Phat trien du lich tinh Phu Tho trong b6l canh lien ket vung va hoi nhap quoc te
* • I • N G O Y E N MINH TOAN"
Torn tit
Phdt triin du lich trong bdi cdnh md rgng lien ke't vUng vd hgi nhgp quoc ti'dang trd thdnh xu hudng tdt yeu mang tinh quyet dinh de du Ijch trd thdnh ngdnh kinh temiii nhgn. Tuy nhien, d Phu Thg. trong nhffng ndm vffa qua, viic phdt Irien du lich chUa dugc thuc hiin hiiu qud vd bgc lg nhieu bdt cap. Bdi vii't nhdm ddnh gid thuc trgng vd de xudt gidi phdp ndng cao hieu qud phdt trien du lich cda Phu. Thg trong bo'i cdnh liin kit vung vd hgi nhgp qudc ti'.
Tit khda: hiiu qud, phdt trien du lich, lien kit vung vd hgi nhdp quoc te Summary
Boosting tourism in the context of extensive regional linkage and international integration is inevitable and decisive for tourism to be a spearhead economic sector. However, tourism in Phu Tho has not grown effectively and revealed many shortcomings in recent years. This article aims to assess the current situation and propose solutions lo improve the efficiency of Phu Tho's tourism developmeni in the context of regional linkage and iniemational integration.
Keywords: efficiency, tourism development, regional linkage and international integration
GI61 THlf U
Thupc viing Trung du va mien nui phia Bdc, Phu Thg dtfdc bie't de'n la cdi noi cua nen van hda Lac Viet, trung tdm sinh tu cua ngtfdi Viet Co, thdi cdc Vua Hiing dtfng ntfdc Van Lang. Trai qua hing ngan ndm lich stf, Tinh sd htfu he Ihd'ng cdc gia tri vdn hda vat the va phi vdt the phong phu vdi 1.372 di tich lich stf vdn hda (vdi Khu di tich Den Hung li di flch qud'c gia dac biet) vd he Ihd'ng cic ll hdi dan gian, loai hinh nghd thuat d§c trtfng cua vung daft To (trong do Hat Xoan Phu Thp va Tin ngtfdng thd cung Hilng Vtfdng dtfpc UNESCO cdng nhan li di sin van hda phi vdl the the' gidi).
Phd Thp cung la linh gidu lai nguyen du Hch ttf nhidn vdi nhieu danh lam thdng cinh, nhtf: Vtfdn qud'c gia Xuan Sdn vdi he thdng hang dgng, hd dgng, thtfc vat vi canh quan thidn nhien phong phu, da dang; md ntfdc khoang ndng Thanh Thuy vdi trtf Itfdng ldn cd kha ndng dtfdng benh; dam Ao Chau, dim Vdn Hpi in bdng nhffng riltig cp, ddi che...
Song, cho de'n nay, vide phdt huy cac tiem nang tren dd phat trien du lich van cdn han chd'. Tinh chtfa tinh dd'n hidu qua phit trien du lich vd dang lung tung trtfdc viec lam the' ndo de du lich trd thanh ITnh vtfc kinh te' mui nhpn. Trtfdc flnh hinh dd, tdc gia di sdu vao phan tich thtfc trang, gop them can ctfde' UBND tinh Phu Thp xdy dtfng chie'n Itfdc phdt trien du lich theo htfdng md rpng lien ke't va hgi nhap qud'c te'.
c a SCf LY THUYET VA PHaONC PHAP NGHIEN cCU
Theo lac gia, phat trie'n du lich trong bd'i canh md rdng lidn ke't vung vd hgi nhap quo'c te' la vide phdt trid'n du lich flnh ldi diy du vide phat huy gid tri lien ke't vung va hdi nhap qud'c Id', qua do thu hui dtfdc nhieu du khach, doanh thu va hieu qua phdi trie'n du lich tang ldn.
Cd nhilu ye'u td anh htfdng de'n phat tnen du lich trong bdi canh md rdng lien kd't vung vd hpi nhap qud'c te' cua mgt tinh cung nhtf cua mgi qudc gia. Do la nang Itfc quan iy nha ntfdc, cha'l Itfdng hoat ddng cua cong ty Iff hanh, cha't Itfdng cua he thd'ng khdch san. nhd hanp, cd sd vui chdi giai tri vd thu htfdng cac dich vu bidu didn nghe thudt, stf htfdng tfng cua ngtfdi dan vi ldi nhudn cua cdc ddn vi boat dgng trong nganh du lich.
* Trung tam Dam bao chat lifdng - Trifdng Dai hpc Hung Vadng Ngdy nhdn bdi: 01/7/2020: Ngdy phdn bien: 15/7/2020; Ngdy duyel ddng: 20/7/2020
Economy and Fortxasi Re\ i 121
ChitiSu
Tong lu'dt khdch du lich Trong do. khach quoc te
BANG 1: K H A C H DU L|CH CGA PHO THQ 2010
Ngtun \U^
3 920 2,9
m
%
100 0,073
2015 NghtD \a<ft
7 520 5,0
%
100 0,066
2017
8.330 5,5
100 0,066
,
no 7 2
%
100 0,09
BAMG 2: DOAMH THO DQ LICH VA CHI TIEU BINH QUAN KHACH DG L|CH CUA PHd THQ
Chi tiSu
Tong doanh thu du lich, gia hien h&nh (TJ dong) Chi tieu binh quan 1 khach du lich (Trieu dong)
2010 968 0.21
2015 1 K28
0.27 2017
1 982 0.28
2018 3.000
Chiti^u
Toan nen kinh te Rieng nganh du lich
BANG 3: NANG SUAT LAO DQNG NGANH DU LICH (TINH THEO GTGT, GlA H | | N HANH)
2010 2015 Trif u d6ng
29.7 26,7
%
100 89.9
Trifu d6ng 51.2 43,1
%
100 84,2
2017 Trifu ddng 51,8 43.5
%
lOU 83.9
BANG 4: LAO DQNG NGANH DG LICH TRONG TONG LAO DQNG XA HQI CUA PHU THO
ChitiSu
Lao dgng xa h6i cua Tinh Lao dong trong nganh du lich
2010 Nghin ngiHH
705 10,2
%
100 1,45
2015 Nghin ngildi 743,8
10,6
%
100 1,43
2017 Nghin Dgtftfi 760,8
10,8
%
100 1,44
2018 Nghin ngtfdi 769,4
12.5
%
100 1,6 Mguon- Tong hdp ttf Nien giam Thdng ke tinh Phii Thp Viec danh gii ke't qua, hieu qua quan Iy nha ntfdc
dd'i vdi phat trid'n du lich theo htfdng lien ke't va hgi nhap la va'n de ttfdng dd'i ldn va phtfc tap, song cd y nghia quan trgng. Nd giiip chi ra hoat ddng phdt trid'n du lich cua linh cd hieu qua hay khdng, ne'u cd hieu qua thl dat de'n mtfc nao, ttf dd, nhdn didn dung mat du'dc, mat chu'a dtfdc ciing nguyen nhan cua thinh cdng, cung nhtf han chd' de cd ke' sdch mdi, cd dieu chinh kip thdi va hdp ly nhdm phat trie'n du lich cd hieu qua va ben viftig.
Trong bai vie't nay, tdc gia xdy dtfng cdc chi tidu ddnh gii ke't qua, hidu qua phdt trien du lich d tinh Phu Tho nhtf .sau
- Sd'du khach gia tang nhd lidn ke't va hdi nhdp vd ty le gia tdng khdch du lich nhd lien ke't va hoi nhdp (Dk):
Dk = (KL:K)*100
Trong dd: K li tong so'khach du lich; K^'^ so'khdch du lich tang them nhd lien kdt va hgi nhdp qud'c le'. Dk cang ldn thi cang td't vii ngifdc lai.
- Ty Id ddng gdp cua du lich nhd lien ke't vd hgi nhap qud'c te ddng gdp vdo quy md GRDP cua tinh (T^):
T L = ( D L : G R D P ) * 1 0 0
Trong do: D^^la ddng gdp cua nginh du lich; GRDP la long sin pha'n kinh td'ciia tinh. T. cang ldn thi cang td't va ngtfdc lai.
- Ty le ddng gdp cua du Ijch nhd lien ket va hgi nhap qud'c te Jr>n2 gdp vao quy md thu ngdn sach nha nddc , na tinh (T )'
T ^ = ( N L : N S ) * I O O ^ Trong do: N, la phan adng gdp ciia
cdc ddn vi kmh "doanli ij;h ^^^ jjg^j, sich cua tinh: NS la ii ^ ^j ,,^g|j ^^^.^^
cua tinh. T^ cdng cao L. n^ ; ,|
- S o lao dong hoai dono ,, j „ | , du lich gia tang nhd her , u n h ' qud'c t^ dd' phdt trien du ii ' "
L P = ( L L L ) * 1 0 0
122
Trong dd: L^ Id sd' Iao ddng ldm viec trong nganh du Iich cua tinh; L la tdng lao dong cua lam vide trong cac nginh kinh te' qud'c dan cua tinh. L^ cdng cao cing td't va ngtfdc lai.
KET QUA NGHtEN ClXj Tinh hjnh phat trid'n du lich d tinh Phu Tho
Nhin chung, phdt tri^n du Ijch cua tinh Phu Tho chtfa phdt huy td't dem nang, the' manh cua Tinh. Stf phat trien du lich cua Tinh cdn han chd' va bdc Id nhieu bat cdp.
Theo s6' lidu d Bang I, Itfdt khdch du hch dd'n Phu Tho cd stf cai thien Irong nhtfng nam qua, ttf 3,92 tridu Itfdt nam 2010 tang ldn 8 trieu Itfdt nam 2018.
Khich qud'c td' dd'n Tinh cung ngdy cang tdng, ttf 2,9 nghin Itfdt nam 2010 ldn 7,2 nghin Itfdl khach ltfu tru qud'c te' vao nam 2018. Mac du vdy, trong cd ca'u khdch du lich, thi khdch qud'c td'd^n Tinh cdn chid'm t^ Id rd'l nhd, Ihdm chi chtfa dat 0,1 %.
Ke't qua d Bang 2 cho Ihd'y, doanh thu ttf du lich cua tinh Phu Thg cijng cd stf cdi thidn qua cdc nam, song cdn nhd va Ihd^p hdn kd' hoach ddt ra, ttf 698 ty dong nam 2010 ldn 3.000 ty dong nam 2018.
Nguyen nhan mdl phan do chi tieu cua du khdch khi de'n Phu Tho ciang rat tha'p.
Bdn canh dd, nang sua't lao dgng trong du lich Clia tinh Phu Thg ludn thd'p hdn so vdi toan nin kinh td', chid'm khoang trdn 80% (Bang 3).
Hi$u qua phat tri^n du lich cua tinh Phu ThQ
Kd'l qua d Bing 4 cho bie't, lao dgng hong nginh du lich chie'm cd ca'u rat nhd trong tong sd'lao ddng xa hoi cua tinh Phu Thg, chi dat 12,5 nghin ngtfdi nam 2018, Itfdng dtfdng vdi 1,6% lao dong toan Tinh.
Gid tri gia ldng du Hch chie'm ly trong cung ra't nho trong GRDP ciia Tinh, chi chie'm hdn 1 % trong nhtfng nam gan day, trong khi con sd' nay cua ca ntfdc rdi vao khoang 8%-9% GDP.
Ttfdng ttf, ddng gop cua ngdnh du lich vao tdng thu ngan sdch ciia Tinh cung dang d mtfc tha'p, chi dat 59,8 ty dong Mm 2017, Itfdng dtfdng vdi 1,1% tdng thu ngan sdch cua Phu Tho.
K§'t qua phat trid'n du Ijch ciia tinh Phu ThQ nhcT li§n k€'t viing va tham gia h0i nh$p qufi'c td'
Qua tim hie'u cua tic gii, trong Ihdi gian qua, Phii Thg chtfa Hdn kd't chat che
BANG 5: GIA TRj GIA TANG DU LICH TRONG TONG GRDP CUA PHU THQ
Chiti£u
GRDP cua Tinh, gia hien hanh GTGT du lich
2010 TydSng 20.910 272
%
100 1,3
2015 Tyd6ng 38.058
457
%
100 1.2
2017 Tyddng 41.960
461.5
%
100 1.1 BANG 6: NOP NGAN SACH CGA NGANH DU LICH PHU THQ
Chi tieu
Tong thu ngan sdch Rieng nganh du lich dong gop
2010 TydSng
2.669 24
%
100 0,9
2015 Ty dSng
5-389 59
%
100 1.1
2017 Ty dSng
5,436 59,8
%
100 1,1 BANG 7; KHACH DU LICH Ttif HA NOI VA VUNG TRUNG DU
VA min NUI P H I A B A C Tdi PHd T H Q
Chi ti^u
Tong liTdt khdch du hch Khach tii Ha Noi va viing Trung du va mien nui phia Bac tdi Phu Tho Rieng tCr Ha Noi
2010 Nghin DgUcri 3.920
370 29,6
%
100 9,4 7.6
2015 Nghin ngifm 7 520
770 61.6
%
100 10.2 8.2
2017 Nghin ngtfdi
8 ^'>,{)
850 68,9
%
100 10.2 8,3
BANG 8: K H A C H DU LICH TCT PHU THQ TCJl VUNG TRUNG DU VA M I I N Ndi PHIA BAC vA HA NQl . . I ' , ' Cluti6u JiS Phii Tho tdi Ha Noi va vung Trung du va mien niii phia Bac (Nghin ngu'di)
% so long sd
Rieng tdi Ha Noi (Nghin ngu'di)
% so tdng sd
2010 34 8.67 23,5 6.0
m
71 9.44 49.7 6.6
mi
77 9,24 54.0 6.5
BANG 9: DAO Td PHAT TRIEN DU LjCH, GIA HlfN HANH Dem VI- rV dong
Chi ma TO'ngdSuti^xahOi Rieng dau iif phai trien du Uch
% so ions '"
2011-2015 71 985
792 I.I
2016-2017 40 110
240 06
2011-2017 112 095
1032 0,92 Nguon' Tdng hdp tu' so It 12 Sc- Van hoa The ilia
Economy and Foreciisi Revie 123
vdi cic cac tinh, thanh pho' trtfc tbugc Trung Udng gan vdi Tinh de' thu hut khach du Iich (ca khach ngi dia va khach quo'c te'). Dong thcfi, Phu Tho chtfa tan dung tot ldi ich ttf hgi nhap quoc te' trong nginh du lich, ndn Itfdng khach ttf nhtfng dia phu'dng nay den Phu Thg con ra'l nhd (Bang 7).
Ngoai ra, so' lu'dng khach du lich ttf tinh Phu Thg tdi cac dia phu'dng xung quanh cung chtfa nhieu, tham chi con tang it qua cac nam (Bang 8).
Nguyen nhan cua nhtfng ban chd' tren xui't phat ttf nang lUc quan ly cua chinh quyen tinh Phu Tho con bdc lg nhieu bat cap, nhtf: chtfa nhan thtfc dung mtfc vide phat trien du lich trong boi canh can md rdng lidn ke't vung va hgi nhap qud'c Id'. Viec quang ba, xuc tie'n du lich va to chtfc hen ket viing chtfa dtfdc quan tam dung mtfc. Trong bd'i canh Vidl Nam ky kd't nhieu hidp dinh thtfcfng mai ttf do, to chtfc nhieu stf kien quoc le, md rong quan he hti\i nghi vdi cac ntfdc, nhtfng chinh quyen tmh Phu Thg lai chtfa kip nSm bat cd hgi de cu the hoa ihanh cac quyd't .sach va chinh sich phu hgp de tan dung dtfoc cd hdi.
Bdn canh dd, cac ddn vi, to chtfc hoat dgng trong nganh du lich chtfa pho'i ke't hdp vdi nhau mdt each chat che de tao ra stfc manh td'ng hdp nhim thuc d^y du lich phil tnen.
Hdn nffa, dau ttf cho phit trien du lich con tha'p.
Trong nhffng nam qua, vide dau Iff cho du lich thong qua cai tao, nang cap cac di lich, le hgi... da du'dc chu y, nhtfng nhin chung con it (Bang 9).
KET LUAN VA KIEN NGHj
De nang cao hidu qua phat trid'n du lich tinh Phu Thg trong bd'i canh lien ket vung va hpi nhap qud'c Id', qua nghien ctfu thtfc trang, tac gia de xua't mgt sd'giai phap chu ye'u sau:
Mgt Id, lidn kd't quy hoach phat trien du lich Vung dam bao linh he ihd'ng, co tam nhin dai ban tren cd sd de cao vai tro cua cac bp kinh doanh du lich vi doanh nghiep Itf hanh trong chudi gia tri san pham du lich (dac biet la du lich cgng dong).
Haila.xiydtagcic " ^'"^^^^
dulieh cdng dong dinh cno KI i^ > Vune nffdc ngoSi. Ben canh lie;' ^'^- '>''' J °;
can md rong kd't nd'i cac lour, tuyen voi c5c doanli nghiep Itf hanh \ J ^-^'"g ^V ^^
lich d Ha Ndi va cic d.a phtfdng tron^
vtfng Trung du vi mien nui phia Bac de tang ctfdng Itfdng khach qudc te tdi linh.
Khai thac hidu qua cic tour du hch City tour Viet Tn", "Tour du Uch hang ngay H i Ndi"- Phu Tho-. "Hat Xoan Lang co"
gan vdi trai nghiem lang nghe. Dong thdi, md thdm tour du lich. nhtf: "Du hch sinh thii cong dong Xuan Sdn"; "Nghi dirdng sinh thai Thanh Thuy Xuan Sdn"; "Kham phi di san - trai nghiem thien nhidn Viet Tri - Xuan Sdn"; "Du iich cud'i tuan sinh thai, nghi dtfdng nffdc khoang ndng Thanh Thuy"; "Du lich lidn ke't - Vdng cung Tay Bac"...
Ba la, chii trong dau itf nang ca'p he thd'ng kd't cau ha tang, dac biet la dtfdng si v i he thd'ng thdng tin, internet dip tfng nhu cau khach du lich. Ben canh dd, can dau ttf phat trid'n cac dich vu thid'l yeu, dich vu van tai hanh khich de dap tfng td't nha't nhu cau ciia du khich.
Dong thdi, Tinh can kdu ggi, thu hut, khuye'n khich cic nha diu ttf xay dtfng cac khach san cao c i p ttf 4-5 sao, cic khu resort nghi dtfdng, cac trung tam vui chdi giai tri cao ci'p, trung tam mua sam, thtfdng mai cao ca'p... de thu hdt khich du lich v i lang chi tieu cua du khach de'n Phu Thg.
Bdn la. diy manh hoat ddng xuc tie'n du Uch, tuyen truydn, quang bi hinh inh du lich Phu Thg den ddng dio quan chung nhan dan va khich du lich trong ntfdc, cung nhtf khach du Iich qud'c te.Q
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. SdVanhda, The thao va Du lich tinh Phii Thg (2015-2018). Dt»an/i f/i« vd lao dong ngdnh du lich ctka linh Plm Thg cdc ndm. tff 2015 di'n 2018
2. Cue Thd'ng kd tinh Phu Tho (2016-2019). Nien gidm Thdng ke cdc ndm, tffnam 2015 de'n 2018, Nxb Thd'ng ke
3. Le Thi Thanh Thuy, Ngo Thi Thanh Tu, Pham Thii Thuy va Nguyen Xuan Thien (2019).
Phdt trien kinh te tinh Phu Thg trong bdi cdnh cdc tinh vUng Trung du vd mien 'li, g^^ gg Tham luan trong Ky yd'u Hgi thao khoa hoc qud'c gia Phat Irien kinh te dia phiTdng Omh hirdrig phit
t<-i^*^ L-i..|k ta v o \\f^\ ^.i^r^.-.'T'.-..-,.^ J . . ,-X _ ^ , ^ . . . «.'.; . ^ U i i DJi/^ A^n ^{YXt\ \i^ \^Tn r,\. • , i -tf\Ae VT U vung Trung du va mien nui phia Bac de'n 2030 va tim nl- . (2020). Tic dgng cua cac chffdng tnnh lien ke't du lich \
tridn kinh te - xa hpi Thanh nidn
4. Pham Thai Thu
mien niii phia Bdc doi \ di phat trien kinh te' - xa hgi ciia tinh Phu Thp. Tgp chi h sd'14, thing 5/2020
5. Lam Dao An (2019) ^ baotintuc.vn/du-lich/phu-''
< Thg tgo bUdc dot phd trong phdt trien du lich. u o-buoc-dot-pha-trong-phat-trien-du-lich-20190! 1
""ung du va Dubdo.
i ''f https://
• ' '1-hlm 124
