User Interface Design

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User Interface Design

By

Dr Abdullah Alzahrani د . ينارهزلا نمحرلادبع نب اللهدبع

[email protected]

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PART 1

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Assessment تاجردلا عيزوت

 20% Mid-Term written exam

 10% assignments

 20% Project

 50% Final Exam

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20%

يرظن يفصن رابتخا

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10%

تافيلكتو ةكراشم

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20%

عورشم

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50%

يئاهن رابتخا

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Reference باتكلا عجرملا

Preece, Jennifer, Yvonne Rogers,

and Helen

Sharp. Interaction design . Apogeo Editore, 2004.

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Course materials

 All related materials of this course will be available on:

HTTPS://UQU.EDU.SA/AAHZAHRANI/

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 Introduction to Human Computer Interaction (HCI)

 HCI History

 Interaction Design

 Usability

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Introduction to Human

Computer Interaction (HCI)

 How many interactive products are there in everyday use?

 Think for a minute about what you use in a typical day:

 Cell phone,

 computer,

 remote control,

 coffee machine,

 ATM,

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Introduction to Human

 How many interactive products are there in everyday use?

 Think for a minute about what you use in a typical day:

 library information system,

 the web,

 photocopier,

 watch,

 printer,

 calculator, video game.. .

 the list is endless.

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Introduction to Human

 Now think for a minute about how usable they are.

 How many are actually easy, effortless, and enjoyable to use?

 All of them, several, or just one or two?

 This list is probably considerably shorter. Why is this so?

 Think about when some device caused you considerable pain - how much time did you waste trying to get it to work?

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Introduction to Human

 Two well-known interactive devices that cause numerous people huge grief are the photocopier that doesn't copy the way they want and the video recorder that records a different program from the one they thought they had set or none at all.

 Why do you think these things happen time and time again?

 Moreover, can anything be done about it?

 Many products that require users to interact with them to carry out their tasks (e.g., buying a ticket online from the web,

photocopying an article, pre-recording a TV program) have not necessarily been designed with the users in mind.

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Introduction to Human

 Typically, they have been engineered as systems to perform set of functions.

 While they may work effectively from an engineering viewpoint, it is often at the expense of how the system will be used by real people.

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 So, what is HCI?

 “discipline concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computer systems for human use, and with the study of the major phenomena surrounding them”. (ACM SIGCHI 92)

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HCI Aim

 HCI aims to “develop or improve the safety,

utility, effectiveness, efficiency and usability of system that include computers.”

(Interacting with computers, 1989, p3)

 Usability ..”ease of use”

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HCI Objectives

 The objectives of HCI are:

1. To understand the users of a given a system.

2. To select the best interaction design for a given purpose.

3. To determine how the user

interaction and experience should work and look.

4. To evaluate how good a specific user interaction is.

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Introduction to Human

 HCI is often regarded as the intersection of computer science, behavioral sciences, design and several other fields of study.

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HCI History

 The term human–computer interaction has only been in widespread use since the early 1980s, but has its roots in more established disciplines.

 The Second World War provided the motivation for studying the interaction between humans and machines, as each side strove to produce more effective weapons systems.

 As computer use became more widespread, an increasing number of researchers specialized in studying the interaction between people and computers, concerning themselves with the physical, psychological and theoretical aspects of this process.

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HCI History

 This research originally went under the name man–

machine interaction, but this became human–computer interaction in recognition of the particular interest in computers and the composition of the user population.

 HCI terms interchangeably used:

• HCI (Human Computer Interaction)

• MMI (Man Machine Interaction)

• CHI (Computer Human Interaction)

• HMI (Human Machine Interaction)

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Introduction to Human

 There are three entities in human- computer interaction:

1. Human

2. Computer

3. Interaction (Direct/Indirect)

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 What type of computers? Any type of computer:

• Desktop Computers/ Laptop

• Smart Mobiles

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 Interaction is

a “dialogue” between humans and computers, with an aim of exchanging information.

 The interaction between user(s) and

application(s) is achieved via an interface – user interface (UI)

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Interaction Design

 By INTERACTION DESIGN, we mean

 designing interactive products to support people in their everyday and working lives.

 In particular, it is about creating user experiences that enhance and extend the way people work, communicate and interact.

 Winograd (1997) describes it as "the design of spaces for human communication and interaction."

 In this sense, it is about finding ways of supporting people.

 This contrasts with software engineering, which focuses primarily on the production of software solutions for given applications.

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Interaction Design

 A simple analogy (طيسب سايق) to another

profession, concerned with creating buildings, may clarify this distinction.

 In his account of interaction design, Terry Winograd asks how architects and civil

engineers differ when faced with the problem of building a house. Architects are concerned with the people and their interactions with each other and within the house being built.

 For example, is there the right mix of family and private spaces? Are the spaces for cooking and eating in close proximity? Will people live in the space being designed in the way it was intended to be used?

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Interaction Design

 In contrast, engineers are interested in issues to do with realizing the project. These include practical concerns like cost, durability, structural aspects, environmental aspects, fire regulations, and

construction methods.

 Just as there is a difference between designing and

building a house, so too, is there a distinction between interaction design and software engineering. In short, interaction design is related to software engineering in the same way as architecture is related to civil

engineering.

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Defining Usability

 Usability is a key concept in the field of human-computer interaction.

 The term “usability” was coined in 1990s to replace the term

“user-friendly”.

 The International Standard ISO 9241-11 defines

USABILITY as “the extent to which a product can be used by specified users to achieve specified goals with

effectiveness, efficiency and satisfaction in a specified context of use”.

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Defining Usability

 “Effectiveness” means the accuracy and completeness with which users achieve specified goals.

 “Efficiency” means the amount of resources expended in relation to the product’s effectiveness.

 “Satisfaction” means that users can complete their tasks without discomfort, and that they feel positive about

using the product.

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Defining Usability

 Finally, the term “context” includes the users, their goals, the nature of the task(s), and the particular equipment, as well as the physical and social environments in which the product is used.

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Usability

 Usability is broken down into the following goals:

1. Effective to use (effectiveness) ةيلعاف 2. Efficient to use (efficiency) ةءافك

3. Safe to use (safety) ناما

4. Have good utility (utility) ةدعاسم 5. Easy to learn (learnability) ملعتلا ةيلباق

6. Easy to remember how to use (memorability) ركذتلا لهس 27

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Why Usability is Important

 Usability is currently being considered a critical quality factor for software systems, in general, and websites in particular.

 The impact of poor usability on websites can have serious consequences in a competitive environment.

 According to Nielsen (2001), 50% of potential Internet sales are abandoned due to poor website usability. Internet

businesses could potentially double their collective sales if e- shops could achieve a better standard regarding the quality of user experience.

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Terminology and definitions

 HCI

 Interaction

 Interaction design

 Usability

 Effectiveness

 Efficiency

 Satisfaction

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End

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