m Vien Khoa hoc ghe Giao thonq van tai
Thiet bj thi nghiem goi cau tai trong 6.400 tan fluoc thiet ke che tao trong ntfac va ung dung trong thyc tiln phuc vy nganh GTVT
T O M TAT: D e d a m bao i<ha n a n g lam viec va tuoi t h o cua c o n g t n n h cau, goi cau can phai d u o c k i e m tra chatJLfong chgt che t r o n g p h o n g thi n g h t e m hop chuan chuyen n g a n h tren cac thiet bi kiem tra chuyen d u n g truoc khi d u a vao I l p dSt su d y n g Truoc day, c h u n g ta chl c o the t i l n h a n h l<i^m tra d^anh gia chat l u o n g goi cau c o tai t r o n g d u a i 2 8 0 0 tan, vol cac logi goi c 6 t i i t r g n g Ion h o n 2 . 8 0 0 t a n viec thl n g h i e m p h i l d e m ra n u o c ngoai vdi chi phi cao va thoi gian c h o d p i lau
Xuat phat t u t h u c te tren, Vign Khoa hpc va C o n g nghe GTVT d a nghien cuu, t h i l t k l , c h l t g o t h i ^ t b|
kiern tra d s n h gia chat luong gdi cau tai t r o n q d e n 6 4 0 0 tan D e n t h i n g 1 0 / 2 0 1 5 , t h i l t bi d a d u p c che tao t h a n h c o n g va d i vao p h u c vu c o n g tac kiem tra d a n h gia chat l u o n g g6i cau c h o cac d u an trong d i e m cua n g a n g GTVT n h u TSn Vu - Lach Huyen, Ben LUc - L o n g T h a n h , Cao Lanh - V a m Cong, Ben T h a n h - Suoi Tien
Bai bao gioi thieu ve m g t so t m h nSng ki thuat uu Viet va u n g d y n g t r o n g t h u c tien k i e m Ira d a n h qia phyc vy n g a n h GTVT cua t h i e t bi k i e m tra goi cau t i l t r o n g 6 . 4 0 0 tan c h l t a o f^i Vigt N a m TL/ KHOA: K h u n g t h u t i i 6 4 0 0 tSn, t h i n g h . e m goi cau 6 . 4 0 0 fan
ABSTRACT: T o ensure the quality a n d lifespan of fhe bndgework, bearings have to be t e s t e d strictly in Standard a n d specialised laboratories by dedicated testing e q u i p m e n t s before r u n n i n g into installation for using R e g a r d i n g bearings that the load is small [under 2 8 0 0 tons), the testing e q u i p m e n t s are carried out regularly in d o m e s t i c laboratories W h e n It c o m e s to bearings that the load is higher than 2 8 0 0 tons, currently, there is no d o m e s t i c laboratories that are suitable for test Thus, the e x p e r i m e n t s have to be earned out oversea with expensive expenses a n d long waiting per.od From this fact. Institute of Transport Science and Technology has researched, designed, p r o d u c e d quality testing and evaluating machine for bridge bearings that the load is a b o u t 6 4 0 0 tons O n O c t - 2015, the m a c h i n e had been p r o d u c e d succesfully a n d o p e r a t e d in vital projects, such as Tan Vu Lach Huyen, Ben Luc - L o n g Thanh, Cao Lanh - V a m C o n g , Ben Thanh - Suoi Tien, etc
The article presents s o m e outstandmci Technical functions a n d practical application of this m a c h i n e p r o d u c e d in Viet N a m
K E Y W O R D S 6 ' 4 0 0 Ton load frame, o n d g e bearing rest ng 6 ' 4 0 0 Ton
1 . DAT V A N BE
^ 1 . 1 . T o n g q u a n v e g o i c a u v a c o n g t a c t h i n g h i e m g o i cau
G D I c l u I I b d p h a n t r u n g g i a n lien ket glUa ket cau n h i p p h a n tren va ket e l u p h a n d u d i n h u m d , t r u cau eua c d n g trinh^cau^. Goi cau cd n h i e m v u t r u y e n ap lUc t a p t r u n g t U ket c a u n h i p x u d n g m d t r u [ g o m cd p h l n Iyc t h i n g d d n g va n a m n g a n g ) , d a m b l o c h o d a u ket c i u n h i p c d t h e q u a y h o l e d i d d n g t u d o d u d i t i c d u n g eua h o a t t a i v l n h i e t d p t h a y d d i .
Phan loai t h e o t l i t r o n g [3], g o i cau 6uac chia lam 3 loai:
- Loai n h o : Gdi cd t l i t r o n g t h i e t ke d u d i 1,000 t i n ; - Loai t r u n g b i n h : Goi cd t l i t r o n g t h i e t ke t U 1 000 t a n - 3 . 0 0 0 t i n ;
- Loai tdn. Gdi ed tai t r o n g t h i e t k e t U 3.000 tan t r d len
^ Tren t h e g i d i v a d V i e t N a m hien nay, viec t h i n g h i e m got cau a p d u n g p h d b i e n Tieu c h u a n ASTM D4014- Tieu c h u i n AASHTO M251 (doi v d i g o i cao su edt b i n t h e p ) hoac Tieu c h u a n ASTM D5977, Tieu c h u a n ASTM DS212 TCVN 10268'2014;TCVN 10269:2014 (doi vdi g o i ehau). '
Oe d l n h gia chat l u o n g g d i e l u can p h l i t i e n h l n h 2 loai t h l ' n g h i e m :
^ - T h i n g h i e m ve vat lieu g d r C i c chi t i e u t h i n g h i e m g o m d o cUng cao su, d d b e n keo dUt. d o g t i n dai khi d u t d d gian d u khl dUt, gia hda, o z o n e
- Thi n g h i e m g d i cau t h a n h p h a m : C i e chi t i e u t h i n g h t e m g o m n e n t i i t r o n g t h i n g d U n g . t i i t r o n g n g a n g goc xoay, m o - d u n trUot, he sd ma s i t .
Hien nay. c i c p h o n g t h i n g h i e m t r o n g n u d c co day d u t h i e t bl d e t h u c hien cac t h i n g h i e m vat lieu g o i v d i t h l n g h i e m g d i cau t h i n h p h a m c h u n g ta m d i ehi t h u e hien d u o c v o i loai cd t i i t r o n g n h d v l t r u n g b i n h . Cac loai goi CO tai t r o n g Idn phai dUa ra n u d c n g o a i t h i n g h i e m VOI chl p h i rat cao, k h o n g c h u d d n g va t h d i gian e h d d o i lau, a n h h u o n g d e n t i e n d o t h i c d n g . Do do, viee n q h i e n c u u eo so khoa hoc d e che t a o t h i e t bi t h i n g h i e m g 6 i cau tai t r o n g Ion tU 3 000 t a n t r d len la can t h i e t
1.2. H i e n t r a n g cac t h i e t bj thf n g h i e m goi c5u t i i t r o n g IOn d t r o n g nudc h i e n nay
Hien nay, Viet Nam meii chi c6 hai d o n vi eo t h i e t b i t h , n g h i e m g o i cau t l i t r o n g Idn la Vien Khoa hoe C d n g V P E T N A M " ^ ^ ^ ™ ^ ^ KAWAKIN CORE -TECH h n r r!?nn ^ ' ? ' ' v ? ^ ' ^ ^ 9 ° ' ' ^ " ^ ''•^OO t a n cua Vien Khoa hoc C o n g n g h e Xay d u n g : Thiet bi n i y d u o c che t a o n a m 2005 n h a m t h i n g h i e r n g d i d d d a m m l i c h i n h T r u n g t a m Ho, n g h i q u o c gia. Thiet bi ed t h 4 t a o d u o e lUe n e n t h i n g
KHOA HOC - CONG NGHE
diJTng len den 4.000 tan, lUc day ngang len den 300 tan.
Day eung la thiet bi Idn nhat cua nudc ta hien nay, tuy nhien thiet bi van cd mpt sd han ehe nhU: He thdng dieu khien va quan trac sd lieu blng tay, qui trinh g i lap thf nghiem chua hap iy nen mat rat nhieu thdi gian.
Thiet vi cua Cdng ty TNHH KAWAKIN CORE - TECH VIETNAM: Diy i i thiet bi thi nghiem gdi clu do Nhat Ban che tao ed the tao duoc lUc nen thSng ddng len den 1.000 tan, lUe day ngang 200 tan, ket ndi miy tinh, ty ddng xtf ly v l lUu trU sd lieu. Tuy nhien, thiet bj nay ehi phuc vu thi nghiem sin pham sau che tao cua nha miy, khdng cung cap d,ch vu thi nghiem cho cie don vi ben ngoii.
Do dd, can thiet phai ed thiet bi thi nghiem goj clu cd the thi nghiem duoc cho cle loai gdi ed t i l trong Idn td 3.000 t i n trd len, hien dai, de thao tie v l khac phuc duac nhUng nhuoc diem edn ton tai eua cac thiet bi hien ed.
2. Gldi THieu v f THIET Bl THf NGHieM G6i cAU TAI T R O N G 6.400 T A N C H E TAO TAI V I E T NAM
Qua nghien cUu nhu cau thi nghiem goi cau t l i trong Idn dtrong nUde cung nhuuu, nhUOc diem cOa cle thiet bi thf nghiem goi cau t i i trong Idn hien cd d nudc ta hien nay, nhdm tic gia da nghien eUu, thiet ke, che tao thanh cdng thiet bi kiem tra gdi clu t i l trong 6 400 tan, Hien nay, dly II thiet bi thf nghiem gdi eau idn nhat.
hien dai nhat dViet Nam do Vien Khoa hoc va Cdng nghe GTVTthiet ke, chetao
Hinh 2. liSodo thiit bi thlnghiim goi cau 6.400 tan Bing 2 1. Cic thong sokj thuSt ciia thiit bi thi nghiim goi a
Mo td hoat dong cua thiet bi-
He bin nang di chuyen (1) cd the di chuyen v^o - ra nhd ddng co dien hai chieu 1.5kW (7) thdng qua bd truyen xfch (8). Khi ban nlng (1) chay ra ngoai, h# thdng eong true 10 tan se nlng goi eau (2), eon dpi, tam tnjng gian (12) g l Ilp len bin nang nhu sado Hinh 2.1.
Ga Ilp xong, ban nlng di chuyen vao trong khoang lam viee cda khung thUtli. Cociu day ngang (6) duocha xudng nhd he thanh treo (4) va g i Ilp vdi tam trung gian va tarri dem dau kfch blng eic chdt. Thanh ren (S) diing de dieu chinh ehieu cao eua thiet bi tao t l i ngang de phir hop vdl chieu eao cua nhieu loai gdi khic nhau.
Ngudi vin hanh chon chu trinh thf nghiem tren h§
dieu khien, chpn che dd dieu khien ty ddng hoac blng tay. Neu ehon eh^ dp ty dong, toan bp quy trinh thl nghiem se duoc ty ddng dien ra ma khdng can sutIc ddng eua ngudi van hanh. Sau khi qui trinh thi nghifim ket thdc, ket qui se dUOe tuddng luu lai v l in ra bio do.
Neu chon ehe do dieu khien blng tay, toln bp quy trinh thf nghiem se dUOe ngUdi van hlnh thye hien.
Bp ngudn tao t l i dUng (10) se cung cap ngudn dau thiJy lue eho he ki'eh (9) de tao lUc nen cho gdi. KW Iyc nen thang ddng dat den lUc ein thiet thi he tao tli ngang (6) se tic dpng iUc ngang vao goi thdng qua tlm trung gian (12). Lue nay ngudn dau thijy Iyc cung cSp cho hetaotii ngang do bp nguon (11).
^•5^- f.
^ ^ ^ B THIH BI HIEM TU eCl U u tung I^-i I P
--^
Hinh 2.2: Thiit bl khi dua via ho^t d$ng
3. NHUNG Tim N A N G l/U V I £ T COA T H I ^ T Bl THl NGHIlM G 6 | CAU TAI TRONG 6.400 T A N
3.1. Khdng gian khoang fdm viec ldn Khdng gian khoang l l m viee II yeu td r i t quan trpng ddi vdi thiet bi thi nghiem gdi clu. Hien nay, tr^n the gidi, gdi eau duoe sin xuat bdi nhieu hang khic nhau nhu: Mageba (Thuy SI), Freysinet (Phlp), Unison (Hin Qude), OVM [Trung Qude), Kawakin (Nhit Bin),..
Do do, gdi cd cung t i i trong thiet ke nhung kieh thUdc lai rat khic nhau. Thuc te cho thay nhieu trudng hpp, v^
t i l trpng thf nghiem thiet bi hoan toan cd t h l dip iJng duoe nhung ve kieh thudc cua gdi lat khdng phd hop vdi khdng gian khoang lam viec cda thiet bj.
Thiet bi thi nghiem goi cau t l i trong 6.400 tin da khic phuc duoc han che dd, Thiet bi duoe che tao vdi khdng gian khoang lam viec tuong ddi Idn cd kich thUdc dai x rdng x cao: 2.200mm x 2.000mm x l .800mm Khdng gian khoang lim viee nay d i p Ung duoc hoan toan vdl cac loai gdi clu ed t l i trong thiet ke den 4.000 tan 88
(U09 uOc A9 rgua uagc
3.2. KhA nang ga iSp mau thiJf dcfn giin, nhe nhang Toan bo he kieh (9) dupc cd dinh tai t l m cija khung may nhim d i m blo do chfnh xac cua he tao t l i thing dung (Hmh 2 1). De thao Ilp mau, thi nghiem vien chi can nhan nut dieu khien ddng ca (7) thdng qua bd truyen xich dan ddng bin nang (1) di chuyen ra. Goi elu. cac encoder do chuyin vi se dUOc lip dat tren be mat ban nang, sau do he b i n nang se di ehuyen vio trong khung dethuc hien thi nghiem.Toan bd qua trinh ga lap duoc thyc hien don giln. nhe nhang, nhanh chdng.
3.3^T5i trong n6n thSng dihig Id^
Thiet bi cd the tao duoc lUc nen toi da len den 6,400 tan, do vay cd the tien hinh thi nghiem eho nhOng gdi clu cd tai trong thiet ke den 4.000 tan.
Til trong nen thing dUng ciJa thiet bi dupc tao ra bdi he kfch thuy luc ghep ndi tiep nhau. CIc kich thuy Iyc dupe sip xep theo so dd hop ly, khoa hoc de dam bao tdn that trong dudng dng l i nhd nhat, ddng thdi tren moi kfch thuy lye ed Ilp he thdng kiem soat iUu luong va hanh trinh nhim dim blo dupc sU ddng tdc v l cung Ip suat gida cle kfch, nhd do d i llm tang dd chinh xic cua thiet bi.
Hon nUa, sir dung phuong i n tao Iyc nen thang dUng blng nhieu kich cdn giup eho viec dieu chinh ddi tupng gdi thi nghiem duoc lmh hoaL Chi bang thao tie don giln la thay ddi so luong kieh, thiet bj cd the dap Ung dupe viee thi nghiem cho cac loai gdi cd t l i trong nho vai tram tan den cic loai gdi cd t l i trong Idn den 4.000 tin, nbd dd llm tang tinh hieu q u i eua thiet bi.
3.4. Tdi trong di'y ngang
Thiet bl cd the tao Iyc day ngang den 900 tan. Day cung ehinh II mdt trong nhdng Uu diem ndi bit cua thiet bi.
Hinh 3.1: Cocau tao lur day ngang Joan bd lUc day ngang cua he kich (3) se dUoc truydn qua t l m (1), (2) v i khdng tic ddng truc tiep len he kieh tao tai thing dUng, nhd vay se tnet tieu toan bd luc day ngang tic ddng len cd kich va len khung thU t i i , tang sudn dinh va tudi tho cua ket cau, lam cho ket cau khung nhd gon hOn so voi thiet bi cua cic hang che tao.
3.5. Oieu chfnh ducfc toc do gia tdi
Thiet bi d i sir dung bien tan de dieu chinh tdc dd ddng CO nhim thay ddi luu luong cija bom thuy luc, dan den thay doi tdc dd gia tii cua he kich tao luc nen phu hop vdl tUng loai gdi va tung quy trinh thi nghiem cu the NhO viec su dung bien tan ta co the dieu chinh vd cap tdc do ddng co, tao dieu kien thuan loi cho qua trinh tU ddng hda dieu chinh tdc dd gia tif cho gdi theo dung tieu ehuan quy dmh.
So 8/2016 3.6. Dieu khien tudong qua trinh thi nghiem goi cau Tbiet bi thi nghiem gdi cau tai trong 6 400 tan 6a khac phuc duoc holn toan han ehe cua cie thiet bi thi nghiem gdi cau trong nudc hien nay. Thiet bi da duoc che tao, lap d i t he dieu khien thdng mmh, cd do chinh xac eao, giao dien than thien vdi ngudi sUdung.TrUde khi thi nghiem, thi nghiem vien chi viec nhap thdng tin don vi thf nghiem, tli trong thf nghiem, chon chuong trinh thi nghiem tren he dieu khien, sau do toan bo qui trinh thi nghiem se duoc diln ra tu ddng, elc thdng so thf nghiem se duoc dua len man hinh mdt cich true quan nhlt de khach hang ed the theo ddi qua trinh thi nghiem.
Hmh 3 4: Man hinh hien thi ,-,s,,^i''"i'"'*'"'°'"^'^°'^"*THieTBITHrNGHieM GOI CAU TAI TRONG 6.400TAN TRONG N G A N H GTVT Td kh, a, vao hoat dong cho den nay, thiet bi da kiem tra danh gia cha't luong cac loai 961 cau co tai tronn ton cua cac cong trmh trong diem trong nganh GTVT
KHOA HOC-CONG NGHE
Viec thi nghiem gdi duoe thUc hien d trong nUdc vdi chl phi chi bang 70% so voi dem ra nudc ngoli, khdng chi giup cho cic don vi trong nude tiet kiem dUOc gii thanh thi nghiem, day nhanh tien do thi cdng cdng trinh ma cdn (a co sd de Bd GTVT cd the kiem soat dupe chat luongcdngtrinh
Mdt so cong tr'inh dd thinghiem.
-Duan ke't noi khu vUc Trung tam ddng bang song CUu Long; hop phan 2 DuOng tiep noi gida clu Cao Lanh va cau Vim Cong. Goi thau CW2C. Kml 8-1-200 - Km23-i-450. Cdng trinh cau sdng Lap Vd.
+ Thi nghiem got Kawakin tai trong nen 1.750 tan, Iyc day ngang 800 tan.
-Dyan dudng vinh dai phia nam TP. Thai Blnh Cdng trinh clu vuot sdng Tra Ly;hang mye. Thi cdng dam lien tuc (68-1-120+68) tru P3, P4-
+ Thi nghiem gdi QVM LKQ25DX-HZF1 t i l trong nen 550 tan.
- Gdi thau XL04: Xay dyng cau sdng Hot thuoc Dy an dudng ndi TP. Ha Long - cau Bach Dang-
+Thf nghiem gdi APS APC 1 SG t i i trpng nen 2 700 tan.
- Duan xay dung cing Lach Huyen, gdi thau sd 6.
+ Thl nghiem gdi Kawakin tai trong nen 900 tan.
- Duin Xly dUng nang cap QLIO, clu Tien Cuu:
+ Thi nghiem goi Banh Phd tai trong thi nghiem den 1.200 tan.
- Duanxaydungtuyen dudng sit do thj TP Hd Chi Mmh doan Ben Thanh - Suoi Tien (tuyen sd 1).
+ Thi nghiem gdt Freyssinet tai trong nen 30.795kN (3.139 tan).
4. K^T LUAN
Viee thiet ke, ehe tao thanh edng thiet bi thd t l i goi ciu tai trong den 5400 tan hoin toan bang ngudn vlt tu sin ed v i cdng nghe gia cdng trong nudc the hien su CO ging no Iyc eua Vien Khoa hoc v i Cdng nghe GTVT.
Thiet bl thd tai tren dly la thiet bi hien dai. de dieu khien, de lap dat mau thd, hoat ddng tuin thu theo dung cac quy trinh, tieu chuan dlnh gia chat luong gdi cau hien hinh, dat duoc do chinh xic can thiet va duoc Tong cuc Bo ludng chat luong kiem tra, dinh gil v i edng nhin.
Thiet bl da duoc dua ngay vao khai thic phuc vu san xult cua Nganh, trong qui trinh kiem tra dinh gil duoc cac chuyen gia, cic nha khoa hoc, cic nha quin ly trong elc du i n cua Viet Nam, Nhat Bin ghi nhln va dinh gia tdt.
Thiet bi kiem tra dlnh gii chat luong gdi clu t l i trong den 6,400 tan boat dpng dap Ung tat ca cic tieu chuan danh gil hien hanh, da duoc Tdng cuc Do ludng chat luong cdng nhin, Vien Khoa hoc v i Cdng nghe GTVT giao cho Phdng Thi nghiem Vilas 276 quin ly va van hanh, de nghi cac nha thau, tuvan giam sat, chu dau tucong trinh giao thong cd goi t i i trong ldn xem xet dUa mau den thi nghiem de tiet kiem thoi gian, chi phi Q
T^i lifu tham khio
[1]. Nguyen Xuan Khang (2001), Nghien cdu nhdng gidi phdp khoa hoc cong nghe thiet ke che tao cdc thi& bi thi cdng chuyen ddng cdng trinh GTVT. Tuyen tap b i o cao tai Hdi nghj Khoa hoc nhin ky niem 45 nam thinh lap Vien KHCN GTVT 1956 - 2001, Ha Npi
[2]. Nguyen Xuan Khang (2008), Nghien cdu thiet ke che tgo bg nguon thuy luc bii tdi tuddng phuc vu cdng nghe kiem tra sdc chiu tdi coc khoan nhoi theo phuang phdp thdtdi tinh. De tai KHCN d p Bd.
[3], Nguyen Viet Trung, Md tru cdu - goi cau (Bdi gidng), TrUdng Dai hoe GTVT.
W.JCm]Q268:20}A.Gdicdukieuchdu-Yiucdukithudt [5], TCVN 10269:2014, Goi cau kiim chau - Phuang phdp thd.
Ngdy nhan bai: 3/7/2016 Ngay chlip nhSn dang: 25/7/2016 Ngi/cri phSn bif n:TS. U Quy ThOy
TS. Nguyin Vift Khoa
