Thamdee (2004); Edward (1980); Erasmus and Gilson (2008); Fisun Yuksel (2002); Giacchino and Kakabadse (2003); Goggin et al. (1990); Gong and Janssen (2012); C. D. Hall (2013); C. M. Hall (2011); Hambleton (1983); Hanqin Zhang et al. (2002); Hatsaya Pimsaket (2012); Honig (2004); Kachai Soprasert (1996); Kaewta Muangasame and McKercher (2015); Kalaba (2016); Kan Sekkhunthod (2009); Kenneth (2001); Kitti Boonnark (1993); Kitti Intharakul (2010); Kla Tongkow (1991);
Koubida et al. (2017); Larson (1980); Lawn-Day (1994);
Lipsky (2010); C.-H. Liu et al. (2012); Lundin (2007);
Makawan Suwanaruang (1993); Makinde (2005); Manalo (2017); Markle (1988); Matland (1995); Maxim (2016);
May and Winter (2007); Maytinee Bhongsvej et al. (2009);
Montjoy and O'Toole (1979); Nantasak Poolsuk (1996);
Napaporn Janchai (2015); Narunat Yãnaviriyo (2013);
Narupon Rattanasamaharn (2012); O'Toole Jr and Montjoy (1984); Oramanee Soonthornnonta (2009); Oratai
Krutwaysho (2006); Oratai Krutwaysho and Bill Bramwell (2010); Orrawan Kummak (2011); Panidol Niyomka (2001); Paycharin Imphan (2006); Petcharat Saisombut (2008); Pisan Banchusuwan (2015); Pornpimol
Plangsrisakul (2013); Pradtana Yossuk and Pongsakorn Kawichai (2017); Praedau Foopanichpruk (2018);
Prapussorn Yotaruk (2014); Prateep Natetaweewat (2008);
Pressman and Wildavsky (1984); Rawipa Homsettee (1998); Rodriguez et al. (2014); Rojana Inkong (2014);
Issue Creator/Year
Rumjuan Benjasiri (2002); Sabatier and Mazmanian (1979, 1980); Sanchez (2003); Saowalak Wiboonkarn (2011); Sarochar Phraepasa (2014); Schofield (2001);
Schroeder (2001); Sebring (1977); Sirikarn Iamardharn (2011); Sirilucksm Tantayakul (2014); Sorg (1983);
Spillane et al. (2002); Sunitda Tesniyom (1998); Supahp Chumrum (2013); Surachet Kantichapipat (2015);
Suraporn Sainsalai (1996); Thanaporn Buakampa (2010);
Thannaphat Khotsing (2013); Theppasak Boonyarataphan (1993); Thipvipa Thapvisarn (2010); Tongbai Sudcharee (1992); Tsukada (1997); Tummers (2011); Vallop Sauppan (2012); Van Meter and Van Horn (1975); Varanya
Rangseevanicharun (2012); Voradej Chandarasorn (2011);
Wang and Ap (2013); Wanna Jerupan (2008); Wansiri Wongsupaluk (1991); Watchara Promcharoen (1996);
Watcharin Sutthisai (2012); Watts (2009a, 2009b)
Total 122 studies
3) Creating and developing various prototypes of policy implementation in different areas and situations. This would mean that the study emphasized on the prototype development of policy implementation derived from the new creations or synthesized studies of popular academicians. Moreover, most was the operations through the views of organizational models based on the principles of deduction-theory (Voradej Chandarasorn, 2011) in order to seek the methods and directions for adjusting better policy, plan and implementation of the project. For instance, the study of Pornpimol Plangsrisakul (2013) analyzed the relationship path between policy factors and the achievement of implementation based on policy of educational quality assurance of Bangkok through studying the policy factors, analyzing the path of policy factors that influence on the achieved implementation based on policy and predicting the achievement. Furthermore, the study of Chaiyon Praditsil (2013) proposed the alternatives in theoretical framework of the policy
implementation for Thai society by utilizing the political-economic theory of Neo- Marxist instead of the theories from Western through criticizing the case study of family-planning policy until the political-economic models have been developed and 38 studies and others.
As mentioned in the previous section, it is only part of the work that comes from the literature review in Table 2.3.
Table 2.3 Researches Based on Policy Implementation in the Third Issue
Issue Creator/Year
Creating and developing various prototypes of policy implementation in different areas and situations
Akom Chaikeaw (1990); Alexander (1982); Allison and Zelikow (1971); Attewell and Gerstein (1979); Attia (1999); Blair (1996); Chaiyon Praditsil (2013); Chanad Bhowbhandee (2002); Chedsada Mingchai (2009); Choi (1991); Fisun Yuksel (2002); Hambleton (1983);
Hatsaya Pimsaket (2012); Kan Sekkhunthod (2009);
Kitti Boonnark (1993); C.-H. Liu et al. (2012); Matland (1995); Oramanee Soonthornnonta (2009); Oratai Krutwaysho (2006); Oratai Krutwaysho and Bill Bramwell (2010); Pornpimol Plangsrisakul (2013);
Pressman and Wildavsky (1984); Sabatier and Mazmanian (1979, 1980); Sirilucksm Tantayakul (2014); Sorg (1983); Spillane et al. (2002); Thannaphat Khotsing (2013); Theppasak Boonyarataphan (1993);
Tongbai Sudcharee (1992); Tsukada (1997); Tummers (2011, 2012); Tummers and Bekkers (2014); Tummers et al. (2012); Van Meter and Van Horn (1975); Voradej Chandarasorn (2011); Wang and Ap (2013); Watts (2009a, 2009b)
Total 40 studies
2.2.5 Analysis of Related Researches: Causal Factors That Affect on the