ﻗﺎﻋﺪﺓ ﺳﺪ ﺍﻟﺬﺭﺍﺋﻊ ﻭﺗﻄﺒﻴﻘﺎﻬﺗﺎ ﺧﻼﻝ ﺟﺎﺋﺤﺔ ﻛﻮﺭﻭﻧﺎ

E-ISSN 2788-5534 / ISSN 2788-5526

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗﻭ

: ﺍﺮﻗ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺕﺍﺭ

ﺎﺟﺫﻮﳕﺃ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ

THE PRINCIPLE OF SADD AL-DHARĀ’I‘ (BLOCKING THE PERMISSIBLE MEANS TO EVIL) ITS

APPLICATIONS DURING THE CORONA PANDEMIC: A CASE STUDY ON SOME REGULATIONS OF WORLD’S

GOVERNMENTS¹ ﻒﻴﺳ ﺭﺍﻮﻧﻷﺍ

ﺔﻔﻴﻠﺧ ﻦﺑ ﺪﲪ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ -

ﺮﻄﻗ

SAEPUL ANWAR

Hamad Bin Khalifa University, Qatar

ﳌﺍ ﺺﺨﻠ ﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﰲ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻉﺮﺸﻳ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﺎﻫﺭﺎ

ﺎﻓﺩﺎﻫ

ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻯﺪﻣ ﻑﺎﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻟﺍ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ

ﺔﻌﻗﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘ

ﺟ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺃ :ﻻﻭﺃ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻴﺿﺮﻓ ﻦﻣﻭ ،ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎ ﺪﺳ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻥ

ﻉﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﻣﺮﺣ ﺎﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ

، ﻻ ﱴﺣ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﻫﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﰲﻭ

ﺗﻭ ﻉﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻖﻴﻴﻀﺗ ﰲ ﺍﻮﻌﻘﻳ .ﺔﻳﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻕﻮﻘﳊﺍ ﻖﻴﻴﻀ

ﺃ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﰲ ﺍﻮﻔﻠﺘﺧﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻥ

ﻜﻟﻭ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺑ ﻩﺬﺧﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺍﻮﺒﻫﺫ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ﻊﻣ ﺢﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﻦ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ

"

ﺪﺻﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻢﻜﺣ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺣ

"

:ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ . ﺮﻬﻈﺗ

ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ

ﻞﺜﻣ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﺪﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺮﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻜﺳ ﻝﻮﺧﺩ ﻊﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﱂ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭ

ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺕﺮﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻔﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗﻭ ،ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺮﺸﺘﻨﺗ ﺐﻛﺍﺮﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻛﺎﻣﻷﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻣﺎﻤﻜﻟﺍ ﻊﻠﺧ ﻊﻨﻣﻭ ﺏﺭﺎﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ ،ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ

(1) Article received: January 2021; article accepted: March 2021

ﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ

؛ﺔ ءﺍﺪﻋﺇ ﱃﺇ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺫ ﺎ�ﻮﻛ ﻊﻣ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺭﻮﻣﺃ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﰲ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺎﻓ

ﻓﻮﻛ ﺱﻭﲑﻔﺑ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﺪﻴ

ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟ ﺍﺪﺳ ﺔﻋﻮﻨﳑ ﺖﺤﺒﺻﺄﻓ19 .

Abstract:

This research proceeds to study the issue of sadd al-dharīʿah as one of legislation evidence. This research aims to discover the extent of application of sad al-ḏarīʿaḥ in contemporary issues, especially issues during the Corona pandemic. the hypotheses of this research are: first: sad al-is to close all intermediaries that cause someone to do something that is forbidden, in its application he must meet the requirements determined by the fiqh experts, so it is not to get caught up in something that narrows human rights. Second: Jurisprudence experts differ in terms of taking sad al-ḏarīʿah as a source of law, but a strong opinion is that which makes sad al-ḏarīʿah a source of law, on the basis of ḥukm al-wasāʾil bi i’tibār ḥukm al-maqāṣid Third:

The effectiveness of the application of sadd al-dharī’ah can be seen in several government regulations made during the pandemic, such as a ban on entry for residents who come from countries where the pandemic is spreading, a ban on traveling to countries where the pandemic is spreading, and a ban on being close together and removing masks in public places.

ﺕﺎﻤﻠﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺍﺪﻟﺍ

: ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ،ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ،ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ

ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ،

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ،ﺔﻴﻣﻮﻜﳊﺍ .

Keywords: Sadd Al-Dharī’ah, Islamic Jurisprudence, Applications of sadd Al-Dharī’ah, Government, Regulations, Pandemic

ﺔﻣﺪﻘﳌﺍ :

ﺄﺑ ﺎﻨﻴﻠﻋ ﻢﻌﻧﺃ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻟﻠﻪ ﺪﻤﳊﺍ ﺮﺋﺎﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺎﻨﻠﻀﻓﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺴﺣﻹﺍ ﻒﺋﺎﻄﻟﻭ ﻢﻌﻨﻟﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧ

ﻞﻠﳌﺍ ﲑﲞ ﺙﻮﻌﺒﳌﺍ ﺪﻤﳏ ﺎﻧﺪﻴﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻡﻼﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺓﻼﺼﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻥﺎﻴﺒﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﻠﻌﺘﺑ ﻪﻘﻠﺧ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻥﺎﻳﺩﻷﺍﻭ ﺁﻪﻟ

ﺎﳝﻹﺍ ﱂﺎﻌﻣ ﺭﻭﺪﺑ ﻪﺑﺎﺤﺻﺃﻭ

؛ﻥﺎﻓﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﱂﺍﻮﻋ ﺱﻮﴰﻭ ﻥ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺎﻣﺃ

..

ﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔ

ﰲ

،ﻪﺘﻴﺠﺣ ﻓ ﺾﻌﺒ

،ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻪﻠﺣﺃ ﺎﻣ ﱘﺮﲢ ﰲ ﺍﻮﻌﻘﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺔﻓﺎﳐ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻪﻧﻭﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﻻ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻪﺘﻠﺜﻣﺃ ﺩﻭﺭﻮﻟ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﺑ ﺍﻭﺬﺧﺃ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﺾﻌﺑﻭ .ﻡﺍﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﺃﻭ ﻒﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍﻭ ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ -

ﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﰲ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﻪﺑ ﺍﻭﺬﺧﺃ ﻦﻳﺬﻟ

- ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻢﺘﻳ

ﻉﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﻣﺮﺣ ﺎﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻟﻭ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﰲ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﻊﻨﲟ ﺎﻣ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺮﻳ ﻢﻫﻭ ،

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻪﻣﺮﺣ ﺪﺴﻔﻣ

ﺩﺎﺒﻌﻠﻟ ﻢﳍ ﺮﻀﻣﻭ

ّﺪﺴﻓ ، ّﺮﻀﻳ ﺎﻣ ﱃﺇ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ

ﻊﻣ ﻰﺷﺎﻤﺘﻳ

ﻟﺍ ﻊﻓﺩ ﰲ ﻉﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺪﺼﻘﻣ ﺮﻀ

،ﻢﻬﻨﻋ ﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺍﻭﱪﺘﻋﺍ ﺱﺎﺳﻷﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﺔﺠﺣ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟ

.ﻢﺗﻬﺍﺩﺎﻬﺘﺟﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻳﻮﻗ ﻼﻴﻟﺩﻭ ﺎﻣﺃ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﻪﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺍﻮﻀﻓﺭ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻓ

ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺪﻟ ﺍﺪﻳﺪﲤ ﻪﻧﻭﱪﺘﻌﻴ

ﺏﺎﺑ ﻡﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﺪﻳﺪﲤﻭ ،ﻡﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﻟﻠ

ﻉﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻪﻣﺮﳛ ﱂ ﺎﻣ ﱘﺮﲢ ﰲ ﻉﻮﻗﻮ ﺔﻠﲨ ﻦﻣ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ،

ﻲﻬﻨﻣ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ،ءﺍﺪﺘﻋﻻﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻟﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﻪﻨﻋ

،ﺎﻋﺮﺷ ﻭ ﺔﻳﻵﺎﺑ ﺍﻮﻟﺪﺘﺳﺍ :

ﱡ ﱪ ﱫ ﱬ

ﱭ ﱮ ﱯ ﱰ ﱱ ﱲ ﱳ ﱴ ﱶﱵ ﱷ ﱸ ﱹ

ﱺ ﱻ ﱼ

ﱠ

] :ﺓﺪﺋﺎﳌﺍ ٨٧ [.

ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﳉﺍﻭ ﺪﻴﻓﻮﻛ ﺱﻭﲑﻓ ﻥﺃ

ﺭﺮﺿ ﻪﻟ ﺔﻘﺋﺎﻓ ﺔﻋﺮﺴﺑ ﺮﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ 19 ﻢﻴﻈﻋ

،ﻱﺮﺸﺒﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻈﻧﻷﺍ ﺖﻤﻈﻧﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺬﺧﺃ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺤﻓ

ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﺱﻭﲑﻔﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ

، ﻚﻠﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻧﺮﻈﻧ ﻮﻟﻭ

ﻚﻠﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻥﺃ ﺪﺠﻨﺳ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺎﻬﺘﻠﻜﺷ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻈﻧﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ .ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻥﻮﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﺎﻬﺴﺳﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻤﻈﻧﻷﺍﻭ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﳘﺃﻭ ﺔﻌﻗﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺒﻓ

،

ﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﻒﺸﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﺪﻋ

" ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺔﻴﺜﲝ ﺔﻗﺭﻭ ﺐﺘﻜﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﻳ ،ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺾﻌﺑ" ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺎﺗﻬﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗﻭ

"ﺎﺟﺫﻮﳕﺃ . :ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺪﻬﻠﻟ ﺍﺮﻈﻧ ﺎﻤﻬﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺪﻳﺮﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻑ

ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻞﺻﻮﺘﻳ ﻒﺸﻜﻟﺍ ﻮﻫﻭ

ﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓﻭ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻴﺠﺣ ﺔﻴﺤﺟﺭﺃ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔ

ﰲ ﺔﻤﻬﳌﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺬﺧﺃ ﰲ

ﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﱐﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ . :ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻜﺷﺇ ﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﺯﺎﳒﻹﻭ ﰐﻵﺍ ﻝﺍﺆﺴﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻖﻠﻄﻨﻳ ﺔﻴﺜ

ﻒﻴﻛ : ﻥﺎﻛ ﺭﺍﺪﻘﻣ

ﺍ ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ ءﺭﺪﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺔﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻣﺎﻜﻟ

ﺪﻴﻓﻮﻛ ﺱﻭﲑﻓ

؟19

:ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﻬﻨﻣ ﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﻮﻬﻓ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺯﺎﳒﺇ ﰲ ﻪﻴﻠﻋ ﺪﻤﺘﻋﺄﺳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺞﻬﻨﳌﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ ﻲﻔﺻﻮ

ﻟﺍ ﻲﻠﻴﻠﺤﺘ

؛ ﺩﺭﻭ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺭﺩﺎﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﻊﺟﺍﺮﳌﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﺑ ﻚﻟﺫﻭ ﺕ

ﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﻘﻠﻌﺘﳌ

ﺎﺗﻬﺬﺧﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﺑﻭ ،ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﺑ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺾﻌﺑ

ﻝﻼﺧ

ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻞﻴﻠﻘﺗ ﻭﺃ ﻑﺎﻘﻳﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ .ﺎﻴﻠﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﺎﻔﺻﻭ ﺎﻬﻔﺻﻭ ﰒ ،

ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ .ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻤﻈﻧﺄﺳ ﺔﻴﺜﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻗﺭﻮﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫﻭ

.ﺎﺣﻼﻄﺻﺍﻭ ﺔﻐﻟ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﻦﻋ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ

.ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﺴﻗﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ :

ﺪﻨﻋ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻴﺠﺣ ﻦﻋ ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ

. :ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍﻭ

ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ ﻦﻋ ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ

ﺍ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺕ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺩ ﰲ ﻪﺘﻴﻟﺎﻌﻓﻭ

ء ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ ﺪﻴﻓﻮﻛ ﺱﻭﲑﻓ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻨﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ . 19

ﺍ :ﺔﻘﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺳﺍﺭﺪﻟ "ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﻉﻮﺿﻮﻣ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﺔﻐﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﳘﺃ ﺍﺫ ﺎﻋﻮﺿﻮﻣ

،ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻋﺍﻮﻗ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ءﺎﻣﺪﻘﻟﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﺍ ﺓﺮﺜﻛ ،ﻚﻟﺫ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍﻭ

ﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﲔﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﺓﺮﺜﻛﻭ ،ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻉﻮﺿﻮﲟ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻦﻋ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻦﻳ

،ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺩﺪﻋ ﻙﺎﻨﻫﻭ

ﺎﻫﺰﳒﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ "ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺙﻮﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ

ﺍ ﻭ ،ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ ﻥﻭﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﺜﺣﺎﺒﻟ :ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ

ﺪﺴﻟ ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ" ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺏﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﻮﻄﻣ ﺚﲝ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻝﻮﻄﳌﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﰲ .ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﺟ ﻦﻣ ﻦﲪﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻠﻟ "ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﺼﻔﺗ ﱃﺇ ﻕّﺮﻄﺗ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺔﻌﺑﺭﻷﺍ ﺐﻫﺍﺬﳌﺍ ﰲ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻞﻴ

ﻒﺸﻜﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺗﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺎﺣ ﻚﻟﺫ ﺪﻌﺑﻭ ،ﻼﻣﺎﻛ ﻼﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﻦﻋ

ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ

ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ،ﻡﺎﺣﺭﻷﺍ ﲑﺟﺄﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﻴﺒﻄﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻤﻈﻌﻣ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ﱵﻟﺍ

ﻭ ،ﺮﺧﺁ ﱃﺇ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﺇ ﻦﻣ ﻡﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻘﻧﻭ ﱃﺇ ﻲﺣ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﺇ ﻦﻣ ءﺎﻀﻋﻷﺍ ﻞﻘﻧ

ﺮﺧﺁ ﺎﻬﻀﻌﺑﻭ ،

.ﺝﺎﺠﳊﺍ ﺩﺍﺪﻋﺃ ﺪﻳﺪﲢﻭ ،ﻥﺎﺘﺴﻧﺎﻐﻓﺃ ﰲ ﺍﺫﻮﺑ ﻞﻴﺛﺎﲤ ﲑﻣﺪﺗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺓﺩﺎﺒﻌﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻣﺄﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﻳ ﺪﻌﺑﻭ

ﻝّﻮﻄﳌﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﺓءﺍﺮﻗ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﲔﺑ ﻕﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺮﻬﻈﻳ

،ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ﻝﻮﻄﳌا

ﻝﻼﺧ ﻊﻘﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻕّﺮﻄﺘﻳ ﱂ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ﺭﻮﺘﻛﺪﻟﺍ ﻩﺰﳒﺃ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﻄﳌﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺎﻓ ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻗّﺮﻄﺗ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ ،

ﺮﺼﻋ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻗﺍﻮﻟﺍ

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ .

:ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺚﲝ :

"sadd al-dharāi’: Konsep dan Aplikasi Manajemen Pendidikan"

ﻩﺰﳒﺃ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻟﺍ

ﺚﺣﺎﺒ .ﺎﻴﺴﻴﻧﻭﺪﻧﺈﺑ "ﻱﻭﻮﻨﻟﺍ" ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎﳉﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲔﻠﺼﻣ ﻞﻠﳏ ﺰﻛﺮﻳ

ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﺳﺍﺭﺩ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﻄﻳ ﱂ ﻪﻨﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﻞﺑ ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺎﻬﻘﺒ

ﰲ ﺎﻬﻘﺒﻃ ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺆﺸﻟﺍ

ﻭ ، ﻥﺃ ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻯﺮﻳ ﻣﺎﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻂﻴﻄﺨﺘﻟﺍ

ﺖ ﻪﺑ

ﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻊﻣ ﻖﻓﺍﻮﺘﻣ ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﺴﺳﺆﳌﺍ ﻭ .ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﻪﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓ

ﻕﺮﻔﻟﺍ

ﻪﺒﺘﻛ ﺎﻣ ﲔﺑ ﻟﺍﺒ

ﻦﻤﻜﻳ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﰲ ﺐﺘﻜﻴﺳ ﺎﻣﻭ ﺚﺣﺎ ﻃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ

ﺖﻘﺒ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ

ﻖﺒﻃ ﺪﻘﻓ ؛ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻟﺍ

ﺚﺣﺎﺒ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ ﺔﻳﻮﺑﺮﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺆﺸﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ

ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ .ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺔﻬﺟﺍﻮﳌ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﰲ

:ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻥﺍﻮﻨﻌﺑ ﺚﲝ :

"the implementation of sadd al-dharī’ah on muamalah akad"

ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻩﺰﳒﺃ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻣ ﻦﻳﺮﺟﺎﻬﻣ

ﳉﺍ ﻦ

،ﺎﺗﺮﻛﺎﲜ ﺔﻳﺪﻣﺎﳊﺍ ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻣﺎ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

ءﺍﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻊﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﺕﻼﻣﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻪﻘﻓ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﺒﻄﻳ ﻥﺃ ﻝﻭﺎﺣ ،ﻂﻴﺴﻘﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻦﻣﻭ

ﺎﻬﻴﻟﺇ ﻞﺻﻭ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺞﺋﺎﺘﻨﻟﺍ ﻂﺳﻮﺘﻟﺎﺑ ﻖﺒﻄﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺪﺑﻻ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻥﺃ

ﻟ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻪﻠﺣﺃ ﺎﻣ ﱘﺮﲢ ﰲ ﺎﺒﺒﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺘﺳ ﻻﺇﻭ ﰲ ﺔﺻﺎﺧ ﺱﺎﻨﻠ

.ﺕﻼﻣﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻪﻘﻓ ﻝﺎﳎ

ُﻃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻲﺜﲝﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﲔﺑ ﻕﺮﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﻘﺒ

ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺖ

ﺚﺣﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺒﻃ ﺚﻴﺣ ؛ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﻲﺜﲝ ﰲ ﺎﻤﻨﻴﺑ ﺕﻼﻣﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻪﻘﻓ ﻝﺎﳎ ﰲ

.ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺎﺗﻬﺭﺪﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﲔﻧﺍﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻄﺧ :ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ

ﻳﻨ ﻢﺴﻘ ﱃﺇ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﲔﺜﺤﺒﻣ

: ﳍﻭﺃ :ﺎﻤ ﻦﻋ ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺣ

، ﻪﻴﻓﻭ

،ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ

ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﻪﻟ ﺔﻠﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻅﺎﻔﻟﻷﺍﻭ

:ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺙﺪﺤﺘﻳ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ ﰒ .ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﺑ ﺝﺎﺠﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﰲ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ءﺍﺭﺁ

ﻣﻮﻜﺣ ﺕﺍﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻦﻋ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﻝﻼﺧ ﱂﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻝﻭﺩ ﺕﺎ

ﻪﻴﻓﻭ ،ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺐﻟﺎﻄﻣ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ

، :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻋﺎﻤﺘﺟﻻﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ

ﺎﻧﻭﺭﻮﻛ ﺔﺤﺋﺎﺟ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﻝﻼﺧ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،

: ﻩﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﻊﻤﺘﺠﳌﺍ ﺔﻛﺮﺣ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ ﺪﺳ ﺮﺛﺃﻭ

،ﻪﻴﻓ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺎﺜﻟﺍ

ﺚﻟ ﺕﺍءﺍﺮﺟﻹﺍ ﺫﺎﲣﺍ ﺏﻮﺟﻭ ﺭﺍﺮﻗ : ﻩﺭﻮﺻﻭ ﺔﻳﺯﺍﺮﺘﺣﻻا

ﺪﺳ ﺮﺛﺃﻭ

ﻴﻓ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺋﺎﺘﻧ ﻢﻫﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﻮﺘﲢ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﲤﺎﳋﺍ ﰒ .ﻪ .ﻪﺗﺎﻴﺻﻮﺗﻭ ﺚﺤﺒﻟﺍ ﺞ

ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺚﺤﺒﳌﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺔﻘﻴﻘﺣ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﺑ ﺔﻠﺼﻟﺍ ﺕﺍﺫ ﻅﺎﻔﻟﻷﺍﻭ

ﻪ

ﻋ ﻱﺃ ﰲ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ ﻒﺸﻛ ﰲ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻪﻜﻠﺳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻖﻳﺮﻄﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻢﻠ

ﻣ ﻦ

ﻦﻣ ﻖﻠﻄﻨﻳ ﻡﻮﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻭ ،ﺎﻳﻮﻐﻟ ﻼﻴﻠﲢ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻞﻴﻠﲢ

ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬ ﺣ ﻮﻟ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻠ

ﻛ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻣ ﻪﻧﺃ ﺢﻀﺘﻳ ﻱﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺎﳉﺍ ﻭ "ﺪﺳ" :ﺎﳘ ﲔﺘﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﲔﺘﻤﻠ

ﺍ"

ﺭﺬﻟ ."ﻊﺋﺍ

ﻦﻣ ﺔﻳﺍﺪﺑ ﺔﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻢﺟﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻋﻮﻤﳎ ﱃﺇ ﻕﺮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑﻭ ﻻ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻟ

ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﺑ

ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﳌ ﻂﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﻌﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﲎﻌﻣ ﻥﺃ ﻒﺸﺘﻛﺍ

ﺭﻭﺪﻳ "ﺪﺳ" ﺔﻤﻠﻛ

ﺗﻵﺍ ﱐﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻝﻮﺣ ﻴ

،ﻡﺩﺮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﻕﻼﻏﻹﺍ :ﺔ ﰒ

،ﺰﺠﳊﺍ ﺓﺭﻭﺭﺎﻘﻟﺍﻭ ﺏﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﺕﺩﺪﺳ :ﻞﻴﻗ ﻥﺇﻭ

ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺔﻤﻠﺜﻟﺍ ﺕﺩﺪﺳ :ﻞﻴﻗ ﻥﺇﻭ ،ﺎﻤﻬﺘﻘﻠﻏﺃ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺭ

،ﺎﻬﺘﻣﺩ ﲎﺑ :ﻞﻴﻗ ﻥﺇﻭ ﻥﺪﳌﺍ ﲔﺑ ﲑﻣﻷﺍ

ﺍﺰﺠﺣ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﲎﺑ ﻩﺎﻨﻌﻣ ﺍﺪﺳ

) 1

. (

ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﻠﻓ "ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﻊﲨ ﻲﻫ ﱵﻟﺍ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ"

ﻥﺎﻌﻣ ﺎﻬ ﺪﻋ ﺍ ﰲ ﺓ ﻢﺟﺎﻌﳌ

ﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ :ﰐﻵﺍ ﻮﺤﻨﻟ

:"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﲎﻌﳌﺍ ﰊﺃ ﻦﺑ ﺔﻳﻭﺎﻌﻣ ﻝﺎﻗ ،ﺮﻣﺃ ﻍﻮﻠﺒﻟ ﺐﺒﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ

ﺐﻠﻄﻳ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻬﻨﻣﻭ" :ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻝﺍﻮﺣﺃ ﻥﺎﻴﺑ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻴﻔﺳ ﺍ

ﺐﻠﻄﻳ ﻻﻭ ﺓﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﺑ ﺎﻴﻧﺪﻟ

"ﺔﻴﺼﻌﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﺮﺘﺳ ﺬﲣﺍﻭ... ﺎﻴﻧﺪﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻌﺑ ﺓﺮﺧﻵﺍ

) 2

.(

ﺔﻤﻠﻜﺑ ﺩﻮﺼﻘﳌﺎﻓ

:"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ"

ﺐﺒﺴﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ .ﺭﻮﻣﻷﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺮﻣﺃ ﱃﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻠﻟ

"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﲎﻌﳌﺍ :

ﻩﻮﳓﻭ ﲑﻌﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺮﺘﺘﺴﻳ ﺎﻣ

،

ِﻟَﻴ

ْﺨ

ِﺘ ﻞ ﻱﺃ)

(ﻉﺪﺨﻴﻟ .ﺪﻴﺼﻟﺍ ﻪﺑ ﺔﺼﻔﺣ ﰊﺃ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺮﻣ ﻝﻮﻗ ﰲ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﺩﺭﻭ ﲎﻌﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

:ﻱﺪﻬﻤﻠﻟ

) 1 ( ﺝ ،(ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﺭﻮﻈﻨﻣ ﻦﺑﻻ ﺏﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﺴﻟ :ﺮﻈﻧﺍ 3

ﺹ ، 207 ﺔﻴﺑﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﻊﻤﺠﳌ ﻂﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻢﺠﻌﳌﺍﻭ

،ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺎﺑ ،ﺔﻴﻟﻭﺪﻟﺍ ﻕﻭﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺘﻜﻣ :ﺮﺼﻣ) 2004

ﺹ ( 422 .

) 2 ( ﻋ ﻮﺑﺃ ﺔﲨﺮﺘﻟﺍﻭ ﻒﻴﻟﺄﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﳉ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﻣ :ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺍ) ،ﺪﻳﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺪﻘﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻲﺴﻟﺪﻧﻷﺍ ﻪﺑﺭ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺑ ﺪﲪﺃ ﺮﻤ ﺮﺸﻨﻟﺍﻭ

1973 ﺝ ،(ﻡ 4 ﺹ ، 88 - 89 .

،ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻚﻴﻟﺇ ﻻﺇ ﱄ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺎﻣﻭ"

"ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻻﺇ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺎﻣﻭ

) 1

ﻲﻤﺴﻳ (

ﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﲑﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﺘﺘﺴ

ﻪﻧﻷ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﻪﺑ .ﻩﺪﻴﺼﻣ ﺪﺋﺎﺼﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺻﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ

ﳌﺍ :"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﲎﻌ ﺎﻣﻭ :ﻞﻴﻘﻓ .ﻪﻨﻣ ﻪﺑﺮﻘﻳﻭ ﻩﲑﻏ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺎﺴﻧﻹﺍ ﱐﺪﻳ ﺎﻣ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻻﺇ ﻚﻠﻣ ﺎﻣﻭ...ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻚﻴﻟﺇ ﻻﺇ ﱄ ﻥﺎﻛ

) 2

. (

ﻔﺗ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻤﻤﻓ ﺼ

ﲔﺒﺗ "ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺔﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﺔﻳﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﱐﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻪﻠﻴ

�ﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎ ﺣ ﺚﻴ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ

ﻩﺪﻳﺮﻳ ﺎﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻠﻟ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﻻﺪﻠﻟ ﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏ ﻞﻤﻌﺘﺴﺗ ﺍﻟ

ﺺﺨﺸ .

"ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ"ﻭ "ﺪﺳ" ﱵﻤﻠﻜﻟ ﻱﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺐﻧﺎﳉﺍ ﺍﺬﺑﻬﻭ ﻦّﻴﺒﺗ

ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﻥﺃ ﺳ"

ﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪ "ﻊﺋﺍ

ﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ ﻪﺑ ﺩﺍﺮﻳ ﺔﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﺨﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻣﺪﺨﺘﺳ

ﻟ ﺺ ﻝﻮﺻﻮﻠ ﱃﺇ

ﺎﺿﺍﺮﻏﺃ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ءﺍﻮﺳ ﻪﺿﺍﺮﻏﺃ ﻣﻮﻣﺬﻣ ﻡﺃ ﺓﺩﻮﻤﳏ

ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﻭﺃ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ،ﺔ

؛ ﻷ ﺍ ﻥ ﻌﺘﺳﻻ ﻝﺎﻤ

ﺩﺪﳛ ﱂ ﻱﻮﻐﻠﻟﺍ ﺍ ﺎﺑﻬ ﻞﺳﻮﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻕﺎﻄﻧ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﻠﻛ

ﺺﺨﺸﻟ ﻟ ﺎﻴﺷﻸ ء

.ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻊﻨﲤ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻣﻮﻣﺬﳌﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﳉﺍﻭ ﺮﺜﻛﺃ

ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﺍﻮﻓّﺮﻋ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ

ﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟ "

ﻻ

ﺢﻳﺮﺻ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﺑ ﻪﻧﻮﻓﺮﻌﻳ ﺐﻛﺮﳌﺍ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺐﺴﺣ

ﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﻩﻮﻓﺮﻋ ﻞﺑ ، ﻝ

ﻌﺗ ﻢﻬﻔﻳﺮ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ" ﺢﻠﻄﺼﳌ

"

.

ﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞ ،ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﺎ�ﺄﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﻋ ﺏﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻲﺿﺎﻘﻟﺍ :

ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ

ﻩﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻨﻤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻪﺑ ﻕﺮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺖﻳﻮﻗ ﺍﺫﺇ ،ﺯﺍﻮﳉﺍ

) 3

. (

ﻖﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻲﻔﻓ ﺮﻛﺫ

ﺕ ﺛﻼﺛ ﺔ ﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﺎﺑﻬ ﻢﺘﻫﺍ ﺔﻴﺳﺎﺳﺃ ﻞﻣﺍﻮﻋ ﺍ ء

ﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌ ﺔ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ :ﻲﻫ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ

ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻷﺍ ﰲ

ﲑﻏ ﻞﺻ ﻨﳑ ،ﻪﻨﻋ ﻉﻮ

ﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﻮﻗ

،ﺪﺼﻘﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻕﺮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻤ .ﺎﻋﻮﻨﳑ ﺪﺼﻘﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻛ

ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻉﻮﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺓﻮﻗ" ﻂﺑﺎﺿ ﻊﺿﻭ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻲﺿﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻑﻼﲞ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ءﻮﺿ ﰲ" ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﻋ ﱯﻃﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺎﻓ ،ﺪﺴﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻠﻟ "ﺭﻮﻈﺤﳌﺍ

) 1 (

،ﻑﺭﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺍ) ،ﻥﺍﻮﻄﻋ ﲔﺴﺣ ﻪﻟ ﻡﺪﻗﻭ ﻪﻘﻘﺣﻭ ﻪﻌﲨ ،ﺔﺼﻔﺣ ﰊﺃ ﻦﺑ ﻥﺍﻭﺮﻣ ﺮﻌﺷ 1982

ﺹ ،(ﻡ 67 .

) 2 ( ﺍﻭ ﻦﺳﺎﺤﳌﺍ ،ﻲﻘﻬﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﺪﻤﳏ ﻦﺑ ﻢﻴﻫﺍﺮﺑﺇ ﺹ ،(ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺐﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﺉﻭﺎﺴﳌ

168 .

) 3 ( ﺝ ،(ﱃﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﻟﺍ ،ﻡﺰﺣ ﻦﺑﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﻑﻼﳋﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺴﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻑﺍﺮﺷﻹﺍ ،ﺏﺎﻫﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻲﺿﺎﻘﻟﺍ 1

ﺹ ، 275

ﺎ�ﺄﺑ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ :

ﰲ ﻉﻮﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﻪﺑﺎﻜﺗﺭﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻑﺎﳜ ،ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻟ ﻉﻮﻨﳑ ﲑﻏ ﺮﻣﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ

ﻉﻮﻨﻤﳌﺍ

) 1

. (

ﻖﺑﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﺺﻔﻳ ﱂ ﻮﻗ" ﻂﺑﺎﺿ

ﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻕﺮﻄﺘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺓ ﻮﻈﺤ

،"ﺭ ﻫﻭ ﺍﺬ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﻪﺗءﺍﺮﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﲏﺒﻣ ﻦﻳﺬﺧﻵﺍ ﻯﺪﻟ

ﺑﻬ ﻣ ﺎ ﻔﻟﺍ ﻦ .ءﺎﻬﻘ

ﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﰒ

" ﻪﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﰲ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﺡﺮﺼﻳ ﱂ ﰲﺍﺮﻘ

"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﳌﺍ ﺍﺬﺑﻬ

ﺐﻛﺮﳌﺍ

، ﻦﻜﳝ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ﻪﻔﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﰲ ﻪﻣﺪﻗ ﺎﻣ ﻝﻼﺧ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﻟ ﻩﺭﻮﺼﺗ ﻦﻋ ﻒﺸﻜﻟﺍ

:ﻝﺎﻘﻓ ،ﺪﺴﺗ ﻥﺃ ﺪﺑﻻ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻋ

"

ﱃﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﱂﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱴﻤﻓ

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻪﲪﺭ ﻚﻟﺎﻣ ﺐﻫﺬﻣ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻨﻌﻨﻣ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ

"

) 2

.(

ﻱﺃ ﻮﻫ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻥﺃ ﺐﺒﺴﺑ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﳌﺎﺴﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻌﻓﻷﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ

ﻛ ﺎ�ﻮ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﱃﺇ

.ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻭ ﻣ ﻒﻳﺮﻌﺗ ﺍﻮﻟﻭﺎﺣ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻳﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺢﻠﻄﺼ

"ﺔﻌﻳ ﻡﺎﺸﻫ ﻦﺑ ﺪﻤﳏ

" :ﻝﺎﻗ "ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺏ ﻡﻮﺳﻮﳌﺍ ﻪﺑﺎﺘﻛ ﰲ .ﱐﺎﻫﱪﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ....

ﺳﻮﺘﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﰲ ﺩﻮﻴﻘﻠﻟ ﺽﺮﻋ ﻦﻣ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻣ ءﻮﺿ ﻑﺮﻌﻧ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻴﻄﺘﺴﻧ ،ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻞ

ﱃﺇ ،ﻪﺋﺍﺩﺃ ﰲ ﺔﻤﻬﺘﻟﺍ ﺖﻳﻮﻗ ﻪﺴﻔﻨﻟ ﻉﻮﻨﳑ ﲑﻏ ﺮﻣﺃ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ :ﺎ�ﺄﺑ ﺹﺎﳋﺍ ﲎﻌﳌﺎﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

"ﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﻞﻌﻓ

) 3

.(

ﻥﺃ ﻪﻴﻟﺇ ﻩﺎﺒﺘﻧﻻﺍ ﺭﺪﳚ ﺎﳑ ﻪﻟﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ

ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ :

"ﻉﻮﻨﳑ ﲑﻏ ﺮﻣﺃ"

؛ﻖﻴﻗﺩ ﲑﻏ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﰲ ﺐﺤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﴰ ﺔﻴﻧﺎﻜﻣﻹ ﻥﺃ ﻊﻣ ،ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ

ﺓﺎﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺑﻻ ﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﻞﻌﻓ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﱴﻣ ﺐﺤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍﻭ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ

) 1 ( ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،(ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷ ﻊﻣﺎﳉﺍ) ﱯﻃﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﲑﺴﻔﺗ ،ﱯﻃﺮﻘﻟﺍ

،ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺙﺍﺮﺘﻟﺍ ءﺎﻴﺣﺇ 1405

ﺝ ،(ـ 2 ﺹ ، 57 -

58 .

) 2 (

،ﰲﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻲﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺏﺮﻐﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﻲﺠﺣ ﺪﻤﳏ :ﻖﻴﻘﲢ ،ﺓﲑﺧﺬﻟﺍ 1994

ﺝ ،(ﻡ 1 ﺹ ، 159 .

) 3 ( ﻄﳌﺍ :ﻖﺸﻣﺩ) ،ﺔﻴﻣﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ،ﱐﺎﻫﱪﻟﺍ ﺹ (ﱃﻭﻷﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﻟﺍ ،ﺔﻴﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺒ

80 .

ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ ﻯﻮﺳ ﻯﺮﺧﺃ ﺭﻮﻣﺃ ﺎﳘﺪﺳ ﰲ

) 1

؛(

ﲑﺜﻛ ﺩﺪﺣ ﺍﺬﻟ ﻦﻣ

ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻓ

ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺢﻳﺮﺻ ﲑﺒﻌﺘﺑ ﺪﺴﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :

."ﺎﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺃ ﰲ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺎﻣ"

ﺬﻠﻟ ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﻒﻳﺭﺎﻌﺘﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﳝ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ءﻮﺿ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭ

ﻦﻜ ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ

ﻀﻓﺇ ﺔﻤﺗﻬ ﻪﺘﻳﻮﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻊﻨﻣ ﻦﻋ ﺓﺭﺎﺒﻋ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻪﺋﺎ

ﺇ ﻌﻓ ﱃ .ﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﻞ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﺿ ﺪﻳﺪﲢ ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﻦﻜﳝﻭ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺎﺑ

ﻥﻮﻛ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ : ﳌﺍ

ﺡﺎﺒ ﻭ ﺔﻠﻴﺳ

ﺇ ءﺎﻀﻓﻹﺍ ﻖﻘﲢ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﰲ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻭ ﻱﺃ ﱃ

ﺷ ﳏ ءﻲ ،ﺭﻮﻈ

.ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺍﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﺮﻣﺃ ﺪﺼﻘﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻛ :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍﻭ ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﺎﻣﺃ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ"

ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻥﻻﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﺍ ﻪﻠﻓ

:

ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﻻﺍ :

ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻝﺪﻳ ﻮﻬﻓ "ﺪﺳ" ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﻞﺒﻗ

ﺪﺻﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﺖﻧﺎﻛ ءﺍﻮﺳ ،ﺪﺻﺎﻘﻤﻠﻟ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺤﺘﺴﻣ ﻡﺃ ﺔﺒﺟﺍﻭ ﻡﺃ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ

، ﰲ ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

ﺍ ﻞﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﻢﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻓ ،ﺪﺻﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻢﻜﳊ ﻊﺑﺎﺗ ﻮﻫ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺣ ﻦﻋ ﻢﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﺑ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ،ﲔﻋﻮﻨﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ

ﰒ ﺎ�ﻷ ﺎﻫﺪﺳ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺑﻻﻭ ﻡﺮﲢ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﺕﺎﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ

ﺎﻬ ﺪﺑﻻ ﻞﺑ ،ﻡﺮﲢ ﻻﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓ ﻦﻣ

ﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺒﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﺎ�ﻷ ﺴ

ﺕﺎﺒﺤﺘ

) 2

. (

"ﺪﺳ" ﺔﻤﻠﻛ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺘﻓﺎﺿﺇ ﺪﻌﺑ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺮﻬﺘﺷﺎﻓ

ﺕ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ

ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻞﺻﺃ ﻮﻫﻭ ﻪﻣﺪﺨﺘﺳﺍﻭ

ﻯﺮﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﻸﻟ ﺎﻴﻌﺒﺗ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺔﻴﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﳊﺍ ؛

ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺎﻓ

ﻝﺎﻤﻌﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ءﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﱃﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻠﻟ ﺔﺻﻮﺼﳐ

، ﺎﻤﻴﻓ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻳ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

ﺻ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ءﺎﻬﻘﻓ ﻪﺑ ﺡّﺮ

) 3

. (

) 1 ( ﺃ ؛ﺐﺤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺎﺑ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺗ ﺔﺠﻴﺘﻧ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﺮﻳﺪﻘﺗ ﻮﻫ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﻀﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﲔﺑ ﻦﻣﻭ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻞﻫ :ﻱ

.ﺎﻤﺑﻬ ﻡﺎﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﻪﻋﻮﻗﻭ ﻊﻗﻮﺘﻳ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻈﺤﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺓﺪﻟﻮﺘﳌﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻗﺃ ﺐﺤﺘﺴﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻞﻌﻔﻟﺍ ﻙﺮﺗ ﻦﻣ ) 2 (

،ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘﻟﺍ) ،ﲔﳌﺎﻌﻟﺍ ﺏﺭ ﻦﻋ ﲔﻌﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﻡﻼﻋﺇ ،ﻢﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ 1350

ﺝ (ﻡ 3 ﺹ ، 119 - 121 .

) 3 ( ﺍ ﰲ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻊﻨﳌﺍ ﻥﺇ :ﻲﺟﺎﺒﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﻗ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺇ :ﺮﻈﻧﺍ .ﺭﻮﻈﺤﳌﺍ ﻞﻌﻓ ﱃﺇ ﺎﺑﻬ ﻞﺻﻮﺘﻳﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺑﻹﺍ ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻇ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺄﺴﳌ

،ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺴﺳﺆﻣ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﻲﺟﺎﺒﻠﻟ ﻝﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﺃ ﰲ ﻝﻮﺼﻔﻟﺍ 1989

ﺹ ،(ﻡ 567

، ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻥﺇ :ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦﺑﺍ ﻝﺎﻗﻭ

ﲑﺑ) ،ﺔﻴﻤﻴﺗ ﻦﺑﻻ ﻯﱪﻜﻟﺍ ﻯﻭﺎﺘﻔﻟﺍ :ﺮﻈﻧﺍ ...ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﻰ�ﻭ ﺎﻬﻣﺮﺣ ﻥﺄﺑ ﻡﺭﺎﺤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻴﻀﻔﳌﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻪﻧﺎﺤﺒﺳ ،ﻥﺎﻨﺒﻟ :ﺕﻭ

1987 ﺝ (ﻡ 3

، ﺹ 223 .

ﻨﺑ ﺄﺑ ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻪﻧﺎﻴﺑ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎ

"ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﻥ ﻦﻣ

ﺍ ﺚﻴﺣ ﺔﻐﻠﻟ

ﻞﻤﺸﻳ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺪﺻﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻉﻮﻧ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻥﻭﺩ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﲨ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ ﺍﺪﻫﺃ

ﺘﻟ ﺎﻓ ﻚﻠ

ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﺃ ﻲﻫ ﻡﺃ ﺐﺟﺍﻭ ﺮﻣﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﺮﻣﺃ ﻭﺃ ﺡﺎﺒﻣ

، ﺢﻠﻄﺼﻣ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ

"

ﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟ ﰲ "ﻊ

ﺡﻼﻄﺻﺍ ﻭ ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ

ﻪﺑ ﺩﺍﲑﻓ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ :

ﻊﻨﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻣ

ﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒ ﺎﻬﻨﻜﻟ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ

ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ءﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺓﺭﻮﻈﳏﻭ

ﺎﻋﺮﺷ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﺎﻬﻴﻓﻭ

، ﺑﻻ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻂﺑﺍﻮﻀﻟﺍﻭ ﻦﻣ ﺪ

ﻋﺍﺮﻣ ﰲ ﺎﺗﻬﺎ

ﻥﻮﻛ ﻱﺃ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺡﺎﺒﳌﺍ ﻥﻮﻛ :ﻲﻫ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺎﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ

ﰒ ، ﻖﻘﲢ ءﺎﻀﻓﻹﺍ

ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺍﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﻼﻌﻓ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺼﻘﻣ ﻥﻮﻛ ﲑﺧﻷﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﺪﺼﻘﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻪﻴﻓ

ﺪﺴﻔﻣ .ﺓ

ﻥﺃ ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﳉﺍﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺡﻼﻄﺻﻻﺍ ﺚﻴﺣ ﻦﻣ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻡﻮﻬﻔﻣ

ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻦﻣ ﺃ ﺔﻟﺩ

ﰲ ﻪﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﰲ ءﺎﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﻑﻼﳋﺍ ﻖﻠﻄﻨﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻮﻫ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺳﺍ

ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ

ﻟﺍ .ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸ ﺃ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ

ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻉﺍﻮﻧ

ﻟ ﻥﺇ ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻﻸ ﻼﻋ ﺎﳍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﺴﻘﺗ ﰲ ﺓﺪﻳﺪﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ

ﺔﻗ ﺑ ﺣﻷﺎ ﻡﺎﻜ

ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻓ ، ﰲﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺎ ﺎﻬﻤﺴﻘﻳ

ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ

ﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟ

،ء ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍﻭ

،ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﺓﻮﻗ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺎﻤﻬﺴﻘﻳ ﱯﻃﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ

ﻹﺍ ﺍ ﻡﺎﻣ ﺑ ﻢﻴﻗ ﻦ ﺪﻘﻓ

ﺐﺴﲝ ﺎﻬﻤﺴﻗ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ

ﺔﺒﻟﺎﻐﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋﻭ .

ﻓﺘ ﺴﻘ ﻴ ﱃﺇ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﰲﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻢ ﺃ ﺔﺛﻼﺛ

ﻉﺍﻮﻧ :

ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﺒﻨﺟﻷﺎﺑ ﺓﻮﻠﳋﺍ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻫﺪﺳ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﲨﺃ

ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻊﲨﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﺎﻧﺰﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺐﻨﻌﻟﺍ ﻉﺭﺯ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓ

ﺎﻫﺪﺳ ﲔﺑ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺮﻤﳋﺍ ﺔﻋﺎﻨﺼﻟ ﺎﺒﺒﺳ ﺾﻌﺒﻟﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻇ ﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺪﻗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺟﻵﺍ ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻬﺤﺘﻓﻭ

) 1

. (

ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ءﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻦﻣ ﺎﳌﺎﻋ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﱯﻃﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ

، ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ ﺪﻘﻓ

ﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﺓﻮﻗ ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﱃ

ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ : ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ

ﺪﻗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻡﻼﻈﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺭﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺑ ﻒﻠﺧ ﺮﺌﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﻴﻌﻄﻗ ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﱃﺇ

) 1 ( ،ﰲﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺝ (ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﻕﻭﺮﻔﻟﺍ 2

ﺹ ، 32 - 33 .

ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻙﻼﻫﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺖﻀﻓﺃ ،ﺍﺭﺩﺎﻧ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ءﺎﻴﺷﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،

ﻣﺄﻳ ﻊﺿﻮﻣ ﰲ ﺮﺌﺒﻟﺍ ﺮﻔﺣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ .ﻪﻴﻓ ﻉﻮﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻦ

ﺏﺮﳊﺍ ﺔﻟﺎﺣ ﰲ ﺭﺎﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺡﻼﺴﻟﺍ ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ :ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏ ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﻥﺎﻛ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍﻭ ،ﲔﻤﻠﺴﳌﺍ ﻦﻳﺪﻫﺎﺠﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﻫ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺜﻣ ،ﻦﻈﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻠﻏ ﱃﺇ ﻞﺼﻳ ﻻ ﻪﻨﻜﻟ ﺍﲑﺜﻛ ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﺪﻗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺟﻵﺍ ﻊﻴﺑ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞ

ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﺍﲑﺜﻛ ﱃﺇ ﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ

) 1

. (

ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍﻭ ﻲﻠﺒﻨﳊﺍ ﺐﻫﺬﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻢﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻗ

ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ

ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋﻭ ﱃﺇ

ﺔﻌﺑﺭﺃ ﻉﺍﻮﻧﺃ .ﻚﻟﺬﻛ ﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻝﻭﻷ ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋﻭ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ

ﺮﻜﺴﳌﺍ ﺏﺮﺷ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ ﱵﻟﺍ

،ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻗﺎﻋﻭ

ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺪﻘﻋ ﺔﻴﻀﻘﻛ ،ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻗﺎﻋﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ : :ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ،ﻞﻴﻠﺤﺘﻠﻟ ﺪﻘﻌﻧﺍ ﺍﺫﺇ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﺎﻬﺘﺒﻗﺎﻋ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﺪﻗ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﻜﻨﻟﺍ

ﻥﻮﻜﺗﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ،ﺎﻬﺘﺤﻠﺼﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺢﺟﺭﺃ ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋ ﰲ ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ

ﻳﺰﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ :ﻊﺑﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﰒ ،ﺓﺪﻌﻟﺍ ﻦﻣﺯ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺟﻭﺯ ﺎﻬﻨﻋ ﰱﻮﺘﻤﻠﻟ ﻦ

ﺓﺃﺮﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﺎﺗﻬﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﻦﻣ ﺢﺟﺭﺃ ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋ ﰲ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﳌﺍﻭ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﺔﺑﻮﻄﺨﳌﺍ

) 2

. (

ﻮﻔﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﻷﺍ ﻥﺃ ،ﻡﺎﻤﺘﻫﻻﺍﻭ ﻪﻴﺒﻨﺘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺪﺑﻻﻭ ﰲ ﺍ

ﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺴﻘﺘﻟ ﻢﺗﻬﺍﺭﺎ ﻢﻴ

ﺍﻮﻘﻔﺗﺍ ﻢﻬﻨﻜﻟﻭ ،ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺮﺼﺤﻨﺗ ﻻ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔ ﻧﺎﻛ ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﺖ

ﰲﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﰲ ﺎﺒﻟﺎﻏ ﻭﺃ ﺎﻴﻌﻄﻗ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻱﺩﺆﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﻞﺑ ، ﻳ ﻥﻮﻌﺳﻮ ﺪﺳ

ﺗ ﱂ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺍﲑﺜﻛ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﺼ

ﺟﺭﺩ ﺇ ﺔ ﻪﺋﺎﻀﻓ ﱃﺇ

ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ .ﻦﻈﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﻠﻏ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ

ﺓﺭﺎﺷﻹﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﳉﺍﻭ ﻘﺘﻟﺍ ﻯﻮﺳ

،ﺔﺛﻼﺜﻟﺍ ﺔﻤﺋﻷﺍ ﻪﻣﺪﻗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻢﻴﺴ ﻢﺴﻘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﳝ

ﻷﺍ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﻢﻜﺣ ﱃﺇ ﺮﻈﻨﻟﺎﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﲔﻴﻟﻮﺻ

ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﺩﺎﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ

ﰲ ﺎﻫﻭﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ

) 1 ( ﺝ (ﺮﻜﻔﻟﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ) ،ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻘﻓﺍﻮﳌﺍ ،ﱯﻃﺎﺸﻟﺍ 2

، ﺹ 242 .

) 2 ( ﺝ ،ﲔﻌﻗﻮﳌﺍ ﻡﻼﻋﺇ ،ﻢﻴﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ 3

، ﺹ 119 ، 139 .

ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ :ﻝﻭﻷﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ .ﻦﻳﲑﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﲔﻤﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﱃﺇ

ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﺔﻣﺮﳏ ﺖﺤﺒﺻﺃ ﰒ ﺎﻬﻴﻓ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﳌﺍ ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻟ ﺡﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ

ﺳﻭ ﺇ ﺔﻠﻴ .ﻡﺮﳏ ءﻲﺷ ﱃ ﻝﻮﻘﻳ

:ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ

ﱡ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ ﲟ

ﲠ ﲡ ﲢ ﲣ ﲤ ﲥ ﲦ ﲨﲧ ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ

ﲬ

ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ ﲰ ﲱ ﲲ ﲳ ﲴ ﲵ

ﲶ

:ﻡﺎﻌﻧﻷﺍ]ﱠ

108 [.

ﺩﻮﺟﻮﻟ ﺡﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﲔﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﳍﺁ ﺐﺳ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺮﻳ ﻦﻳﺮﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻢﻈﻌﻤﻓ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻰ� ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ،ﺮﻔﻜﻟﺍﻭ ﻙﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻝﻻﺫﺇ ﻞﻜﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﳌﺍ –

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ - ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻩﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺒﻓ ﻪﻨﻋ

ﺍ ﺐﺳ ﱃﺇ ﳌ

ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﲔﻛﺮﺸ -

ﻧﺎﺤﺒﺳ ﱃﺎﻌﺗﻭ ﻪ - ﻰﻠﺠﺘﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﳌﺍ ﺖﻛﺮﺗ ﺔﻳﻵﺍ ﻩﺬﻫ ﰲﻭ

ﺔﻨﻣﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺤﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﺃﺭﺪﺘﻟ ﲔﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﺔﳍﺁ ﺐﺳ ﰲ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻥﻮﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍ ﺐﺴﻳ ﻥﺃ ﰲ

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ

) 1

.(

،ﻡﺮﳏ ءﻲﺷ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻡﺮﲢ ﰒ ﺔﺣﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻠﻟ ﺮﺧﺁ ﻝﺎﺜﻣ ﰒ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻩﺍﻭﺭ ﺎﻣ ،ﻪﺤﻴﺤﺻ ﰲ

َﻗ ،�ﻱِﺪِﻋﺎ�ﺴﻟﺍ ٍﺪْﻴَﻤُﺣ ﻲِﺑَﺃ ْﻦَﻋ

َﻞَﻤْﻌَﺘْﺳﺍ َﻝﺎ

ِﻪ�ﻠﻟﺍ ُﻝﻮُﺳَﺭ

ُﻳ ِﺪْﺳَﻷﺍ َﻦِﻣ ًﻼُﺟَﺭ

ِﺔ�ﻴِﺒْﺘ�ﻠﻟﺍ ُﻦْﺑﺍ ُﻪَﻟ ُﻝﺎَﻘ -

ِﺔَﻗَﺪ�ﺼﻟﺍ ﻰَﻠَﻋ َﺮَﻤُﻋ ﻲِﺑَﺃ ُﻦْﺑﺍَﻭ ﻭٌﺮْﻤَﻋ َﻝﺎَﻗ -

ﺎ�ﻤَﻠَﻓ

ْﻢُﻜَﻟ ﺍَﺬَﻫ َﻝﺎَﻗ َﻡِﺪَﻗ

، ﻲِﻟ َﻱِﺪْﻫُﺃ ﻲِﻟ ﺍَﺬَﻫَﻭ

،

َﻡﺎَﻘَﻓ َﻝﺎَﻗ ِﻪ�ﻠﻟﺍ ُﻝﻮُﺳَﺭ

َﺪِﻤَﺤَﻓ ِﺮَﺒْﻨِﻤْﻟﺍ ﻰَﻠَﻋ ﷺ

َﻝﺎَﻗَﻭ ِﻪْﻴَﻠَﻋ ﻰَﻨْﺛَﺃَﻭ َﻪ�ﻠﻟﺍ :

"

َﺬَﻫ ُﻝﻮُﻘَﻴَﻓ ُﻪُﺜَﻌْﺑَﺃ ٍﻞِﻣﺎَﻋ ُﻝﺎَﺑ ﺎَﻣ ﻲِﻟ َﻱِﺪْﻫُﺃ ﺍَﺬَﻫَﻭ ْﻢُﻜَﻟ ﺍ

،

َﺪَﻌَﻗ َﻼَﻓَﺃ

َﺃ ِﻪْﻴَﻟِﺇ ﻯَﺪْﻬُﻳَﺃ َﺮُﻈْﻨَﻳ ﻰ�ﺘَﺣ ِﻪ�ﻣُﺃ ِﺖْﻴَﺑ ﻲِﻓ ْﻭَﺃ ِﻪﻴِﺑَﺃ ِﺖْﻴَﺑ ﻲِﻓ

َﻻ ْﻡ

!؟

ِﻩِﺪَﻴِﺑ ٍﺪ�ﻤَﺤُﻣ ُﺲْﻔَﻧ ﻱِﺬ�ﻟﺍَﻭ

َﻏُﺭ ُﻪَﻟ ٌﲑِﻌَﺑ ِﻪِﻘُﻨُﻋ ﻰَﻠَﻋ ُﻪُﻠِﻤْﺤَﻳ ِﺔَﻣﺎَﻴِﻘْﻟﺍ َﻡْﻮَﻳ ِﻪِﺑ َءﺎَﺟ �ﻻِﺇ ﺎًﺌْﻴَﺷ ﺎَﻬْﻨِﻣ ْﻢُﻜْﻨِﻣ ٌﺪَﺣَﺃ ُﻝﺎَﻨَﻳ َﻻ

ْﻭَﺃ ٌءﺎ

ٌﺓَﺮَﻘَﺑ ﻌْﻴَﺗ ٌﺓﺎَﺷ ْﻭَﺃ ٌﺭﺍَﻮُﺧ ﺎَﻬَﻟ

ُﺮ

"

،

َﺭ ﻰ�ﺘَﺣ ِﻪْﻳَﺪَﻳ َﻊَﻓَﺭ �ﻢُﺛ

َﺗَﺮْﻔُﻋ ﺎَﻨْﻳَﺃ ﻲ

َﻝﺎَﻗ �ﻢُﺛ ِﻪْﻴَﻄْﺑِﺇ :

"

�ﻢُﻬ�ﻠﻟﺍ

ُﺖْﻐ�ﻠَﺑ ْﻞَﻫ

"

ِﻦْﻴَﺗ�ﺮَﻣ

) 2

.(

ﻟ ﺡﺎﺒﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﰲ ﺔﻳﺪﳍﺍ

،ﺎﻬﺘﺣﺎﺑﺇ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺓﲑﺜﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ ﺩﻭﺭﻮ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ

ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ

ﳛ ﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﻡﺮ

ﻲﻀﻔﺗ ﺎ�ﻷ ،ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺆﺷ ﲑﺑﺪﺗ ﰲ ﲔﻟﻭﺆﺴﳌﺍ ﲔﻔﻇﻮﳌﺍ ﻭﺃ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺔﻳﺪﳍﺍ

) 1 ( ﺔﻳﻵﺍ ﲑﺴﻔﺗ ﰲ ﺮﻈﻧﺍ 108

ﻱﱪﻄﻟﺍ ﲑﺴﻔﺗ :ﻡﺎﻌﻧﻷﺍ ﺓﺭﻮﺳ ﻦﻣ ﺳﺆﻣ) ،

:ﺔﻟﺎﺳﺮﻟﺍ ﺔﺴ 2012

،ﱯﻃﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﲑﺴﻔﺗﻭ (ﻡ

ﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﰊﺮﻌﻟﺍ ﺙﺍﺮﺘﻟﺍ ءﺎﻴﺣﺇ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕ 1405

(ـ ﻫ .

) 2 ( ﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﺎﻳﺍﺪﻫ ﱘﺮﲢ ﺏﺎﺑ ،ﻪﺤﻴﺤﺻ ﰲ ﻢﻠﺴﻣ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻩﺍﻭﺭ ،ﺔﺒﻴﻃ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﺔﻨﻳﺪﻣ) ،ﻝﺎ

2006 (ﻡ .

ﺃ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﻟﺍ ﻞﻴﻣ ﱃﺇ ﻭ

ﲔﻔﻇﻮﳌﺍ ﻦﻳﺬﻠﻟ ﲔﻟﻭﺆﺴﳌﺍ

ﻁﺎﻘﺳﺇ ﱃﺇ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻯﺩﺄﻓ ،ﺔﻳﺪﳍﺍ ﻢﻫﻮﻄﻋﺃ

.ﺎﻳﺍﺪﳍﺍ ﻱﺪﻬﻣ ﻑﺮﻃ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻨﻴﻌﳌﺍ ﺩﻭﺪﳊﺍ ﺯﻭﺎﲡ ﻭﺃ ﺕﺎﺒﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﻭ :ﱐﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﻢﺴﻘﻟﺍ ﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺎﻬﺘﻣﺮﺣ ﺪﻳﺰﺗﻭ ﻡﺍﺮﺣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﱃﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﺎﻫﺭﺎ

ﺍ ﻱﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺐﺳ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﻡﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻪﺘﻣﺮﺣ ﺪﻳﺰﺗﻭ ،ﻪﺗﺍﺫ ﰲ ﻡﺍﺮﺣ ﻮﻬﻓ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵ

ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻩ

ﰲ ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻩﺍﻭﺭ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺪﻘﻓ .ﺐﺴﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻱﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻦﻌﻠﻟ ﻭﺮﻤﻋ ﻦﺑ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻦﻋ ،ﻪﺤﻴﺤﺻ -

ﻬﻨﻋ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻲﺿﺭ ﺎﻤ

- ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻝﻮﺳﺭ ﻝﺎﻗ :ﻝﺎﻗ ﻦﻣ ﻥﺇ :

ﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻌﻠﻳ ﻥﺃ ﺮﺋﺎﺒﻜﻟﺍ ﱪﻛﺃ ،ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﻌﻠﻳ ﻒﻴﻛﻭ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻝﻮﺳﺭ ﺎﻳ ﻞﻴﻗ ،ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞ

ﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﻳ :ﻝﺎﻗ

،ﻞﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﺎﺑﺃ ﻞ ﻪﻣﺃ ﺐﺴﻳﻭ ﻩﺎﺑﺃ ﺐﺴﻴﻓ

) 1

. (

ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻜﳝ ﻪﻠﻴﺼﻔﺗ ﻡﺪﻘﺗ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺑ :

ﻷﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﰲ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻥﺇ ﻮﺻ

ﲔﻴﻟ ﳝ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜ

،ﺓﺪﻳﺪﻋ ﺕﺍﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻢﺴﻘﺗ ﲔﺑ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺔﺟﺭﺩ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ

ﺍ ﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟ ﺍﻭ ،ء ﺓﻮﻗ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋ

ﰒ ،ﺎﻬﺒﻗﺍﻮﻋﻭ ﺎﻬﻌﺿﻭ ﻞﺻﺃ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ءﺎﻴﺷﻷﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺎﻬﺋﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﺘﻋﺍ

ﺭﺎﺒ ﺣ ﺎﻬﻠﺻﺃ ﻢﻜ

ﰲ .ﻒﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻱﻮﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍﻭ ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻌﻳﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﺹﻮﺼﻧ

:ﺚﻟﺎﺜﻟﺍ ﺐﻠﻄﳌﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﺑ ﺝﺎﺠﺘﺣﻻﺍ ﰲ ءﺎﻤﻠﻌﻟﺍ ءﺍﺭﺁ

ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﱪﺘﻌﺗ ﻒﻠﺘﺧﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ

ﺍ ﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷ ﰲ ﻥﻮ

؛ﺎﻬﺘﻴﺠﺣ ﻓ

ﺎﺑﻬ ﺍﻭﺬﺧﺃ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺎ ﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﺻﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ

ﺘﻟﺍ ﻝ

،ﻊﻳﺮﺸ ﻨﳊﺍ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﺔﻴﻔ

ﺔﻴﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﻓ

ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﺻﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺎﺑﻬ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺍﻮﻀﻓﺮ ﻭ ،

ﻬﻨﻜﻟ ﻘﺒﻃ ﻢ ﺍﻮ

.ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﺎﻬﺣﻭﺭ ﻭ ﲔﻀﻓﺍﺮﻟﺍﻭ ﺎﺑﻬ ﻦﻳﺬﺧﻵﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻞﻛ ﺎﳍ

ﺒﻣ ﺞﺠﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻢﻬﻔﻗﻮﻣ ﻥﻮﻨﺒﻳ ﺔﻴﻨ

ﻋ ﻷﺍ ﻰﻠ ﺔﻟﺩ

؛ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻓ

ﻦﻳﺪﻳﺆﻣ ﻢﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺎ ﻟ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻸ ﺳ

ﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪ ﺑ ﻊﺋﺍ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎ

ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﺻﺃ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻥﺃ ﻥﻭﺮﻳ

ﺮﻬﻈﻳ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﻴﻟﺩ ﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ

ﺹ

ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻲﻫ ﱵﻟﺍ

،ﺔﻳﻮﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﻷﺍﻭ ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﻩﺬﺑﻬ ﺬﺧﻷﺎﻓ

ﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺓﺪﻋ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ

ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ .ﺹﻮﺼﻨﻟﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺡﻭﺮﺑ ءﺍﺪﺘﻗﻻﺍ ﻡﺎﻘﻣ ﻡﻮﻘﻳ

) 1 ( ﺑﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) .ﻪﻳﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻞﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﺐﺴﻳ ﻻ ﺏﺎﺑ :ﺏﺩﻷﺍ ﺏﺎﺘﻛ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻟﺍ ﺢﻴﺤﺻ ،ﻱﺭﺎﺨﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ

،ﲑﺜﻛ ﻦ 2018 (ﻡ

َﻤﺘﻌﻣ ﺎﻫﻭﺬﺧﺃ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻳﻵﺍ ﻦﻤﻓ ﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺠﺣ ﰲ ﺍﺪ

"ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪ

:ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﻟﻮﻗ ،ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﺻﺃ ﺎﻫﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ

ﱡ ﲜ ﲝ ﲞ

ﲟ ﲠ ﲡ ﲢ ﲣ ﲤ ﲥ ﲦ ﲨﲧ ﲩ ﲪ ﲫ

ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ ﲰ ﲱ

ﲲ ﲳ ﲴ ﲵ

ﲶ

]ﱠ

:ﻡﺎﻌﻧﻷﺍ [.108

ﺮﻬﻇ

"ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺡﻭﺭ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻡﺮﺣ ﺎﻣﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻳﻵﺍ ﰲ

– ﱃﺎﻌﺗ - ﺐﺳ

ﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﳍﺁ ﺭﺎﻔ ﲔﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍﻭ ﰲ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ

ﺡﺎﺒﻣ ﻪﻠﺻﺃ

ٍﻝﻻﺫﺇ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﻞﺑ ، ﻜﻠﻟ

،ﻙﺮﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺮﻔ

ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﱘﺮﲢ ءﺎﺠﻓ ﻚﻠﺗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﺤﺟﺍﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﰲ ﺎﺒﺒﺳ ﺎ�ﻮﻜﻟ ﺔﺤﻠﺼﻣ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺎﳌ

ﻔﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﺗﻭ ،ﺔﺤﻠﺼﳌﺍ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﲔﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﺐﺳ ﻲﻫ ﺓﺪﺴ

- ﱃﺎﻌﺗﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﺤﺒﺳ -

ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻤﻓ ،

.ﲔﻛﺮﺸﳌﺍﻭ ﺭﺎﻔﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﳍﺁ ﺐﺳ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻡﺮﺣ ﺓﺪﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻚﻠﺗ ﺏﺎﺑ ﺪﺳ ﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﻧﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻵﺍﻭ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺔﻴﺠﺣ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﺎﻫﻭﱪﺘﻋﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﻯﺮﺧ

ءﺎﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺎﺒﻃﺎﳐ ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻪﻟﻮﻗ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻨﻣﺆﳌﺍ

:

ﱡ ﳁ ﳂ

ﳃ ﳄ ﳅ ﳆ ﳇ ﳈ

]ﱠ

:ﺭﻮﻨﻟﺍ .[31

ﻚﻠﺗ ﲑﺴﻔﺗ ﰲ ﻦﻳﺮﺴﻔﳌﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ ﺐﻫﺫ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻥﺃ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻳﻵﺍ

- ﱃﺎﻌﺗﻭ ﻪﻧﺎﺤﺒﺳ -

ﻡﺮﺣ

ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻪﻧﻷ ءﺎﺴﻨﻠﻟ ﻞﺟﺭﻷﺎﺑ ﺏﺮﻀﻟﺍ ﺕﻮﺼﺗ ﺍﺫﺇﻭ ،ﻝﺎﺨﻠﳋﺍ ﻦﻣ ﻰﻔﳜ ﺎﻣ ﺭﺎﻬﻇﻹ

ﻝﺎﺨﻠﳋﺍ ﺏﺬﺟ

؛ﻦﳍﻭ ﻢﳍ ﺔﻨﺘﻓ ﻩﺬﻫﻭ ،ﻝﺎﺟﺮﻟﺍ ﺓﻮﻬﺷ ءﺎﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﺏﺮﺿ ﱃﺎﻌﺗ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻡﺮﺤﻓ

.ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﺏﺎﺒﻟ ﺍﺪﺳ ﻦﻬﻠﺟﺭﺄﺑ ﰲ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ﺎﻫﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻳﻮﺒﻨﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺩﺎﺣﻷﺍ ﺎﻣﺃﻭ ﻢﺗﻬﺎﺒﺛﺇ

ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺠﺣ

ﺎﺒﺘﻋﺎﺑ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺜﻜﻓ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﻝﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﺻﺃ ﺎﻫﺭ

،ﺓﲑ ﺚﻳﺪﺣ ﺎﻬﻨﻴﺑ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﺒﺘﻠﻟﺍ ﻦﺑﺍ

ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﺘﺷﺍ ﱘﺮﲢ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻣﻷﺍ ﻥﻭﺆﺷ ﻰﻠﻋ ﲔﻟﻭﺆﺴﳌﺍﻭ ﻝﺎﻤﻌﻠﻟ ﺎﻳﺍﺪﳍﺍ

،ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻶﻟ ﻦﻳﺪﻟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺐﺳ ﱘﺮﲢ ﲔﺒﻳ ﻥﻮﻜﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺕﺎﻬﺒﺘﺸﳌﺍ ﺭﻮﻣﻷﺍ ﲔﺒﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍﻭ

.ﻡﺍﺮﳊﺍﻭ ﻝﻼﳊﺍ ﲔﺑ

ﻭ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ﺮﻈﻧ ﰲ ﻥﺃ

ﱯﻨﻟﺍ ﱘﺮﲢ ﻳﺍﺪﳍﺍ 

ﻠﻟ ﺎ ﻪﳝﺮﲢﻭ ،ﻝﺎﻤﻌ ﻱﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﺐﺳ

ﺪﺳﺎﻔﳌﺍ ﺏﺍﻮﺑﺃ ﻕﻼﻏﺇ ﻞﺟﺃ ﻦﻣ ﺎﻬﻠﻛ ،ﺕﺎﻬﺒﺸﻟﺍ ءﺎﻘﺗﺎﺑ ﻩﺮﻣﺃ ﰒ ،ﻦﻳﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻦﻤﻜﺗ ﱵﻟﺍ

.ﺓﺭﻮﻛﺬﳌﺍ ﺎﻳﺎﻀﻘﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﻞﻛ ءﺍﺭﻭ

ﰲ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌﺍ ﻩﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﺮﺧﻵﺍ ﻞﻴﻟﺪﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﺗﻬﺎﺒﺛﺇ

ﺣ ﺪﺳ" ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺠ

ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﺎ�ﻮﻜﺑ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﻟﺍ ﻑﺮﺼﺗ ﻮﻫ ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ

ﻡﺍﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼ

؛ ﻓ ﺡﺎﻜﻧ ﺔﻴﻀﻘ

ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﻞﻤﻋ ﰲ ﺝﺫﻮﳕ ﻦﺴﺣﺃ ﻲﻫ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺭﺎﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﻞﻟﺪﻳ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ

ﺭ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺡﻭ

ﻢﺗﻬﺎﻓﺮﺼﺗ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ

؛ ﻓ ﺎﻬﻠﺣﺃ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﺔﻴﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﻜﻨ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ

– ﱃﺎﻌﺗ - ﱘﺮﻜﻟﺍ ﻥﺁﺮﻘﻟﺍ ﰲ ،

:ﻪﻟﻮﻘﺑ

ﱡ ﲧ ﲨ ﲩ ﲫﲪ ﲬ ﲭ ﲮ ﲯ ﲰ ﲱ

ﲲ ﲳ ﲵﲴ ﲶ ﲷ

ﲸ ﲹ ﲺ

ﲻ ﲼ ﲽ ﲾ ﲿ ﳀ ﳁ ﳂ

ﳃ

ﳄ ﳅ

ﳆ ﳇ ﳉﳈ ﳊ ﳋ ﳌ

ﳍ ﳎ ﳏ ﳐ ﳑ ﳒ ﳓ ﳔ ﳕ ﱠ

:ﺓﺪﺋﺎﳌﺍ]

[ 5 ﻞﺜﻣ ﺔﺑﺎﺤﺼﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﻦﻜﻟﻭ ﺎﻄﳋﺍ ﻦﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ

ﻊﻨﻣ ﺏ ﻚﻟﺫ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺪﺳﺎﻔﻤﻠﻟ ﺍﺪﺳ

ﻪﻌﻨﻣ ﺐﺒﺳ ﺎﻨﻴﺒﻣ ﺏﺎﻄﳋﺍ ﻦﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ ﻝﺎﻘﻓ ،ﻩﺯﺍﻮﲜ ﻊﻗﻮﺘﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻦﻜﳝ ﺡﺎﻜﻨﻟﺍ ﺍﺬﻫ

ﱐﺇ ..." :

ﺗ ﻥﺃ ﻰﺸﺧﺃ

"ﺕﺎﺴﻣﻮﳌﺍ ﺍﻮﺤﻜﻨﺗﻭ ﺕﺎﻤﻠﺴﳌﺍ ﺍﻮﻋﺪ

) 1

.(

ﻄﳋﺍ ﻦﺑ ﺮﻤﻋ ﻥﺃ ،ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﻚﻟﺫ ﻦﻣ ﻒﺸﺘﻛﺍ ﺏﺎ

ﻴﺑﺎﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺡﺎﻜﻧ ﻊﻨﻣ  ﻪﻤﻠﻌﻟ ﺕﺎ

ﻡﻼﺳﺇ ءﺎﺴﻨﻟﺍ ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ

،ﻡﻼﺳﻹﺍ ﺭﺎﺸﺘﻧﺍ ﺪﻌﺑ ﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﺝﺍﻭﺯ ﺢﻴﺑﺃ ﻮﻠﻓ

ﺔﻴﺑﺎ ﻟﺮُﺘ ﺖﻛ ﻦﻣ ﲑﺜﻛ

ﺕﺎﻤﻠﺴﳌﺍ ﺝﺍﻭﺯﺃ ﻥﻭﺩ

.ﺍﺩﺎﺴﻓ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

ﻭ ﺜﻛ ﻊﻣ ﺮ ﻦﻳﺬﻟﺍ ﻥﻮﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷﺍ ﺎﻫﺪﻤﺘﻋﺍ ﱵﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﻷﺍ ﺓ ﺍﻮﻌﻓﺍﺩ

ﺘﺒﺛﺃﻭ ﺍﻮ ﺎﺑﻬ ﺣ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﺔﻴﺠ

ﺍ ﺐﻫﺫ ،ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻦﻣ ﻥﻮﻴﻟﻮﺻﻷ

ﻔﻨﳊﺍ ﺔﻳﺮﻫﺎﻈﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻴ ﱃﺇ

ﻡﺪﻋ ﺒﺘﻋﺍ ﺭﺎ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ

.ﻊﻳﺮﺸﺘﻟﺍ ﺔﻟﺩﺃ ﻦﻣ ﻼﻴﻟﺩ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﻭ ﻑﺎﻨﺣﻷﺍ ﻯﺪﻟ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﻡﺪﻌﺑ ﻝﻮﻘﻟﺍ ﺔﺒﺴﻧ ﲎﺒﻳ ﻻ

ﻝﺍﻮﻗﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﺎﳕﺇ ﻞﺑ ،ﺔﻴﻔﻨﳊﺍ ءﺎﻤﻠﻋ ﻭﺃ ﺔﻔﻴﻨﺣ ﰊﺃ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻦﻣ ﺔﳛﺮﺻ ﺑ

ﲏ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻣ ﻰﻠﻋ

ﱂ ﻢ�ﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺔﻟﺍﺪﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ ﰲ ﻢﻬﺋﺍﺭﺁ ﻞﺜﻣ ،ﻢﻬﺒﻫﺬﻣ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺍﻭﺪﺴﻳ

.ﻝﺎﺟﻵﺍ ﻉﻮﻴﺑ ﻫﺮﻛﺫ ﻡﺪﻋ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺑ ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ

،ﻢﳍﻮﺻﺃ ﻦﻤﺿ "ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ" ﻢ

ﻪﻤﻜﺣ ﻰﻄﻌﺗ ءﻲﺸﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻥﺃ ﻰﻠﻋ ﺍﻮﺼﻧ ﻢﻫﻭ

) 2

؛(

ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭﻭ ﺔﺒﺟﺍﻭ ﺐﺟﺍﻮﻟﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻓ

) 1 ( ،ﺔﻴﻣﺎﻈﻨﻟﺍ ﻑﺭﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺓﺮﺋﺍﺩ ﺲﻠﳎ :ﺪﻨﳍﺍ) ،ﻯﱪﻜﻟﺍ ﻦﻨﺴﻟﺍ ،ﻲﻘﻬﻴﺒﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ 1344

:ﺚﻳﺪﳊﺍ ﻢﻗﺭ ،(ـ ﻫ 13762

.

) 2 ( ﺐﻴﺗﺮﺗ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺎﻨﺼﻟﺍ ﻊﺋﺍﺪﺑ ،ﱐﺎﺳﺎﻜﻟﺍ ﺝ (ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﻣ :ﺮﺼﻣ) ،ﻊﺋﺍﺮﺸﻟﺍ

7 ﺹ ، 106 .

ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﻢﻜﺣ ﻥﻮﻌﻀﻴﻓ ،ﺭﻮﻈﳏ ﺭﻮﻈﺤﳌﺍ ﳊ

ﺭﻮﻈﺤﳌﺍ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﱘﺮﲢﻭ ،ﺪﺻﺎﻘﳌﺍ ﻢﻜ

ﻨﻋ .ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻰﻠﻋ ﲎﺒﻳ ﻻ ﻢﻫﺪ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﰲ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺍﻮﻀﻓﺭ ﻥﺇﻭ ﺔﻴﻔﻨﳊﺍ ﻥﺃ ﺮﻛﺬﻟﺎﺑ ﺮﻳﺪﳉﺍﻭ

ﻥﺎﺴﺤﺘﺳﻻﺍ ﻢﻬﻘﻴﺒﻄﺗ ﺪﻨﻋ ﺔﻴﻬﻘﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻭﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﺾﻌﺑ ﰲ ﻢﻬﻨﻜﻟ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﺍﻮﻘﻓﺍﻭ

ﺍ

،ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﰲ ﺔﻠﺑﺎﻨﳊﺍﻭ ﺔﻴﻜﻟﺎﳌ ﻓ

ﻡﺪﻋ ﺔﻴﻀﻗ :ﻝﺎﺜﳌﺍ ﻞﻴﺒﺳ ﻰﻠﻌ ﺺﻴﺧﺮﺘﻟﺍ

ﺏﺍﻮ�ﺸﻠﻟ

(ﺔﺑﺎﺷ ﻊﲨ) ﺍ

ﻓ ،ﻦﻳﺪﻴﻌﻟﺍﻭ ﺔﻌﻤﳉﺍ ﺓﻼﺻ ﱃﺇ ﺝﻭﺮﳋ ﺎﻫﻮﻌﻨﻣ ﺪﻘ

ﱃﺇ ﺭﻮﻀﺤﻠﻟ ﺝﻭﺮﳋﺍ

ﻋﺎﻤﳉﺍ ﺓﻼﺻ ﱪﺘﻌﻳ ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻟﺍﻭ ،ﺔﻨﺘﻔﻟﺍ ﻉﻮﻗﻭ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻭ ﻦﻬﺟﻭﺮﺧ ﻥﻮﻜﻟ ﺕﺎ

،ﺎﻣﺮﳏ

ﻡﺍﺮﺣ ﻡﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻠﻴﺳﻮﻟﺍﻭ

) 1

. (

ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﺐﻫﺬﳌﺍ ﺎﻣﺃ -

ﻪﺴﺳﺆﻣ ﻢﻬﺘﻣﺪﻘﻣ ﻦﻣﻭ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻪﲪﺭ ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ

- ﺪﻘﻓ

ﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺾﻓﺭ ﰲ ﺕﺎﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﻞﺧﺍﺩ ﻉﻮﻗﻮﻟﺍ ﰲ ﻑﻮﳋﺍ ﻥﺃ ﻯﺮﻳ ﻪﻧﻷ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪ

ﳊﺍ ﺕﺎﺒﺛﺇ ﺯﻮﳚ ﻼﻓ ،ﻒﻴﻌﻀﻟﺍ ﻦﻈﻟﺍﻭ ﻢﻫﻮﻟﺍ ﻰﻠﻋ ﲏﺒﻣ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺓﺪﻋﺎﻗ ﻖﻴﺒﻄﺗ

،ﺎﺑﻬ ﻢﻜ

ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ،ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﺎﻬﻘﺒﻃ ﺪﻘﻓ ﺎﻴﻌﻄﻗ ءﺎﻀﻓﺇ ﺕﺎﻣﺮﺤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻴﻀﻔﳌﺍ ﻞﺋﺎﺳﻮﻟﺍ ﱘﺮﲢ ﺎﻣﺃ ﻪﻟﻮﻗ ﰲ ﻰﻠﺠﺘﻳ

" : ﻥﺎﻛ ﺎﻣﻭ ،ﻡﺍﺮﳊﺍﻭ ﻝﻼﳊﺍ ﱐﺎﻌﻣ ﻪﺒﺸﺗ ﻡﺍﺮﳊﺍﻭ ﻝﻼﳊﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ

ﺭﺫ ﻥﺎﻛ ﺎﻣ ﻚﻟﺬﻛﻭ ،ﻞﳛ ﱂ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻞﺣﺃ ﺎﻣ ﻊﻨﻣ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺫ ﻟﻠﻪﺍ ﻡﺮﺣ ﺎﻣ ﻝﻼﺣﺇ ﱃﺇ ﺔﻌﻳ

ﱃﺎﻌﺗ

) 2

. (

ﺪﻋﺎﻘﺑ ﺬﺧﻷﺍ ﺾﻓﺮﻳ ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﻞﻌﺟ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﱄﺎﺘﻟﺍ ﺮﻣﻷﺍ ﰒ ﺳ ﺓ

ﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪ ﻊﺋﺍ ﰲ

ﻮﻫ ﺔﻴﻋﺮﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻜﺣﻷﺍ ﻁﺎﺒﻨﺘﺳﺍ ﻷ

ﻠﺋﺎﻘﻟﺍ ﻥ ﺒﺛﺃ ﻊﺋﺍﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺳ ﺬﺧﺄﺑ ﲔ ﺍ ﺍﻮﺘ

ﻢﻜﳊ ﻋ ﺱﺎﻨﻟﺍ ﻰﻠ

ﺕﻻﻻﺪﻟﺍ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ ﻰﻠﻋﻭ ﻉﻮﻨﻤﳌﺍ ﱃﺇ ﻢﻫﺪﺼﻗ ﺭﻮﻬﻇ ﻰﻠﻋ ءﺎﻨﺑ ﻦﺋﺍﺮﻘﻟﺍﻭ

ﻋ ﻣ ﻰﻠ ﺪﺻﺎﻘ

،ﺪﺳﺎﻔﻟﺍ ﻢﻬﻠﻤﻋ ﻭ ،ﺩﻮﻘﻌﻟﺎﺑ ﻖﻠﻌﺘﳌﺍ ﻢﻜﳊﺍ ﻢﺗﻬﺎﺒﺛﺇ ﰲ ﺢﺿﺍﻭ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ

ﻚﻟﺬﻟ ﻮﻣﺮﺣ ﻊﻴﺑ ﺍ

ﻵﺍ ﺎﺑﺮﻟﺍ ﻦﺋﺍﺮﻗ ﻪﻴﻓ ﺮﻬﻈﺗ ﻱﺬﻟﺍ ﻝﺎﺟ ﺘﻜﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺩﺭﻭ ﺎﻣ ﻒﻟﺎﳜ ﺍﺬﻫﻭ ،

ﻭ ﺏﺎ ﺔﻨﺴﻟﺍ ﰲ ﺮﻈﻧ

.ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ

) 1 ( ﻟﺍ) ،ﺔﻌﻳﺭﺬﻟﺍ ﺪﺴﻟ ﺓﺮﺻﺎﻌﳌﺍ ﺕﺎﻘﻴﺒﻄﺘﻟﺍ ،ﻥﺮﻔﻟﺍ ﻦﲪﺮﻟﺍ ﺪﺒﻋ ﻒﺳﻮﻳ ،ﻱﺩﱪﻟﺍ ﺔﻌﺒﻄﻣ :ﺓﺮﻫﺎﻘ

202 ﺹ ،(ﻡ 76 .

) 2 ( ﻲﻌﻓﺎﺸﻟﺍ ﻡﺎﻣﻹﺍ ﺝ ،(ﺔﻓﺮﻌﳌﺍ ﺭﺍﺩ :ﺕﻭﲑﺑ) ،ﻡﻷﺍ ،

7

، ﺹ 297 .