( CHAN NUOI 0ONG VAT VA CAC VAN Dfi KHAC J
PHAT THAI KHI AMMONIA, HYDRO SULFUA VA KHI NHA KINH TlT C H A T THAI CUA LQfN SINH TRlTOfNG 15-35 KG BlfQC AN KHAU PHAN CO MlTC PROTEIN THO VA XO T H 6 KHAC NHAU
1. MO DAU
H^ thong ch^n nuoi l^n the gidi n6i chung v^
Vi?t Nam ndi rifing d3 c6 s\r thay d6i ldm trong thdi gian qua. E>iln hinh cua s^ thay dSi dd 1^ svr phat trien ciia phucmg thu:c chfin nudi Ign cdng nghi?p vdi quy mo Ion. Ch5n nudi Ign cdng nghidp d3 mang l^i nhieu tich c^rc nhu nang cao nang suat, hifu qua ch^n nudi. Tuy nhien, s\r ben vung eua phucmg thiirc chfin nudi nfiy dang bj thach thuc do s\r phat thai cfic ch^t gfiy d nhiem mdi truong vfi hi?u ling nhfi kinh t£r chfit thai v$t nudi (Aamink & Verstegen, 2007).
Cfic chdt cd thg gay 6 nhilm mdi trudng phat thai tir chfit thfii (phfin + nude tilu) chan nudi Ign bao gdm amonia (NH3), va hdn hgp cfic khi gfiy mill. Hydro sulfua la hgp chfit gay miti quan trgng nhfit trong tdng sd hon 300 hgp chit phfit thai tir chfit thfii chfin nudi Ign (Aamink & Verstegen, 2007). Ngofii ra, chfin nuoi Ign cung gfiy phfit thfii mgt lugng dfing kS khi gfiy hi?u ung nha kinh:
methan (CH4), cacbonic (CO2) vfi nitrous oxit (N20). Bk hgn chS 6 nhi^m mdi trudng do chfin nudi Ign cdng nghidp dira Igi, mgt sd giai phap da vfi dang dugc sir dung nhu choi sinh hgc va Ipc sinh hgc de logi bd cac chdt gfiy d nhilm, hofic sii dung cfic chat phy gia sinh hgc vfi h6a hpe dl trung hoa hay chuyen hoa sang cfic chat khfic cd
' Vien Chan nu6i. Hi NOi.
' Vien M6i truimg Nflng nghiep, Hfi N$i.
' Trudng D^i hpo N6ng LSm H u l
* Tie gia de lien h$; TS. VQ Thi Khdnh Vfin, Ph6- Phy trich BQ mdn Mflt trufltig, Vi^n Ch3n nufli, Th^y Phirong, Til Liem, m Nfli. Di^n thogi: 04-3838 3087 / 0913 532 467;
Email: [email protected].
vn Thi Khdnh Vdn'\ Trdn Thi Bich Nggc.
VU Duang Quynh', Phgm Hiing Cudng', VU Chl Cuang' vd Le Dinh Phung^
mirc dO d nhilm thap hon (Schirz, 1985; Phillips vfi ctv, 1990). Tuy nhien, cac gifii phfip cu6i dudng ong nfiy thirdng ton k6m vfi khdng ben vihig (Le vfi ctv, 2005a).
Cfic chdt gfiy d nhiem moi trudng Ifi sfin pham trung gian hofic cuoi ciing cua qufi trinh len men cfic chdt cd ngu6n g6c tir thiic fin (TA) trong rugt gifi hofic hd chdt thfii. Protein vfi carbohydrate len men Ifi 02 co chdt co ban nhfit cho qufi trinh tgo cfic hgp chat gfiy d nhiem mdi trudng vfi khi nhfi kinh (Sutton vfi ctv, 1999). Do vfiy, cd thi gifim thilu san sinh cfic hgp chfit gfiy d nhilm mdi trudng bfing gifii phfip ddu dudng dng, dd la thay ddi khfiu phfin (KP) fin cua Ign. De chung minh gia thuylt nfiy, chung tdi tien hfinh nghien ciru
"Phfit thfii khi ammonia, hydro sulfiia vfi khi nha kinh va miti tir chfit thfii ciia Ign sinh trudng 15-35 kg dugc fin khfiu phfin c6 muc protein tho vfi xo thd khfic nhau".
2. NOI DUNG VA PHU'ONG PHAP NGHIEN ciru 2.1. fipag v^t va thiet ke thi nghidm
Thi nghipm dugc tien hfinh tr€n 30 Ign lai Duroc X F| (Landrace x Yorkshire) 60 ngfiy tuoi vdi khoi lugng (KL) ban dau khoang 17,1 ± 2,2 kg (Trung binh ± dp Ipch ehuan). Thi nghidm dugc thiet kl theo kilu kh6i ngSu nhi€n ddy dfi (RCB) vdi 2 nhfin t6 nghign cCm trong 5 khoi. Nhfin t6 protein thd trong KP vdi 3 nghipm thirc 19; 17 vfi 15%; nhfin td miic xo thd vdi 2 nghidm thirc 8 vfi 6%. M5i don vj thi nghidm Ifi mpt con Ign. Kh6i lfi s^ ket hgp ciia cfic mlu dugc thu tai cimg m$t thdi dilm vfi cfic cfi the Ign cd KL tuong ddng.
KHKT Chan nuoi So 12 - 2012 45
CHAN NUOI DONG VAT VA CAC VAN r>t KHAC
Bfing I. Thfinh phAn hdn li^c ctin nguyfin li{u thih: fin (% d^ng khd khfing khQ
^guy6n li^u V(ll chlil khfl (%) I'ntlein IhO (%) Xgth6(%) NDF'(%) Ca (%) P (%) Ngfl
Khfl d5 tiTong B01C&
Bit s&n Citm ggo
"= Xa khong tan trong ehdl tdy trung linh.
Bfing 2. Nguy£n l i f u IhiJc fin vfi thfinh phikn h6a hpe cOa khAu phAn fin cho Ipn 88.76
89.32 89.40 90,01 91.01
8.35 46.38 38.28 1.79 8.75
3,21 7.01 2.56 14.88 22.62
15.37 17.04 0,00 26.80 46.49
0,13 0.34 4.42 0.tl 0.20
0.28 0,57 2,42 0.20 1.00
Nguyin tif u Nguyin lieu Ihuc an cua NgS
Kh6 d6 lircmg Rt>\ci B a s k Cdm goo Diu an DCP BOtdd Premix-vilamin' Lysine(L-Lysine HCl) Methionine Threonine Tryptophan NaCI
Tlianhphan hda hcc cua VCK'(%) ME (MJ/kgVCK) CP XothS NDF' Ca P L-Lysinc HCl Mclhioninc+Cyslin Thrixinine Tryptophan NSP'
ewcF'
ktmplldn(%) 61.1 20.5 4 I 10 0 1.7 1 0,25
0 0 0 0 0.5
19%CP' 8%CF
51,7 24 0.5 3.5 16 0.55 2 1 0,25
0 0 0 0 0.5 ' IthAu phan (% trong VCK) *'
89.53 14.11 19.02 6,32 19.88
1.18 0,87 1.06 0,58 0,69 0.20 17.96
89.23 13.76 19.17 8.40 22.87
M l 0.90 1.07 0.57 0.69 0.20 20.01
Khiiu phin 17%CP 6%CF
65.5 15 5 0 II 0 1.7 1 0,25 0.05 0 0 0.03
0.5 89.52 14.08 17.09 6.44 19.81
1.21 0,88 1.08 0,57 0,68 0,19 17,78
8%CF 52.0 17.5 3 6 17 i 1,7
1 0,25 0.05 0 0 0.03
0.5 88.84 13.78 17.11 8.68 23.05 1,13 0,89 1.06 0,56 0,67 0.20 19.87
6V.CF 69.1
12 3 2 10 0 1,7 1 0,25
0.2 0.1 0.1 0.05 0.5 89.53 13.97 14,96 6.36 19,94 l . l l 0.84 1,06 0.56 0,67 0,20 18.16
15y.CP 8V.CF
57.2 15 0 6 16 1,5 2 1,1 0.25 0.25 0,1 0,1 0,05 0,5 88,44 13,86 14,97 8,37 23,05 1,10 0,86 1.05 0,57 0.68 0.19 20,14 '^Protein tho: - Xa tho:'- thanh phdn aia premix vitamin nhu sau, I leg chia: Vitamin A 3,60 MIU, fitamin D 700.000 lU. Vitamin E IO,Og, Vitamin K SOOmg. Vitamin Bl SOOmg, Vitamin B2 2,40g, Vitamin B6 I.OOg, Viiamin BI2 Sl.OOg Biolin 40,0mg. Folic acid 440mg Niacin I2,0g. Calpan 4.00g, Sdt I5,0g, Bdng 3,60g Uangan 35,0g, Kim 20,0g Iodine ZOOmg, Selen I60mg: ''Cic Mnhphijn VCK CP, xalhd, NDF, CaviP trong khau phdn diit/c phdn lich: cic thdnh phdn cdn lai duvc uictlnh.'- Vdt dull (tt*; '-Xa khdng mi trong chdt tay Inmg linh: ^=dudng da phi linh bfl (Nonstarch polysaccharides). -f* -• ' ! |
KHKT Chdn nuoi Sd 12 • 2012
, NUOI DQNG V A T VA CAC VAN BE KHAC
2.2. KhSu pbdn thi nghidm vfi nudi duthig KP fin cQa Ign thi nghidm dugc xay dyng theo khuyin cfio ciia NRC (1998) vfi d^ra tren cdc nguySn li$u sSn co nhu ngd, khd d5 tuong, bgt cfi, cfim gao, bfi sfin (Bfing 1). Thfinh phan hda hpe vfi nguyen li$u TA cua KP Sn cho Ign thi nghidm dugc trinh bay d Bfing 2.
Lgn dugc nudi cfi thi (dcm vj thi nghidm) trong chudng nu6i vdi dipn tich 0,8m x 2,2 m.
M§i chuong nudi dugc trang bj mOt mfing fin rieng bipt, khdng cd hp th6ng u6ng nude t^r dpng, phia dudi chu6ng nudi cd ho chua chdt thfii cd kich thudc chilu dfii 110 cm x chilu rpng 50 cm x chieu sfiu 40 cm. Hd ehua chdt thfii dugc d§y bfing tam dan be tdng cdt thep c6 khe hd dl phan vfi nude tilu cd the Ipt xu6ng vfi tich ty trong h6 chdt thfii. Mdi chudng nudi cd mpt hb phfin rieng bipt vfi ho phfin khdng bj rd ri.
Nfing lugng trao doi, Ca, P vfi cac axit amin dugc can ddi gi&a cfic KP vfi dfim bfio dii nhu cdu theo khuyin cfio NRC (1998). Cac axit amin nhu Methionine, Threonine, Tryptophan dugc can d6i theo Lysine, ty 1? can ddi theo NRC (1998).
Lgn dugc nudi thich nghi 7 ngay vdi che dp cho fin, cho u6ng ty do. Trong giai do^n thi nghiem, lgn dugc an d muc 4,0% so vdi KL co thi (theo Tifiu chudn Nhfit Bfin 1993, trich trong cuon Thfinh phan va gia trj dinh dudng thuc fin gia suc- gia cfim Viet Nam, Vien Chfin Nudi 2001) vfi lugng fin vfio dugc dilu chinh theo udc tinh tfing trgng hang ngay cua gia siic. Lgn dugc cung cdp nude udng h ^ che bfing cfich trpn TA vdi nude theo tJ 1| 1:4. Ngofii trOn nude vdi TA, gia siic khdng dugc udng th€m nude nhfim khong che lugng TA vfi nude uong d cfic cfi thi lfi nhu nhau dl khdng chl anh hudng cOa mu'c d$ pha lofing vfi the tich din sy phfit thfii ciia cfic chdt gay d nhilm mdi trudng vfi dfic tinh cua chat thfii (Le vfi ctv,
2005b). Lgn dugc cho fin ngfiy 2 ldn fin, buoi sfing khofing 8h30 vfi buoi chieu I5h30. TA dugc tr^n vdi nude ngay trudc khi cho fln.
2.3. Thu vfi phfin tich mau
Sau 07 ngfiy nudi thich nghi, h6 phfin dugc dgn s^ch sS vfi qufi trinh thi nghipm chinh thirc dugc bat ddu. Phfin vfi nude tilu (chdt thfii) dugc tich luy lien tye vfio h6 phfin trong 28 ngfiy.
Thu mdu khi NHj vd udc tinh lugng NHj phdt thdi: Mau khi de xfic djnh phfit thfii NH3 dugc thu trye tilp tir khdng khi tren be mfit hb chdt thfii dya theo phuong phfip cua Le vfi ctv (2009). MSi h6 chdt thfii thu mOt mdu, nhu v^y t6ng c^ng cd 30 m§u khi dugc thu de xfic dinh phfit thfii NH3. Sau 28 ngfiy thi nghipm, 01 thung hlnh try khdng dfiy dugc dfit vfio h6 chfit thfii. Dfiy cita thiing tiep gifip vdi dfiy ciia hd chdt thfii. Di^n tich thyc ciia be mfit thung hinh fry lfi 312 cm^
Khdng khi dugc di chuyfin ra khdi thiing hinh try nhd vao mgt bom hut va hp thdng dilu khiln v^n tdc khong khi vdi 0,5 lit/phiit. Khdng khi dfiu ra dugc dan vao 2 impingers chua 10ml 0.5M HNO3 (So dd I). Khi NH3 dugc giO" Igi trong impingers cd chira axit. H^ thong thu mau nay dugc vgn hfinh trong v6ng 10 phut. Nong dp NH3 vfi thi tich dung djch trong impingers dugc xfic djnh. Lugng NH3 phfit thfii (mg/h/m^) dugc tinh theo phuong phfip eiia Le vfi ctv (2009).
Thu mdu H2S va uac linh lugng HjS phdi thdi: Nguyfin ly thu mau vfi tinh lugng H2S phfit thfii gidng nhu d6i vdi khi NH3. M§u xfic djnh phfit thfii H2S dugc thu bfing each sir dyng hp th6ng thu mau nhu md phdng d So dd 1, trong dd dung djch HNO3 dugc thay bfing dung djch Cadimi Sulfat O.IM (CdSO^). H2S dugc hdp phy vfio dung djch Cadimi Sulfat 0,1M. Thi tfeh dung djch hdp thy lfi lOmL
I
KT Chan nuoi So 12-201247
CHAN NU6l DQNG VAT vA CAc VAN Bt KHAC
Kh6ng khl diu vAo
KhOng Mil d i u ri
So- dd I: So- ab mfi ph6ng h$ th6ng thu mSu khdng khl xfic djnh phfit thfii NHj vfi HjS ( I - khfing khf ddu vfio, 2=th0ng (chamber) Ihu mSu, 3=hd chdt thfii, 4=impinger Ihu phfit thii NHj, 5= impinger Ihu
phfii thfii HiS, 6=hf Ih^ng dilu khiln v^n t6c khfing khl, 7-borni hut khfing khf ra) Thu mdu va xdc dinh phdi thdi khi gdy hieu
umg nhd kinh: Mau khdn^ khi de xfic djnh phfit thfii khi nhfi kinh dugc lay vao ngfi^ thir 7, 14 vfi 21 sau khi phfin va nude tieu bfit ddu dugc lich ty trong ho chat thai. Tgi moi ngfiy idy
mlu, 3 mSu khi xfic djnh phfit thfii nhfi kinh dugc idy vfio cfic thdi dilm 0, 20 vfi 40 phut sau khi dfit hp th6ng thu mlu vfio h6 chdt thfii (so do 2). Thiing lay mSu cd ihl tich lfi 63,36 lit (0,55 m x 0,32 mx 0.36 m).
^
S<rdd 2: Sff ih mS pfa6ng h{ th6ng thu miu khSng khl xie dinh phit thii khi nhi kinh (X- nhift k^
2= v| tri iiy mlu, 3 - hJ thing diiu khiln ip suit, 4« qu«t, 5- thing (chamber) liy miu, 6 = hi chit thii) Nhu v^y c6 t6ng c$ng 162 mSu Ichi xie djnli
phit thii khi nhi kinh (6 nghidm thi^c x 3 iJin l$p l^i X 3 ngay lay mau x 3 th&i diem lay mSu/ngiy).
Dung syringe c6 the tich 60 ml d^ liy kh6ng khi dau ra tir h^ th6ng thu mau. Sau d6 mSu khf duvc cho vio 1(3 nhd c6 the lich li 2,5 ml (du6ng kinh li 11 mm), c6 nip cao su. Nong dO cic khf giy hifu ihig nhi kinh CM4 vi CO2 du^c phan tich bing miy sic ky khi (Brukcr 450 - OC 2011) theo
nhu phucmg phip ma ti bdi Le v4 ctv (2009).
Phit thit khi nhi kinh dupc \xijz tfnh bing phumg trinh cOa Smith vi Conen (2004).
2.4. Dja dilm vi thdi gian thi nghidm Thi nghifm du<;tc tien hanh tir thing 8/2011 den thing 1/2012 t?i Trung tim Thirc nghifm vi Bio tin Vjl nuoi, Vifn Chin Nuoi, Tir Liem, Hi N9i.
48 KHKT Chan nuoi S6 12 - 2012
CHAN NUOI DQNG VAT VA CAC VAN DE KHAC 2.5. Phuong phfip phSn tfeh sb Iipu
Anh hudng cita mue protein, miic xo thd den cfic chi tifiu nghifin curu (khfi nfing sfin xudt ciia vgt nudi phfit thai NH3, H2S, khi nhfi kinh) dugc phan tich phuong sai trfin phan mIm Minitab 14.0. Mo hinh thfing kfi ddy dii nhu sau:
yijk =H+Pk+ a. +pj + (ap),j + e,, [4]
Trong dd: y,jk=bien phy thugc; pk= finh hudng eua khoi; a,= finh hudng ciia mirc protein thd; Pj= finh hudng cua cfic mirc xo thd; (aP)y = finh hudng ciia tuong tfic giO'a 2 nhfin t6; e^k = sai sb ngdu nhien. Gifi trj ciia biln phy thupc dugc kiem tra vfi tinh dong nhat phucmg sai vfi phfin bo chudn, trong trudng hgp khdng dfip ling cfic gifi trj dugc chuyln ddi sang d^ng logarit tg nhien trudc khi dugc phfin tich phuong sai.
4. KET QUA VA BAN LUAN
3.1. Anh hudng cua cfic miic protein thd vfi xo thd trong khdu phdn den khfi nfing sfin xuat ciia jp-n
Anh hudng ciia cfic mirc protein thd vfi xo thd trong khdu phdn din khfi nfing sfin xudt cia Ign dugc thi hi^n d Bfing 3. Qua Bfing 3 ta thdy rfing 2 nhfin to nghien ciiu dfi khfing finh hudng din tfing KL, lugng fin vfio ciing nhu hifiu qufi chuyln hoa TA ciia Ign trong giai do^n tir 15 den khofing 35 kg (P>0,05). Gifim mii-c protein thd tir 19% xu6ng 15% dong thdi hb sung cfic axit amin thiet yeu de cfin bfing axit amin dfi khfing finh hudng thong ke den khfi nfing sfin xudt ciia lgn. Kit qufi nghifin cihi nfiy phii hgp vdi cdng b6 ciia Oldenburg vfi Heinrichs (1996); Canh vfi ctv (1998).
Bang 3: Anh hudng cua cfic mu-c protein thfi vfi xu thfi trong khau phdn den khfi nfing sfin xuat ciia Ipn Chi tieu
KL ban diu (kg/con) KL ket thuc (kg/con) Tang KL (g/con/ngiy) Lugng an vao (kg/con/ng^y) H? s6 chuyfin h6a TA (kg TA /kg tang trpng)
M^'c protein thd 19%
17.00 35.12 490 1.04 2.15
17%
17,15 34.69 474 1,03 2.21
15%
17,10 33.32 438 1.08 2.52
Mile 8%
17.13 34.45 468 1.04 2.27
X0-th6 6%
17.03 34.31 467 1.07 2.31
RSD"
0.72 2.52 59.8 0.10 0.44
Protein 0.89 0.27 0.17 0.52 0.17
Gii tri P Xor 0,71 0.88 0.96 0.44 0.81
Protein x Xor 0.95 0.97 0.94 0,56 0,72
a = Dg l^ch tieu chudn ciia hi^u du vdi a = 20.
3.2. Anh huoTig cua cac miic protein thd vfi xo thd trong khdu phan den phfit thai NH3, HjS, COi vfi CU4
Anh hudng cua cfic mirc protein thd vfi xo thd trong KP den phfit thfii NH3, H2S vfi khi gay hipu irng nhfi kinh CH4 vfi CO2 dugc trinh bfiy d Bfing 4. Miic protein vfi xo thd trong KP dfi khdng finh hudng den phfit thfii khi NH3 vfi H2S (P>0,05). Gia thuylt nghifin ciiu ciia chiing tdi la gifim hfim lugng protein thd, tfing hfim lugng xo thd trong KP se lfim gifim phfit thfii NH3, do phat thfii NH3 tfing khi tfing pH trong chat thfii
vfi ngugc lai ddi vdi H2S. Tuy nhifin, gifi thuylt nfiy dfi khdng dugc khfing djnh trong nghifin ciiu nfiy. Kfit qufi nfiy cd thfi la do khdng cd sy sai khfic vfi gifi trj pH ciia chdt thfii d cac nghi§m thiic. Gifi trj pH ciia chdt thfii cua lgn dugc fin KP cd mtic protein 19; 17 vfi 15% ldn lugt Ifi 6,91; 6,86; 6,77 vfi d KP cd miirc xo thfi 8 vfi 6% ldn lugt Ifi 6,9 vfi 6,8. pH la ylu tfi quan trgng quyet djnh den phfit thai cfic chdt gfiy d nhilm mdi trudng (Le vfi ctv, 2008). Sy khdng sai khfic vl gifi trj pH dfi khdng t^o nfin s^ sai khfic vl phfit thfii NH3 vfi H2S.
KHKT Chan nuoi So 12 - 2012 49
CHAN NU6l OONG VAT VA C A( VAN Pfe K H A C
tiling
tliS (mg/h/m') Nil, (mg/h/m=) CH. (g/l(m/28 ngiy) COj (g/lvii/28 ng&y)
4: Anh h
Mill 19%
0.04 0.187 49.25 191.91
ii'ii'nf' cijii cAc mtic protein dCn phit thii M l , , H,S : protein
17%
0.048 0.216 33.47 176.39
ithO 15%
0.038 0.167 41.96 186.03
thd v& x<r th6 trong IthSu , C O , v4 C H , Mirc xo' IhA 8%
0,045 0.209 46.0 209.21
6%
0.039 0.171 37.1 160.34
RSD'
0.61 0,83 0.28 0.24
Protein 0.73 0.76 0.07 0.22
plidn
Gia trj Xo' 0.53 0,41 0.88 0.03
P' Protein x Xc
0.33 0.51 0.21 0.45
= Og Ifch ti^u chudn ciia hieu du vdi df,^, „) =20 cho khi H^S vd NHj. v&i df.„ ,s = 8 cho cdc khl gdy hi^u ung nhd kinh
''-=Phan tich cdc gid trj a dgng chuyen doi sang logarit casS lif nhi^n
''•' = Cdc gid tri trong ciing mgi hdng cimg mgt nhdn id cd it nhdt mdt chit cdi trin ddu giong nhau Id khdng khdc nhau: P <0.0S.
Tfing mire xo trong KP dfi Ifim tfing lugng hudng din lfing KL. lugng fin vfio cung nhu hi^ti CO2 phfit thfii (P<0,05). 160,34 so vdi 209,21 qufi chuyln hda TA cua Ign trong giai d o ^ tirl5 g/lgn/28 ngfiy khi tfing mirc xa tir 6,4 den 8,4% din khofing 35 kg.
trong KP. Tfing miic protein trong KP khdng finh . ^^^ protein vfi xo thd trong KP frong hudng din phfit thai CH^ kit qufi nay phit hgp vdi nghifin ciru nfiy dfi khdng finh hudng din phfit thfii nghifin ctiu ciia Le vfi ctv (2009). khi NH, vfi WiS tir chdt thfii cua Ign 4 KET LUAN • ^^^ protein trong KP Irong nghien ciiu nfiy
khdng finh hudng den phfit thfii khi CH4 vfi CO2.
- Gifim miic protein tho tir 19 xuong 15% hay jfing mirc xo trong KP dfi Ifim tfing lugng CO2 miic xo thfi tir 8,4 xuong 6,4% dfi khdng finh ph^j (hai tir chat thfii.
SUMMARY
Hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and greenhouse gases emmission from m a u r e of growing pigs weighing 15-35 kg fed different dietary crude protein
and crude fibre levels
Vu Thi Khanh Van. Tran Thi Bich Ngoc.
Vu Duong Quynh, Pham Himg Cuong, Vu Chi Cuong and Le Dinh Phung The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of dietary crude protein and crude fibre levels on hydrogen sulphide, ammonia and greenhouse gases emission from manure of growing pigs weighing 15-35 kg. The experiment was conducted on 30 growing crossbred pigs Duroc x Fj (Landrace X Yorkshire) with initial body weight of 17,1 ± 2,2 kg (Mean ± SD). The experiment was arranged as randomized complete block design wilh two factors in 5 blocks. Dietary crude protein included three levels of 19, 17 and 15%; dietary crude fibre included two levels of 8 and 6%. Each pig is an experimental unit. Block includes samples collected at the same time and pigs with similar initial body weight. Air samples, emitting from slurry pits, were analysed to identify NH3, H2S and greenhouse gas emission. Results showed that dietary crude protein and crude fibre levels did not affect animal productivity, NH3, H2S and greenhouse gases emission from pig slurry (P>0,05). Increased dietary fibre increased CO2 emission from pig slurry (P<0,05).
Key words: Diet, Enviroment, Pigs
50 KHKT Chan nuoi Sd 12 - 2012
-^=^CMAi^ NUOI D Q N G V^T VA CAC VAN DE KHAC
TAI L i p U T H A M K H A O
1 Aamink AJA & Verstegen MWA (2007) Nutrition, key factor to reduce environmental load from pig production Livestock Science 109, 194-203.
2 Canh TT, Aarnink AJA, Schutte JB, Sutton A, Langhout DJ & Verstegen MWA (1998) Dietary protein affects nitrogen excretion and ammonia emission from slurry of growing-finishing pigs.
Livestock Production Science 56, 181-191.
3 Le DP, Aarnink AJA, Jongbloed AW, van de Pcct- Schwering CMC, Verstegen M, W.A., & Ogink NWM (2008) Interactive effects of dietary crude protein and fermentable carbohydrate levels on odor from pig manure. Livestock Production Science 114.
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AP DVNG CAC BIEN PHAP AN TOAN SINH HQC TRONG CHAN NUOI VIT QUY MO TRANG TRAI
6 DONG BANG SONG CUU LONG
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Chan nuoi vjt chay d6ng la nghfi truyin thong 13u din d d6ng bSng song CCm Long (DBSCL), do
1 Vign Khoa hpe Ky thu$t NSng nghi^ mi^n Nam
^ Tnrdng Dju hoc Cfln Tho.
* lie gik ii lien h$; TS. Virong Nam Trung, Tmdng Phfing nghi8n cihi Dinh dudng chSn nufii, Vi$n Khoa h^c K^ thu^
Nong nghi§p mi^n Nam. 121 Nguyin Binh Khifim. Ql. TP H6 Chl Minh. Di?n tho^i- 08-3 8297889 / 0908249374.
Email: [email protected]
Vuong Nam Trung , Biii Xudn Men t§n dyng diri?c nhQng ngu6n li?i ty nhien nen da nang cao hi?u (\uk s&n xult (Biti Xuan Min, 2008;
Mai van Nam, 2008). Tuy nhifin, tiJr khi xay ra djch ciim gia cam (2003) thi phuong thtic nay tiem in nguy co I6n vfi phat tdn djch b^nh do vjt c6 khk nang mang mSm b^nh nhimg khong bilu hi§n tri?u chimg ISm sang (Gilbert va cs, 2006;
Schauer vk cs, 2008). Do do, chCt truong quan ly chan nuOi vit theo hircmg trang tr^ii, bin vOng va an t o ^ sinh hpe (ATSH) 6 Vi§t Nam noi chung vk cac tinh DBSCL noi rifing nhim kiem soat
KHKT Chan nuoi So 12 - 2012 51
