CHUYEN OE: DBSCL T I M H U A N G PHAT TRIEN NONG NGHIEP
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Ca tra '??ep"c[Uofng vao Myi
I T R U N G C H A N H I
Trong khi mot so'nha chuyen mon dang lo lang viec My ap dung Dao luat Nong trai (Farm Bill) doi vdi ca tra Viet Nam la nhlim muc dich bao ho n I n san xuat trong nUdc cua ho, thi doanh nghiep hoat dong d ITnh vUc nay cung khong may lac quan ve tinh hinh xuSt khIu ca tra sang My thai gian tdi.
LoMydatradeb&oho NhQng tieu chuan nhQ SAP, Globai- GAP hay ASC_, dang dQdc ngQfli nufli va doanh nghiep xult khau ca tra Vilt Nam ap dyng, se efl khdng c6 y nghTa gi trong thfli gian tfli khi xuat khau san pham sang My, bfli qudc gia nay yeu clu phai theo mot h i thdng tieu chuan cua My va duoc hp ddng y la tJdng dut^g.
Day la yeu clu co ban nlm trong "quy djnh cudi cung" v l vi|c thiet l^p chOdng Irinh giam sat ddi vfli cac loai ca thuoc bfl Siluriformes, trong dfl cfl ca tra, ca basa cua Viet Nam, viia dOdc Bp Nflng nghiep My (USDA) ban hanh trong Dao luat Farm Bill.
Mflt cau hoi dOdc dat ra la li|u Viet Nam cfl dap Qng dQOc cac ylu clu cua phia My hay khdng? Ong TnJcttig Dinh Hoe, Tdng thQ ky Hiep hpi che bien va xult khau thuy san Viel Nam (VASEP), cho rang ca tra Viet Nam san xuat d l ban di qudc td va thue td da dat eac
tilu chuan lien quan ma qudc td da quy dinh, chang han nhQ van d l kiem scat chat luong san pham, quan ly vilng nudi- Trong khi dd, vfli Farm Bill, dQ My CO d^t ra quy djnh
mfli la gi, tht hp cung phai tuan thu cae nguyen tac, chuan mUe cua qudc te, chQ khflng phai mudn dat cai gi la dat, 'cho nen nlii chl xet ve yeii td ky thuat, minh cd the dap Qng dOdc, nhutig v l mat bao hd, neu My khdng mudn ca tra vao, ho noi khflng tUdng dOdng thi minh cung phai chju thfli", flng cho biet.
6ng Vo Hung DiJng, Pho chu tich kilm Tdng thQ ky Hiep hoi ca tra Viet Nam (VN Pangasius), dan cdng bd cua
"Oiling ta dffig nen a ddi thdc dyng rao on dn vdi My tnmg vifc nhap khau nguyen lifu bong nganh dian nuoi va thSmdil Id thjt bo, b^vi trong thifmig mai dwyen Aanh doi la rat thifdng hay Kiy ra. Anh ap cai viec ^ do vdi diijng toi, dii Chung t« ding CD bien phap ngin sjn ph«n dia anh, do la cai hUdng chiing ta nen nghi den*
USDA, cho biet Farm Bill se dOOc thgc hiln tQ thang 3-2016 va cfl thcri gian chuyen tidp la 18 thang. Hai van dl chinh oJa Farm Bill ta: ThQ nhlt, USDA se kiem tra 100% san
• * • pham, chQ khflng nhQ FDA (Co quan quan ly dudc pham va ^Qe phlm My) trUflc day la 1%; thQ hai nQa la se ap dung ky thu^
san xuat tUdng dOdng ma USDA ban hanh de nha sin xuat trong nUSc ap dyng va nha san xuat d nQflc ngoai ban vao My cung phai dat nhQ vay. 'Cho nIn theo tdi, Farm Bill la mflt vln d l rlt la khfl d ^ vfli nganh ca Viet Nam, b& vi: Thif nhlt, giOa nIn san xuat cua My va Viet Nam no c6 sQ khac bill;
thuT hai, neu day la cai vu nham can tid nhap khau ca tra vao My, thi cho du ky
arm Bill?
thuat, tilu chuIn chdng ta tdt, he thdng ed tQdng dQdng vfli My di nQa, nhQng hp danh gia nfli khflng tQdng dQOng thi cung khflng lam gi dQdc", dng nhin manh.
DQng ci goc dp doanh nghilp, flng Nguyin Van D?o, Tdng giam dfl'c Cdng ty CO phan Cd Dang (Tiln Giang), cho bil't tQ truflc d i n nay. My "trong" ea tra Vt|t Nam v6 eai luat chdng ban pha gia dQfli sQ giam sat eua FDA de ho bao hfl san xuat trong nQflc. NhQng, hien nay hp "trong" qua them mpt bd lu^t nQa va do USDA giam sat la Farm Bill va ho bat budc h i thdng tQ san xuat den xuat khau cua Viet Nam phai tQOng dQdng he thdng cua My nen vln de se cang phQe t^p hdn, "NhUng theo tdi, myc dich cua My cung khdng nam ngoai la de bao ho san xult trong nQflc cua ho", flng Dao cho biet.
Xuat khau se kho?
Vfli nhQng gi phfa My ylu elu dfl'i vfli nganh ca tra Vi|t Nam, flng Dao cua Go Dang nfli: "Chac chin trong thfli gian dau khi My ap dung, minh phai "bim dap" thfli vi dieu kiln giQa hai nQfle cfl mflt khoang each Ifln. Mflt thang la "thIy" va mpt thing la "hpc trfl", thi chic chan "trfl" lam sao bang
"thay", cho nen thfli gian dIu cung se bi
"khong" lai fl thi tafflng nay".
6ng Nguyin Van Kich, Tdng giam ddc Tap doan Cafatex (Hgu Giang), eho ring tuy ehi mfli la danh gia sd bfl ban dIu, nhQng c6 the se cfl ba kich ban ddi vfli nganh ea tra Vilt Nam bdi lu|t Farm Bill cQa My: ThQ nhlt. Farm Bill khfl din mQc doanh nghilp khflng thQc hien dQdc, ddng nghla xuat khau ca tra vao My se b l tie; thQ hai, chf vai don vi manh v l tai chfnh lam dQflc, nhQng gia thanh san xuat luc dfl se t3ng l l n rat cao, cfln nhQng ddn v| nho khflng thQc hiln dQde, thi xult khIu vao My eung si giam; thQ ba, hlu het doanh nghilp efl the dap Qng dQdc, nghTa la xuat khau vao My vln dQflc duy tri nhQ hiln nay.
Tuy nhien, theo flng Kich, vdi nhQng ylu clu rat khit khe cua Farm Bill, thi kjch bin thQ ba se rlt khfl dien ra nhQ
Thu hoaeh cd tra dOBSCL. Anh DUYKHtlONG
"Can ph j i ph^n ddi Farm Bill, t(r cap Chinh phii ma cu the la Bo Cong Thi/cfng, Bo Ndng nghiep va Phat trien nong thon, Bp Ngoai giao nIn co third! phSn ddi vdi phfa My rang lam nhif vay la vi pham cam kit WTO, no anh hQcing rat Ifln den sinh ke cua ngiTtri dan khu vucBong bang sdng CAu Long (DBSCL), tham chi trong phan ddi co tiie tinh den chuyen kien My.
(Ong Vo Hung Dung, Ph6 Chu tjch kiem Tong thulifHi^ hoi cd tra Viet Nam)
ky vong va dilu nay ddng nghTa vfli viec xuat khIu ea tra vao My trong tddng lai se khfl khan hdn rat nhilu.
NhQ vgy, h i qua tiep theo ma Vilt Nam cd the ganh ehiu, dd la doanh nghilp se chuyin hQflng khai thac nhQng thi tn/flng khac ngoai My. "Khi xuat khau vao My giam xudng dang ke, thi se tac dong den cac thi trQflng khac, nhQng nhQng thi ta/flng khac trong bfl'i canh nhQ EU bi gifli han, tilt kilm chi tilu; Nhat phai dau tranh gilm phat va eae nQflc khac thay v|y cung si ep minh vi nhu clu cua ho la nhQ vay thoi. Nfli tflm lai. Farm Bill se tae dflng, nhQng den mQc nao thi con tuy cap dp", dng
Kieh eho biet.
Trndc nhQng kho khan nhQ tren, dng Dung cLia VN Pangasius, cho rang cin phai phIn ddi Farm Bill, tQ cap Chinh phCi ma eu the la Bfl Cong ThQdng, Bp Nong nghiep va Phat triln nflng thon, Bfl Ngoai giao nIn cfl thQ d l phan ddi vfli phia My ring lam nhQ vay la vi pham cam ket WTO, no anh hQflng rlt Ifln den sinh ke eua ngQfli dSn khu vQc Dong bIng sflng CQQ Long (DBSCL), tham ehi trong phan ddi cfl the tinh den ehuyin kiln My.
Tuy nhien, theo flng Dung, Vilt Nam cung phai tinh ddn vile n3ng cap san xult trong nQflc. "Vile nay khdng phai chi dfli phfl vfli vfli Farm Bill ma that sQ nIn san xuat chung ta cung cfl van de.
Chung ta keu ca rlt nhilu tQ chuyen mg bang, ham am din ehuyin v l sinh mdi trQflng", flng din chQng.
Bin canh do, Vilt Nam phli cfl thao luan sau hdn vdi phia My v l eac tieu ehuin hp dat ra trong Farm Bill. Vi dy, vfli vi|e hp ban hanh tilu chuan dd, thi Bp Ndng Nghiep va Phat trien ndng thfln se thao luan tilu chuIn dfl nhQ t h i nao va Id trinh thQc hien ra lam sao de giam bflt khfl khan cho nganh ea tra trong nQflc. Q
N O N G T H O N M d i Ky2thang 12/2015 I
