BAO DAM THVC HIEN NGHIA VU DAN SV BANG TAI SAN CUA NGVOI THV BA
v u THE HOAI*
Tom tat: B6 lu^t DSn sy nam 2015 quy dinh 09 bien ph^p bao ddm thyc hifn nghia vu vdi nhung sira dSi, bl sung cho phii harp vdi tinh hinh thuc tiln. Bai viet t|p trung phSn tich nhirng khia canh phap ty liSn quan den viec ngudi thi^ ba diing tai san de bao dam nghia vu cho ngiroi khac; tir dd, neu mpt so ki€n nghf, de xuat hoan thifn phap luat.
Tie khoa: Bien phdp bdo ddm; nghia vu ddn su; tdi sdn cua nguai thu ba.
Ngdy nhdn bdi: 04/3/2019; ngdy bien tap xong: 27/3/2019; ngdy duyet bdi:
02/4/2019.
Trong thuc tien giao dich dan su hien nay, viee sii dung tai san la quyen su dung dat, nha d de bao dam cho viec thuc hien nghia vu ciia ngudi thii ba dang dien ra kha phd bien va ciing phii hpp vdi nhu cau thuc te ciia cac td chiic, ca nhan. Theo quy dinh cua Bd luat Dan su (BLDS) nam 2015, trudng hpp thda thuan dung tai san bao dam thuc hien nghia vu tra no cho ngudi thii ba, thi ben nhan bao dam dupe quydn lua chpn mpt trong hai each. Cach thii nhat la giao ket hop ddng the chap.
1. Truong Thanh Diic, "P bien phdp bdo ddm nghia v{/ hgp dong", Nxb. Chinh tri Quoc gia su that, nam 2017,tr.206.
cam cd tai san, hoac each thir hai la giao ket hpp ddng bao lanh va ky them hpp ddng the chap, cam cd tai san de bao dam cho nghia vu bao lanh. Cach thii nhat la thyc hidn bien phap bao dam (BPBD) dl bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi khac, each nay kha don gian, rd rang hon each thii hai la thirc hien bien phap the chap thdng qua bao lanh bang tai san. Dieu nay cdn phu thupc vao each hieu ciia td chiic hanh nghe cdng chiing, co quan dang ky BPBD va dac biet la Tda an khi giai quyet tranh chap cd lien quan'.
* Tien sT, Pho Truing khoa Luat, Truing Dai hoc Ma thanh phd Hd Chi Minh.
So13(thang7/Mr
Tap chi tK
viuiii£N cm - TRAO DOI
1. Mpt so bien phap bao dam thuc hien nghia vu dan sy b^ng tai san cua ngiroi thu ba trong giao dich dan sy
Hien nay, eac BPBD dupe thuc hien bang tai san ciia ngudi thii ba thudng dupe cac ben ap dung la cac bien phap sau:
1.1. Trudrng hap ngudi thie ba the chdp, cdm co tdi sdn thupc so' hiru cua minh de bdo ddm thuc hien nghia vu cho ngudi cd nghia vu
Dilu 295 BLDS nam 2015 quy dinh:
"Tai san bao dam phai thupc quyin sd hiiu cua ben bao dam, trii trudng hpp cim giii tai san va bao luu quyen sd hihi".
Phap luat khdng ddi hdi tai san bao dam thuc hien nghia vu phai thude sd huu cua ben ed nghia vu. Do dd, ngudi thii ba hoan toan cd the diing tai san ciia minh de bao dara thuc hien nghia vu cho ngudi cd nghia vu. Quy dinh nay dupe xay dung tren ca sd ke thua va phap dien hda quy dinh tai Dilu 320 BLDS nam 2005, phap luat ve dat dai trudc day va Nghi dinh sd 163/2006/ND-CP ngay 29/12/2006 ciia Chinh phu ve giao dich bao dara. Khoan 1 Dilu 4 Nghi dinh sd 163/2006 neu tren quy dinh; "Tai san bao dara do cac ben thda thuan va thupc quyen sd hihi ciia ben cd nghia vu hoac thupc quyen sd hiiu cua ngudi thii ba raa ngudi nay cam ket dung tai san dd de bao dara thuc hien nghia vu cua ben cd nghia vu ddi vdi ben cd quyen".
Trong trudng hpp ben cd nghia vu khdng thyc hien nghia vu ciia minh thi ben nhan the chap, cam ed cd quyin xu ly tai san bao dam, neu viec xii ly tai san bao dam van khdng dii thi phan nghia vu cdn
lai se trd thanh nghia vu khdng CO dam, ben nhan bao dam trd thanh chu^^^
khdng cd bao dara ddi vdi ben co ng i vu. Trong trudng hoped thda thuan hoac phap luat cd quy djnh thi ngudi dupe bao dam phai hoan tra lai gia trj tai san cua ben bao dam da bi xii ly dl thanh toan np ciia ngudi nhan bao dam, ngoai ra co the bao gdm ca chi phi dich vu, tien thu lao.
Thuc tiln thdi gian qua cho thay, co che bao dam nghia vu ciia ngudi khac thuc su cd y nghia dli vdi ngudi dan, cac doanh nghiep khdi nghiep, doanh nghiep vua va nhd trong viec tilp can dupe ngudn vdn phu hpp dl dap ling nhu cau ve nha d, dau tu, san xuit, kinh doanh... Bao dam bang tai san cua ngudi thii ba cho phep ngan hang ed them mdt BPBD ngoai bao lanh va bao dam bing chinh tai san cua ben vay. Ben bao dara cd the lua chpn bien phap nay thay cho bao lanh, neu chi mudn gidi han trach nhiem trong pham vi tai san dupe Sli dung de bao dam.
Tuy nhien, BLDS nam 2015 khdng quy dinh true tiep ve viee bao dam thuc hien nghia vu dan su bang tai san ciia ngudi thii ba. Dieu nay lam xuat hien su lo ngai ve viec nha lam luat khdng cd quan diera rd rang, dan den vide cd thi lam phat sinh nhihig nii ro phap ly cho cac chu thi, nhat la ddi vdi ben nhan bao dam. Su lo ngai nay la chinh dang, vi trong thuc tien ed Tda an da timg tuyen hpp ddng thi chip tai san dl bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi khac la vd hieu do luat khdng cd quy dinh cu thi. Trong BLDS nam 2015 ciing khdng cd bit ky quy dinh nao vl viec gidi h^n quyin cua
/So 13 (thang 7/2019)
r "^
cac chu the trong viec lua chpn bao dam thuc hien nghia vu bang tai san ciia ngudi thu ba; kbdng gidi h^n chii the eiia cac BPBD phai la chii np va ben np, nghia vu dupe bao dam phai la nghia vu cua ben dupe bao dam hogc tai san bao dam phai thupc sd hihi eiia bdn cd nghia vu duac bao dara.
1.2. Tru&ng hpp nguoi thu ba Id ben bdo lanh ditng tdi sdn cua minh de cdm CO, the chdp eho ben nhdn bdo lanh de bdo ddm thuc hipn nghia vu bdo lanh
D i l u 335 BLDS nara 2015 quy dinh v l khai niera bao lanh nhu sau: "Bao lanh la viec ngudi thii ba (sau day gpi la ben bao lanh) cam ket vdi ben cd quyen (sau day gpi la ben nhSn bao lanh) se thuc hien nghia vu thay eho ben cd nghia vu (sau day gpi la ben dupe bao lanh), neu khi den thdi han thyc hien nghia vu ma ben dupe bao lanh khdng thuc hien hoac thuc hien khdng diing nghia vu" va ben bao lanh cd the cam cd hay the chap rapt tai san cu the nao dd ciia minh (khoan 3 Dieu 336 BLDS nam 2015). N h u vay, cac ben ed the thda thuan ben bao lanh diing tai san cua minh de eSm ed, the chap cho ben nhan bao lanh de bao dam thuc hien nghia vu bao lanh.
Trong trudng hpp ben cd nghia vu khdng thuc hien hoae thuc hien khdng diing nghia vu (chang han ben vay khdng tra hoac tra khdng bet khoan no), ben nhan bao lanh (vi du ngan hang eho vay) cd quyen yeu cau ben bao lanh thuc hien nghia vu. Neu sau khi xu ly tai san bao dam ma ben nhan bao lanh khdng thu dupe dli sd tiln tuong duong vdi nghia vu
dupe bao lanh thi ben nhan bao lanh se trd thanh chu n p khdng cd bao dam cua ben diing ra bao lanh. Quy dinh cua BLDS nam 2015 tuong ddi rd rang, tao dilu kien cho cac ben trong quan he nay cd nhilu co hpi d l lya chpn BPBD phu hop vdi giao dich dy dinh xac lap, thiic day viec phat huy gia tri eua tai san trong nen kinh te thi trudng^.
Theo quy dinh tai khoan 3 Dieu 336 BLDS nam 2015 thi: "Cac ben cd t h i thda thuEin sii dung BPBD b i n g tai san de bao dam thyc hien ngbia vu bao lanh".
Day la quan he rat phd bien, nhu trudng hpp A cho B vay va C diing tai san cua minh de bao dam. Quan diem cua Tda an nhan dan toi eao van theo hudng C la ngudi bao lanh, nghia vu bao lanh bao dam cho hop ddng vay va lai dupe bao dam bang tai san ciia C va thdng thudng la the chap (tai san khdng bao dam true tiep cho hpp ddng vay ma bao dam cho nghia vu bao lanh)^. Bp luat Dan su nam 2015 quy dinh nhu tren khdng thuc su mdi so vdi thyc tien xet xu tai Tda an.
Van de khd khan trong thyc tiln ap dung phap luat la BLDS nam 2015, ben canh viec quy dinh bao lanh khdng bang tai san, cdn ca bao lanh bang tai san; ddng thdi vdi viec cam cd, the eh&p bang tai san de bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi thii ba. Dieu khdng rd la khi quy dinh: "Cac ben cd the thda thuan su dung BPBD
2. Xem them. Bo Tu phap, "Nhiing diem mai err bdn ciia BLDS ndm 2015 ", Nxh. Lao dpng nam 2017, tr.l69.
3. Do Van Dai, "Ludt nghia vu ddn sif vd bdo ddm thifc hi?n nghia vu ddn sir", Nxb Hong Dire, Ban an so 154-156.
Sd13(th»ig7/20ir. 3 Tap chi
NCHIEN CIJU - TRAO DPI
bang tai san dl bao dam thuc hien nghia vu bao lanh"'', nhung trong cae quy dinh cu the vl xu ly tai san bao dam thi chi dl c^p den cim cd, thi chip, khong dl cap den van dl xu ly tai san dung dl bao dam eho ngbia vu bao lanh^ Nhu vay, BLDS nam 2015 quy dinh vl vin dl nay vin gidng nhu quy dinh ciia BLDS nam 2005.
Trong cac luat trudc day luon cd su quy dinh ddng bd la khdng cd viec cam cd, the chap tai san dl bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi khac. Tuy nhien, van de nay sinh ddi vdi BLDS nam 2015 la dat hai loai quy dinh tning lap nhau, vua cdng nhan bao lanh ddi vat, viia cdng nhan ca viec cim cd, thi chap tai san de bao dam thyc hien nghia vu ciia ngudi thii ba^.
Tiic la, BLDS nam 2015 da xda bd khoang each phan biet ve cam cd, the chap va bao lanh ddi vat. Dieu nay ciing dan den su chdng cheo giiia eac bien phap cam cd, the chap va bao lanh de bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi thii ba. Quy dinh ve bien phap bao lanh trong BLDS nam 2015 tao dieu kien eho eac chii the cd the sur dung ddng thdi nhieu each thiic bao dam. Dd la, viec bao lanh khdng bang tai san va viec bao lanh long ghep ddng thdi bai bien phap la bao lanh cho nghia vu ciia ngudi thu ba ket hpp bien phap cam
4. Xem' Khoan 3 Dieu 336 BLDS nam 2015 vS "pham vi bao lanh".
5. Xem: Dilu 303 BLDS nam 2015 \k "phuang thiic xu ly tai san cam c6, the ch§p"; Di6u 304 v6 "ban tai san cam CO, th6 chap" va Di6u 307 vg "thanh toan s5 tiSn co dugc tir viec xii ly tai san cam c6, the ch§p".
6. Tnrong Thanh Diic, "9 bien phdp bdo dam nghia vii hap dong", Nxb. Chinh tn Qu5c gia su that nam 2017, tr-201.
Cd hoac thi chip tai sin dk bao dam thVC hien nghia vy bao lanh^- Thuc r a j ^
trong Luat dk dai nam 1993 va nam 2003). Cac chu the giao dich cung nhu cac CO quan chiic nang cd thi khdng phan biet dupe tai sao va khi nao thi thuc bien thing bien phap the chap de bao dam nghia vu cho ngudi thii ba va khi nao thi thuc hien bien phap thi chip thong qua bao lanh bang tai san.
Dilm bit hop ly nay cd the dupe ly giai thdng qua nhan dinh ve bien phap bao lanh nhu sau: Trong thyc tien giao dich dan su hien nay, viec su dung tai san la quyen sii dung dat, nha d de bao dam eho viec thuc hien nghia vu cua ngudi thii ba van dang dien ra kha phd bien dya theo nguyen tac "ngudi dan dupe quyen lam nhiing gi raa luat khdng cam", chii khdng phai chi dupe lam nhihig gi luat quy dinh. Do do, ddi vdi bien phap bao lanh, viec sii dung tai san bao dam bay khdng la do cac ben chii the tu quyet dinh va de tao dieu kien thuan lpi trong viec xac lap, thyc hien cac giao dich trong thyc te ddi sdng xa hdi.
Trong thyc tien, vdi cac trudng hpp vira sir dung tai san bao dara vita thuc hien viec bao lanh khdng bang tai san dl tra np cho ngudi thii ba thi nen tach rieng hai hop ddng theo hai quan he khac nhau.
7. Truong Thanh Diic, "9 bien phdp bdo ddm nghia W App ddng", Nxb. Chinh trj QuSc gia sir th|t nam 2017,tr.202.
/5o13(thang7/»19)
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^ • ^ ^Nc::^::
dd la: Giao kdt hpp ddng thd chap bang tai san (trong pham vi gia tri tai san bao dam) va hpp ddng bao lanh khdng bang tai san de bao dam nghia vu tra np ciia ngudi thii ba (chiu trach nhiera ve toan bd nghia vu tra np).
1.3. Tnrdng hop bdo ddm nghia vft cua ngudi dwcfc dqi dien bang tdi sdn ciia nguoi dai dien
Theo quy dinh cua BLDS nam 2015, rapt ca nh§n, phap nhan ed the dai dien cho nhieu ca nhan hoac phap nhan khac nhau nhung khdng dupe nhan danh ngudi dupe dai dien dd xac lap, thuc hien giao dich dan sy vdi chinh minh hoac vdi ben thii ba ma minh ciing la ngudi dai dien ciia ngudi dd, tru trudng hpp phap luat cd quy dinh khac^.
Tu quy dinh nay ed y kien cho rang, trong trudng hpp ngudi dai didn dung tai san ciia minh de bao dam ngbia vu cua ben dupe dai dien la khdng phu hpp vdi quy dinh ciia BLDS nam 2015. Tuy nhien, bang ngoai le
"phap luat cd quy dinh khac", BLDS nam 2015 khdng phii nhan tuydt ddi eac giao dich do ngudi dai dien xac lap, thuc hidn giao dich dan su vdi chinh minh hoac vdi ben thii ba ma mmh ciing la ngudi dai dien ciia ngudi dd. Dieu nay eung the hien thdng qua cac quy dinh tai khoan 1 Dieu 16, khoan 1 Dieu 86 va khoan 1 Dieu 162 Luat doanh nghiep nam 2014. Theo dd, trudng hpp dieu le doanh nghiep khdng cd quy dinh khac thi ngudi dai dien cua doanh nghiep cd thi bao dam thue hien nghia vu cho doanh nghiep ma rainh dai dien neu
dupe Hdi ddng thanh vien, Dai hdi cd ddng, Hdi ddng quan tri chap thuan^.
Ngoai ra, can cii vao quy dinh cua phap luat, ngudi dai dien ciing cd the bao dam bang tai san cua minh trong viec thue hien nghia vu ciia ngudi dupe dai dien trong cac trudng hpp khac. Chang ban, theo quy dinh tai Dieu 59 BLDS nam 2015 thi ngudi giam hp duoc thyc bien giao dich dan sy lien quan den tai san ciia ngudi dupe giam bd vi lpi ich cua ngudi dupe giam hd; cac giao dich dan sy giiia ngudi giam hp vdi ngudi dupe giam hd cd lien quan din tai san ciia ngudi dupe giam hd deu vd hieu, trir trudng hpp giao dich dupe thyc hien vi lpi ich eua ngudi dupe giam hd.
Ddi vdi nhiing trudng hop khac, viec bao dam thyc hien nghia vii cua ngudi dai dien bang tai san cua ngudi dupe dai dien phai thyc hien tbeo nguyen tac hpp ddng vi loi ich ciia ngudi thii ba. Tiic la ngudi dupe dai dien ehi la ngudi thy hudng lpi ich tit viec bao dara thue hien nghia vu, quan he giiia ben bao dara va ben dupe bao dam phai la quan he khdng cd den bii, ben dupe bao dam khdng phai thyc hien bat ky mdt nghia vu nao ddi vdi ben bao dam. Trudng hpp bdn dupe bao dam phai cd nghia vu ddi vdi ben bao dara thi ddng nghia vdi viec ngudi dai dien da giao dich vdi ngudi dupe dai dien, dieu nay khdng phu hpp vdi quy
8. Xem: Khoan 3 Dieu 141 BLDS n v^ "ph^m vi dai di?n"
[12015 quy dmh
9. Xem: Dieu 86 Luat doanh nghi?p nam 2014 quy dinh: "Doi voi cong ty trach nhi^m huu ban mgt thanh vien, viec bao dam nghia vu trong tnrong hgp nay cung duoc chap nhan neu chu tich cong ty, giam doc hoac tong giam doc xem xet quyet dinh".
So 13 (thang 7/7019''
Tap chi I
nuHiLH CUV - TRAO DOI
dinh cua BLDS nam 2015 vl gidi ban pham vi dai dien. D I tranh phiic tap v^
nhiing rui ro phap ly khdng cin thilt, cac ben can tach bach ro quan he nhu d trudng hpp thii nhit, hpp ddng bao dam chi nen ed chii ky hoac bang hinh thiic chap nhan khac dupe the hien tren van ban giiia ben nhan bao dam (chii np) va ben bao dara (ngudi dai dien)^''.
2. Mot sd dl xuat, kiln nghi Ngoai nhiing trudng hop tren, mdt van dl dat ra trong BLDS nam 2015, dd la chua xac dinh rd quyen bao dam la quyin gi ciia chii sd hihi tai san, nen khi chu sd hiiu iiy quyen cho ngudi khac toan quyen chiem hihi, sii dung va dinh doat tai san thi cd ddng nghia vdi viec ngudi dd cd dupe phep dung tai san de cam cd, the chap tai san hay khdng? Tren thyc te, van ban uy quyen chi ghi iiy quyen ddi vdi quyen sd hiiu la chua day du, ma thudng phai ghi rd la iiy quyen cam cd, the chap tai san'^ Xet ve hau qua phap ly cua viec bao dam, nhat la trudng hpp phai xir ly tai san dl thue hien nghia vu bao dara, cd the coi quyen bao dam tuong ty nhu quyen dinh doat tai san. Luat doanh nghiep nam 2014 ciing cd mdt sd quy dinh gian tiep rang quyen bao dam la quyen dinh doat.
Dd la thanh vien gdp vdn cdng ty cd quyen "dinh doat phan vdn gdp ciia rainh bang each dk thira ke, tang cho, the chap.
10. Http :/Avww fdvn.vn/tai- lieu-phap-luat/bao -dam- thuc-hien-nghia-vu-dan-su-cho-neuoi-khac-ironp-bo-luat- dan-su-nam-2015/ {ngay tray cap: 08/02/2019).
11. Truong Thanh Diic, "9 bien phdp bdo dam nghia vu hop ddng". Nxb. Chinh tri Quoc gia su that nam 2017, tr.15.
cim ed va cac hinh thiic khac theo quy dinh cua phap luat va dilu le cdng ty" •
That ra, cd thi eoi quyin bao dam bing tai san la mdt dang quyin djnh doat tai san cd dilu kien, Dilu kien trong trudng hpp nay la khi phai xu ly tai san dl bao dam thyc hien nghia vu dupe bao dam. Nghia la chii sd hiiu tai san chap nhan, nlu xay ra su vi pham nghia vu theo thda thuan bao dam thi tai san se dupe dinh doat theo cac phuong thiic da dupe cac ben thda thuan trong BPBD.
Ndi each khac, khi da sir dung tai san vao giao dich bao dam thi ehii sd hiiu tai san se bi roi vao trang thai c6 the phai bi xu ly quyin sd hiiu tai san de thuc hien nghia vu thanh toan vao bat cii liic nao'^.
Khang dinh van de tren la rat quan trpng de bao dam viec xac dinh diing quyen, nghia vy cua cac chu the ddi vdi giao dich bao dam trong cac trudng hpp phap luat chi quy dinh ve quyen dinh doat tai san raa khdng quy dinh cu thi vl quyin bao dam nghia vu. Ching ban, khi phap luat quy dinh quyen dinh doat cua va, chdng ddi vdi tai san thupc sd hihi chung ciia vp, chdng; quyin dinh doat ciia bd, me ddi vdi tai san thupc sd hihi rieng ciia eon; quyin dinh doat cua cac thanh vien hd gia dinh dli vdi tai san cua hd gia dinh; quyen dinh doat eua cd ddng, thanh vien va ngudi quan ly doanh nghiep ddi vdi tai san cua doanh nghiep; quyin
12. Xem: Diem e khoan 1 D i k 182 Luat doanh nghiep nam 2014 ve quyen va nghTa vy ciia thanh vign gop vfln
13 Truong Tlianh Diic, "P b,en phdp bdo ddm nghia vu hap dong", Nxb. Chinh tri Qu6c gia su that nam
/ S o 13(thang 7/2019)
dinh doat cua cac ben lien quan trong cac giao dich mua, ban, van chuyen hang hda, tai san... trong thuc tien ddi song xa hpi.
Van de phap ly phat sinh ddi vdi bidn phap the chap va bao lanh bang tai san ciia ngudi thii ba lien quan den giay td chiing minh quyen sd hihi va thii tyc phap ly. Ben c6 nghia vu khdng tra dupe np thi ngudi thii ba cam cd, the chap, bao lanh cd nghia vu tra np thay. Neu ngudi thii ba khdng thyc hien viec tra np thi radi xii ly tai san bao dam. Tai san bao dam cua ngudi thii ba ciing cd the la tai san hien hihi hoac tai san hinh thanh trong tuang lai. Neu la tai san hinh thanh trong tuong lai cua ngudi thii ba thi miic dp nii ro ciing la van de can dupe quan tam ddi vdi ben nhan bao dam.
Viec mpt ngudi ky hpp ddng cam cd, the chap de bao dam nghia vy eho ngudi thii ba, ma chu yeu la de bao dam nghia vu tra np cua ngudi thii ba vay vdn tai cac td chirc tin dyng ngSn hang dupe thuc hien mdt each rat phd bien, hop phap, hpp ly. Trong khi cac td chiic hanh nghe cdng chiing va ca quan dang ky BPBD khdng chap nhan viec cdng chiing va dang ky hpp ddng bao lanh, ma chi chap nhan hpp ddng the chap bang tai san, vi Luat cdng chiing nam 2014 chi quy dinh viec cdng chiing hop ddng the chap tai san, ma khdng quy dinh vipc cdng ehiing hpp ddng bao lanh bang tai san'''.
Ddi vdi trudng hpp ben bao dam la ea nhan, cac quy dinh hien hanh va BLDS nam 2015 van chua de cap den khia canh
14. Xem: Dieu 54 Lu|t cong chung nam 2014 ve
"C6ng chiing hpp Sbng thg chip bit dgng san".
nay. Thilt nghi, nen cd eac quy dinh nham giiip bao ve ben bao dam dac biet nay, chang ban nhu cdng nhan quyin eua ben bao dam dupe yeu cau ben cd nghia vu thyc hien hoan tra cho minh trong pham vi gia tri tai san bao dam da bi ehu np xur ly, hay sd tiln raa ben bao dam da tra cho ben ed quyin trong trudng hpp nit lai tai san bao dam. Day ciing chinh la each tiep can cua nhilu nIn phap luat tien tien tren the gidi nhu: Anh, Phap, noi ma BPBD nay dupe cdng nhan mdt each rdng rai. Trong khi chd dpi luat quy dinh hoan chinh hon, ben bao dam nen ed thda thuan cu the bang van ban vdi ben cd nghia vu ve viec hoan tra nay trudc khi giao ket hpp ddng bao dam vdi ngan hang, td chiic tin dung hoae ben cd quyen khac.
Tuy nhien, de bao dam thdng nhat trong nhan thiie, ap dung va thi hanh phap luat, can thiet cd nhung quy dinh hudng dan cy the, ro rang ban trong thdi gian tdi. Tda an nhan dan tdi cao can cd hudng dan hoac ban hanh nhiing an le cd lien quan den van tren de thdng nhat trong viec ap dung phap luat nham giai quyet cac vy viec cd lien quan den giao dich bao dara thyc hien nghia vy cho chu the khac. Phap luat chuyen nganh (nhu: Luat dat dai, nha d, kinh doanh bat ddng san, tin dung ngan hang, chiing khoan...) Cling can cd nhiing quy dinh chi tiet, day du hon trong cac trudng hpp bao dam thyc hien nghia vy bang tai san eua ngudi thu ba nham tao dieu kien thuan lpi, dam dam an toan phap ly, han chl cac riii ro trong viec xac lap, thyc hien giao dich bao dam trong thue tidn hien nay.n
So 13(thafig 7/2019)
Tap chi I
