K H O A H Q C C 6 N G N G H $ H A I P H 6 N G
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rong nhixng nam qua, ciing vdi sy phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi ciia thdnh phd, thdng qua qua frinh ^r ddo tao vd ddo tgo lgi da phdt trien nhanh vi sd luqmg, tnrdng thdnh mpt budc ve chat lupng, thich nghi dan vdi nen kirih te thj trudng vd cd nhiing ddng gdp ddng ke trong sy nghipp phdt triin kinh ti - xa hpi vd khoa hpc, cdng nghp ciia thdnh phi.Mpt sd lugng dang ki can bp KH&CN cd trinh dp chuyen mdn, cdng nghe va ngoai ngu tuomg ddi tdt da duqc thu hiit ve Hai Phdng thdng qua cdc dy dn ddu tu nudc ngodi, dac biet trong ITnh vyc sdn xudt thep, mdt ngdnh da trd thdnh miii nhpn cua Hai Phdng.
Ben canh do, bang ca che sd dung, thanh phd da thu hiit chat xdm cua mpt luc lugng tuong ddi ldn cdc nha khoa hpc, cdng ngh? ciia cdc CO quan tnmg uang. Luc lugng cdn bp KH&CN nay da tham gia mpt each tich cue va cd hipu qua vao viec tu van, phdn bien, nghien ciiu va gidi quyet mpt sd van de ldn, quan trpng ve KH&CN vd phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi cua thdnh phd trong cdc ITnh vyc khoa hpc ky thudt va cdng nghe, dieu tra ca bdn va bdo v?
mdi trudng, khoa hpc xa hpi va nhan vdn, an ninh - qudc phdng, dgc biet trong vipc xdy dyng cdc chien luge phdt trien kinh ti - xa hpi,
ThS. Lt THf T 6 U Y £ N Pho Gidm ddc So KH&CM KH&CN, gido dye - ddo tao. Day la ngudn nhdn lyc KH&CN rat quan trpng ddi vdi thdnh phd Hai Phdng.
Thanh pho hipn cd khodng 136.470 ngudi cd trinh dp cao dang, dai hpc trd ISn, (dat 734 ngudi CO trinh dp cao dang, dai hpc/1 van dan), trong dd c6 4.200 ngudi cd trinh dd tren dai hpc, 08 GS, 42 PGS. Ngudn nhan lyc KH&CN ciia thdnh phd da cd nhieu ddng gdp quan trpng, thiet thyc cho phat trien kinh te xa hdi, qudc phdng, an ninh thdnh phd.
Nhan luc KH&CN tham gia cdng tac qudn ly, lanh dao d cdc ca quan Ddng, Nhd nudc.
Mat tran Td qudc va cdc dodn the da ludn phat huy tdt vai trd vd khd nang cua minh, khdng ngimg nang cao hieu qud lanh dao, qudn ly, dieu hanh, gdp phdn quan trpng vdo sy ddi mdi hogt ddng ciia h? thdng chinh trj, da ddng gdp tich cue vdo xay dyng nhirng luan cii khoa hoc cho viec xdy dyng, ban hdnh cdc quyet sach, hoach djnh chinh sdch, ke hoach phat trien kinh te - xa hdi ciia thdnh phd. Vdi su chii ddng, tich cue tham muu de xuat ciia dpi ngii nhan lyc KH&CN, thdnh phd da ban hanh hdng loat ca che chinh sdch, chiin luge, ki hoach, phat trien kinh te - xa hdi thdnh phd, nhieu chuang trinh, de dn Idn da va dang dupc trien khai di vao cudc sdng.
Trong ITnh vyc gido dye ddo tao, nhan lyc KH&CN da gdp phan rdt quan h-png vdo viec ddo tao ngudn nhdn luc, bdi dudng nhdn tai phuc vu sy nghipp cdng nghiep hda, hien dai hda thdnh phd. Trong 4 nam (2008 - 2011), cdc trudng dai hpc da ddo tgo 26.997 ngudi co trinh dp dai hpc, thac sT, tiin sT (25.393 ngudi cd trinh dp dai hpc, 1.599 thgc sT, 5 tien sT) cho thdnh phd vd cdc tinh; cdc ca sd day nghe da ddo tgo dugc gdn 150.000 lao dpng ky thudt.
Bdn tin Khoa hpc Cong nghe so 1 - 2013 13
^ KHOA HQC C 6 N G N G H $ H A I P H 6 N G tirn^ budc ddp iing nhu cau Iao dpng cua thdnh
phd. Trong ngdnh y ti, nhdn lyc KH&CN dd the lii?n dugc vai trd, trdch nhipm quan trpng doi vdi sy nghipp chdm sdc, bdo v$ siic kho6 nhdn dan tren dja bdn thdnh pho. Mgng ludi y te tir thdnh phd den co sd dugc cdng co, phdt triin. Dpi ngu cdn bp. nhdn vien ngdnh y ti dugc tdng cudng ve so lugng, cung nhu ndng cao vi trinh dp chuyen mdn, gdp phan quan trpng ndng cao chat lugng cdng tdc bdo v$, cham sdc sire kho6 nhan ddn cua thdnh pho.
Nhan lyc nghien ciru phdt triin trong cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao ddng, cdc to chirc KH&CN trong 5 nam (2006 - 2011) da to chirc triin khai 140 nhipm vy cap thdnh phi, hdng chyc nhipm vy cap Nhd nudc, cdp Bp;... Cdc nhipm vy xuat phdt tir nhu cau thyc te, sau ddnh gid, nghipm thu dugc ling dyng, mang Igi hipu qud kinh te - xa hpi thiet thyc: nghien ciiu cdi tien cdng nghe, thiet b j, san xudt cdc sdn pham mdi, nang cao chdt lugng cdc sdn pham truyen thdng, ndng cao khd ndng cgnh traith cua doanh nghiep; khdo nghi?m, lya chpn nhieu giong cay, gidng con cd gid trj kinh te cao; nang cao chat lugng cdc hoat dpng djch vy...
Tuy nhien, nhan lyc KH&CN cua thdnh pho cdn mdt sd han che. Nhan lyc KH&CN tuy da cd budc phdt trien ve sd lugng, nhimg chdt lupng chua cao, thieu cdn bp ddu dan, chuyen gia gidi trong cdc ITnh vyc cdng ngh? trinh dp .cao; Mdt bp phan bat cgp ve kien thiic, nang lyc trinh dp, chua ddp iing yeu cau nhi^m vy cdng nghiep hda - hipn dai hda thdnh phd; khd ndng ngogi ngil cdn yeu, hgn che khd nang tiep c^n tri thiic tien tiin, nang lyc nghien ciiu, chua ddp ling yeu cau h^i nhgp quoc te ve KH&CN.
Thieu cdn bp ddu dan d nhieu ITnh vyc khoa hpc, dgc bipt Id cdn bp trd ke can cd trinh dp cao. Van de tranh thu nguon nhdn lyc khoa hpc tli Trung uang vd cdc dja phuang chua dugc cdc ngdnh quan tdm; chinh sach thu hut, sii dung, dai ngp can bp KH&CN chdm dugc dii mdi, chua ddng bp vd hipu qud chua cao.
Ben canh dd, cd sy mat can ddi ve co cdu ngdnh nghi. Mdt so ngdnh dugc xac dinh Id thi manh cua Hdi Phong nhu ca khi, cdng ngh§ vgt lieu mdi, cdng nghipp chi bien, cdng ngh?
thdng tin.... cdn bp cd trinh d^ tren dgi hpc co ty l§ r^t thip: cdng nghipp: 7% CNTT: 6,8%, mdi trudng: 2,24%; thdp nhat Id ITnh vyc xay dyng 0,79%.
Ndng lyc cua nhdn lyc NCPT trong cac trudng dgi hpc, cao ddng, cdc to chiic KH&CN ciia thdnh pho Hdi Phdng trgn tdng thi chua mgnh, chua thyc sy Id nhiing lyc lugng chu dgo vi nghign ciiu KH&CN cua thdnh phd, chua^
ddm duong nhiing nhipm vy KH&CN nhlm gidi quyit nhOmg van de ldn, quan trpng ciia thdnh pho trong nhieu ITnh vyc. Hogt dpng nghidn ciiu KH&CN trong cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao ddng cdn nhiiu hgn chi, cdc nhi$m vy nghiSn ciiu chii yiu mdi chi t^p trung d vi$c xay dyng gido trinh gidng dgy, chua cd nhieu nhi?m vy gdn ket vdi phdt triSn kinh te - xa hpi cua thdnh pho...
Nhieu cdng trinh nghien cuu van cdn han chi vi chat lugng vdi hdm lugng khoa hpc thkp. S6 lugng cdc cdng yinh khoa hpc dupc cdng bd tren cdc tgp chi khoa hpc qudc te la it;
Cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao ddng, cdc td chiic KH&CN thdnh phd khdng cd sdng che, giai phdp hihi ich dugc bdo hp...
Thdnh phd cd it cdc nhd khoa hpc cd trinh dO cao vd du ndng lyc cd the chii tri cdc nhiem vu nghien cihi quy md qudc gia vd qudc ti. Dpi ngu nhdn lyc KH&CN cua thdnh pho chua ddm duong nhimg nhipm vy KH&CN nham gidi quyit nhiing van de ldn, quan trpng trong nhieu ITnh vyc.
Mqt so nhi?m vu, gidi phdp phdt triin nhdn lyc KH&CN
Bdn tin Khoa hqc Cong ngh? sd 1 - 2013.
KHOA HQC C 6 N G NGH(: HAI PH6NG
Trong bdi cdnh hipn nay, de vugt qua thdch thiic vd tao da phdt triin thdnh phd nhanh va ben virng, ben canh vipc tap trung sir dyng hipu qua ngudn lyc de gidi tod cdc diem nghen tdng trudng, Hdi Phong phdi chu trpng dau tu manh cho phat triin KH&CN va nguon nhdn lyc KH&CN, hinh thdnh nin tdng kinh ti tri thiic, qua do nang cao hieu qua dau tu, tdi cdu tnic kinh te; thuc day tdc dp vd chat lupng tang trudng cua nen kinh te ciia thdnh phd. Mac dii Hdi Phdng cd he thdng dao tao phdt triin vd trinh dp hpc vdn thudc dgng cao trong cd nudc nhung trinh dp nhdn lyc. dgc bipt la nhan lyc KH&CN va nhan lyc chat lugng cao chua dap ling dugc yeu cau phdt trien.
Thuc te nay dgt ra ddi hdi, ySu cau phdt trien dpi ngii nhan luc KH&CN ciia thdnh phd cd trinh dp cao, ngang tam cdc nudc cd trinh dp phdt trien khd trong khu vuc, tdm huyet, trung thyc, tan tuy; cd bdn ITnh chinh tri vumg vdng, pham chat va nang lyc tdt, cd ca cau phu hgp vdi Chien luge phat trien kinh te - xa hpi thanh phd, bdo ddm sy chuyen tiep lien tyc, viing vang giua cdc the he, ddp ung yeu cau, nhiem vu cua thdi ky mdi vdi mdt sd myc tieu cu the:
Phdt triin nhan lyc KH&CN cd trinh dp cao, xdy dung dpi ngii chuyen gia gidi, cdn bd KH&CN ddu ddn; nhan lyc KH&CN cd yinh dp cao ddng, dgi hpc trd len dgt 850 ngudi/van dan; T}" Ie cdnbp nghien ciiu - phdt trien dat 12 - 1 3 ngudi/van dan; dpi ngu nhan lyc KH&CN trong cac trudng dai hpc, cao dang, vien nghien cuu, td chuc KH&CN tren dia ban thdnh phd tang binh qudn 20%/nam (hien tai Hdi Phdng la 16%, chi tieu cd nudc Id 15%);
trong dd 35% cd trinh dp tren dgi hpc vao nam 2015; 40% cd trinh dp tren dai hpc vdo nam 2020 (chi tieu cd nudc Id 30% va 35%, hien tai Hai Phdng Id 31,2%);
Cung vdi viec trien khai ddng bp cac nhiem vu, giai phap cua Nghi quyet 18-NQ/TU ngay 11 thang 4 nam 2008 cua Ban Thudng vu Thanh iiy ve mpt sd chu tnrcmg, giai phap chu yeu phat trien nhan luc chat lugng cao dap irng yeu cau cdng nghiep hoa, hien dai hoa thanh phd din nam 2010, dinh hudng 2020 (trong do CO nhan luc KH&CN); Chuang trinh hanh
ddng sd 24-Cy/TU ngdy 24/9/2008 cua Ban Thudng vy Thdnh uy thyc hi?n Nghj quyet Trung ucmg 7 ve phdt triin vd phat huy vai trd ciia dpi ngu tri thiic, de xuat tap trung mpt sd giai phdp sau:
Mot Id, xdy dyng quan ni?m dung dan trong tir duy cdng nhu hdnh dqn^ ciia lanh dao vd qudn ly cdc nganh, cdc cap, cac chu doanh nghi?p vd todn xa hpi ve vai trd nen tdng va ddng luc ciia KH&CN: Vai trd ciia khoa hpc trong vi^c nghien cim cung cap cac luan cir khoa hpc tin cay, dpc lap, khach quan cho viec hoach djnh, ban hdnh cac chii tnrcmg, quyet sdch Clia cdc cap, cdc ngdnh; Sy can thiet nghien cihi, img dung tien bp KH&CN trong quan ly (qudn ly hdnh chinh, quan ly trong doanh nghipp...); Vai trd dpng lyc ciia KH&CN trong viec nang cao nang sudt, chat lugng, ha gia thdnh san phdm, nang cao khd nang canh tranh cua doanh nghipp...
Hai la, xdy dung, qudn ly quy hogch nhdn luc KH&CN vd th{rc hien tot quy hogch do.
Ba Id, CO cdc chinh sdch ddo tgo, su dung, thu hiit, trqng dung, ddi ngg, ton vinh doi ngu cdn bq KH&CN phu hqp. Ra soat, danh gid cdc ca che, chinh sdch phat trien nhdn lyc KH&CN da ban hanh, kien nghi chinh siia de bdo ddm tfnh nhat quan, ddng bp trong trien khai thyc hien. Xay dirng va thuc hicn chinh sach dao lao, bdi dirang, sir dung, thu hut, trong dung, dai ngp, ton vinh dpi ngii can bg KH&CN, nhat la cac chuyen gia gioi, cd nhicu dong gop. Chii trpng xay dyng ca che thich hgp, hieu qua de thu hut cac chuyen gia gioi, cac nha khoa hpc dau nganh cua Trung uang.
Bdn tin Khoa hoc Cong nghe so I - 2013
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KHOA HQC C 6 N G NGH|: HAI PH6NG
Can cd chinh sdch ho trg cdn bp KH&CN di ldm vipc vd thyc tgp cd thdi hgn tgi cdc ti chiic KH&CN, doanh nghipp d nudc ngodi de gidi quyit cdc nhi^m vy KH&CN cd t4m thdnh phi, kit hgp boi duang, ddo tgo ndng cao trinh dp.
Bon Id, da dgng hoa cdc logi hinh, cap dq ddo tgo, ndng cao chat Itfq'ng ddo tgo nhdn lire KH&CN. Ddu tu, lien doanh, lien kit, ndng cdp, md r^ng h? thong co sd ddo tgo, bii dudng nhan Iyc KH&CN chat lugng cao vdi trinh dp phii hgp. Lya chpn cdn bp nghien cuu vd gidng day, cir di hpc ndng cao tgi cdc trudng dgi hpc, vi?n nghien ciiu trong nudc ho^c nudc ngodi;
mdi cdc chuyen gia, cdc nhd khoa hpc d4u ngdnh ve lam vipc tgi cdc trudng, cdc td chirc KH&CN, tryc tiep tham gia cdc chuang trinh, dy dn, hgp ddng chuyen giao cdng ngh?...
trong qud trinh Idm vipc hudng dan, bdi dudng ndng cao trinh dp cho cdn bp KH&CN cua thanh phd.
Nghien cihi, phdi hgp dau tu vi co sd vat chat, thiet hi nghien ciiu, thi nghi?m, Iyc lugng can bp Clia cdc dan vj Vien Tdi nguyen vd Mdi tnrdng bien, Vipn Nghien ciiu Hdi san, Vipn Y hpc bien, cdc Trung tdm nghien ciiu iing dyng, cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao dang, cac bpnh vipn chuyen khoa ddu ngdnh ciia thdnh phd... de dii siic nghien ciiu vd gidi quyit cac nhipm vy khoa hpc dang dat ra, gdp phan ddo tao, boi dudng dpi ngu can bp KH&CN cd trinh dp cao Clia thanh phd.
Nam Id. ddy mgnh hqp tdc quoc te ve phdt trien nhdn luc KH&CN. Tiep tuc duy tri vd tang cudng ddu tu, ndng cao hipu qud ddo tao sau dgi hpc tir ngan sach nhd nudc, cd chinh sach uu tien giii di ddo tgo cdc chuyen ngdnh cdng ngh? cao d cdc nudc phat triin. Md rpng phuang thirc ddo tao trong nudc cd sy tham gia cua cdc chuyen gia nudc ngodi khdng chi d cdc trudng dai hpc md cd d cdc to chiic nghiSn ciiu KH&CN yen dja ban.
Tiip tyc thiic ddy hgp tdc song phuang, da phuomg trong hgp tdc qudc ti vi ddo tgo, bdi duang, hpc tap kinh nghipm cho nguon nhan Iyc KH&CN. Thu hut cac nguon vdn tu nudc ngodi (ODA,FDI,...) ddu tu tiim Iyc cho cdc ca sd dao tgo nhdn lyc KH&CN.
Sdu td. ciing cd, sdp xep lgi vdphdt trien cdc ca so hogt dqng khoa hqc - cong ngh?, tgp trung diu tu ding bp cho nhiing ca sd trpng diim, xdy dyng mpt so phdng thi nghipm, thii nghi$m dgt tidu chuin quic gia vd cdc nu6c trong khu vyc, bdo ddm dii khd ndng gidi quyet nhfrng nhi^m vy thdnh phd giao ddng thdi phat huy dnh hudng tdi cdc dja phuang trong vung;
phdt triin mgnh cdc hogt dpng tu van, djch vy khoa hpc vd chuyen giao cdng nghf
T^p trung dau nr xdy dyng mpt sd don vj hogt dpng KH&CN du ndng lyc nghiSn ciru, tiip thu chuyin hod kit qud KH&CN, dap ung ySu cau trong tinh hinh mdi. Hinh thanh cac khu ho$c viing iing dyng cdng ngh?, ky thuat cao thich hgp vdi Hdi Phdng de tiep nhdn nhimg cdng nghp cao, quy ty lyc lugng, tgp dugt vd ndng cao ndng lyc KH&CN cua thanh pho, phyc vy myc tiSu phdt triSn nhanh cua thdnh pho.
Day mgnh hgp tdc lien ket giiia cac tmdng dgi hpc, cao ddng, cdc td chuc KH&CN vdi co quan, doanh nghipp, nhdm ddm hao cdc kSt qua nghien ciiu ra cd dja chi iing dyng ngay. Day la gidi phdp quan h"gng phat huy tiem nang nhan lyc KH&CN, nang cao chat lugng hogt dpng KH&CN yong cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao dang, cdc td chiic KH&CN, de hogt ddng ndy thyc sy gdn ket vdi san xuat vd ddi sdng, ddng thdi day manh phong ydo nghien ciiu khoa hpc trong sinh vien, ndng cao chat lugng dao tao.
Cdn cir vdo khd nang ngdn sdch, thdnh phi uu tien ho trg kinh phi cho Td chiic KH&CN, cdc trudng dgi hpc, cao ddng thyc hien nhiem vy KH&CN Clia cdc doanh nghiSp di nghien ciiu cdi tiin, ddi mdi... cdng ngh?/thiit bi san xuat ra cdc sdn phdm cd gid tri gia tang cao, thupc cdc ITnh vyc uu tien phdt triin ciia thdnh pho.
Nhu vgy, frong bdi canh hpi nhgp kinh ti, nguon nhdn lyc ddng vai yd ngdy cdng quan trpng. Nhan lyc KH&CN ciia thdnh phi se ngdy cdng phdt huy siic mgnh, trd thdnh nguin npi lyc mgnh me dua thanh pho phdt triin vi mpi mat. •
16 Bdn tin Khoa hqc Cong nghe sd 1 - 2013
