KHOA HOC C O N G N G H |
DAI\IH GIA HOAT TIIXIH KHAMG IXlAlVI lUEIV VA IMAM MOC CLIA TIIXIH D A U IXIGHE A/V i//l/£7 TREIXI CAM,
XOAI VA THAIXIH LOIVG
Nguyen Tlii Kun CucS U Diic AnhS P h ^ ViOt Cu6ng^
T6MTAT
Kha nSng khang vi sinh v$t tr^n qua cam. xoai v4 thanh long ciia tinh ddu ngh$ nhSji dupe bdng phuong phap cdt ldi cudn hoi nucn: dS du(?c dAnh gii. Cam wk xoai sau khi xu ly scr bO, dugc nhiing vdo dung dich nam men va nam mdc vdi mat dp khoang 10* CFU/ml. Sau d6, qua duijc xii ly vdi bnh ddu thd d cdc ndng dd (v/v) 0,5% va 196 (ddi vdi cam) va 2% (ddi vdi xoai). Rifing thanh long dupe khi'a 5 v^t tr&n mOt qua. nhd 20 pi dung dich ndm mdc. d6 khd sau do nhd 20 pi dung djch tinh ddu 0,5% vao c6c v^t khia. Qua duoc bao quan d nhi^t do phdng, dp dm 75 • 80%. Kdt qua: Sau 7 ngAy. cam bi nhiim cAc chung ndm men vA ndm mdc nghian CLTU ddu bl hdng, trong khi do cdc 16 xit Iy voi tinh ddu vdn binh thudng. Cam sau 25 ngay xu ly bdng tinh ddu van giS dupe mdu sdc vd do ciing, trong klii d6.16 cam kh6ng xCr ly qua bj den, khd. Thi nghidm vdi xodi cho thay. chi sau 5 ngdy 16 bj nhiim vi sinh vdt dd bi hdng hoan toan, cac 16 dupe xu ly vdi tinh ddu ngh| van binh thudng. Cdc 16 dugrc xit Iy voi tinh ddu c6 thd klo dai thdi gian bao quan din 10 ngay, trong khi 16 ddi chiing da bi hong khoang V* qua. Ddi vdi thanh long, cac qua bi nhiim ndm mdc nhung khong xir ly bdng tinh ddu bi hdng 100% sau 10 ngdy giu a nhi|t dd phdng. nhung neu dupe xir ly bdng tinh ddu sau khi phoi nhiim. tl 1^ thanh long hong giam 50%.
Tir kh6a: Cam. ddi khang. nam men, ndm mdc, tinh dau ngh^, thanh long, xoai.
LDAT V A N K
Khi hau nudc ta Id khi hau nhidt ddi, ndng am quanh nSm, nhidt dp tren 20°C den 35''C (hoac cao hon) vd dp am khdng khi (RH%) thudng xuydn trdn 80 - 90% nen rat thich hpp cho nam mdc phdt hidn.
Do dd, trai eay dii b dang tuoi hay dang da chd bien, thudng hi cdc vt sinh vat, dac bidt Id nam mdc lam hu hdng thdi rira, anh hudng xau ddn chat lupng va gid tri thuong pham a i a trai cay. Nghidn ciiu ve khu hd nam mdc trdn xoai, nhan, vdi thidu vd thanh long eiia Viet Nam (Dang VO Hdng Midn et al., 2008) cho thay, nhirng chi chidm uu thd la Aspergillus 22 lodi va thu (35,4^tdng sd lodi) va PenicUhum 13 loai (20%
tdng sd lodi va thii). Ngodi ra, cdc lodi thudc chi Cladosporium vd Fusarium cung thudng gap.
Zingiberaceae la mot hp thue vat phan bd rOng khdp cdc viing nhidt ddi, dac biet la viing Ddng Nam A. Trong nhCmg nam gan day, co khd nhidu bdo cdo da edng bd thanh phan va edc dac tinh sinh hpc (khang khuan, chdng oxy hoa, khang u va kich thieh hd midn dich) ciia djch chidt nghd {Curcuma longa L ) (Negi etal.. 1999; Chawdhury etal., 2000; Burt, 2004; Garcia etal., 2008). Thdnh phdn cae hpp chat trong tinh dau nghd thay ddi phu thuOc vao gidng,
Vj^n Hoa sinh Bien
noi trong cung nhu phirong phdp tdch chidt (Raina et al., 2002; Leela et al., 2002; Dhingra et al., 2007;
Norajite/^a/.,2007).
Tai Viet Nam, da cd mdt sd nghidn ciiu sii dung cac bien phdp sinh hpc de bdo qudn rau qua sau tliu hoach. Nhirng phuong phdp bdo qudn ndi trdn chu yeu diing mdng bdn tham de hpe qud sau khi da khic triing so bO hoac sit dung nam men ddi khdng. Mdi bien phdp bdo quan deu ed nhirng uu the khdc nhau, nhung hdu nhu ehira cd nghidn ciiu ndo chii trpng ddn vide sit dung tinh dau thuc vdt lam chat bdo quan rau qua.
Nham nghidn cuu kha nang su dung tinh ddu nghO trong bao qudn qua tuoi sau thu ho^ch, trong dk^ tdi ndy da tidn hanh ddnh gid kha nang ue chd sinh tnrdng ciia nam men va nam mdc gay hong qua in vivo trdn ddi tupng cam, xodi vd thanh long.
L VAT UPIVA PHUDNG PHAP
Tmh dau nghd thu dupe bang phuong phdp eat ldi cudn hoi nudc (99%). Cac chiing nam spi vd ndm men dupe phdn lap tu nhirng qua bj hong (cam, xoai, thanh long - ehp Long Bi^n, Ha Ndi) vd dupe nhidm ngupc lai dd xde dinh khd nang gay hdng qua eiia ehiing.
Cac chiing YTLl va YXl thude chi Rodoturola dupe phan lap hr thanh long va xodi, tuong irng. Chung NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - KV' 2 - THANG 7/2012 43
KHOA HOC CdNGNGHl MC3 {Valsa sp.) vd MX25 (Aspergillus versicolorVuiH.
Tiraboschi) dupe phan l^p tir cam vd xodi, tuong img.
Chimg 'yX22 {Tuwlopsis sp.) dupe phdn ldp tir xodi.
Chung M15 {Aspergillus awamori Nakazawa). MB18 (Geotiichum candidum Linx ex Leman), MTL2 {Cladosporium cladosporioides (Fres.) de Vries) dupe su dung de nhidm ldn thanh long.
Cdc chung ndm men dupe nudi riSng le trong binh tam gidc chiia mdi tnrdng Hansen djch thd b 30"C, ldc trdn mdy Ide 200 vdng/phiit trong 48 h. Cdc ehung ndm mdc dupe nudi trong dng nghidm chua moi trudng thach Czapeak trong 7 ngdy d- 30"C dd thu bdo hi. Bdo tii mdc dupe hda trong nudc vd tning. Mat dp td bdo vi sinh vdt dat 10^ CFU/ml.
Qua thi nghidm Id cam Hd Tinh. thanh long (Sudi Dd, Binh Thudn) vd xodi Cdt midn Nam (Khanh Hda). Cde loai qud ddu tuoi, cirng vd cd kich thudc tuong ddi ddng deu. Qui trinh xir ly qua trudc thi nghidm: cdc loai qua dupe lau s^eh, rira ky bang nudc may, sau dd dupe rira bang 5% HjOa dd loai bd cdc vi sinh vat bam trdn vo qua. Qua dupe nhiing vdo dieh nuoi cay nam men, va dich bdo tir nam mdc trong vdng 5 phiit Dd khd, nhiing tidp vdo dung dich tinh dau 0,5%. 1% cho cam vd 2% cho xodi. Moi Id thi nghidm 10 qua, nhde lai 3 lan.
Bang 1. Khd nang ire chd ndm men
Ridng ddi vdi thanh long ehi rua bdng ninic khdng sii diing H2O2 dd xu ly do vo thanh long mSn cdm hon vd mdu sdc d^ bi thay ddi do tdc dpng ciia hda ehdt. Thanh long sau khi rira sgch, moi qud khia 5 vdt thuong. Nhd 20 pi dung djch ndm spi mdt do 10* bdo tir/ml vdo timg vdt khia. Dd khd hr nhidn, sau dd nhd 20 pi tinh ddu ndng dO 0,5% (dupe hda loang trong etylen glycol). Dd khO hr nhi^n, giir trong thiing bia eimg (carton) 6 nhiOt dd phdng. dam bao dd dm 80-85% cho qud
Ddl ehiing dupe nia saeh bdng nudc vd HjO,, khdng nhi^m cdc chiing vi sinh vdt vd khdng xtr ly vdi tinh ddu. Cde l o ^ qud dupe bdo quan trong tiji bdng polymer saeh b nhiOt dp phdng, ddm bdo do k 75 - 80%. Theo ddi, quan sdt vd md ta hipn trang qua theo thdi gian.
H. K^ QUA NGHtN Ctiu VA THAO LUAN 1. Anh hudng cua ndng dO tinh ddu ldn qud trinh bdo qudn cam in vivo vd khd nang lie chd ndm men vd ndm mdc trdn cam
Bang phuong phap md ta, da danh gia kha ndng lie chd vi smh vat in vivo tr^n cam sanh. Ndng dg tinh dau su dung da dupe ddnh gia in vitro (Bang 1).
vd ndm mdc cua tinh ddu trtn cam Nhilm vi sinh vat
7 ngay 10 ngay 20 ngdy 25 ngay
YTLl Rbodoturola sp.
Qua thdm den, mdc trang d cudng
Qua tham den. nhun , chay nuoc 10(W6. bd di YXl
Rbodoturola sp.
Qua chuydn mdu sdm, thdi niim
Qua chuydn mau sim, nhun. thdi niim 100% . hodi
MC3 Valsa sp. Vd qua chuydn mau, xudt hi^n mdc d mim
Mdc lan rpng. thdi chdy nudc 100%,bddi 100% qua mau xanh
tuoi chua c6 ddu hi^u hong
100% qui mdu xanh chua c6 ddu hi^u hdng
93% qua mau hoi nga vang chua cd hi^n tupng thdi
100% qud nga vang, v6 hoi hlo 100% qua mau xanh
tuoi chua c6 ddu hi^u bong
100% qud mdu xanh chua cd ddu hi|u hdng
qua vo hoi ngd vdng chua cd hi$n tupng thdi
100% qua nga vang, vd hoi kh6 100% qua mdu xanh
tuoi chua c6 ddu hi^u hong
100% qud mdu xanh tuoi chua CO ddu hi|u hong
93% qua mdu hcri nga vdng, chua c6 ddu hi|u hdng
100% qua nga vang, vo hoi hlo YILl+TD 0,5% 100% qua xanh tuoi vo
hoi bong
100% qua xanh tuoi vo hoi bdng
100% qua xanh chua CO ddu hi|u hdng
100% qua vo vJn xanh. vd hoi h^g 100% qua vin xanh- vo hoi hlo YXl+TD 0.5% 100% qua xanh tuoi vd
hoi bdng
100% qua xanh tuoi vd bong
100% qua xanh chua c6 hi^n tupng hdng MC3+TD 0,5% 100% qua xanh tuoi vo
hoi bdng
100% qua xanh vo hoi bdng
100% qua xanh chua cd ddu hi^u hdng
100% qud van xanh, vo hoi hlo
NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KS' 2 - THANG 7/2012
KHOA HOC C O N G N G H £
Khi cam hi nhidm ndm men vd nam mdc, ehi sau 7 ngdy d nhidt dp phdng, vdi do am 75 - 80% cam da bi hdng (Bdng 1). Nhung sau khi nhi^m vi sinh vat va dupe xii ly bdng tinh dau nghd 1% hoae 0.5%, cam khdng cd ddu hidu bi hong, mdu van tuoi. Vdi Id cam xxx ly bdng tinh dau 1% sau 10 ngdy. vd cam hoi nga vdng. Den ngdy thii 30 vd cam d Id thi nghidm xtr ly tinh dau 1% bi nga mdu vdng vd hoi heo. Vdi Id cam xb ly bdng tinh ddu 0,5%, sau 30 ngay cam nhin van tuoi, mdu vd hoi thay ddi va hoi khd hon so vdi ngdy dau tien.
Kdt qua nhan duoc cho thdy, tinh ddu 1% hoac 0.5% lie che sinh trudng cua nam mdc vd nam men trdn cam. Tuy nhien, tinh dau 1% da dnh huong ddn mdu sdc ciia qua, ldm cho vo qua chuyen sang mau vdng, hoi heo; con tinh ddu 0,5% chi lam vd cam hoi nga vang. Cd the thay, tinh dau ndng dO eao ed anh hudng khdng tdt ldn mau sdc cua qua. Ben canh dd, trong qua trinh bdo quan cam sau thu hoach, trong cam vdn didn ra nhirng bien ddi sinh ly, sinh hda, va
Bang 2. Kha nang iic ehd ndm mdc
vat ly (mat nude) ldm eho cam bt heo, gay giam khdi lupng vd phdm chdt. Nhu vSy. sii dung tinh dau 0,5%
c6 thd bao qudn cam sdnh sau khi phoi nhidm vi sinh vat ddn 25 ngay b nhidt dO phdng.
2. Khd nang ire ehd vi sinh vdt a i a tinh ddu thd trdn xodi
Tuong tu nhu ddi vdi cam, xodi sau khi dupe riia saeh, xir Iy bdng H2O2 dd loai bd vi sinh vat ban dia bdm trdn qua. nhiing xodi vdo dung djch vi sinh vat nghian ciiu, dd khd vd tidp tuc xii ly bdng tinh dau (Bang 2).
Cd thd thay rdng, tuong tu nhu cam, sau 5 ngdy xodi bi nhidm vi sinh vat da hdng hodn todn, trong khi dd xoai dupe xir ly bang tinh ddu mdu vdn vdng, qua cimg binh thudng. Kdt qua nhan dupe trdn bang 2 cho thdy. xodi sau 10 ngdy bi nhidm nam men vd ndm mdc nhung dupe xii ly bdng tinh dau, mdi bdt ddu cd xuat hien cdc ddm den trdn qua. Den ngdy bao qudn thii 15, xoai hdng 1/2 ddn 1/3 qua.
vd ndm men ciia tinh ddu trdn xodi Nhidm vi
sinh vat YX22 Torulopsis
sp.
YXl Rhodotiirola
sp.
MX25 Aspergillus
versicolor YX22+TD
2%
YXl+TD 2%
MX25tTD 2%
DC
5 ngay Mdtd 100% qua thdi nhun b niim va ldm ddm b than
100% qua thdi niim vd cd vdt den ldm ddm.
100% qua thdi nhiin b niim va vdt den d- than 100% qua mau vdng binh thirdng 100% qua mdu vang binh thirdng 100% qua mdu vdng binh thudng 100% qua mau vdng binh ihudng
Miic hdng +++
+++
+++
10 ngdy Md ta
100% vdng tuoi, eo ddm den 6 mim 100% vdng tuoi, ed ddm den 6 ndm 100% vdng hroi, cd ddm den or mim 93% qua hdng 1/4
Miic hdng
±
±
± ++
15 ngdy Mdta
100% qua cd nhidu chdm den 93% qua hdng 1/2
100% qua hdng 1/3 100% hdng
Mirc hdng
++
+++
+++
3. Ddnh gid kha nSng uc chd ndm mdc cua tinh ddu nghO trgn thanh long
Thanh long sau khi bj nhidm ndm spi vao cde vdt khia va xb ly bdng tmh dau 0,5%, dupe bao qudn trong thiing bia cung b nhi^t dp phdng. Sau cde
khoang thdi gian nhdt djnh, xem xet ddnh gid hien trang ciia qua (Bang 3).
Cd tiid thay khi nho nam spi vao cde vdt khia tren qua, ndm ed thd lan ra ben ngoai vd gay thdi nhiin khdng nhirng tai vdt khia md edn ea qua (bang 3).
N O N G NGHliP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG T H 6 N - KY 2 - THANG 7/2012
45
KHOA HQC C O N G N G H I
Bdng 3. Khd nang iic ehd sinh tnrdng ndm mdc trdn thanh long ciia Lo thi nghidm
Ddi chung
Nhidm MTL2 Cladosporium cladosporioides
MTL2-hTD0.5%
Nhidm MB 18 Geotricbuni
candidum
MB18 + TD0.5%
Nhidm M15 Aspergillus
awamori
M15+TD0,5%
Sau 6 ngay Md ta 100% sd qua da va tai hdo. 67% sd qua bj mdc ddu vd cudng
100% sd qua tai vdng. 50% sd qua bi hdng do mdc Cac qud tai vdng vd cd ddm trdn da.
edc vdt xir ly bi lodt Tai heo vdng. ndm lan rdng. 60% qua bi hdng 100% qua da va tai vdng het.Vet xir ly bi nut trdng va loet.
Cae vet co su xudt hidn ciia nam, 60%
sd qua da hong 100% sd vet khia khdng cd su xuat hien eua nam
Mirc hdng
±
++
±
++
±
+
Sau 10 ngdy Mdtd Cdc qua cdn lgi mdc ddu, cudng. da qud cd ddm vdng
100% so qud hdng
cac vdt xir ly an sSu vdo qua 100% vdt khia ed su phdt tridn manh ciia ndm
67% sd qua da hdng
100% sd qua da hdng
Mpt sd vet ed sir xudt hi^n cua spi nam
Mirc hdng
+
-t-H-
+
+++
+
+++
±
tinh ddu nghd Sau 12 ngdy Mdtd Cde qua con lai bj nhun, da va tai vdng
90% cac vet xir ly bj nhun
85% vdt khia cd su phat tndn ciia soi nam
100% sd vdt khia da xuat hidn nam nhung khdng phdt tridn manh
Mirc hong
• H -
++
++
+ Tinh dau ngh^ da dupe nghidn ciiu nhidu vd cdc
dae tinh sinh hpe eiia chting, trong dd cd kha nang khdng vi sinh vat (Apisariakyl et al., 1995; Hsieh et al., 2001; Pawar etal.. 2007). Tinh ddu thuc vgt chiia monoterpenes. sesquiterpenes vd phenyl propionoids vd da dupe chiing minh ed kha nSng ddi khdng cdc loai nam khac nhau (Paranagaraa et al., 2003). Mire dd man cam khde nhau eiia vi sinh vat cd thd do ban chat khdng ciia vi sinh v|t va thdnh phdn ciia ede hpp chat trong tinh ddu. Thu nghidm sinh hpc cho thdy, tinh ddu thuc vat rat gidu terpenes (monoterpenes, oxygenated monoterpenes vd sesquiterpenes). HiOn nay, phuong thue hoat ddng ciia terpenes chua dupe rd hodn toan, nhung dua trdn dac tinh khdng ua nuoc eua ehiing, ndi chung cd thd eho rdng chiing tham gia vao eae co chd nhu mdng td bao chat, ldm tiia cdc thanh phdn trong td bdo vd phd vO lire day proton (Norajite/a/.,2007).
Theo Dhingra va ddng tac gia (2007), tinh ddu nghe {Curcuma longa L.) dOc ddi vdi 7 loai ndm lam hdng nong san trong kho. Phu thuOc vao loai nam, su
lie chd sinh tnrdng ciia chiing dao ddng tir 36-77X, Aspergillus tiavus, Fusarium semltectum, Colletotrichum gloeosporioides va C. niusae la nhirng logi man cam nhat bj ire ehe su phdt trien trto 70%. Ar-hirmerone chidm 87% cua hpp chdt dau khdng ndm. Ar-turmerone tinh sgch cd hoat tinh khdng nam tuong tu nhu ddu thd. Behura va cs.
(2000) thdy rdng Irong 5 ngudn benh ndm liia dugc xii ly vdi tinh dau ngh^, Rhizotonla solani man cam nhat va F. monUiforme khdng mgnh nhdt voi sir phat tridn hi giam 81% va 2,5%, tuong ung.
Tuong tu, su phat tridn ciia C. gloeosporioid^
Sphaceloma caradmomi va Pestdlotiopsis palnianim hoan toan bj ire ehe cr nong dp 1-5% tinh dau ngh^.
trong khi do /7. solani chl hi iic ehd 79% (Dhingra et al., 2007). Jayaprakash vd ddng tdc gid (2001) th^j- ndng do dau 0,1 - 0,6% trong mdi tnrdng lam chamsV phat tridn eua cde l o ^ nam A flavus, A parasiticus, PeniciUium digitatum vd F. monUIiforme vdi nwic d^
khdc nhau nhung khdng iic chd hoan toan sir nay mam bao tir eua chiing.
46 NONG NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G THON - KY 2 - THANG 7/2012
KHOA HOC C 6 N G NGHfi
Su khdng thdng nhat vd ndng dp tinh dau lie chd sinh trudng cdc loai vi sinh vat khdc nhau cd thd do su khac nhau thanh phdn ciia tinh ddu dupe nhan tir cae ngudn va bang cdc phuong phap khde nhau Gayaprakasha etal., 2001; Burt, 2004; Dhingra etal.. 2007. Pawa etal. 2007). Hogt tinh khang vi sinh vat ciia tinh dau nghd chu ydu do tdc dung ciia ar-turmerone (Dhingra et al.. 2007; Garcia et al., 2008), mac dil cdc thdnh phdn khdc trong tinh ddu nghe cung cd kha nang khang vi sinh vat va cd the eac thanh phan khac nay cd tac dung ldm tang hoat tinh sinh hoc ciia ar-turmerone (Dhingra et al, 2007).
Mac dil cd khd nhieu tai lieu nghidn cim ve kha nang khang vi sinh vat cua tinh dau ngh^ in vitro nhu da ndi b tren. nhung chua co nghien eim nao sir dung tinh ddu nghe m vivo tren qua sau tliu hogch nhdm keo dai thdi gian bao qudn ciia chiing. Ket qua ciia nghien ciiu nay khdng djnh khd nang sir dung tinh ddu nghe nhu mdt chat bao qudn qud sau thu hoach an toan, kinh td va hidu qua.
IV. KH LUAN
Cam sanh, thanh long va xodi sau khi bi nhidm nam men va ndm mdc da duoc xb ly bdng tinh ddu nghe vdi cdc ndng dp khac nhau. Vdi ndng do tinh ddu 0,5%, ed the bao quan cam sau phoi nhidm den 25 ngdy 6 nhiet dp phdng, trong khi chi ed the bao qudn xodi va thanh long ddn 10 ngay voi ndng dp tinh ddu tuong iing la 2% vd 0,5%. sau khi phoi nhiem.
Ldi edm on: Cdng trinh duoc boan thinh vdi sir tai tra kinh phi cua Bd Khoa hoc vi Cdngnghe- De tii doc lip 2008T/16.
TAlliUTHAMKHAO
1. Apisaryakul A., Vanittanakom N., Buddhasukh D., 1995. Antifungal activity of hirmerie oil exh-acted from Curcuma longa (Zingiberaceae). / Etimopbarmacol 49:163-169.
2. Behura C , Ray P., Rath C. C , Mishra R K., I Ramachandraiah 0 . S., Chaiyulu J. K., 2000.
I Antifungal activity of essential oils of Curcuma longa I against five rice pathogens in vitro. J. Essent Od . Bear Plants 3: 7^M.
3. Burt S., 2004. Essential oils: their antibacterial [ properties and potential applications in foods (A I review). Inter/. FoodMicrobioI94:223-253.
4. Chowdhury H.. Walia S., Saxena V. S., 2000.
Isolation, characterization and insect growth inhibitory activity of major turmeric constituents and their derivatives against Scbistocerca gregaria (Forsk) and Dysdercus koenigH QNdik). PestManag Scim-. 1086-1092.
5. Dhingra O. D., Jham G. N., Barcelos R C . Mendonfa F.A., Ghivinga I.. 2007. Isolation and Identification of the principal fungitoxic component of Turmeric essential oil. / Essential Od Res. 19 (4): 387-391.
6. Garcia R, Alves E. S. S.. Santos M. P.. Gloria M. F.. Aquije V. A., Femandes A. R, dos Santos R B., Ventura J. A., Femandes P. M. B., 2008 Antimicrobial activity and potential use of monoterpenes as tropical fruit preservatives. Braz. J.
Microbiol. Z9:l%Z-\m.
7. Hsieh P. C . Mau J. L, Huang S. H., 2001.
Antimicrobial effect of various combinations of plant extracts. Food Microbiol. 18: 35-43.
8. Jayaprakasha G. K., Negi P. S., Anandharamakrishnan C , Sakanah K., 2001 Chemical composition of turmeric oil- a byproduct of oleoresin industry and its inhibitory activity against different fungi. Z. Naturforschung S.6e: 40-44.
9. Leela N. K., Tava A., Shafi P. M., John S. P., Chempakam B., 2002. Chemical composition of essential oils of turmeric {Curcuma longa L.). Acta Pbarm. 52:137-141.
10. Negi P. S., Jayaprakasha G. K., Jagan Mohan Rao L, Sakanah K. K., 1999. Antibacterial activity of turmeric oil: A byproduct from curcumin manufacture. / Agric. Food Chem. 4: 4297-4300.
11. Norajit K., Laohakunjit N., Kerdehoeehuen 0., 2007 Antibacterial effect of five Zingiberaceae essential oils. Molecules 12: 2047-2060.
12. Paranagama P. A., Abeysekera K. H. T , Abeywickrama K., Nugaliyadde L., 2003. Fungicidal and anti-aflatoxigenie effects of the essential oil of Cymbopogon citratus (DC.) Stapf. (lemongrass) against Aspergillus Havus link, isolated from stored rice. Leti. Appl Microbiol. 37: 86-90.
13. Pawar V. C , Thaker V. S.. 2007. Evaluation of the anti-Fusarium oxysporum f. sp cicer and anti- Altemaria porri effects of some essential oils. World J. Microbiol Biotechnol 23:1099-1106.
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 2 - THANG 7/2012 47
KHOA HOC C O N G NGHfi
14. Raina V. K., Snvastava S. K.. Jain N., Ahmad Roma from the plains of northem India. Flavoui A., Syamasundar K. V , Aggarwal K. K.. 2002. Fragr. J. IT. ^102.
Essential oil composition of Curcuma longa L. cv.
IN PTFO ASSESSMENT OF ANTIFUNGAL ACnVTIY OF VIETNAMES TURMERIC OIL Nguyen Thi Kim Cue, Le Due Anh, Pham Viet Cuong Summary
The antimicrobial activity in vivo on oranges, dragon fruiLs and mangoes of essential oil from Curcuma longa L. derived by steam distillation was assessed. Orages and mangoes after preliminary treatment, were immersed in fungal and yeast >olution wilh concentration about IO** CFU/ml. Fruits then were treated with crude tuniienc oil at concentrations (v/v) of 0.5% and 1% (for oranges) and 2% (for mnngoes) Specially for dragon fruits. 5 wounds per fruit were created, dripping 20 pi fungal solution into wounds, drying at room temperature and then die wounds were treated with 20 pi 0.5% turmeric oil. The fruits were kc|it at room temperature and 75-80% humidity. Results: after 7 days treatment, oranges infected with investigated fungi and yeasts were ruined, while no changes were observed in the variants treated with turmeric oil. Oranges treated with turmeric oil after 25 days preservation retained their colour and degree of hardness, meanwhile no-oil treatment fruits were grown black and dncci. Expenments with mangoes revealed that after 5 days, vanants infected with microorganisms were spoilled completely, the vanants treated with tumieric oil were still ft^esh. The mangoes treated witli tunnenc oil can extend preservation time up to 10 days, while quarter control fruit (without infccUon and treatment by oil) was mined. For dragon fruits. lOdJi fruits infected with fungi and witliout oil treatment were spoiled after 10 days at room temiwrature. ratio of ruined fruits decreased 50% in variants with oil treatment after fungi infecUon.
Keywords: Antimicrobial, dragon tivit, essential oil, fungi, mangoes, oranges, yeast Ngudi phan bi^n: PGS. TS Nguyen Duy LAm
Ngdy nhan bdi: 30/3/2012 Ngdy thdng qua phan biOn: 29/6/2012 Ngdy duyOt dang: 6/7/2012
48 N O N G NGHlfP VA PHAT TRIEN N 6 N G T H 6 N - K\' 2 - THANG 7/201!
