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ANH H l / d N G CUA MUA VU DEN PHAM CHAT TINH DICH CUA BO HOLSTEIN FRIESIAN THUQC LOAI Bos taums VA BO BRAHMAN THUOC LOAI Bos indicus TAI VIET NAM
Phiing 77ie'Hfli''^', Le Vdn Thong^ va Nguyen Vdn TlianiO
N g a y n h a n b a i : 1 9 / 1 / 2 0 1 3 . N g a y c h a p n h a n d a n g : 2 5 / 2 / 2 0 1 3
T 6 M TAT
Cac m l u tinh djch tiieo m u a VM H e - T h u va D o n g - Xuan c u a 19 bo d v c giong H F thupc loai Bos taurus v a 18 b o d y e g i o n g Br thupc Ipai Bos indicus co cac chi tieu p h a m chat d a m b a o tieu chuan s4n xuat tinh d o n g lanh lOTCN 531 - 2002 (Bp N o n g n g h i | p va PTNT, 2003) va TCCS 01:
2 0 n / V I N A L I C A ( T r u n g t a m Giong gia siic lon T m n g u o n g , 2011) trong thoi gian n g h i e n ciiu tix thang 1/2010 d e n t h a n g 12/2012 tai T r ? m Nghien ciiu va s a n xua't tinh d o n g lanh M o n c a d a (Tan LTnh, Ba Vi, H a Npi). Ket q u a c h o thay, chat lirpng tinh dich c u a Bos indicus va Bos taurus tai Vi?t Nam bi i n h h u o n g b o i cac y e u t o m u a vu k h a r o ret (P<0,05). Vol b o d v c Bos indicus chi tieu V, A, tong so tinh t r u n g s o n g tien t h ^ n g p H , K trong m u a v y D o n g - Xuan cao h o n m u a vu H e - Thu, tuy nhien chi tieu C va ty 1? tinh trijng song trong hai miia la h r o n g d u o n g (P <0,05). So l u p n g tinh cpng ra cua b o d y e Bos indicus va Bos taurus trong m u a v y D o n g - Xuan d e u cao h o n so vol miia v y He - Thu (P <0,05). H o a t lyc tinh trimg s a u giai d o n g c u a Bos indicus vii Bos taurus k h o n g co s u khac nhau trong ca hai miia vu D o n g - Xuan va miia vu H e - Thu (P> 0,05). C h a t l u o n g tinh ciia bo d u e Bos taurus cao h o n so v o i b o d u e Bos indicus, 6 miia vu H e - Thu so l u p n g tinh c p n g ra ciia bo d u e Bos iiidicMS cao h o n so v o i b o d y e Bos taurus (P <0,05).
Tir khoa: Bo due gioiig, chdi luang tinh,mitavu
A B S T R A C T
Effects o f s e a s o n s o n s e m e n q u a l i t y of B o s taurus a n d Bos indicus cattle i n V i e t n a m Phung The Hai''', Le Van Thong' and Nguyen Van Thanh' Semen quality of Bos indicus a n d Bos taurus bulls rearing in Vietnam quite noticeably affected by seasonal factors. For Bos indicus, t h e V, A, total n u m b e r of sperm, p H , K in t h e Winter-Spring season w a s h i g h e r t h a n t h e S u m m e r - A u t u m n season, h o w e v e r t h e C a n d t h e percentage of live
' Nghien ciiu sinh Truong DHNNHN ' Trung tam Giong Gia siic ion Trung uong ' Trucmg Dai hpc Nong nghiep Ha Npi
• Tac gia lien h | : ThS. Phiing The Hai, Trung tam Giong gia siic ton TW, So' 6 Nguyin Cong Tni, Hai Bii Trung, Ha Npi; Tel 0989365268; Email. ptiungltiet!ai@gniail com
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sperm in the second season was equivalent {P<0.05). For Bos taurus, the V, A, C, total number of sperm, K in the winter-spring season were higher than the Summer-Autumn, the pH and percentage of live sperm in the second season was not change (P<0.05). Number of straws of Bos indicus and Bos taurus in the winter-spring season was higher than those the Summer-Autumn season (P<0.05). Motility sperm after Ihnwing of Bos indicus and Bos taurus was not difference in both the Winter-Spring and Summer-Autumn seasons IP>0.05). Quality sperm in the Bos taurus was higher than in the Bos indicus. Number of straws of Bos indicus was higher than in Bos taurus in the Summer-Autumn season {P<0.05).
Keywords: Bos taurus. Bos indicus, semen quality, seasons.
1. DAT VAN DE
Bo dire gio'ng co vai tro quan trpng thiic day nhanh qua trinh cai tao va phat trien gio'ng, dac biet khi ap dung cong ngh?
truyen tinh nhan tao (TTNT). Kha nang sinli san cua bo due giong dirge the hien chu ye'u qua pha'm cha't tinh djch: tinh dich CO pham cha't to't thi mdi duoc san xua't tinh dong lanh va kha nang thu tinh cao va ngugc lai. Hau het cac nghien cuu da khang dinh: pham chat tinh dich bo dire gio'ng bi anh hirong bai nhieu so' yeu to' ve di truyen va khong di truyen. Trong cac yeu to' do, gay anh huong Ion nha't la miia vu trong nam, dac biet doi voi nhiing giong loai goc on doi khi nuoi 6 nhiet doi (Soderquist va ctv, 1996; Soderquist va etv, 1997; Mathevon va ctv, 1998; Chacon va ctv, 2002; Asad va ctv, 2004; Mostari va ctv, 2008; Sen Chauhan Indra va ctv, 2010;
Bhakatva ctv, 2011).
Viet Nam la mgt n u a c nhi$t ddi gio mua, miia vu Dong - Xuan cd nen nhi^t tha'p hem mua vu He - Tliu, n h u n g dg am khong khi lai cao hon. Do vay, ye'u to miia vu da gay anh hudng ldn tdi kha nang sinh trudng phat trien, sinh san, san xua't cua cac bo dire giong, nha't la eac giong bo goc on ddi nhap noi (Virong Tuan Thuc va ctv, 2006; Le Van Phude va ctv, 2007; Nguy&n Xuan Trach, 2008).
Tram Nghien cuxi va San xua't tinh dong lanh Moncada (Moncada) thugc Trung tam Gio'ng gia siic Idn Trung ucmg la co sd duy nha't d Vi§t Nam nuoi duong, huaii luy?n, khai thac va san xua't tinh bo dong lanh phiic vu cong tae TTNT eho ca nude. Da co nhieu tae gia nghien euu ve nang sua't cha't lugng tinh bo tai Moncada, song chua co nghien cuu nao danh gia s u anh hudng eua ye'u to miia vu de'n phaim chat tinh dieh eua bo due gio'ng Holstein Friesian (HF) thupc loai Bos taurus va Brahman (Br) thupc loai Bos indicus. Do dd, vi^e thuc hien nghien ciru nay la can thiet nham gop phan nang eao kha nang san xua't tinh cua bo di^c gio'ng HF va Br tai Moncada.
2. VAT LIf U VA PHl/OfNG PHAP NGHIEN c u t !
2.1. Vat lieu, dia diem va thdi gian nghien ciru
- Cae mau tinh dich cua 19 bo due giong HF thupc loai Bos taurus va 18 bo due giong Br thupc loai Bos indicus d u a vao nghien euu phai cd cac chi tieu p h a m chat dam bao tieu chuan san xuat tinh dong lanh lOTCN 531-2002 (Bg Nong nghiep va PTNT, 2003) va TCCS 01: 2011A^NALICA (Trung tam Giong gia siic ldn Trung uong, 2011).
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- Cac bo due giong HF va Br ciia Tram Nghien ciiu va san xua't tinh dong lanh Moncada (Tan Linh, Ba Vi, Ha Npi).
- Thdi gian nghien euu tir thang 1/2010 den thang 12/2012.
2.2. Npi dung nghien cuu
- Danh gia pham chat tinh dieh cua bo HF thupc loai bo Bos taurus va Br thugc loai Bos indicus nuoi tai Moncada theo mua vu tren cae chi tieu eo ban sau:
+ Lugng xuat tinh - V (ml/lan khai thac) + Hoat luc tinh trung - A (%) + Nong do tinh trung - C (ty/ml) + Tong so tinh triing song tie'n thang - VAC (ty/lan khai thac)
+ p H
+ Ty le tinh trimg ky hinh - K (%) + Ty le tinh trimg song (%)
- Danh gia so' lupng tinh san xua't (cong ra/lan khai thac) va hoat luc tinh trimg sau giai dong (%) ciia bo HF thupc loai bo Bos taurus va Br thugc loai Bos indicus theo mua vu.
2.3. Phuang phap nghien cuu
- Phuong phap cham soc nuoi dudng:
Ta't ca bo due gio'ng dugc cham soc, nuoi duong theo cimg quy trinh ky thuat dap ling day du tieu chi theo quyet dinh 66/2005/QD-BNN eua Bg Nong nghiep va PTNT (Bp Nong nghiep va PTNT, 2005);
moi ea the dupe nuoi trong mgt 6 chuong rieng vdi dien tich la 45m^ trong do: 20m2 CO mai che va 25m^ san choi khong mai; co mang an va mang uong rieng cho timg eon.
Quan ly ca the va phong benh cho dan bo
dugc thue hien nghiem ngat, kiem tra thtl y dinh ky 2 lan/nam. Bo due giong trong nghien ciru dupe cho an cimg che'do dinh dudng tinh san eho tirng ca the theo tieu chuan co sd.
Miia vu dugc phan chia nhu sau:
Dong - Xuan dugc tinh tir thang 10 den thang 3 nam tie'p theo va He - Thu dugc tinh tir thang 4 den thang 9 hang nam.
- Khai thac, kiem tra tinh djch va san xuat tinh dong lanh dugc thuc hien nhu sau:
+ Bo dupe khai thac tinh theo ciing che dp 2 lan/tuan. Kiem tra so lupng, chat lugng tinh dich theo ciing mpt quy trinh theo tieu chuan co sd. Tinh dich cua bo due dugc coi la dat tieu chuan khi pham chat dam bao Heu chuan 10 TCN 531-2002. M l u tinh dich dat tieu chuan dugc pha ehe vdi moi trudng va dua vao san xua't tinh dong lanh theo quy trir\h cua co sd vdi he thong may moc hien dai cua hang Minitub (Diic) va cong nghe ciia Nhat Ban.
+ Xac dinh V (ml/lan khai thac) qua lugng xuat tinh trong ong hung tinh co khac ml.
+ Xac dinh A (%) bang quan sat tren kinh hien vi phan pha co man hinh.
-H Xac dinh C (ty/ml) bang may so mau SDM-5 cua hang MINITUB.
+ Tdng so tinh triing song tien thang VAC (ty/Ian khai thac) dugc tinh b^ng VxAxC.
+ Xac djnh pH tinh dich bSng giay do pH ciia hang Merck.
+ Ty le tinh triing ky hinh (K - %) duoc xac dinh b5ng phuang phap nhuom mau va dem h-en kinh hien vi 500 tinh h-img roi tinh toan bang cong thirc sau:
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So' lupng tinh triing ky hinh K (%) = x 100
500
+ Ty 1? tinh triing song (%) dugc xac djnh b3ng cAch nhugm eosin 5%, tinh triing chet la nhirng tinh triing bat mau, dem tdng so 500 tinh trimg rdi tinh ty 1? % bang cong thiic:
Ti I§ tinh triing so'ng
(%)
So' lupng tinh trung song
500
xlOO - So lugng tinh san xuat (egng ra/Ian khai thac) duge tinh theo p h e p tinh so hpc thudng quy sau khi d u a mau tinh dich bo dat tieu chuan vao san xua't tinh dong lanh.
- Boat lire tinh trimg sau giai dong (%) dugc xac dinh bang each lay ngau nhien 1 cgng ra ciia mau tinh dat tieu chuan d u a vao san xua't tinh dong lanh, giai ddng d nhiet dp 37°C trong 30 giay, kiem tra hoat luc tinh triing tren kinh hien vi phan pha CO man hinh.
2.4. P h u a n g phap xu Ii so li^u
De udc tinh eac gia tri trung binh binh phuong nhd nha't (LSM: Least Square Mean) ciia cac bie'n so theo cac Idp dugc xir ly bang mo hir\h tuyen tinh tdng quat Proc GLM trong chuong trinh SAS 9.1, (Procedures Guide Copyright © 2004). Cac phan Idp ve gio'ng, miia v\^ va tuang tac giira chimg dupe xir ly la nhirng anh hudng eiia lop hay anh hudng dn djnh. Muc dp khac nhau cua cae gia tri LSM d miie P<0,05 dugc xem la cd y nghia so sanh ve mat thdng ke.
Mo hinh tong quat de phan tich:
Yi]k = Giongi+ Muavui+ (Giong*Muavu)ij + eijk Trong do:
-Y Id gid tri cua ede sd'quan sdt ciia cdc chi tiiu thu- k (luang xuat tinh khai thac, luang xudt tinh dat tieu chuan, ...) cua giong thie i, miia vu khai thdc thiej.
- Giong, Id dnh hudng on dfnh cua gio'ng thiti: (1=2- Bos taurus vd Bos indieus)
- Muavui Id dnh huang oh dinh cua miia vu khai thdc thie j (j=2: Dong Xuan va He Thu).
- (Giong*Muavu),, Id dnh huang tuang tdc giua giong vd miia vu sdn xuat din cdc chi tieu nghien cuu.
- e,,i la sai so du thira ngau nhien vai gid thiit N(0,a'.)
* Cdc so lieu eo bdn chai la ty lephan trdm (A; K; Ty le tinh trung song vd Hoat luc tinh triing sau gidi dong) truac khi xit ly duoc chuyen dang de tinh todn theo Y = Degrees(asin(sqrt(x/100))). Sau khi tinh todn xong, kit qud duac chuyen dang tra lai.
3. KET QUA VA THAO LU^N
3.1. Pham chat tinh dich ciia bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus theo m u a vv
Danh gia ve p h a m cha't tinh dich ciia bd thi cac chi tieu: Lugng xua't tinh, Ho?t lire tinh triing, nong dg tinh trimg, tdng so tinh trimg so'ng tie'n thSng, pH, ty le tinh triing ky hinh va ty 1? tinh trimg song la co ban nha't. Pham eha't tinh djch eiia bo diJC Br thugc loai Bos indicus va bd HF thugc loai Bos taurus nudi d Vigt N a m dugc the hi^n o B a n g 1.
Ket qua p h a n tich d u g c trinh bay tai Bang 1 cho thay: O miia vu Ddng - Xuan, lugng xua't tinh ciia ca 2 loai bo Bos indicus
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va Bos taurus ma dai dien la 2 giong HF va Dong - Xuan dat cao nhat (71,095%) va Br, nuoi tai Moncada cao hon miia vu He - thap nhat la hoat lire tinh trung cua bo Bos Thu, nhung loai bo Bos indicus co lugng indicus d miia vu He - Thu (70,618%).
xua't tinh tha'p hon bo Bos tourus (P<0,OS) c i - - u - i, • j -
„ ., » , -1 ^ ,. , , , „ Doi vol bo Bos mdicus, nong do tinh Cv the: luong xuat tinh cua bo Bos taurus »„•,„ . T . „ - v - . , , . .„
, , L,.ii. , „ , , , , . - , , . , . , trung o 2 mua vu Dong - Xuan va He - Thu dat cao nhat la 7,063ml/lan khai thac <y miia •>, HJ , * . x ! - , . . . , . „
„ . V - . 1, - , . . , . , , '^ tuong duang. Trong luc do, 6 bo Bos vu Dong - Xuan va thap nhat a uong xuat . » j . ° . , . , ,
^. u • u- „ J- . . . „ fnurus, nong dp tinh triing 6 miia vu Done tinh cua bo Bos mdicus a mua vu He - Thu, v - u • • ? , . - « , ; . ,
wji^T^nn, I/I-. , , . . . - Xuan cao hon o mua vu He - Thu. So sanh chi dat 5,901ml/Ian khai thac. „ - . T I - u - u u . - ! _ • , , , . , .
giua 2 loai bo nay cho thay, bo HF thupc Hoat luc tinh triing cua bo Bos indicus 6 loai Bos taurus co nong dp Hnh hiing tha'p miia vu Dong - Xuan cao hon He - Thu, hon bo Br cua loai Bos indicus (P<0,05).
hiong duong voi hoat luc tinh trimg cua bo Nong dp tinh h-img dat cao nha't la 1,346 Bos taurus 6 vu He - Thu nhung tha'p hon ty/ml 6 bo Bos indicus trong miia vu Dong - hoat luc tinh triing cua bo Bos taurus a miia Xuan va tha'p nha't la 1,220 ty/ml 6 bo Bos vu Dong - Xuan (P<0,05). N h u vay, bo Bos fniirus trong vu He - Thu.
taurus CO hoat luc tinh trimg 6 miia vu
Bang 1; Pham chat tinh djch cua bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus theo miia vy
Chi tieu
Lirong xua't tinh (ml/lan khai thac)
Ho^t luc tinh trung (%)
Nong do hnh triing (ty/ml)
Tong so tinh triing song tieh thSng (ty/lan khai thac)
pH Ty 1^ tinh triing ky hinh {%)
Ty le tinh triing song (%)
Loai bo
Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus
n 1829 1988 1677 1762 1797 1922 1673 1756 1872 1992 1730 1793 1708 1793
Mua vu Dong Xuan
LSM ± SE 6,523" ± 0,038 7,063^ ±0,037 70,805^ ± 0,046 71,095^ ±0,045 1,346= ± 0,005 1,268^ + 0,005 6,266'±0,041 6,491'^ ± 0,040 6,759 + 0,003 6,786 ± 0,002 10,970" ±0,059 11,862^ + 0,058 83,481^ ±0,090 84,086'' ± 0,088
n 1749 1944 1392 1436 1683 1865 1388 1436 1872 1963 1469 1581 1407 1579
He Thu LSM + SE 5,901''±0,039 6,141^1 + 0,037 70,618" ±0,047 70,804^ ±0,049 1,334'±0,005 1,220'±0,005 5,696*'± 0,045 5,540^1 + 0,044 6,789 ±0,003 6,794 ±0,002 11,282>'± 0,064 12,158'i±0,062 83,634'±0,100 83,919" ±0,094 Ghi cha. Cdc gia tri trung binh binh phuang nho nhai (LSM) theo timg chi tieu co cha cai khdc nhau Id su sai
khdc CO y nghia thong ke (P<0,05).
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Tong so' tinh trung so'ng tien th3ng cua bo Bos indicus va b6 Bos taurus 6 vy Dong - Xuan deu cao h a n miia vy H e - Thu. So sanh giira 2 loai b6 nay cho tha'y, tong so tinh trung song tien thang/lan I<hai thac 6 miia vy Dong - Xuan cua bo Bos taurus cao hon bo Bos indicus {6,491 ty/lan khai thac so voi 6,266 ty/lan khai thac), n h u n g 6 miia vu He - Thu thi lai tha'p han (5,540 ty/lan khai thac so voi 5,696 ty/lan khai thac) (P<0,05).
pH tinh djch cua bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus khong co sir thay doi lon giira hai miia vu Dong - Xuan va H e - Thu. Tuy vay, trong mua vu Dong - Xuan, bo Bos indicus CO pH tinh dich tha'p hon H e - Thu {P>0,05) nhung bo Bos taurus hau n h u khong thay doi.
Trong miia vu He - Thu, ty le tinh triing ky hinh ciia bo Bos indicus va bo Bos taunts deu cao hon so voi vu Dong - Xuan. So sanh giira 2 loai cho tha'y, tinh triing bo Bos indieus it bi ky hinh hon bo Bos taurus (P<0,05). Ty le ky hinh tha'p nhat (10,970%) la ciia bo Bos indicus 6 mua vu Dong - Xuan va cao nhat len toi 12,158% 6 vy H e - T h u .
Ty le tinh trung song ciia bo Bos indicus va bo Bos taurus khong co sy thay doi nhieu trong ca hai miia vu Dong - Xuan va He - Thu. Tuy nhien, giira 2 loai bo co sy khac biet ro ret (P<0,05), dac biet 6 miia vy Dong - Xuan, bo thupc loai Bos taurus co ty le tinh trimg so'ng cao hon bo Bos indieus (84,086% so voi 83,481%).
N h u vay, pham cha't tinh dich cua cac bo dye Br thugc loai Bos indicus va bo HF thuoc loai Bos taurus 6 Viet Nam deu ehju
t^c d p n g kha ro ret bai ye'u to miia vy.
Voi bo Bos indicus, cac chi tieu V, A, tong so tinh trting/lan khai thac, p H , K 6 mua vu Dong - Xuan deu cao h o n m u a vu He - Thu, tuy nhien chi tieu C va ty 1? tinh triing song 6 2 miia vy la tirong dtrong.
Do'i voi bo Bos taurus, cac chi tieu V, A, C, tong so' tinh triing/lan khai thac, K 6 miia vy Dong - Xuan deu cao hon miia vy He - Thu, chi tieu p H va ty 1? tinh triing song d 2 miia vy la khong thay doi. H a u het, cac ke't qua trong nghien ciru nay phii h p p voi cac nghien ciru khac da cong bo tren the gioi.
Chat lu'png tinh triing va kha nang sinh san cua bo d y e thay doi theo miia o ca khu virc on doi va nhiet doi (Soderquist va ctv, 1997). Tai cac khu vyc co sy bien doi nhiet dp theo miia, dac diem hinh thai tinh trimg kem hem trong nhirng thang miia he (Mathevon va ctv, 1998). Nhiet dp moi t r u a n g cao trong miia he anh huong gay ra stress nhiet da tac d p n g ba't Ipi den kich thuoc tinh hoan, giam ham muon tinh dye va giam so' luang, chat luang tinh cua bo dye gio'ng (Parkinson, 1987;
Soderquist va ctv, 1996). Theo Ahmad va ctv (2003) va Mostari va ctv (2008) cho bie't, miia vy anh h u a n g de'n p h a m chat tinh dich bo Bos indicus, cac chi tieu V, A, p H giam trong miia he, n h u n g chi tieu C khong thay doi giira cac miia. Vilakazi va Webb (2004) nghien cuu tren loai bo Bos taurus tha'y rang, ty le tinh triing ky hinh tang cao 6 miia H e va miia Thu, pham chat tinh dich trong miia Dong tot hon ro ret so vai miia He.
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Cac ye'u to moi truong co tac dpng ro rang trong san xua't Hnh dich bo dye Holstein (Mathevon va ctv, 1998). Nguyen nhan pham cha't tinh djch trong miia vy He - Thu giam di chu ye'u la do nhi?t dp cao lam tang hoat dpng trao doi chat trong ca the bo dye, tang lupng oxy sir dung dan den thieu hyt oxy 6 djch hoan, do vay trong dich hoan san sinh nhieu cac goc oxy ty do hoat dpng (Reactive oxygen species - ROS), gay anh huong xau toi qua trinh sinh tinh, lam tang ty le ky hinh 6 tinh triing, giam pham chat tinh dich ciia bo dye, dac biet doi vai bo Bos taurus co nguon goc 6 viing on doi (Nichi va ctv, 2006). Nhu vay, day ciing la nguyen r\han khien nong dp tinh trimg cua bo Bos taurus kem hon bo Bos indicus trong miia vy He - Thu, do bo Bos indicus co nguon goc 6 vimg nhiet doi, kha nang thich nghi voi moi truang nong cua nuac ta to't hon.
So sanh giiia bo dye Br thupc loai Bos indicus va bo HF thupc loai Bos taurus nuoi
a Vi?t Nam cho thay, bo Bos indicus co cac chi tieu pham chat tinh dich tha'p han bo Bos taurus. Ke't qua nay triing h a p voi cac nghien ciru cua cac tac gia khac tren the gioi: Sen Chauhan Indra va ctv (2010) ciing cho bie't, ye'u to di truyen co anh h u a n g lon den pham chat tinh dich cua bo dye giong; Bo due Friesian co pham chat tinh djch cao han cac bo dye Bos indicus va lai giira Bos taurus va Bos indicus (Asad va ctv, 2004).
3.2. So lirpng tinh dong lanh va boat lyc tinh trung sau giai dong cua bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus theo mua vy
Tir pham chat tinh dich, co so chan nuoi bo dye gio'ng co can cit de danh gia kha nang san xuat tinh dong lanh. Dong thoi, tir chat lupng tinh dich va ky thuat san xua't tinh dong lanh se cho ta bie't cha't lupng tinh dong lanh ma chii ye'u thong qua boat lyc tinh triing sau giai dong.
Bing 2. So Iirgmg tinh san xuat va hoat lyc tinh triing sau giai dong cua bd Bos indicus va Bos taurus theo miia v y
Chi tieu
So lupng tinh san xuat {cgng rg/lan khai thac)
Hogt lyc tinh triing sau giai dong (%)
Loai bo
Bos indicus Bos taurus Bos indicus Bos taurus
n 1654 1739 1654 1739
Miia Dong Xuan
LSM±SE 325,921'±2,117 337,571'±2,065 41,584"± 0,060 41,668b±0,059
vv
n 1377 1419 1377 1419
He Thu LSM ± SE 295,461^ ±2,321 288,064" ±2,286 41,463^+0,066 41,709-±0,065 Ghi chu: Cdc gid tn trung binh binh phucmg nho nhai (LSM) theo tieng chi tieu co chu cdi khdc nhau Id su si
khac CO y nghia thong ke (P<O,05).
KHKT Chan nuoi so 4 - 2 0 1 3
71
C H A N N U O I D Q N G V A T V A C A C V A N D E K H A C
Qua Bang 2 cho tha'y: So' lugng tinh s^n xuat ciia bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus 6 miia vu Dong - Xuan cao h a n miia vy H e - Thu vi pham chat tinh djch 6 mua vy Dong - Xuan tot hon n h u da khcing djnh tren day.
So lupng tinh san xua't 6 vy Dong - Xuan cua loai bo Bos taurus dat 337,571 cpng ra/lan khai thac cao hon so voi loai bo Bos indicus chi dat 325,921 cpng ra/lan khai th^c nhung a vy He - Thu ke't qua ngupc lai loai bo Bos indicus co so lupng tinh san xua't dupe dgt 295,461 cpng rg/lan khai thac cao ban so vai loai bo Bos taurus chi dat 288,064 cpng ra/lan khai thac (P<0,05).
Hoat lyc tinh triing sau giai dong cua bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus khong co sy sai khac giira hai miia vy Dong - Xuan va He - Thu. Tuy nhien, hoat lyc sau giai dong ciia loai Bos taurus cao hon so voi loai Bos indicus 6 vy He - Thu (41,709% so voi 41,463%) (P<0,05).
O miia vy Dong - Xuan, pham chat tinh dich ciia bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus to't hem do do so lupng tinh san cao se cao hem 6 vu He - Thu. Pham cha't tinh djch bj anh huong ro r^t boi miia vu, tinh dieh ciia bo dye trong miia mua co so' lupng va cha't lupng tot nha't.(Bhakat va ctv, 2011). Theo Chacon va ctv (2002), trong cac thang miia xuan 6 Costa Rica, nhi^t dp moi truong giam, kha nang san xua't tinh dong lanh ciia bo Bos indicus tang cao h a n cac mua khac trong nam. Tac gia Ahmad va ctv (2003) cho bie't, miia vy khong lam anh huong den boat lyc sau giai dong ciia tinh bo dong lanh.
Do bo Bos taurus co kha nang san xua't tinh tot hon cac giong bo khac do do so luang tinh san xua't ciia chiing cao hon
(Asad va ctv, 2004; Sen Chauhan Indra va ctv, 2010). Tuy nhien, 6 moi tnrong nhi?t doi, d|ic bi^l trong miia vy H e - Thu, nhi?t dp moi truang cao da lam anh huong manh den pham chat tinh dich a i a bo Bos taurus, do d6 lupng tinh san xua't ciia chiing giam va tha'p hon so voi bo Bos indicus.
4. KET LUAN
Pham chat tinh djch ciia cac bo Br thupc loai Bos indieus va bo HF thupc Bos taurus nuoi 6 Vi$t Nam ehju tac dpng kha ro r?t b6i yeu to' miia vy. Bo Bos indicus, cac chi tieu V, A, tong so tinh triing/leui khai thac, pH, K a mua vy Dong - Xuan deu cao hon miia vy H e - Thu, tuy nhien chi tieu C va ty Ip tinh trimg song a 2 miia vu la tuang duong (P<0,05). Bo Bos taurus cac chi tieu V, A, C, tong so tinh trimg/Ian khai thac, K d miia vy Dong - Xuan deu cao hon miia vu He - Thu, chi tieu p H va ty 1# tinh trimg so'ng a 2 miia vy ia khong thay doi (P<0,05).
Bo Bos indicus co p h a m cha't tinh djch thap h a n bo Bos taurus, nhimg 6 miia vy He - Thu, lupng tinh san xua't ciia bo Bos taurus giam va tha'p h a n so vai bo Bos indicus.
So' lupng tinh dong lanh san xua't ciia bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus 6 Dong - Xuan deu cao b a n He - Thu.
Hoat lyc tinh triing sau giai dong ciia bo Bos indicus va Bos taurus khong co sy sai khac 6 ca hai miia vy Dong - Xuan va H e - Thu.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Ahmad M., M.T. Asmat, N.U. Rehman and M.Z. Khan (2003), "Semen characteristics of Sahiwal bulls in relation to age and season", Pakistan Vet. /., 23(4), pp. 202-206.
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KHKT Chan nudi So 4 - 2 0 1 3CHAN NUOI D O N G VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
2. Asad L., Husain S.S., Rahman M.G.M, Khandoker M.A., Hossain M.E and M.Z Rahman (2004), "Genetic and Non-genetic Factors Affecting the Semen Quality of Bulls", Pakistan journal of Biological Sciences, 7{11), pp.
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3. Base SAS ® 9.1.3 Procedures Guide Copyright
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Anim. Health Prod., 43(6), p p . l l 6 ] - n 6 8 . 5 Bg Nong nghi?p va PTNT (2003), Tieu chuan
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192 -194,
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