TIEU CHI XAC DjNH MOT SO NHIEM VU, DjCH VU HANH CHINH CONG MA NGANH Tl/ PHAP DANG THI/C HIEN CO THE CHUYEN GIAO
Vo Dinh Todn' Trdn Thu Trang^
Tdm tat: Hien nay, viec chuyen giao cho doanh nghiep, cdc td chicc xd hdi thuc hiin mdt sd nhiem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cong la mdt trong cdc gidi phdp ndng cao hieu qud qudn ly nhd nude ddi vdi cdc hogt ddng md Nhd nude khong cdn thiit phdi thuc hien. Viec chuyin giao ndy phdi tren CO sd ndng luc tiip nhdn ciia doanh nghiep, cita cdc td chuc xa hdi theo nguyen tdc bdo ddm an ninh... Do dd, viec nghien cuu di xdc dinh cdc tieu chi chuyin giao mgt sd nhiem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng trong ngdnh tuphdp coy nghia lan vi ly ludn vd thuc tiin. Bdi viet sau ddy trinh bay nhdn dien vi nhiem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng, thuc trgng ve xd hgi hda, thuc tien thuc hien xa hgi hda nhiem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng trong ngdnh tuphdp tic dd dua ra cdc kiin nghi xdy dung tieu chi chuyen giao cho doanh nghiep, cdc td chicc xd hdi cd du ndng luc ddm nhiem mdt sd nhiem vu vd dich vu hdnh chinh cdng md cdc co quan hdnh chinh nhd nude thugc Bd, ngdnh Tuphdp khdng nhdt thiet phdi thuc hien.
Tir khoa: Dich vu hdnh chinh cdng, nhiem vu hdnh chinh cong, tiiu chi chuyen giao, xa hgi hoa dich vu hdnh chinh cdng.
Nhdn bdi: 11/06/2019; Hodn thdnh biin tap: 14/06/2019; Duyet ddng: 10/7/2019.
Abstract: Now, transferring some duties, service of public administration to enterprises, social organizations is one of solutions to enhance effectiveness of state management on some activities which are not necessary to be implemented by the state. The transferring needs to be based on reception capacity of enterprises, social organizations under principle of security. Therefore, studying to fine criteria to transfer some duties, service of public administration in legal sector has great meaning in terms of theory and reality. The below article presents the finding of duties, service of public administration, socialization reality, reality of implementing socialization of duties, service of public administration in legal sector to propose suggestions to develop criteria of transferring some duties, service of public administration which are not necessary to be carried out by the state administrative agencies of the Judicial sector, ministry to capable enterprises, social organizations.
Keywords: duties of public administration, service of public administration, criteria of transfer, socialization of public administration service.
Date ofreceipt: 11/06/2019; Date ofrevision: 14/06/2019; Date of approval: 10/7/2019.
1. Nhan dien nhiem vu, dich vu hanh ddng cua nhd nude phuc vu Igi ich cua ddn cu, td chinh cong chirc nhu cdng chiing, chiing thyc... cdc boat
Vdi tu each Id chu tiie quyen lyc chinh tri, ddng nay thudng dugc ggi la djch vu cdng. Khac boat ddng tac dgng den ddn cu ciia nha nude cd vdi djch vu cdng, nhiem vu hdnh chinh cdng la tiie phan chia lam hai loai; Thii nhdt, hoat dgng nhiem vu mang tinh hanh phap, do he thdng co gan vdi quyen lyc nha nude ma khdng mdt chii quan hanh phdp thuc hien. Viec thyc hien nhiem the nao cd tiie thay the dugc nhu: xir ly vl pham vy hanh chinh cdng gdn vdi tu each phap ly cua hanh chinh, xet xii hinh sy... Thii hai, cac boat chu till vd viec ganh chiu hau qua phap ly phdt
' Tien sj, Ph6 Vien truong Vien Khoa hpc phdp ly, B0 Tu phap.
^ Thac sj, Vi^n Khoa hpc phdp ly, Bp Tu phap
Wtmmmm
sinh. Chiing tdi ddng thuan vdi quan diem cho nhdm muc tieu Igi nhudn, do ca quan nhd nude rang "xet ve ndi ham, quan niem ve "qudn ly cd thdm quyin cdp cho td chuc, cd nhdn dudi hanh chinh nha nude" tiong cdc tai lieu tieng viet hinh thuc cdc logi gidy td cd gid tri phdp ly va "hanh chinh cdng" tiong tai lieu tieng anh ve
bdn chat la tuong ddng nhau"^.
Khdi niem djch vu cdng dugc hieu "Id nhimg hogt dgng phuc vu cdc nhu cdu co bdn, thiit yiu cua ngudi ddn, vi lai ich chung cua xd hdi, do Nhd nude true tiip ddm nhdn hay uy quyen, hogc tgo diiu kiin cho khu vice tu nhdn thuc hiin nhdm bdo ddm dn dinh vd cdng bdngxd hdi"*.
trong cdc ITnh vuc md ca quan nhd nude do qudn ly. Mdi dich vu hdnh chinh cdng gdn lien vdi mdt thu tuc hdnh chinh di gidi quyet hodn chinh mot cdng viec cu the lien quan den td chuc, cd nhdn ".
Trong ITnh vyc tu' phap, xa hdi hda dich vu cdng dugc xdc djnh Id nhiem vy chien luge quan tigng tiong thyc hien cai cdch tu phap, xdy dyng Djch vu cdng la nhung boat dgng cua ca quan va hodn thien phdp ludt. Nghi quyet sd 49- nhd nude trong viec thyc thi chiic nang quan ly NQ/TW ngay 02/6/2006 cua Bg Chinh tri ve hdnh chinh nhd nude va bdo ddm cung iing cdc Chien luge cdi each tu phap den nam 2020 da chi bdng hda cdng cdng phyc vu nhu cdu chung, thiet
yeu ciia xa bdi. Viec tien hdnh boat ddng dy cd the do Nhd nude hoac tu nhdn ddm nhiem. Xet theo ITnh vyc cung ung djch vu, djch vu cdng dugc chia thanh ba nhdm chii yeu: (1) Nhdm dich vu hdnh chinh cdng; (2) Nhdm dich vu cdng cdng; (3) Nhdm djch vu cdng ich^
Theo quy djnh tai khodn 6 Dieu 3 Nghi djnh sd 64/2007/ND-CP ngay 10/04/2007 ciia Chinh
rd: "thuc hiin xd hdi hda mgnh me cdc hogt a bd trg tuphdp". Ddng thdi, Nghj quyet sd 48- NQ/TW ngay 24/5/2006 cua Bd Chinh tri v l Chien luge xdy dung vd hodn thien be thdng phdp luat din nam 2010, djnh hudng 2020 ciing xdc dinh xdy dyng vd hodn tbien phdp ludt ve bd trg tu phap (ludt su, cdng chiing, gidm dinh, canh sat tuphdp...) theo hudng ddp iing ngay cang ddy dil, thudn Igi cdc nhu cdu da dang ve hd tig phap phu ling dung cdng nghe thdng tm trong boat ly ciia nhdn dan, doanh nghiep; thyc hien xa hdi ddng ciia co quan nha nude, "dich vu hdnh
chinh cdng "dugc hieu Id nhimg dich vu lien quan den hogt ddng thuc thi phdp ludt, khdng nhdm muc tieu lai nhudn, do co quan nhd nude (hogc td chuc, doanh nghiep dugc uy quyin) cd thdm quyen cdp cho td chuc, cd nhdn dudi hinh
hda manh me cac boat ddng bd trg tu phap; ket hgp quan ly nhd nude vdi ty qudn cua cac td chirc xa hdi nghe nghiep.
2. Thuc tien thuc hien xa hoi hoa nhiem vu, dich vui hanh chmh cong trong nganh tir phap
Thyc hien djnh hudng chien luge cai each thicc cdc logi gidy td cd gid trj phdp ly trong cdc phdp luat, cdi each hanh chinh, cdi each tu phap, ITnh vuc md co quan nhd nuac do qudn ly. Khai Bg vd nganh Tu phdp da chii ddng tiiam muu, niem nay tilp tuc dugc phdt trien va ghi nhan xdy dung cac dy mi, dy thdo van ban quy pham tai' khoan 3 Dilu 3 Nghi dinh sd 43/2011/ND- phdp luat trinh Qudc hgi, UBTVQH, Chinh phii, CP ngay 13/06/2011 cua Chinh phii quy dinh v l Tbii tudng Chinh phii ban hanh theo dinh hudng viec cung cdp thdng tin va dich vu cdng tryc xa hgi hda - huy ddng su thamgia cua cac td tuyin tren trang thdng tin dien tir hoac cdng chiic, cd nhdn vao viec cung cdp cdc djch vu thdng tin dien tii ciia co quan nha nude nhu sau: thugc ITnh vyc quan ly cua Bg. Cd the ke din cdc
"Dich vu hdnh chinh cdng Id nhiing dich vu lien ludt nhu: Ludt Ludt su, Ludt Cdng chiing, Ludt quan din hogt ddng thuc thi phdp lugt, khdng Tbi hanh dn ddn sy, Ludt Giam djnh tu phap,
' PGS.TS Nguyin Dang Thanh (chii bien) "Do lucmg vd ddnh gid hieu qua quan ly hdnh chinh nhd nuac, nhiing thanh lyu tren thi gi6i vd irng dpng a Viet Nam", NXB Lao Dpng, 2012, Tr.l4
' Xem Thong tin chuyen dg - Vdn ph6ng Ban chdp hdnh trun^ uong Dang Cong sdn Vi?l Nam "Phdt trien dich vy cong trong b6i cdnh cdch mgng cong nghiep lin thii tu tren ihi giai va thyc tiln o Viet Nam". S6 40-TTCD/VPTW ngay 28/4/2019.
'Ndd
Ludt Trg giiip phap ly, Ludt Phd bien giao due phdp lult, Luat Ddu gia tdi san^.. Trong cdc van ban ndy thi hien cdc van de ca bdn sau:
(1) Khdng dinh xd hdi hda dich vu cdng tiong linh vyc tu phap nhu mdt nghe, hoat ddng chuyen nghiep. Qua do, tao lap co che cho cdc td chiic xa hdi binh thdnh va tham gia vao hoat ddng qudn ly nhd nude, nhu: Lien dodn ludt su Viet Nam, Hiep hdi cdng chiing vien Viet Nam va cac td chiic thanh vien d cdc tiiih, thdnh phd tryc thugc trung uong (xa hdi hda)'. Cdc td chirc ndy da dugc tiao quyen lam ddu mdi thdng nhat dai dien, bdo ve quyen va Igi ich hgp phdp ciia cdc thanh vien; tang cudng trao ddi nghiep vu chuyen mdn vdi cdc td chiic nghd nghiep d cdc nude trong khu vyc vd tren the gidi.
(2) Tao CO sd phdp ly cho viec xa hgi hda djch vu cdng trong lihh vyc tu phdp, gdp phan vdo viec nang cao chdt lugng, hieu qua boat ddng tu phap, xdy dyng Nha nude phdp quyen XHCN
\^et Nam cung nhu bao dam va phuc vu tdt hon nhu cdu cua ngudi ddn, doanh nghiep. Nhu he thdng Van phdng cdng chiing dugc thanh lap ben canh phdng cdng chimg cua Nha nude; sy tham gia vdo boat ddng trg giup phdp ly cua cdc td chiic ludt su, tu vdn phdp ludt; cdc td chirc gidm djnh tu phdp ngoai cdng lap ddi vdi cdc linh vyc ve tai chinh, xay dyng, di vat, cd vdt; td chiic thira phat lai...
Den nay, ve co ban cac boat ddng cung cdp dich vu cdng trong nganh Tu phap da dugc chuyen giao cho ca nhan, doanh nghiep, cac td chiic xa hgi hodc cd nhdn thyc hien. Cac dich vu cdng cdn lai Id dich vu hanh chinh cdng - thugc ve boat ddng qudn ly nhd nude hodc chi mang
tinh dinh hudng, dieu tiet vd hd tig pbat tiiln cua Nha nude ddi vdi cdc cd nhdn, to chiic hanh nghi hoac dam bdo cbo cac boat dgng hanh nghe trong ITnh vyc tu phap dugc phdt triln dn dinh, bin vitiig, gdp phdn dam bao tinh an toan phap ly ddi vdi cdc hoat ddng kinh te - xa hgi ciia ngudi ddn va doanh nghiep. Rieng tiong ITnh vuc qudn ly cdc boat dgng thugc liiih vyc bd trg tu phap dl tiep tuc cdi each thu tuc hdnh chinh, thyc hien chu truong ra soat, cdt gidm cac dilu kien kinh doanh, ngay 8/6/2018 Bd trudng da ky Quylt djnh sd 1319/QD~BTP phe duyet phuang dn cat giam, don gian hda cac dieu kien kinh doanh trong cac ITnh vyc thugc pham vi qudn ly nhd nude cua Bd Tu phdp, theo dd da de xudt dan gidn, cat gidm 49/94 dieu kien kinh doanh thugc 07 lihh vyc, dat tyle 52%.
Cd the Iiet ke mdt sd ket qud cu the da dat dugc nhu sau^:
Trong ITnh vuc bd tro tuphdp: \^ec phdt trien cdc nghe tu phap nhu luat su, cdng chimg, ddu gid tdi sdn, gidm djnh tu phdp... tiep tuc dugc tang cudng theo dinh hudng phat dien sd lugng, di ddi vdi tdng cudng chdt lugng. Tinh den bet nam 2018, cd nude bien cd 12.569 ludt su; gdn 5.000 ngudi tap sy boat ddng trong hon 3.700 td chiic hanh nghe ludt su; cd 1.003 td chiic hanh nghe cdng chiing, bao gdm 128 Phdng cdng chiing va 875 Van phdng cdng chiing. Tdng sd cdng chiing vien la 2.420, trong do 462 cdng chiing vien hdnh nghe tai Phdng cdng chung va 1.958 cdng chiing vien hanh nghe tai Vdn phdng cdng chimg; cd 680 td chiic ban ddu gia chuyen nghiep vdi bon 1.200 ddu gid vien; tdng sd giam djnh vien tu phdp d cdc ITnh vuc la 5.580 ngudi;
* Ludt ludt su ndm 2006, Luat ludt su sua dfii, b6 sung ndm 2012; Ludt cong chiing ndm 2014 (thay th6 Ludt cong chimg ndm 2006); Luat gidm djnh tuphdp ndm 2012; Ludt ddu giatdi sdn ndm 2016; Ludt trpng tdi thucmg mai ndm 2010; Luat Trpgiup phaply ndm 2017; LuatNuoi con nuoi ndm 2010; Ludt ddu gia tai san ndm 2016; LuatLy jich tuphdp ndm 2009; Ludt Gidm dinh Tu phdp ndm 2012; Nghi dinh s6 22/2017/ND-CP vl hoa gidi thuong m?i; Nghi dinh s6 22/2015/ND-CP quy dinh chi ti6t thi hanh mpt so dilu cua Luat pha sdn ve qudn tdi vien va hanh nghe qudn ly, thanh ly- tai san, Nghj dinh so 102/2017/ND-CP ngdy 01 thdng 9 ndm 2017 cua Chinh phii viddngky bienphdp bao dam.,,
' Hi§n nay. trong cd nuoc da thdnh lap 63 Doan luat su t^i 63 tinh, thanh pho tryc thupc Trung uong, Lien doan ludt su dd boat dpng 6n djnh, phat huy dupe vai tr6 cua tS chiic xd hpi - nghi nghiep toan quoc ciia luat su {chuyen giao mpt so nhi^m vu qudn ly qudn ly ludt suvd hdnh nghe ludt su); tinh din hit thdng 7/2018 trong cd nuoc dd co 50 Hpi cong chimg vien dupe thanh Idp, di vdo hoat dpng. Hi^p h^i cong chimg vien Viet Nam dd t6 chiic Dgi hpi. bdu chii tich va Ban chdp hdnh Hiep hpi.
' Xem them Bao cdoTSngket cong tdc tuphdp ndm 2018 va phuang hucmg, nhiem vy, gidi phap cong tac ndm 2019
Wtmmmm
sd ngudi gidm djnh tu phap theo vu viec dugc lya chgn, cdng bd la 1.424 ngudi trong cdc ITnh vuc xdy dung, tai chinh, ngdn hdng, tdi nguyen mdi trudng, gtao thdng van tai... va 01 Van phdng gidm dinh tu phap; cd nude cd 485 trgng tdi thuang mai hanh nghi tai 22 trung tdm trgng tai thuong mai;
Trong ITnh vuc tro giiip phdp ly: Tinh din thdng 6/2018, ti^n cd nude cd 4.028 td chiic hdnh nghe luat su (tiong dd cd 2.367 van phdng luat su, 1.661 cdng ty ludt), 12.569 ludt su, khodng 200 td chiic tu vdn phdp ludt va ddng ddo ludt gia cd kinh nghiem da ve buu dang ky tham gia boat ddng trg giiip phap ly cho cdc ddi tugng;
Trong ITnh vuc ddng ky giao dich bdo ddm:
Ngudi dan, doanh nghiep giri don yeu cdu dang ky vd cung cap thdng tin cd the dugc thyc hien thdng qua 04 phuong thiic: ndp tryc tiep tai co quan dang ky, giri don qua dudng buu dien, qua thu dien tir va dang ky true tuyen. Theo quy dinh, thdi gian xu ly don, loai gidy td phdi nop va quy trinh giai quyet don ddng ky ludn dugc nghien cuu nit ngan, don gidn hda tdi da. Theo quy dinh cua phdp luat bien hdnh, don yeu cdu ddng ky dugc xur ly ngay trong ngay; don yeu cdu ddng ky nhdn sau 15b cua ngay bdm trudc dugc xii ly trong ngdy bdm sau. Tuy nhien, tren thyc te, hien nay cdc Trung tdm Dang ky thyc bien xir ly don da ddm bdo gidi quyet het dan nhdn den 17b trong ngay, khdng de dan tdn dgng sang ngdy bdm sau.
Trong ITnh vuc chimg thuc: Thyc hien chu truong cai cdch thu tuc hanh chinh, dan gian boa gidy td, tbii tuc, gidm bdt tbdi gian thyc bien, tianh phien bd cbo ngudi ddn, viec dan gidn hda thii tuc hanh chinh trong ITnh vuc chiing thuc da dugc chii trgng, dac biet la viec don gian hda cac giay td phai xudt trinh hoac nop khi yeu cdu chiing thyc; thdi han gidi quyet cac viec chiing thyc ciing dugc nit ngan. Nghi dinh sd 23/2015/ND-CP ciing quy djnh rd nguyen tac viec chiing thyc ban sao, chii ky khdng phy thugc vdo nai cu trii ciia ngudi cd yeu cau chimg thyc;
CO quan thyc hien chiing tiiyc khdng dugc yeu cdu xudt tiinh, ciing khdng dugc tii' chdi chimg
thuc vdi ly do cdng dan khdng cd bd khdu, khdng thugc dia ban xa/phudng qudn ly;
Trong ITnh vuc ly lich tu phdp: Hien nay, ITnh vyc ly lich tu phap dang dp dung thi diem cdp Philu Ly lich Tu phap qua dich vu buu chinh, dang ky cdp Philu Ly lich Tu phdp tryc tuyln. Theo dd, ben canh phuang thirc tryc tiep nop hd so yeu cdu vd nhan Phieu Ly lich Tu phap tai tru sd ca quan cdp Phieu, ca nhan, ca quan, td chiic cd yeu cdu cdp Phieu cd the lya chgn phuong thiic cdp Phieu Ly Ijcb Tu phap qua dich vu buu chinh, dang ky cap Phieu Ly Ijch Tu phap tryc tuyen.
Trong ITnh vuc thi hdnh dn ddn su: Thyc hien cbii truong xa hdi hda, hien nude ta da cd 32 dja phuang da dugc phe duyet de dn thyc bien che djnh thira phat lai vdi tdng sd van phdng thira phat lai la 67 va cd 251 thira pbat lai dang hdnh nghe.
Nhu tien da neu, loi ich ciia viec xd hdi hda mdt sd nhiem vu vd dich vu hanh chinh cdng nham giam ganh nang cbo nha nude, giiip nhd nude cd the tap trung ban vao cdng tac quan ly vT md; tao dieu kien de khu vyc tu cd ca hgi ddu tu vd canh tranh phdt trien. Cdc ylu td canh tianh trong cung cdp dich vu cdng khiln cho djch vu dugc cung cap re ban, tdt hon; mat khac, bd mdy nhd nude ciing trd nen ggn nhe va tilt kiem ban.
Nha nude cd trach nhiem diing ra dilu tilt ddm bdo sy cd mat ciia cdc dich vu cdng dd, viec cung ling djch vu dugc giao cho cac td chirc xa hdi nghi nghiep, doanh nghiep vd cd nhan thyc bien.
Cy tbi:
- Nhieu thu tuc hanh chinh trudc ddy chi cd CO quan nha nude thuc hien, viec chuyin giao mgt sd khau trong giai quyet thu tuc hanh chinh cho cac doanh nghiep, td chirc xa hdi thuc hien trong thdi gian qua da tao ra md hinh Nha nude va doanh nghiep cimg thuc hien thii tuc hanh chinh tao thuan tien ciing nhu tang tiiem su lua chgn cho ngudi ddn, doanh nghiep (ITnh' vuc cdng chiing, Thira phdt lai).
- Gidm bdt ganh nang cho c a e c a quan qudn ly nha nude trong viec giai quylt cdc thii tuc hanh chinh, bd may nha nude dugc tinh gon han
0
giam chi ngdn sach. Ddy ciing la giai phap quan tigng de thuc hien chinh sdch cdng bang xd hgi tiong chien luge phdt trien kinh te, xa hgi ciia Dang vd Nhd nude, Nha nude cd the diing ngudn ngdn sdch han hep de ddu tu cbo cdc vimg khd khan, cac ddi tugng chinh sdch.
- Xa hdi hda djch vy hanh chinh cdng 1dm ndng cao chdt lugng dich vy; tang tinh cdng khai, minh bach; thdi gian giai quyet tbii tuc hanh chinh nhanh chdng, tiiudn tien tao tiiuan Igi hon cho ngudi ddn, doanh nghiep trong viec thyc Men gidi quyet thu tyc hanh chiph.
Ben canh nhung ket qua dat dugc, cdng tdc xa bdi hda mdt sd boat dgng, dich vu hanh chinh cdng phat sinh cac van de cdn gidi quylt nhu:
- Da sd cdc doanh nghiep, td chiic tham gia boat ddng vi muc tieu Igi nhudn vi vay qud tiinh boat ddng tiem dn nguy co chay theo Igi nhudn ddn den vi pham mdt sd quy dinh cua phap luat tiong gidi quyet thii tyc hanh chinh;
- Cdng tdc thanh tra, kiem tra, xir ly vi pham cua Nha nude ddi vdi boat ddng cua cac doanh nghiep, td chirc cung iing djch vu hdnh chinh cdng hieu qua chua cao;
- Mdt trong nhirng dieu kien quan trgng de tridn khai viec xa bdi hda dich vu hanh chinh cdng la cd doanh nghiep, td chiic xa hdi dap iing dieu kien ve co sd vat chat, chdt lugng ngudn nhdn luc, dac biet ngdnh Tu phap cd nhieu ITnh vyc mang tinh ddc thu, chuyen ngdnh phiic tap anh hudng Idn den van de an ninh, an todn xa hdi nen ddi hdi cdc doanh nghiep, td chiic xa bdi phai ddp ung cdc tieu chi khdt khe ban. Tuy nhien, tren thyc te sd lugng doanh nghiep ddp iing dugc cdc tieu chi tien cdn ban che, ddc biet la dieu kidn ve ngudn nhdn lyc (trinh do nhdn vien cua mdt sd doanh nghiep dugc chuyin giao thuc hien tbu tuc hanh chinh hay mdt sd nhiem vu trong quy trinh gidi quyet tbii tuc hanh chinh
chua dap ung dugc yeu cdu cua vide gidi quylt thu tuc hdnh chinh) gay khd khdn cbo viec triln khai tien thuc te.
- Chua xdy dyng dugc tieu chi cu thi ddi vdi cdc don vi cung cdp dich vu hdnh chinh cdng trong timg ITnh vyc. Ngodi ra, viec xac djnh dilu kien ciing dan din yeu cdu phdi thay ddi cdc quy djnh cua phap luat ve dieu kien kinh doanh ddi vdi doanh nghiep, tbudc pham vi dilu chinh cua Luat Ddu tu. Do dd, can nhieu thdi gian dl chinh sira van bdn quy pham phdp luat, lam chdm qua trinh trien khai tren thyc te.
- Kinh phi tbu dugc tir viec cung cap djch vu hdnh chinh cdng chii yeu la phi, le phi. Nhimg khoan thu ndy khdng cao, tbu khdng du chi nen chua thu btit dugc cdc doanh nghiep tham gia cung ling djch vy hanh chinh cdng.
Thdi gian qua, mdt sd Bd, ngdnh da va dang tiep tuc tiiyc bien xa hdi hda manh me nhiing lihh vyc do Bd, ngdnh do quan ly nhu:
Bd Tu phdp: LTnh vyc bd trg tu phdp (cac td chiic xd hdi nghe nghiep trong ITnh vyc bd tig tu phap dugc thdnh lap: 63 Doan ludt su tai 63 tmh, thdnh phd tryc thugc Trung uong, Lien doan ludt su da boat ddng dn dinh, phat buy dugc vai trd ciia td chiic xa bdi - nghe nghiep toan qudc cua ludt su^; tinh den bet thdng 7/2018 trong cd nude da cd 50 Hdi cdng chiing vien dugc thdnh lap, di vdo boat ddng; Hiep hdi cdng chirng vien Viet Nam dugc thdnh lap vdo cudi nam 2018. Vl boat ddng ddu gid tdi sdn: sau hon 1 nam trien khai thuc hien Luat ddu gid tdi sdn nam 2016 thi Hdi Ddu gid vien Thanh phd Hd Ndi, dugc thanh lap, ddnh ddu budc trudng thdnh ciia boat dgng ddu gid tdi sdn; cdc doanh nghiep ddu gia tai san cung phat trien manh me kbap ca nude vdi 680 td chiic ban dau gia chuyen nghiep va ban 1.200 dau gid vien; Thanh lap 01 Van phdng gidm djnh tu phdp, tdng sd giam dinh vien tu phdp d cdc ITnh
' Theo quy dinh t^ii khodn 2 Dieu 6 Lugt Ludt su ndm 2006, siia d6i, b6 sung ndm 2012 thi "T5 chirc xd h^i - nghi nghiep ciia ludt su, tfl chtirc hdnh nghe luat su thyc hien quan ly ludt su vd hdnh ngh6 ludt su ciia to chiic minh theo quy dinh cua Ludt nay, Dilu le ciia Lien doan luat su Viet Nam vd Quy tdc dao diic va iing xu nghi nghiep ludt su Viet Nam, Dilu 7 quy dinh: "To chirc xd hpi - nghe nghi?p ciia ludt su dugc thdnh Idp de dgi dipn, bao v^ quyin, Ipi ich hpp phdp cua ludt su, boi du&ng chuyen mon, nghiep vy luat su, gidm sdt viec ttidn theo phdp lugt, quy tdc dao diic vd iing xii nghi nghipp luat su. thyc hifin quan ly hanh nghi ludt su theo quy djnh cua Ludt nay".
o
Wtmmn^
vyc la 5.580 ngudi; LTnh vyc chiing thuc (vdn phdng cdng chiing cung cdp dich vu chiing thyc song song vdi viec chiing thyc do Uy ban nhdn dan cap xa, huyen thyc hien); LTnh vuc tigng tdi thuong mai: cd 485 trgng tai thuong mai hdnh nghe tEii 22 trung tdm trgng tai thuong mai; V l thiia phat lai: 32 dia phuong dd dugc phe duyet de an thyc hien che djnh thira phdt lai vdi tdng sd van phdng tiiira phat lai la 67 va cd 251 tiiira phat lai dang hanh nghl'°...
Bd Giao thdng van tdi da ban hdnh (Quyet djnh 2923/C^-BGTVT ngdy 28/12/2018 phe duyet De an "Chuyen giao cho doanh nghiep, cac td chirc xa bdi cd du nang lyc ddm nhiem mgt sd nhiem vu va dich vu hanh chinh cdng ma cdc co quan hdnh chinh nha nude khdng nhdt thiet phdi thuc hien trong ITnh vyc giao thdng van tdi"), trong dd chuyen giao mdt phdn nhdm tbii tuc hdnh chinh lien quan den cdp phep lai tdu vd chuyen giao toan bg nhdm thu tuc hanh chinh trong ITnh vyc dudng thuy ndi dja (du tbi kiem tra lay gidy chiing nhan khd nang chuyen mdn thuyen trudng hang ba, chiing chi chuyen mdn nghiep vy, an toan ca sd) va dudng bd (cap, cap ddi, cdp lai chiing chi thdm tra vien an toan giao thdng dudng bd) cbo doanh nghiep ddm nhiem.
Viec chuyen giao nay tuong ty viec Bd, ngdnh Tu phdp thyc hien vdi ddi nghe cdng chung, chiing thyc, quan ly boat ddng luat su...
3. Kien nghi xay dung tieu chi chuyen giao cbo doanh nghiep, cac to chirc xa hgi c6 du nang lire dam nhiem mot so nhif m vu va dich vu hanh chinh cdng ma cac c c quan hanh chinh nha nude thuoc Bo, nganh T u phap khdng nhat thiet phai thm: hien
Trong pham vi bai viet nay, chiing tdi khdng ban sdu v l khdi niem tieu chi. Theo nghTa chung nhdt, tieu chi dugc quan niem la ngi dung ca bdn, yiu cdu di dua vdo do phdn biet, ddnh gid su vgt, hiin tugng. Tbed do, tieu cbl bao gdm cac tieu chi thanh phdn va chi sd danh gid. Chi sd theo
nghia chung nhdt Id sd lieu the hiin su bien ddn^
ciia qud trinh hay hiin tuong ndo do. Cac chi sd danh gia la nhiing dac tinh ve djnh lugng vd djnh tinh ciia khach till dugc ddnh gia. Tieu chi cd thi tdn tai ddc lap, dan le nhung neu cdc tieu chi tdn tai phu tbudc vdo nhau d l cho ra ddi mdt ket qua thi ggi la he tieu chi.
3.1. Ca sd di xudt tieu chi lua chon chuyin giao
Nhiem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng cdn xem xet de chuyen giao cbo doanh nghiep, cac td chuc xa hgi thuc bien la cdc hoat ddng dang do cdc ca quan hanh chinh nhd nude thuc Men. Do dd, can cu vdo muc tieu, viec chuyen giao ndy nham ndng cao Meu qua quan ly nhd nude ddi vdi nhiem vu, dich vu hanh chinh cdng. CM'nh vi vay, viec chuyen giao nay phdi dua vdo co sd kinh te - cMnh t r i - x a bdi, muc tieu chung qudn ly nha nude cua Nha nude ta Men nay la ndng cao Meu qud qudn ly hanh cMnh nha nude''.
Viec lya chgn nMem vu, djch vy hanh cM'nh cdng de chuyen giao cho doanh ngMep, td chiic xa hdi thyc Men phai dam bdo cdc yeu cau mang tinh nguyen tac:
- Phil hgp vdi dudng Idi chit truong ciia Ddng, cMnh sach, phdp ludt ciia Nha nude;
- Tudn thu cac dieu udc qudc te ma Viet Nam tham gia;
- Tao thuan Igi cbo cd nhdn, td chiic trong viec thyc Men thu tuc hdnh cM'nh (khdng lam tang thdi gian, cM pM, tang ddu mdi thyc Men thii tuc hdnh cMnh...) nhung van bdo dam duoc vai trd quan ly cua Nhd nude;
- Phil hgp vdi thuc te thuc Men chuyin giao (xa hdi hda) vd cd Id hinh phu hgp.
3.2. Tiiu chi lira chon dich vu hanh chinh cong cd the chuyen giao
Vdi cac CO sd da trinh bay tren day, chiing tdi budc dau dua ra mdt sd lieu cM va cac tieu cM tiianh phdn de danh gia, xem xet viec chuyin giao nhu sau:
"'Baocdocongtdctuphdpndm2018vd phuong huong, nhiem vy gidi phap ndm 2019
" Xem them: PGS.TS Nguyin Ddng Thanh (chu bien) "Do lucmg vd ddnh gid hieu qua quan ly hanh chinh nhd nuoc, nhirng thdnh tyu tren thi gi6i va img dyng a Vigt Nam", NXB Lao Dong, 2012,
Tieu chi T. Dich vu hdnh chinh cdng dd Id thu tiic hdnh chinh co nhu cdu cao ti^phia ngudi ddn, doanh nghiep, so luang thii tuc hdnh chinh gidi quyit trong ndm nhieu vd Nhd nude khdng nhdt thiet phdi thuc hien.
Tinh khdng nhdt tiiiet the Men d cac dau Meu CO ban sau:
Mot Id, viec chuyen giao khdng lam gidm vai tid, gidm nang luc hodc quyen ciia cbii the quyin luc dac biet d mdt qudc gia, the Men tren cdc mat: Quan tri lanh thd qudc gia (ddc lap, cbii quyen, an mnh, qudc phdng); Qudn tri ddn cu (qudn ly dugc sy bien dgng ddn cu, bao hd va bdo ve de ngudi dan, td chirc sdng trong trat tu van minh, bdo dam an toan xa hdi); Qudn tii tdi nguyen qudc gia (Nhd nude kiem sodt dugc viec khai thac, bdo tdn, phat trien cac loai tdi nguyen qudc gia vi Igi ich cua qudc gia ddn tdc khdng cM ddi vdi the he Men tai ma cdn vi Igi ich cua mudn ddi); (^udn tri tdi chinh qudc gia (Khai thac ngudn thu ngan sdch hgp ly, su dung cd Meu qua ngdn sdch nhd nude, bdo dam an toan ddi vdi su van hdnh cua nen tdi chinh qudc gia).
Hai la, nMem vu, djch vu hanh cM'nh cdng do do Nha nude hay td chiic, doanh ngMep thyc Men tM Meu qua va tac ddng ve kinh te - xa hdi deu gidng nhau.
Tieu chi 2: Cd tinh hdp ddn ddi vdi doanh nghiep, cdc td chuc xd hdi vd doanh nghiep, cdc td chicc xd hdi cd dii nang luc ddm nhiem.
Ndng lyc ddm nMem cita td chirc xa bdi, doanh ngMep the Men d cdc ddu Meu co bdn sau:
Mdt Id, td chirc - xa hdi cd ngudn nhdn luc phii hgp.
Hai Id, cd nang lyc tai chinh de ddu tu trang tMet bi lam viec, cd kha nang dap iing yeu cau thdng tin lien lac.
Ba Id, bdo ddm dugc sy thudn tien cho doanh nghiep, ngudi ddn trong giao tiep (van phdng nam d trung tdm khu vyc dan cu, thudn tien ve giao thdng)
Tiiu chi 3: Viec chuyin giao thudn tiin han cho ngucri ddn vd doanh nghiep.
Tinh thuan tien ban cho ngudi ddn, doanh ngMep the Men d cdc dau Meu co bdn sau:
Mdt Id, thudn tien tiong thdi gian giao tilp, vi du ngudi ddn, doanh ngMep cd thi d i n 1dm viec hodc nhdn ket qud nMem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng ngoai tbdi gian lam viec theo gid hanh chinh ciia Nha nude, hay lien lac bdng dien tiioai ngoai gid hdnh chinh hay khdng cdn phdi din md nhdn vien cua vdn phdng thyc Men nhiem vu, dich vu hanh chinh cdng true tilp gap ngudi ddn, doanh ngMep dd nhan hd so hay tid kit qud.
Hai la, thuan tien hon trong viec thanh todn sdn phdm dugc cung img. Ngudi ddn, doanh ngMep cd the thanh todn cM phi ddi vdi san phdm minh thy hudng nhu mgt quan be dan su thudn tien.
Tiiu chi 4: Viec chuyen giao phdi bdo ddm an ninh, an todn, hiiu qud vd trat tu xa hdi, khdng budng Idng qudn ly nhd nude khi chuyin giao cho tu nhdn thuc hiin.
Tinh bdo ddm an ninh, an toan Meu qua thi Men d cac ddu Meu co bdn sau:
Mdt Id, viec chuyen giao cbo td chiic xa hdi, doanh ngMep thyc Men nMem vu, djch vu hdnh chinh cdng phdi khdng dnh hudng xdu din yeu cdu bdo dam an ninh qudc gia nhu bi mat an ninh, qudc phdng hay cac thdng tin, dii lieu thugc danh muc bdo mat.
Hai Id, la mdt ddu MSu quan trgng ciia tieu cM nay, an toan dugc Meu la an toan ve phap ly tire la trdnh cdc riii ro phap ly cd the phdt sinh nhu td chirc, doanh ngMep dugc chuyen giao, giai the, phd sdn... ma nha nude khdng kiem sodt dugc.
Ba la, Meu qud dugc Meu gdm cdc mat:
- Hieu qud ve thcri gian: Viec chuyen giao khdng dugc lam tang cM pM thdi gian ddi vdi ngudi thu hudng ket qua cua thyc Men nMem vu, dich vu hanh chinh cdng.
- Hieu qua ve nhan luc xa hdi: xet ve vT md, viec cbi^en giao khdng lam tar^ nhan lyc lam viec.
- Hieu qud ve tdi chinh: Viec chuyen giao phai dap ling yeu cdu giam chi ngdn sdch cho boat ddng nay, ddng thdi khdng tang them cM pM tdi chinh cho ngudi dan, doanh nghiep.
- Hieu qua ve tdc ddng xa hdi: Viec chuyen giao khdng gdy bat dn tam ly xa bdi.
(Xem tiip trang 79)
So 4/2019 - Nam thtf Mifdi bfin
tao nghe ludt sau hon 22 nam xay dyng va trudng thdnh.
Ve dieu kien dam bao tM diem nhdn quan trgng nhdt la dinh hudng ve tang cudng nang lyc ddo tao cbo ngudn nhdn luc cua Hgc vien Tu phdp. Ddi vdi dao tao ky nang mem cho ddi ngii nhiing ngudi hanh nghe tham phan, kiem sat va ludt su, viec td cbiic dao tao phdi dugc thyc Men tiSn cd bai try cdt co bdn la ky nang tu duy, lam viec, tuang tdc vdi con ngudi, vdi mdi trudng lam viec chuyen ngMep vd 1^ ndng tu duy, Idm viec, tucmg tac vdi ddi tugng, mdi trudng nghe ngMep cua timg chiic danh tu phdp tuong iing.
Tiic la, phdi cd cMen luge xay dyng ddi ngii
chuyen gia dao tao ve ky ndng mem tir nhung nhdn lyc cd kien tbiic, ky nang va kinh ngMem nghe ngMep (hoac kinh nghiem dao tao nghe ngWep) thdm phdn, kiem sdt vd ludt su. Ddy Id tu duy mang tinh "budc ngogt" trong xdy dyng ngudn nhdn lyc ve dao tao ky nang mem thugc cdc chuang tiinh dao tao chiic danh tu phap tai Hgc vien trong thdi gian tdi. Dd ciing Id mdt tiong sd giai phdp can ca, Meu qua va ben viing de phdt trien Men dai chuong trinh dao tao nghd ngMep chiic danh tu phdp (bao gdm ca chuang trinh dao tao chung ngudn tiidm phdn, kiem sdt vien, ludt su) tai Hgc vien Tu phdp, tdm nhin den ndm 2030./.
TIEU CHI XAC DjNH MOT SO NHIEM VU, DjCH VU
HANH CHINH CONG MA N G X N H JU PHAP DANG THUC HIENCO THE CHUYEN GIAO
(liip theo trang 75)Tdm lai, chuyen giao cho doanh ngMep, cdc td chiic xa bdi thuc Men mgt sd nMem vu, dich vy hdnh cMnb cdng ma i^anh Tu phap dang thyc Men Id mdt chu truong Idn cua Chinh phu, cua Bg Tu phdp. Can cii thyc tiln thuc Men nMem vu, dich vu hdnh chinh cdng cua nganh Tu phdp, viec tiep tuc chuyen giao nay phdi dya tren cdc tieu chi cu the. Do do, viec ngMen ciru de xac djnh cdc tieu cM phuc vy viec chuyen giao cd y ngMa thuc tiln rdt Idn, theo diing phuong chdm:
chuyen giao cho doanh ngMep, cdc td chiic xa hgi cd dil ndng luc dam nMem mgt sd nMem vu md cdc ca quan thugc Bg, nganh Tu phdp khdng nhdt tiiilt phdi tiiyc Men tien ca sd bao dam an mnh, an toan, Meu qud, thuan tien phyc vu theo nhu cau ciia ngucd dan vd doanh ngMep.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1.Quylt dEnh2923/(^BGTVTngay 8/12/2018 phe duyet D I dn "Chuyen giao cbo doanh
ngMep, cdc td chirc xa bdi cd du nang lyc ddm nhiem mdt sd nMem vy vd dich vu hanh cMnh cdng ma cdc co quan hanh chinh nhd nude khdng nhdt thilt phdi thyc hien trong ITnh vuc giao thdng van tai
2. PGS.TS. Nguyin Dang Thanh (cbii bien)
"Do ludng vd ddnh gid Meu qua qudn ly hdnh chinh nhd nude, nhirng thanh tyu tren the gidi vd ung dung d ^^et Nam", NXB Lao Ddng, 2012, Tri4. *
3. Thdng tin chuyen de - Van phdng Ban chdp hanh trung uong Dang Cdng sdn Viet Nam
"Phdt triln djch vu cdng trong bdi cdnh cdch mang cdng ngMep idn tbii tu Uen the gidi va thyc tien d Viet Nam". Sd 40-TTCD/VPTW ngay 28/4/2019.
4. Bdo cdo Tdng kit cdng tdc tu phdp nam 2018 vd phucmg budng, nMem vu, gidi phdp cdng tdc ndm 2019.
