THVC TR4NG MOI TRU-ONG, CONG TAC QUAN LY HO CHAN NUOI GIA CAM VA HEN THirC, THITC H A N H CUA NGU-ffI DAN VE PHONG BENH LAY TRUYENG TIT GIA CAM SANG NGU-ffI
TAI MOT XA TlNH HA NAM
Lai Tien Thinli*
cao hp Chan nuoi. Nguiri chan nuoi thiiu kiln thirc vc benh tjt cua gia c^n, co thi ISy sang ngiroi, y thiic phong djch benh kem.
^ Ttr khoi: Phong benh lay tniyJn qua gia cam, quan ly moi tnrcmg chan nuoi gia elm vi smh moi tnrcmg chin nuoi gia cim.
Si
Si
JjTdMTAT
S " ^ "'"•• (') Mo ta diiu kien v? sinh moi tnrtag cong tac ,u4n ly chiin nu8i gia cim tai xl S, Ll«m Tue huyen Thanh Liem tinh Ha Nam nam tj 2016. (2) Dinh gia kiin thirc va thirc hanh cua
nguiri Chan^nu6i ve phong chdng benh lay tnryjn J qua gia cam. Bil luorng vi phuang phdp:
J, Nghien cuu mo ta cit ngang; D6i t u ^ g nghien ciruli oic h , ChSn nuoi gia cam va toin bp than
• P ] t 9 i xa Liem Tuc huy^n Thanh Liem tinh
; ^ a Nam. Kel qui vi bin lufn: Co 46.6% s6 hp ohin nuoi theo phuang thU-c nhot chu-ng, tj le _^ oic hp nuoi thi li 53,4%; chi o6 30% s6 hp gia
^ dlnh o6 h6 u chia nu6c thai gia cim hpp vj sinh c6n l«i 70% so hp gia oho chiy thing ra ao h i '
^ c«ng rinh trong thon; khi phong vin siu cic cin' bj Thdn truong deu khSng c6 ki hoach rieng di glim sit dinh gia hoat dpng chin nuoi gia cim tai CO so, chu yeu M giim sit dinh gii thong qua _ thirc hien^ke hojoh vl tilm phdng oho din gia
• sue gia cam ota UBND xa; co 62,2% so doi
• tirpng hieu biit dupc vijc chin nuoi gia cim s5 c6 nguy oo bj liy benh tir gia cim sang nguiri 21,0/. s6 dpi tupng biit dupe cum gia cim (HjNi) lay sang nguiri. Kit lufn: Phirong thirc ChSn nuoi da dsng nhung moi truemg chuSng. t^ii nuoi gia cam khong dam bio. Con thiiu cin bp ciuyen trioh, cac oin b« kiem nhijm eta han Che vi ohuyen mon ciing nhir cong tic quan ly
. Y"°cvieTMAMT<P4«-THAHm;.s6tHcBieT.;ini.
' Truing CD ni Ha Nam Chju trich nhijm chinh: Lai Tiin Thinh Email: [email protected] Ngiy nhin bii: S.9.2016 Ngiy phan bien khoa hpc: 15.11.2016 Ngiy duyet bii: 2.12.2016
SUMMARY
THE REAL SITUATION OF EIWIRONMENT CONDITION,
MANAGEMENT EV RAISING' POULTRY AND KNOWLEDGE PRACTICES OF FARMERS WHO RAISE POULTRY ON PREVENTION
INFECTIOUS DISEASES FROM POULTRY TO HUMAN AT A COMMUNE IN HA NAM PROVINCE
Objective: (I) a description of environmental sanitation, management of poultry in Liem Tic Thanh Liem district. Ha Nam province in 2OI5' (2) To assess the knowledge and practice of henlers on prevention of avian transmitted diseases. Subjects and Melliods: cross-sectional desenptive study; Study subjects are poultry fanners and the entire village head Liem Tuc Thanh Liem district. Ha Nam province. Resulls and discussion: There are 46.6% of households in the fonn captive breeding stables, the proportion of households is 53.4% drop; only 30% of households with sewage digester containing hygienic poultry, the remaining 70%
of households to flow through ponds, lakes drams in the village; depth interview Village officials are not planning to head separately to monitor and evaluate activities in poultry
HNtm Y D U y C - KY NIEM 50 NAM N G A Y T R U Y £ N T H O N G TRtf^NG CAO D A N G Y T H A I NGUYfiN <1966^0161 %
production base, mainly through monitoring and evaluating the implementation of plans for the vaccination of cattle CPC's poultry; 62.2% ofthe subjects have learned to understand the poultry will be at risk of the disease from poultry to humans, 21.0% of respondents know of avian influenza (H5N1) infect humans. Conclusion:
The method of animal husbandry, but environmental diversity bam, poultry is not guaranteed. Lack specialized staff, part-time workers widi limited expertise as well as the management of farms. Fanners lack knowledge of poultry disease can infect humans, poor awareness of disease prevention.
Kefwords: Department of Poultry transmitted diseases, environmental management poultry, sanitation poultry.
I. DjBkT VAN D^
Cd nucfc CO khodng 8,5 tridu hp chdn nuoi gia cdm quy mo gia dinh. Qua trinh hinh thdnh vd phdt triSn ngh6 chdn nuoi gia cam da vd dang tdc dong khong t6t den moi tnrfmg s6ng ciing nhu dnh hirong dfin sue khoe cua con ngu6i[I]. Cdc tinh n5ng thon, sdn xudt n6ng nghi?p Id chii y6u: trdng trpt luon gdn voi chdn nuoi do vay da so cdc gia dinh it nhdt deu c6 mpt trong cdc c6ng trinh v? sinh (chuong trai, nha tiSu, h6 tilu, giSng nudc, be nu6€)[2]. Khi dilu ki?n v$ sinh moi tnr&ng khong khi khu dan cir khong dam bdo, nguy ca mdc b ^ vk h6 hap va cdc tdc dpng khde den siic khoe cdng nhieu. Tuy nhiSn, v i ^ qudn ly vd xii ly chat thdi chdn nu6i l^i chua dupc quan tdm dting miie. Hi?n mdi chi co khodng 70% hg chdn nuoi co chuong trai, trong do khoang 10% chuong tr^ chdn nuoi hgrp v? sinh. Ben eanh do, bp mdy to chiic qudn ly Nhd nuoc vk m6i mrdng trong ITnh vuc chdn nu6i con thilu va sy phdn c6ng, phdn cap trdch nhi?ra chua r6 rdng, thieu hpp 1^, thieu s6 lupng va h ^ ehe
ve ndng lyre. Hd Nam cung id tinh ma xt^
hinh chdn nuoi gia cdm hp gia dinh chilol chu yeu vd hdng ndm t?i tinh van c6n xdy n cdc vu dich bSnh gia c ^ .
Viec nghi6n ciiu ve thuc trang v§ sinh moi truong, quan 1;^ chan nuoi, kien thiic vf thuc hdnh chan nuoi an todn va phong cdc benh lay truyin tu gia cdm sang ngu6i Id c^
thilt, vi vdy chiing t6i tiln hdnh dl tai vdl m\ic tieu:
1. Mo td dieu kien v$ sinh mdi trudng cdng tdc qudn ly chdn nudi gia cdm tgi xa Liim Tiic huyin Thanh Liim tinh Hd Nam ndm 2015.
2. Ddnh gid kiin thuc vd th\rc hdnh ek ngudi chdn nudi vi phong chdng binh Idy truyin gua gia cdm.
II. DOl TUpNG VA PHI/ONG PHAP N G K I I N COV 1. D^i tiTQiig nghien cihi
- Hp gia dinh chdn nuoi gia cim t^i xfl Li6m Tiic huyfn Thanh Liem tinh Hd Nam.
Tgi cdc hp gia dinh dieu tra:
+ Ngudi tryc tilp chdn nuoi gia e4m.
+ Dilu ki?n mdi trudng tgi cdc chu-ng/
trgi va moi tnrdng xung quanh thu^e hO chta nudi gia cam.
- Thdn trudng ciia 11 thdn trong xS nghien ciiu.
2. Thdi gian nghien cthi
NghiSn ciiu dupc thyc hi^n tti thing 11/2015 din 5/2016.
3. Phirong phdp nghiSn ci^u 3.1. Thilt ke nghien ciiu: Dk tdi dp dvng phuong phdp nghiSn ciiu djch te hpc mfi tt vdi cuOc dilu tra cdt ngang
3.2. Cd mau
a) CS mau dilu tra quan sdt ddnh gid thvc trang v§ sinh moi trudng chdn nudi vd do cic chi so v? sinh tgi cdc ehuAng trgi theo cft mlu toi thieu cho x^t nghifm n=30.
YHOCVlfrNAHTAP4«-THAMGl;.soBAcBIET.2ini.
b) Cd mlu di Ju tra phong vin cong tac quan ly : chgn toan bo 11 thon truong ciia 11 Ihon thugc xa nghien Clhi.
c) CS miu phong vin nguori dan vk kiSn Ihuc phong Chang cao benh lay truySn qua gia cam dua vao cfing thiic sau:
P C -
P)= Z
. . "
V6i cfc du liiu tren cS mlu duoc tinh cho diiu tra la 384 duoc lam tron 14 400 ho gia dlnh.
3.3. Phuong phdp thu thap s6 lieu
; Quan sdt theo bang kiSra vS tinh tiang chuong/trji chan nuoi gia c t o tai 30 ho gia
III. Kfr QUA N S H I I N Ctru
1. BiJu kiln Chan nufii v i v | sinh chuJng/ trai gia d m . .Bing 3. J. Phuang that: nuai ^ia rj^^;^;^^^^.^^^^^^,^^^^^
dinh: DiJu tia vien quan sdt tmc tiep, ghi cdc noi dung vao bang kiim ciia timg ho.
- Do luong cdc chi s6 ve sinh khdng khi theo thudng quy ky thuat tai 30 ho gia dinh
- Phong vin nguoi chan nuoi: DiSu tra vien den cac ho gia dinh gdp ga dai tu^ng nghien ciiu va tien hanh thu thap thong tin theo bo cdu hoi duqrc chudn W sin.
- Phong vdn sdu cdc d5i tuong la th8n tmong trong xa theo bo cau hoi chudn bi sSn.
4. Phmmg phap xii i^ so U|u - Sli dung chuong trinh EPI DATA 3 1 de nhdp sa Ufu, phan ttch sa lieu du(ic tiin hanh bang chuong trinh SPSS 20.0 vcM cdc kiem dinh th8ng ke y hpc.
Khoang each tii chuong trai chan nuoi din nha a hojc nguJn nuo'c
6 - l O m
>10m
Gilng nirdc _ _ ( n = 3 0 )
56.7 10.0 33.3
105
M16) «
HNKH Y D\rgC - K t NIgM 50 NAM N G A Y TRUYfeN THdHG T R l f d ^ S CAO O A N G Y T H A I N S U Y E N (1966-2016) 1
Bdng 3.2 cho tiidy khodng cdch tii chuong nudi gia cam den nhd d chu yeu tai xd nghifin' cdu la 1- 5 m chilm 40% (12/30 ho gia dinh). Khodng cdch chudng nuoi gia cam tdi nhdd uen 10m cd 11 HQ gia finh chilm 36,7%. Khoang cdch tir chudng nudi gia cam den gieng nudc tai cdc ho gia dinh cua xa nghien ciiu chu yeu Id 1 - 5 m chiem 56,7% (17/30 hp gia dinh). Khoang each chudng nudi gia cdm tdi nguon nudc tr6n 10m cd 10 hg gia dinh chiem 33,3%.
2. Cdc chi sd ddnh gid 6 nhiSm moi tnrcmg tai dja bdn nghiSn cihi.
Bdng 3.3. Kit qud do cdc hoi khi dpc tgi chudng/trgi chdn nudi gia cdm & xd ngh^n cvru
Vikhi fa^u CO;
(ppm/m^) HzS (ppmyra^)
NH3 (ppm/m^)
Gidi han cho phep
900 5 10
Chuong nudi mot loai gia cam (n=12) X±SD
465.0 ± 92,7 0.6 ±0.2 2,0 ±0,1
Dat (%) 12/12 (100) 12/12 (100) 12/12 (100)
Chuong nuoi hon h ^ (n = 18) - ^ ± 5 0
510±
127,3 0.7 ±0.1 2.0 ±0,2
D»t (%) 18/18 (100) 18/18 (100) 18/18 (100) (Gidi hgn cho phep theo QCVN 01-79:20ll/BNNPTNT)
Kit qud bdng 3.3 cho thdy ndng dg CO2; HjS; NH3 do tgi cdc chudng trgi chdn nudi pa dim eua 30 hO gia dinh d xa nghien ciiu deu dat ti6u ehuan
3. Cong tdc quan 1;^ chdn nuoi gia cam
Hpp 3.1: Ke hogch theo ddi ddnh gid hogt dpng chdn nuoi gia cam tgi cff s&
cda cdc Thdn trudng
- Thdng tin ke hogch tiem phdng cik cdc c^p vl tiem phdng cho ddn gia sdc vd gia cam ludn dugc chung tdi tuyen truyen xudng cho bd eon trong thdn. Tuy nhi6n bd con Cling khdng m§n md vl phdn tiem phdng nen viec gidm sdt phan ndo hgn chi (trich dan ldi ciia dng Lgi Vdn X thdn trudng thdn 9).
- Ndi ehung Id hdng ndm la khdng ed, ehi vao ede thdi dilm ddu (mioa) xuan ho§e d&u (mCia) thu thi ed kl hogch cua UBND xd thi cting chi cd thdng bdo tuyen truyin vd v§n dgng bd con. Tmdc day thi tiSm phdng tuong dli diu d§n nhimg m^y ndm nay co phan mai mOt do ^ thuc ciia ngudi ddn vl v ^ ik c6ng tdc phdng ching djch b§nh Id k^m hai la ngudi ta khdng muon dung mgt sd logi (vaccin) khdng phii hgp, cdn nhilu gia dinh ngudi ta chdn nudi nhilu thi di mua thudc vl tiSm phdng theo djnh ky, chiing tdi khdng qudn ly sau vl vdn de nay (trich dan ldi eiia dng Bgch Vdn M thdn trudng
thdn 3).
%
. y"°<:VI^Ma«TAP<49-THMir.12.sgMCRlliT.M..=
L u B N D x t ' ^ ^ ' " " " • ' ' " ' " ' ' " " ' ^ ' ' ^ ^ " " ' P ' ' ™ ^ ' ^ ' ' " <«" eia sue gia cdm
sa (J5 2n d T ^ T "^:"""" ^'^ * "' * """^ ^*° •**- '* "•* -' "^ -»« "'= -
cSp Id 11.3%; cao ddng d»t h,c 14 3.2%; tilu h,c la 18.2%; khong bilt ehii la 3%
-B'>hg3.4:TvliSii,ra,,^hiiuHi,vi„e„ycallvhf„i, Biet nguy ca lay b^nh
tii gia cSm sang ngu-M C6 bilt Khong bilt Kh6ng bilt r6
Trinh a9
< THPT fn= 226^
hgc van
120 68 38
53.1 30.1 16.8
> THPT (n= 1741 74,1
17,8
Cbung (n = 400) 249
82 69
%
62.2 20,5 17.3 cnan nudi gia cam s5 cd neuv err hi iSv Ks„k .,> „• x
d« h,c vdn . THPT Id 1 2 ^ 74 ( ; r H ' " '""' """'• '""" ' ' ' * ' " ' ^* ' ^ ' * (53.1%). " • * * ' '"'= ^ ^ ^ ™ ' ' T 14 '20/226
107
HNKH Y D l j g C - KY NIEM 50 NAM NGAY TRUYDN T H O N G TRlTdlJG C A O B A N S Y T H A I N G U Y ^ {1966-2016)
30.0%
^ ^ T 5 ^ % ^
7.1%
12.9% ^ 3 B
^ ^ ^ 3 4 . 3 %
a MA chii
• Tifu h9C
DTHCS a THPT
• Trung cap.CS, DH
Biiu do 3.2: Tyle gia dinh cd gia cam bi cdm theo trinh dp hgc v^n Theo bilu dd tren ty 16 hd gja dinh c6 gia cdm bj cdm cao nhdt thuOc nhdm nhung ngitflii ed trinh do hoe van Id tieu hoc ehilm 34,3%; d nhdm doi tugng cd trinh d$ TC. CD, DH chilm ty IS 30,0%; nhdm mu cha la 7,1%; THCS va THPT lan lugrt la 12,9% va 15,7%.
Bdng 3.5: Ty le d6i turgmg cd kiin thirc xu- iy khi gia chm mdc cum, 6m
»>
Xir 1^ khi gia c^m mdc ciim
Dem bdn Bao cho thu y Cach ly nhihig con bi benh
NhiJng con chet dem chon Tieu hiiy todn ba gia cdm
Khong trd Icri
Trinh d$ hQC van
< T H P T (n=38) n 7 7 0 18 0 6
%
18,4 18,4
_
47.4 15.8
> T H P T (n=72) n 30 10 10 22 0 0
%
41,7 13,9 13,9 30,5
P
<0.05
>0.05
_
<0,05
_
Chung ( n = 110) n 37 17 10 40 0 6
%
33.6 15.4 9.1 36.4
5,5 Bdng 3.5 cho thdy trong nhiJng hO gia dinh c6 gia cam bj ciim, 6m ty 1? ngudi ddn dem bdn la 33,6% trong dd nhdm ddi tugng ed trinh dO hpc vdn >THPT Id 41,7% vd doi tugng<
THPT la 18,4% sir khde nhau ed ^ nghia thdng ke vdi p<0,05.
Ty le cdc doi tugng nhien ciiu cdch ly nhGng con bi b|nh ehi chilm 9,1%; bdo cho thiiy Id 15,4%; dem chdn nh&ng con bi chit Id 36,4% vd khdng cd ai ti6u huy todn bg ddn gia c ^
•khdng
^ l . M u c h » 2.Ti«i,h,c 3. THCS 4. TOPT 5 . T ™ , g d p
109
^^wn
HNKH Y DLTpC - KY' NI&W 50 M A M NGAY TRUYDN T H 6 N G TRUCMG CAO B A N G Y T H A I NGUYfeN (1966-2016)
L B I I U dd 3.4 cho thdy da sd cac ddi tugmg nghien ciiu khdng sii dimg phdng hg khi chdn
^ ^ 1 gia < ^ 66%; trong do ty le thap nhat !d cac ddi tugng cd trinh dO hgc vdn tilu hpc
^ O m (13,5%) vd THCS 22/141 (15,6%).
IBAN LUAN
LiSn quan tdi phucmg thiic nudi gia cam I cdc hd gia dinh tgi xa nghidn ciiu qua
^ sdt cd 60% cac hd gja dinh nudi hdn Irdiilu logi gia cdm trong cung mdt thdi red tdi 81,8% nhdm cdc hg gia dinh nudi 1 logi gia cam la nhdt tgi chudng/trai cd sir khde nhau ve phuong thiic nudi hon hgp ty le 27,8%. Ddy la dia phuang cd dac diem Id rupng dong chiem trung nen cd thdi quen hon vdi vi?c chdn thd ngan, vit mgt cdch tu do. v l vj tri lam ehudng/trgi thi qua kSt qua nghien ciiu tai dia phuang, chiing tdi khdo sdt thdy: cdc h§ gia dinh ehan nudi chii yeu ldm chu6ng/tr^ ngay liln kl, thgm chi khd phdn nhau ngdn cdch vdi nhd d. Khodng cdch chu ylu Id dudi 5m {chilm 40,0%).
Thdng qua kit qud phdng van sdu nhihig Thdn tnrdng ldm cdng tac quan 1^ tai co sd tgi dia phuang nghien ciiu chiing tdi nhan thay rdng tinh hinh qudn 1^ chdn nudi tgi dja phuong d$e bift la ehdn nudi gia cdm cdn nhieu khd khdn, chua cd higu qud: tgi ede thdn h^u hit Thdn tnrdng kiem nghi$m ed cdng tde thii y vd y te thdn, khdng ed cdc edn bp chuyen trdch; da phdn edc hg chdn nudi khdng dp dving ky thuat chdn nudi an todn, cdng tdc th chiic vd qudn 1;^ vd sinh mdi trudng cdn chua ddng bg, van cdn cdc vy dich Id te gdy chit gia cdm hdng logt tai dja phuong. Chua cd c ^ quy chi, bi?n phdp chi tdi dk huy dOng vd bdt bupc ngudi chdn nudi thyrc hi?n bdo v$ mdi trudng. Nhan thiic ciia
nguoi ddn ve trdch nhifm trong bdo vf mfii trudng chan nudi edn hgn che.
Nhin chung kien thiic cua nhQng ngucri chdn nudi gia cdm thudc nhdm nghi€n cihi nhgn biet dugc vl sy lay lan bfnh tii gia ciim sang ngudi la khdng cao, ty If ndy dgt 62,2%
sd edn lgi eho rdng cdc loai gia cdm khdng cd thi ho§e khdng the Idy bfnh cho con ngudi.Cd thi do phuong thiic chdn nudi gia cdm theo kieu ndng hg nhd le mang tinh \\f phat truyin thdng, do sy hilu bilt vl phuong thiie truyen bfnh tii gia cam sang ngudi con it md chi quan tam den lgi ich kinh tl nong hg gia dlnh trude mdt md khdng c ^ quan tdm din sy phdt triln bin vthig, ddm bdo vin de mdi trudng thugn Igi cho cgng ding cflng nhu siic khde cua eon ngudi. Ddy Id di^u kifn \f tudng de cho dich gia c ^ biing phit ra difn r^ng ciing nhu truyen bfnh tii gia cam sang cho con ngudi mpt cdch trdn lan khd md khing ehl.
V. KIT LUAN
* Thyc trang vf sinh chdn nudi:
- Chuong, trgi nudi gia cdm Id khdng ddm bdo: tren 40% chudng eiia HGD cd khoSng cdch tii 1 den 5m so vdi nhd d vd ngu&n nudc sinh hogt.
- Phuong thiic ehdn nudi da dgng: nhi^
logi lln Ipn nhu ngan, gd, vit; 43,4% sl W xdy dyng ehulng/trgi tgm hg ho§c chuiffi hd.
_ YHOC WET NAMT<PW.TH«NS«^s6BAcaiL^01€
- Moi tnrong tai chuSng/ ttai vd noi o bi a nhiem: ty la 46.7% s6 chudng /ttai chan nuo, gia cdm 6 tinh trang bdn; niroc thai chdy Ihdng ra ao ho chiSm 70%
• Tinh hinh qudn Ij chan nuoi gia cdm:
- C6n thiiu cdn bo chuyen ttach, cdc can bp hem nhiem con h ^ chS v6 chuyen mon ciing nhit cdng tdc quan ly; chua co ki hoach theo dBi giam sdt giiip do cdc ho chdn nuoi.
- Hiln nay cdng tdc tiem phong dich cho dan gia cdm thi6u su quan tam gidm sdt ciia chlnh quyen, ch^t Itrqmg vaccin vd thudc khdng kiem sodt dugrc; budng ldng cdng tdc
£ g ^ * * = « " Chan nudi vd ngu6n cung con
• • I chua cd chlnh sdch khuySn khich ngirdi chdn nudi chuyin ddi mo hinh tir chdn
^ nuoi nhd le sang chdn nudi t^p Chung.
_^ Cdc chi s6 danh gid d nhilm mdi trudng;
ll
• - NSng dO cdc hoi khi dpc till chudng/trai
^ ¥ cdc hp chdn nudi iha djit ti6u chuin cho , phip Iheo quy chudn Vift Nam(100% cac
• mSu deu dilt). Ndng dp COj <650 ppm/m' H2S < Ippm/m', NHj < 2.5 ppm/m'.
- Cdc chi sd do vi khi hju tili chu6ng/ttai ndl Chung cdn chua dam bdo theo quy chudn cda Vi?t Nara: chi cd 2/30(6.7%) s6 mlu do
^ il9t tiSu chuin vl dO dm; 24/30 (80%) s6 mlu
; iJo dst tieu chuin vd v$n t6c gid.
• Kiln thiJc thai dp va th(rc hanh v? sinh chdn nudi;
- Phin Idn nguiri chdn nudi thilu kiln thiic vl blnh tJt ciia gia cim cd thi lay sang ngudi, (chi cd 21,0% sd ngudi bilt ciim gia cam cd the Idy sang ngudi).
- Y thiic phdng djch benh kem: 4.2%
nguoi Chan nudi bdo dich cho can bd thii y;
2,5% can cdch ly gia cdm bi djch. 66%
khdng Sli dung phdng hp khi LD.
T A I LIEU THAM KHAO
1- Ngoc Hai (2016), "Yeu cia bao ve mdi ttirtog tiong thon hien nay".
2. Will XUSQ Hinh (2007), Anh huing ctia mil f-uang ifn sue khoi ngudi ddn Tdn Ldp Unh
3. Kevin J. Escb, Christine A. Petersen (2013) Transmission and Epidemiology of Zoonotic Protozoal Diseases of Companion Animals, Clinical Microbiology Reviews, p. 58 - 85 4. Lei Zhon el al (2009), "Risk Factors for
Human Illness with Avian Influenza A (H5N1) Virus infection in China", y ftfc, OK. 2009 June 15; 199(12).
5. Leonardo Martinez et al (2013), "Short Report: Free-Ranging Chickens in Households In a Periurban Shantytown in Pern-Attitudes and Practices 10 Years after a Community-Based Intervention Project"
Am. J. Trop. Med Hyg 89(2), pp. 229-231 7. Nguyin Khoa Ly (2008). "6 nhilm mdi
truong ttong hoat dpng chdn nuoi thu y vi giai phap khic ph(ic".
8. Steven W.Lenhart (1998). -Poullty and
^«g Production-, Enoyclopeadia of Occupational Health and Safty - 4th. Edition (1998) Published by the Intemationai Labour Office (ILO).
9. Nguyin Phuojg Thao (2015), 'Thde trang phat trien nganh chdn nudi ui Vijt Nam"
10. Trutag Dal hoe Y Hi N$i (2015), Mgl sic khoe trong y hgc du phong vd y li cong cing, Nha xuat ban Y hpc. Ha Npi.
I l l
