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Abstract A Survey of Health Promotion of Local Administrative Organizations Wilailuck Modmoltin*, Pornchai Sithisarankul**

*Lopburi Provincial Public Health Office, **Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University

The purpose of this descriptive study was to explore health promotion processes of Local Adminis- trative Organizations (LAOs). Data were collected by using mail questionnaires from May to December 2007. The subjects were 950 executives of LAOs obtained by stratification and simple random sampling.

¿Ÿ¡‘À≈—ß·≈–‡Àµÿº≈

“√¡’ ÿ¢¿“楒¡‘‰¥â¢÷ÈπÕ¬Ÿà°—∫æ—π∏ÿ°√√¡·≈–惵‘°√√¡

 ÿ¢¿“æ à«π∫ÿ§§≈‡∑à“π—Èπ À“°¬—ß¡’§«“¡‡°’ˬ«æ—π°—∫

ªí®®—¬µà“ßÊ¡“°¡“¬ ∑’ˇ√’¬°√«¡°—π«à“ ªí®®—¬°”Àπ¥ ÿ¢¿“æ (health determinants)^(Ò). ¥—ßπ—Èπ°“√¥Ÿ·≈·°â‰¢ªí≠À“¥â“π  ÿ¢¿“æ®÷߉¡àÕ“®¡ÿà߇πâπ∑’Ë°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√‡æ◊ËÕ°“√√—°…“欓∫“≈

‡æ’¬ß¥â“π‡¥’¬«®”‡ªìπµâÕß„Àâª√–™“™π¡’§«“¡√Ÿâ, ¡’ à«π√à«¡„π

°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë®–∑”„Àâ¡’ ÿ¢¿“«– ´÷Ëß„π°“√ª√–™ÿ¡∑’Ë

‡¡◊ÕßÕÕµµ“«“ ª√–‡∑»·§π“¥“ ‡¡◊ËÕ æ.». ÚıÚ˘ ‰¥âÕÕ°

°Æ∫—µ√ Ottawa Charter for Health Promotion ∂◊Õ‡ªìπ

∑’Ë¡“¢Õßπ‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÀ≈“¬ª√–‡∑»^(Ú)

‚¥¬°”Àπ¥¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ·π«„À¡à‰«â ı ª√–°“√ ‰¥â·°à Ò.°“√ √â“ßπ‚¬∫“¬ “∏“√≥–‡æ◊ËÕ ÿ¢¿“æ, Ú.°“√ √â“ß √√§å ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡∑’ˇÕ◊ÈÕµàÕ ÿ¢¿“æ, Û.°“√‡ √‘¡

 √â“ß°‘®°√√¡™ÿ¡™π„À⇢⡷¢Áß, Ù.°“√æ—≤π“∑—°…– à«π∫ÿ§§≈, ı.°“√ª√—∫‡ª≈’ˬπ√–∫∫∫√‘°“√ ÿ¢¿“æ^(Ú-Ù).  ”À√—∫ª√–‡∑»‰∑¬

·ºπæ—≤π“ ÿ¢¿“æ„π·ºπæ—≤𓇻√…∞°‘®·≈– —ߧ¡·Ààß™“µ‘

©∫—∫∑’Ë ˘ ¡’«‘ —¬∑—»πå„π°“√æ—≤π“ ÿ¢¿“殓°°“√√—°…“欓∫“≈

‡ªìπ°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„π∑ÿ° à«π¢Õß —ߧ¡·≈–∑ÿ°√–¥—∫^(ı).

∑—Èßπ’È √—∞∏√√¡πŸ≠·Ààßæ√–√“™Õ“≥“®—°√‰∑¬ æ.». ÚıÙ

°”Àπ¥„Àâ√—∞µâÕß°√–®“¬Õ”π“®„Àâ∑âÕß∂‘Ëπµ“¡ æ√∫.°”Àπ¥

·ºπ·≈–¢—ÈπµÕπ°“√°√–®“¬Õ”π“®„Àâ·°àÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π

∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ æ.». ÚıÙÚ^(ˆ) ‚¥¬∂à“¬‚Õπ¿“√°‘®„π°“√®—¥∫√‘°“√

 “∏“√≥–¢Õß√—∞´÷Ëߧ√Õ∫§≈ÿ¡∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥–∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß°—∫

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‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ (Õª∑.) ‰¥â·°à Õߧ尓√∫√‘À“√ à«π®—ßÀ«—¥ (Õ∫®.), ‡∑»∫“≈ ·≈–Õߧ尓√

∫√‘À“√ à«πµ”∫≈ (Õ∫µ.) ‚¥¬¡’«—µ∂ÿª√– ß§å‡æ◊ËÕ»÷°…“π‚¬∫“¬

·ºπß“π ‚§√ß°“√ °‘®°√√¡¥â“π°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ, ‡æ◊ËÕ

»÷°…“ªí®®—¬ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Àπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß, ·≈–‡æ◊ËÕ

»÷°…“ ¿“æªí≠À“ Õÿª √√§ ·≈–·π«∑“ß·°â‰¢ªí≠À“.

√–‡∫’¬∫«‘∏’»÷°…“

‡ªìπ°“√»÷°…“‡™‘ßæ√√≥π“ ≥ ®ÿ¥‡«≈“„¥‡«≈“Àπ÷Ëß (cross- sectional descriptive study) ‚¥¬ß“π«‘®—¬π’ȉ¥âºà“π§≥–

°√√¡°“√æ‘®“√≥“®√‘¬∏√√¡. °≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß §◊Õ ºŸâ∫√‘À“√¢Õß

Five hundred and thirty-two LAOs responded to the questionnaires (56.0 %). The results showed that the scores of LAOs’ health promotion processes were at a moderate level (54.5 %). The majority of LAOs did not have a division of public health in their organization’s structure (62.8 %), had a health promotion policy (51.7 %) but the specified policy constituted a real policy for only 7.5 percent of them, had health promotion plans/projects (95.7%), and supported budgets and materials for other institutes for health promotion processes (89.5%). However, health promotion processes were evaluated and used for im- provement in only 38.9 percent of the LAOs. The majority of LAOs did not receive materials and budgets from other institutes in 78.0 and 61.7 percent, respectively, but did receive mass media and knowledge in 70.3 and 65.4 percent of them, respectively. The LAOs needed support from the Thai Health Promotion Foundation, National Health Security Office and Provincial Public Health Offices in 94.0, 91.0, and 89.5 percent, respectively. Major problems in the health promotion processes of LAOs were a lack of public health personnel, budget and knowledge of health promotion.

The recommendations from this research are to integrate policies at the ministerial level, and to set the standards of health processes and evaluation in the same direction for all provinces, districts and subdistrict. The LAOs should establish a division of public health in their structure, enact local legislation concerning health promotion, support budget and health personnel, and train the leaders of LAOs about the vision of health promotion. Moreover, public health organizations should promote self-care, give advice and vigorously act as advisor of the LAOs in terms of health promotion.

Key words: health promotion, Local Administrative Organization

°

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„À≠à∑’Ë°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π à«π„À≠àÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫ Ÿß (µ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú).

¥â“πªí®®—¬ π—∫ πÿπæ∫«à“ Õª∑.√âÕ¬≈– ˜¯ ‰¡à‡§¬‰¥â

√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ¥â“π«— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å, ‰¡à‡§¬‰¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

¥â“πß∫ª√–¡“≥√âÕ¬≈– ˆÒ.˜, ·µà‡§¬‰¥â√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

¥â“π ◊ËÕµà“ß Ê √âÕ¬≈– ˜.Û, ·≈–¥â“πÕߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ√âÕ¬≈– ˆı.Ù.

 à«π„À≠à√âÕ¬≈– ˘˜.˘ µâÕß°“√√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Àπ૬

ß“πµà“ß Ê ‚¥¬µâÕß°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“° Û Àπ૬ߓπ·√° §◊Õ  ”π—°ß“π°Õß∑ÿπ π—∫ πÿπ°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ (   .),  ”π—°ß“πÀ≈—°ª√–°—π ÿ¢¿“æ·Ààß™“µ‘ ( ª ™.) ·≈– ”π—°ß“π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ (  ®.) √âÕ¬≈– ˘Ù., ˘Ò., ·≈– ¯˘.ı µ“¡≈”¥—∫ ‚¥¬µâÕß°“√√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ¥â“πß∫ª√–¡“≥®“°

   .·≈– ª ™.¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ·≈–µâÕß°“√√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ¥â“π Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ®“°  ®.   Õ. ‚√ß欓∫“≈  ∂“π’Õπ“¡—¬·≈–

‚√߇√’¬π ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ (µ“√“ß∑’Ë Û). ‡¡◊ËÕ®”·π°µ“¡ª√–‡¿∑Õߧå°√

æ∫«à“Õª∑. à«π„À≠àµâÕß°“√¥â“πÕߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ ¬°‡«âπ Õ∫µ.¢π“¥‡≈Á°∑’˵âÕß°“√¥â“πß∫ª√–¡“≥.

ªí≠À“/Õÿª √√§„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π∑’Ëæ∫¡“° Û Õ—π¥—∫·√°

‰¥â·°à ¢“¥∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

‚¥¬µ√ß„πÕߧå°√ ¢“¥ß∫ª√–¡“≥·≈–¢“¥Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ (µ“√“ß∑’Ë Ù) ‚¥¬Õ∫®. ‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊Õß ‡∑»∫“≈µ”∫≈ ·≈–Õ∫µ.¢π“¥

„À≠àæ∫ªí≠À“¢“¥∫ÿ§≈“°√,  à«πÕ∫µ.¢π“¥°≈“ß·≈–‡≈Á°

¢“¥ß∫ª√–¡“≥¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥. ªí≠À“Õ◊Ëπ Ê ∑’Ëæ∫¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥ §◊Õ ª√–™“™π‰¡à π„®‡√◊ËÕß ÿ¢¿“æ√âÕ¬≈– Ú˜.ˆ ´÷ËßÕª∑.‰¥â‡ πÕ

· π « ∑ “ ß · °â ‰ ¢ ªí ≠ À “ ‰ ¥â · °à ®— ¥ „ Àâ ¡’ ∫ÿ § ≈ “ ° √ ∑ “ ß ¥â “ π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‡æ‘Ë¡√âÕ¬≈– ÚÒ.,  à߇ √‘¡§«“¡√Ÿâ¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ„Àâ

·°àª√–™“™π·≈–ºŸâπ”™ÿ¡™π√âÕ¬≈– Ú. Àπ૬ߓπÀ≈—°§«√

®—¥ √√ß∫ª√–¡“≥‡æ‘Ë¡‡µ‘¡√âÕ¬≈– Ò˜.Ò, Ωñ°Õ∫√¡„À⧫“¡√Ÿâ

‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë¢Õß∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ√âÕ¬≈– Òı.Ú ·≈–°”Àπ¥√Ÿª·∫∫°“√

∑”ß“π√à«¡°—π„Àâ™—¥‡®π‚¥¬¡’°“√ª√– “πß“π·≈–√à«¡¡◊Õ

√–À«à“ßÀπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß√âÕ¬≈– ÒÙ.Û.

«‘®“√≥å

‡π◊ËÕß®“°‚§√ß √â“ߢÕßÕߧå°√ ∑”„ÀâÕª∑. à«π„À≠à‰¡à¡’

°Õß/ à«π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢ ¬°‡«âπ‡∑»∫“≈π§√·≈–‡∑»∫“≈‡¡◊Õß.

Õª∑. à«π„À≠à¡’ à«π√“™°“√À≈—° Û  à«π ‰¥â·°à  ”π—°ß“πª≈—¥,

°Õß/ à«π°“√§≈—ß, ·≈–°Õß/ à«π‚¬∏“. ¿“√°‘®ß“π à«π„À≠à

®÷߇ªìπ¿“√°‘®ß“π¢Õß‚§√ß √â“ßÀ≈—° °“√¥”‡π‘πß“πµ“¡

¿“√°‘®∑’Ë√—∫∂à“¬‚Õπ¥â“π ÿ¢¿“欗ߡ’¢âÕ®”°—¥À≈“¬¥â“π ∑—Èß„π

¥â“ππ‚¬∫“¬À≈—°, ∫ÿ§≈“°√∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫ß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢

‚¥¬µ√ß„πÕߧå°√, ß∫ª√–¡“≥, Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ √«¡∑—Èߧ«“¡‰¡à

™—¥‡®π„π·π«∑“ß°“√∂à“¬‚Õπ¿“√°‘®¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∑—ÈßÀπ૬

ß“πÀ≈—°, ºŸâ∂à“¬‚Õπ ·≈–Õª∑.ºŸâ√—∫∂à“¬‚Õπ. ®“°º≈°“√

»÷°…“· ¥ß«à“ Õª∑.¡’§«“¡µ◊Ëπµ—«µàÕ¿“√°‘®¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˉ¥â

√—∫∂à“¬‚Õπ ‡ÀÁπ‰¥â™—¥®“°„πªïß∫ª√–¡“≥∑’˺à“π¡“ Õª∑. à«π

„À≠à¡’√“¬®à“¬„π°“√®—¥∑”·ºπß“π/‚§√ß°“√¥â“π √â“ß

‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„πÕߧå°√‡Õß ·≈–¡’√“¬®à“¬„π°“√ π—∫ πÿπß∫

ª√–¡“≥/ «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å œ≈œ ‡æ◊ËÕ°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ„Àâ µ“√“ß∑’Ë Ú °“√¥”‡π‘πß“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ®”·π°µ“¡√–¥—∫§–·ππ·≈–ª√–‡¿∑Õߧå°√

ª√–‡¿∑Õߧå°√

√–¥—∫°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π Õ∫®. ∑π. ∑¡. ∑µ. Õ∫µ.„À≠à Õ∫µ.°≈“ß Õ∫µ.‡≈Á° √«¡

 √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ (ı˘ §π) (˜ §π) (ÒÙ §π) (ˆˆ §π) (Òı §π) (¯Ù §π) (Ú¯˜ §π) (ıÛÚ §π)

(§–·ππ) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–) ®π.(√âÕ¬≈–)  Ÿß (ÛÚ-Ùı) Ò˘ (ÛÚ.Ú) Ù (ı˜.Ò) ˆ (ÙÚ.˘) Ò˜ (Úı.¯) ˜ (Ùˆ.˜) Ú˜ (ÛÚ.Ò) ˆ (Ú.˘) ÒÙ (Úˆ.Û) ª“π°≈“ß (Ò¯-ÛÒ) Úˆ (ÙÙ.Ò) Ú (Ú¯.ˆ) ¯ (ı˜.Ò) Ûˆ (ıÙ.ı) ı (ÛÛ.Û) Ù¯ (ı˜.Ò) Òˆı (ı˜.ı) Ú˘ (ıÙ.ı) µË” (Ù-Ò˜) ÒÙ (ÚÛ.˜) Ò (ÒÙ.Û)  () ÒÛ (Ò˘.˜) Û (Ú.) ˘ (Ò.˜) ˆÚ (ÚÒ.ˆ) ÒÚ (Ò˘.Ú) µ“√“ß∑’Ë Ò °“√¥”‡π‘πß“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ ®”·π°µ“¡ª√–‡¿∑Õߧå°√

ª√–‡¿∑Õߧå°√

ª√–‡¥Áπ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π Õ∫®. ‡∑»∫“≈ ‡∑»∫“≈ ‡∑»∫“≈ Õ∫µ. Õ∫µ. Õ∫µ. ¿“æ

 √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ π§√ (∑π.) ‡¡◊Õß (∑¡.) µ”∫≈ (∑µ.) „À≠à °≈“ß ‡≈Á° √«¡

Ò. π‚¬∫“¬°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ Ûˆ.˜ ˜Ò.Ù ˆÒ.˘ ıÒ.¯ ıÒ.Ò Ù.˘ Ûı.Ù Ù.Ò Ú. ∫√√¬“°“»¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ„πÕߧå°√ ˜ˆ.Û ¯˜.ı ¯¯.Ù ¯Ù.ı ¯Ò.˜ ¯ˆ.Û ¯.˜ ¯Ò.˘

Û.  ¿“æ·«¥≈âÕ¡∑“ß°“¬¿“æ ˜Ù.¯ ˜¯.ˆ ˜˜.˜ ˜Ò. ˜Û.Û ¯Ò.¯ ˜ı.˘ ˜ˆ.Ò

Ù. «‘∂’°“√¥”‡π‘π™’«‘µ·≈–∑—°…–¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§≈“°√ Ù.Ù ı. ÙÛ.˘ Ûı.Ù ÙÚ.Ù Ù˜.Ò Ù.˘ Ù¯.Û

ı. ∫√‘°“√¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æÕπ“¡—¬ Ùı.ˆ ˜Ù.ˆ ˆÒ.Ò ÙÚ.Ù ı.Ù Ùı.Ù ÛÙ.¯ Ù.Û

ˆ. º≈°√–∑∫µàÕ ‘Ëß·«¥≈âÕ¡¿“¬πÕ° ˆı.Û Ò. ¯Ú.Ò ˜Ú.˜ ¯. ¯Ò.ı ˜Û.ı ˜Ù.ı

230 Àπ૬ߓπÕ◊Ëπ‡ªìπÕ¬à“ß¡“°, ·µà°“√ª√–‡¡‘πº≈°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π  √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ·≈–π”¡“ª√—∫ª√ÿß·°â‰¢¬—ß¡’πâÕ¬‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈–

Û¯.˘, °“√°”Àπ¥π‚¬∫“¬¥â“π°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß Õߧå°√¡’‡æ’¬ß√âÕ¬≈– Ù.Ò, ·≈–¬—ßæ∫«à“¢âÕ§«“¡/ “√–

 ”§—≠¢Õßπ‚¬∫“¬∑’Ë√–∫ÿ¡“π—Èπ‡ªìππ‚¬∫“¬®√‘߇撬ß√âÕ¬≈– ˜.ı

¢Õß°≈ÿࡵ—«Õ¬à“ß∑—ÈßÀ¡¥ ®÷ßÕ“® àߺ≈„Àâ°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π‰¡à ª√– ∫º≈ ”‡√Á®‡∑à“∑’˧«√ ´÷Ëß Õ¥§≈âÕß°—∫∫∑ √ÿª¢Õߪ√– ‘∑∏‘Ï

≈’√–æ—π∏å ·≈–§≥–^(ÒÒ) ∑’Ë°≈à“««à“°“√¡’π‚¬∫“¬ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢

¿“æ¢ÕßÕߧå°√‡ªìπ ‘Ëß®”‡ªìπ„π°“√°”Àπ¥∑‘»∑“ß·≈– √â“ß

‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢„Àâ “¡“√∂∑”ß“π‰¥â. ®“°¢âÕ®”°—¥¥—ß°≈à“«®÷ßæ∫«à“

µ“√“ß∑’Ë Û §«“¡µâÕß°“√√—∫°“√ π—∫ πÿπ®“°Àπ૬ߓπ∑’ˇ°’ˬ«¢âÕß ®”·π°µ“¡ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’˵âÕß°“√°“√ π—∫ πÿπ

ª√–‡¥Áπ∑’ËÕª∑.µâÕß°“√°“√ π—∫ πÿπ (µÕ∫‰¥â¡“°°«à“ Ò ª√–‡¥Áπ) (§à“√âÕ¬≈–)

Àπ૬ߓπ ß∫ª√–¡“≥ «— ¥ÿÕÿª°√≥å Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ  ◊ËÕµà“ß Ê ¥â“πÕ◊Ëπ Ê ¿“æ√«¡

   . ¯Ò.Ú ı˘.Ú ıˆ.Ú ıÙ. Ù. ˘Ù.

 ª ™. ˜ı.¯ Û¯.Ú Ù¯.Ò Û˘.˘ Ú.ı ˘Ò.

  ®. ˆ.Ò Û˘.Ò ˆÒ.Û Ùˆ. ˆ.˘ ¯˘.ı

  Õ. ıÒ.ˆ ÛÙ.Ú ıˆ.˜ Ù.¯ Òˆ.Ò ˜ˆ.˘

‚√ß欓∫“≈ ÛÛ. Ú˘.ˆ ı¯.¯ Û˜.Ù Ú˜.¯ ˜Ú.˘

 ∂“π’Õπ“¡—¬ . ÛÛ.Ù ıı.Û Ûˆ.ı Ú˘.Ù ıı.Ò

‚√߇√’¬π . ÛÒ.˘ ı. ÛÙ.Ò ÛÙ.ˆ ÛÙ.Ú

µ“√“ß∑’Ë Ù √–¥—∫§«“¡ ”§—≠¢Õߪí≠À“/Õÿª √√§„π°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢ÕßÕª∑.

§–·ππ√«¡ §à“‡©≈’ˬ √âÕ¬≈–¢Õß√–¥—∫§«“¡ ”§—≠

ªí≠À“

ÚÒÚ¯ §–·ππ πâÕ¬∑’Ë ÿ¥ πâÕ¬ ¡“° ¡“°∑’Ë ÿ¥

Ò. °√–∫«π°“√„π°“√ÕÕ°¢âÕ∫—≠≠—µ‘ / ‡∑»∫—≠≠—µ‘¥â“π°“√ ÒÒˆı Ú.Ò˘ Úı.Ú ÙÒ.˜ ÚÚ. ÒÒ.Ò  √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ

Ú. ∫ÿ§≈“°√„πÕߧå°√∑’Ë√—∫º‘¥™Õ∫°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π “∏“√≥ ÿ¢‚¥¬µ√ß ÒÛ˜ Ú.ı¯ ÚÚ.Ú Ú˜.Ò ÚÒ.¯ Ú¯.˘

Û. ß∫ª√–¡“≥„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ÒÛÛ¯ Ú.ıÚ ÒÛ.˘ Û˜.Ú ÛÚ.Û Òˆ.ı

Ù. Õߧ姫“¡√Ÿâ„π°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ÒÛÛˆ Ú.ıÒ ˘.¯ ÙÚ.Ò Ûı.Û ÒÚ.¯

ı. °“√‰¥â√—∫¢âÕ¡Ÿ≈¢à“« “√¥â“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ÒÚÙı Ú.ÛÙ ÒÛ. Ù˜. ÛÛ.Ò ˜.

ˆ. °“√Ωñ°Õ∫√¡‡°’ˬ«°—∫ß“π¥â“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ÒÚ¯ Ú.ÙÒ Òı.Ú Ù.Ú ÛÛ.Û ÒÒ.Û

˜.  ◊ËÕ¥â“π°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ ÒÚÙ¯ Ú.Ûı ÒÛ.Ú Ùˆ.Ú ÛÛ.ı ˜.Ò

¯. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°∫ÿ§≈“°√„πÕߧå°√ ÒÒÚˆ Ú.ÒÚ Úˆ.˘ Ù.¯ Úˆ.Ò ˆ.Ú

˘. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°°≈ÿà¡ Õ ¡. ÒÒÒˆ Ú.Ò Úˆ.˘ ÙÛ.¯ ÚÚ. ˜.Û

Ò. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°ª√–™“™π ÒÒ¯ı Ú.ÚÛ Ú.Û ÙÙ.ı Ú˜.Û ˜.˘

ÒÒ. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë ∂“π’Õπ“¡—¬ ÒÒ˘ Ú.¯ ÛÚ.ı Ûı.ı ÚÚ.˘ ˘.

ÒÚ. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢Õ”‡¿Õ ÒÒÙÛ Ú.Òı ÚÛ.ı ÙÙ.Ú Úˆ.Û ˆ.

ÒÛ. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°‡®â“Àπâ“∑’Ë “∏“√≥ ÿ¢®—ßÀ«—¥ ÒÒı˘ Ú.Ò¯ ÚÒ.ˆ Ùı.Ò Ú˜.Ò ˆ.Ú

ÒÙ. §«“¡√à«¡¡◊Õ®“°‚√߇√’¬π Ò˘˘ Ú.˜ Ú˘.Û ÙÒ.˜ ÚÚ. ˜.

Õª∑. à«π„À≠à°“√¥”‡π‘πß“π √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“欗ßÕ¬Ÿà„π√–¥—∫

ª“π°≈“ß ·≈–¡ÿà߇πâ𥔇π‘πß“πµ“¡Õ”π“®Àπâ“∑’Ë¥â“π°“√„Àâ

∫√‘°“√ “∏“√≥–„π™ÿ¡™π¡“°°«à“°“√ √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß

∫ÿ§≈“°√„πÕߧå°√Õ¬à“߇ÀÁπ‰¥â™—¥ ´÷ËßÀ“°Õª∑.‡æ‘Ë¡°“√æ—≤π“

∑—°…–¥â“π ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß∫ÿ§≈“°√„πÕߧå°√µ“¡¬ÿ∑∏»“ µ√å¢Õß

°Ø∫—µ√ÕÕµµ“«“^(Ú-Ù) §«∫§Ÿà‰ª¥â«¬ ®–𔉪 Ÿà°“√‡ªìπÕߧå°√

 √â“߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’ˇ¢â¡·¢Áß·≈–‡ªìπµ—«Õ¬à“ߥâ“π°“√ √â“ß

‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ∑’Ë¥’„Àâ°—∫ª√–™“™π„πæ◊Èπ∑’ˇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ¢Õß

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¿“æ„Àâ∑ÿπ π—∫ πÿπ°“√«‘®—¬ (‡≈¢∑’Ë ı--ıˆı).

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Û.  ÿ√‡°’¬√µ‘ Õ“™“π“πÿ¿“æ. «‘«—≤π“°“√°“√ à߇ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“æ√–¥—∫

π“π“™“µ‘. æ‘¡æå§√—Èß∑’Ë Ú. °√ÿ߇∑æ¡À“π§√:  ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬√–∫∫

 “∏“√≥ ÿ¢; ÚıÙÒ.

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 ∂“∫—π«‘®—¬√–∫∫ “∏“√≥ ÿ¢, ÚıÙÒ.

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·Ààß™“µ‘ ©∫—∫∑’Ë ˘ æ.». ÚıÙı - ÚıÙ˘. π‚¬∫“¬·≈–·ºπ  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢. Ù(Ò-Ú):Ù˘-˜.

ˆ.  ”π—°ß“π§≥–°√√¡°“√°√–®“¬Õ”π“®„Àâ·°àÕߧå°√ª°§√Õß à«π

∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ. √“™°‘®®“πÿ‡∫°…“ ‡≈à¡ ÒÒˆ, µÕπ∑’Ë ÒÒÙ °. : æ√–√“™

∫—≠≠—µ‘°”Àπ¥·ºπ·≈–¢—ÈπµÕπ°“√°√–®“¬Õ”π“®·°àÕߧå°√

ª°§√Õß à«π∑âÕß∂‘Ëπ æ.». ÚıÙÚ. (≈ß«—π∑’Ë Ò˜ 惻®‘°“¬π æ.».

ÚıÙÚ). ÚıÙÚ.

˜. Lemeshow S, Hosmer WD, Jr., Klar J, Lawanga Ks. Adequacy of sample size in health studies. Geneva: World Health Organization, 1990: 41-86.

¯. Sithisarankul P, Punpeng T, Boonchoo S, Baikrai U. Healthy workplace indicators in Thailand. Asian - Pacific Newsletter on Occupational Health and Safety. 2002; 9(3): 59-61.

˘. Sithisarankul P, Punpeng T, Boonchoo S, Baikrai U. Healthy workplace indicators in Thailand : Phase 2 (A pilot study). ®æ ∑ ÚıÙˆ; ¯ˆ:Ú˜Ò-¯Û.

Ò. Õ«¬æ√ ‡√◊Õßµ√–°Ÿ≈.  ∂‘µ‘°“√»÷°…“¢—Èππ”«‘™“ Ú˜ÚÒÛ (‡Õ° “√ª√–°Õ∫°“√ Õπ): »Ÿπ¬åµ”√“·≈–‡Õ° “√∑“ß«‘™“°“√ §≥–

§√ÿ»“ µ√å ®ÿÓ≈ß°√≥å¡À“«‘∑¬“≈—¬; ÚıÙ. net/tambol/manage3.asp ÒÒ. ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï ≈’√–æ—π∏å, ‡æÁ≠ª√–¿“ »‘«‘‚√®πå, ≈—°¢≥“ ‡µ‘¡»‘√‘°ÿ≈™—¬,

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‡ √‘¡ ÿ¢¿“楒‡¥àπ : ∫∑‡√’¬π‡æ◊ËÕ°“√æ—≤π“ [ÕÕπ‰≈πå]. Úıı.

[‡¢â“∂÷߇¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë Ú ¡’π“§¡ Úıı] ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ : http://library.hsri.or.th/

th/index.php

ÒÚ. ∑πß»—°¥‘Ï ¡≥’√—µπå. ªí ® ®— ¬ ∑’Ë ¡’ º ≈ µà Õ ° “ √ ª √ –   “ π ß “ π ¥â “ π  “∏“√≥ ÿ¢¢Õß ∂“π’Õπ“¡—¬°—∫Õߧ尓√∫√‘À“√ à«πµ”∫≈ ®—ßÀ«—¥

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Úıı. [‡¢â“∂÷߇¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë Òı 惻®‘°“¬π Úıı] ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ : http:/

/library.hsri.or.th/ abs/res/hs1163t.doc

ÒÙ. ª√– ‘∑∏‘Ï ≈’√–æ—π∏å, √ÿ®‘π“∂ Õ√√∂ ‘…∞.  ∂“π°“√≥å·≈–‡ß◊ËÕπ‰¢

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∂÷߇¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë Ù  ‘ßÀ“§¡ Úıı] ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ : http://library.hsri.or.th/

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Ò. «‘æÿ∏ æŸ≈‡®√‘≠. √à“ߢâÕ‡ πÕ√–∫∫·≈–°≈‰°°“√æ—≤π“π‚¬∫“¬

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∑’Ë Ò-Ú æƒ»®‘°“¬π Úıı.

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Úıı. [‡¢â“∂÷߇¡◊ËÕ«—π∑’Ë Ú ¡’π“§¡ Úıı] ·À≈àß∑’Ë¡“ : http://