y KI^N ee NGH! COA CONG TY c 6 PHAN 0 TO... HNGHItMTHUGTllN l O T ! !
t KI^N Bi NGH] CCiA C 6 N G TY c 6 PHAN 0 TO X U A N KIEN VINAXUKI
v e CHfNH SACH NOI DjA H 6 A 0 TO
Biii Ngpc Huyen'
Ngay 02 thdng 01 ndm 2012 chiing tdi dd dpc vd nghien ciiu ky bdi vidt "Hodn thifn kinh td thi trudng, dinh hudng Xa hpi chu nghia" cua Thii tudng Chinh phii Nguyen Tdn Dung, ciing nhu nghien eiiu nhihig vdn ban eua Hpi nghi Ban Chip hanh Trung uong Dang vira rdi, Nghi quylt Quoc hpi ky hpp vira qua. Chiing tdi thiy chii truong, dudng Idi thi cd nhieu ddi mdi vd ndu thyc hifn tdt nhihig chii truong, dudng Idi ndy Vift Nam se vuot qua giai dogn khd khdn nay mpt each nhanh chdng vd di vao giai dogn tang trudng bdn vihig vdi vide sii dung hidu qud tai nguyen, khoa hpc cdng nghd.
Chiing tdi rdt tin tudng, song tir nidm tin dd chiing tdi van lo nggi vd didu hanh cua cac Bd, Chinh quydn cdc dia phuang vd cdc co quan Nha nude khi giiip Dang vd Nha nude diiu hanh ndn kinh td. Bdi the, ehiir^j, tdi xin cd mpt sd y kiln md nhiing y kidn nay phdn dnh tir thuc tl eua 3 ndm (nam 2009, ndm 2010 va nam 2011).
Trong 3 nam qua Nhd nude da cd nhieu van ban Lugt, vdn bdn dudi Ludt vd khuyen khich cdc thdnh phin kinh td ddu tu cdng nghf cao, san xudt nhihig sdn phdm chien lupc, sii dyng lpi thi vd lao ddng vd tdi nguydn ciia Vift Nam; hpp tac vdi cde nude vd mat Khoa hpe- cdng nghf; qudn Iy sdn xudt nhdm myc dich phdt triln bin vthig lau dai, tgo lpi thd cgnh tranh h-en thi trudng trong nude va thi gidi; gidi quydt vide lam cho ngudi lao dpng, nang ndng suat lao ddng
' Bdi Ngoc Huyen, Tong giSm d6c c6ng ty Cl phkn 6 t6 XuSn kifin VINAXUKI.
vdi tdc dO tdng trudng cao 20%/ ndm trong Hen tyc 10 ndm; dua miic npi dia hda Idn cao gdp phan gidm nhdp sidu vd gidm lam phdt.
D I thyc hifn dudng l6i chu truong chinh sdch ciia Ddng vd Nha nude, cung nhu tgo eho minh uu the cgnh tranh, edng ty Vinaxuki tir giiia ndm 2009 da dau tu cac thiet hi hien dgi nhdt, nhdn chuydn giao cdng nghf tir phia Nhdt Ban vd nhieu nude de thiet ke, chd tgo khudn miu, dap, han, son len 1 ti-ong 2 san phdm cdt Idi eua d td dd la: thdn vd xe eon vd cabin, satxi xe tdi. Chiing tdi thyc hifn dy dn ndy vdi tu duy sir dyng Khoa hpc cdng nghe ciia Viet Nam vd thd gidi, sii dyng lao ddng vd tdi nguyen thien nhidn cua Vift Nam dd chi tgo ban 500 bd khudn (md theo Bd Cdng thuang Nhgt Bdn khudn mau trong ngdnh cdng nghifp dtd Id quan trpng sd 1 bdi khdng cd nd khdng thd sdn xudt ra ede Iinh kifn d td, khdng thi phdt tridn dupe ngdnh cdng nghifp ho trp d td, du hdng ho trp Idm tir vdt lifu kim loai, chit deo, thuy tinh ... ddu phdi cd khudn mau). Cd khudn mdu mdi cd the thyc hifn dupe cac ddy chuydn ty ddng hda de ndng cao chat lupng sdn xuit.
Ddn nay, Vinaxuki dang chay thir 03 model xe chd ngudi 5 cho, 8 cho. Tic nay din hit thdng 3/2012 se hifu chinh vd ddng kidm xong, nhihig xe ndy miic ndi dia hda dgt tir 45- 50%, sd dupe bdn trdn thi trudng trong nude vdi gid bdng 55- 70% vdi xe nhdp khdu Cling loai vd cdng sudt dpng ca, ciing logi vd chat lupng. D I lam dupe nhung xe ndy chimg tdi dd t|lp trung vdo vif e Idm chii cdng nghd thidt kl, chd tgo khudn mau. Dd che tao
Sd 45(1+2/2012) QUAN Lt KINH it Q
i r o n KINH NGHlfeM THUC TifeN y KI^N D^ NGHI CCiA C O N G TY c 6 PHAN 0 Td...
khudn mau chiing tdi phdi mdi mpt dpi ngu chuydn gia Nhgt Bdn cd liic din 15 ngudi dl sang chuyin giao cdng nghf, thilt kl, diic, gia cong, phdi mua rit nhieu mdy mdc thilt bi tir cdc trung tam gia edng, cdc Id luyfn diic kim loai, thilt bj ldm khudn, cdc mdy dgp, cdc robot dd tgo ndn 6 ddy chuyin ty dpng hda. Vifc ehi tgo khudn cua chiing tdi nguyen lieu diu mua d trong nude dd Id cdc logi gang, fero crom, fero mangan, fero silicon diu mua d Thdi Nguydn, Cao Bdng, Thanh Hda, ldm khudn d§p thdn vd xe vdi miic n0i dia hda han 98%. Ngodi ra thdp de d§p than vd xe eiia cdng ty Posco Vift Nam.
Chi mpt sd it hda chit chiing tdi phdi nhgp ciia nude ngodi.
Vd din bdy gid chiing tdi cd thi khdng dinh rdng cdng vifc dd^ thdnh cdng.
Vinaxuki da bdo vf thdnh cdng 2 dl tdi elp Nhd nude vl "Ldm chii cdng nghi thiet ki, ehi tgo khudn mdu xe con vd cabin, sat xi xe tdi", vd nhiing man xe npi dia hda dd chgy thu, hifu chinh.
Chiing tdi eiing khdng dinh rdng ngudi Vift Nam ed thd chd tao d td, khdng chi ndi dia hda 45- 50% ma ed thd npi dia hda 90- 95%. 6 to dimg eho ngudi Vift Nam vdi gid hpp Iy vd phii hpp vdi eon ngudi, dudng sd Vift Nam.
Bdng cdng nghf ty dOng trong thilt kl, chl^ tgo khudn miu Vift Nam cd thi tgo ra nhidu model xe khdng chi hpp vdi ngudi Vift Nam md cdn hpp vdi ngudi nude ngodi dl cd the xudt khdu.
Ddn day, tdi ciing xin dupe mgnh dgn phdt bieu rdng: Chiln lupc vd tam nhin trong edng nghifp d td eua Chinh phii Id diing, nhung sdch lupc thi hanh chiln lupc ndy chua phil hpp. Bdi ngudi Vift Nam ehung ta chua Idm chu cdng nghe'ehd tao md phy thupc qud Idn vao cdc lien doanh, trong Iiic cdc lien doanh ndy vi lpi nhu^n, hrong m^t boi canh thi trudng d td Vift Nam qud nhd bd thi duong nhidn hp ehi di sdu vdo vifc Idp rap.
vdi miic npi dja hda khdng qud 6% trir mpt vdi edng ty cho m^t vdi model vdi miic npi dia hda 20- 25% nhu xe Toyota Irmova. Cdng nghifp d td Id mpt nin edng nghifp phiic tap, nd ddi hdi thdi gian khdng dudi 20 ndm mdi cd thi ndm vthig cdng nghf vd quan trpng nhat Id cd thuang hifu vd thj trudng. Cong nghf Id phiic tgp nhu v^y, thj trudng Id kh6 khdn, thuang hifu phdi xay dyng tir so 0 Idn, song cdc doanh nghifp Nhd nude ed co phin 20% trong cdc lidn doanh ho$c cdc doaiih nghifp Nhd nude dupe Nhd nude uu dSi trong 10 ndm diu tir 1995- 2005. Su dyng eic uu ddi ndy nhung khdng chii trpng npi dia hda, chi chii trpng bdn hdng. Qua day, ta c6 the thiy chinh sdch thue ehua hpp ly:
* Thul tieu thy ddc bift trong giai doan 10 ndm dau dupe uu ddi bdng 0, nhung khdng neu ra didu kifn phdi npi dia hda 40%
thi mdi dupe hudng im ddi (cd nghia ring khdng Idm md van dupe hudng)
* Thue GTGT giai doan 10 ndm diu ciing chi ed 5%, nhu the phy timg d td nh|q) khiu dupe tru ddi thue thip.
* Thue Nhdp khau d td dupe tinh cao de ho trp cdc lidn doanh chi Idp rdp md khong npi dia hda.
* Thud thu nhgp doanh nghifp d giai dogn 10 ndm diu cimg dupe uu dai cyc ky ma chua cin npi dja hda.
* v l cdc chinh sdch uu ddi khde:
- Dit dai cihig dupe uu ddi bdng vifc miin trir tiln thul va tidn thue mpt s6 ndm mi khdng kem dieu kifn n^i dja hda.
- Cdc mdy mdc thilt bj, nguyen vat lifu nhdp vdo d<t xdy dyng nhd may Idp rdp 6 td cimg dupe uu dai.
Tdm Igi vifc uu ddi khdng mang Igi hifu qud cho nen kinh te Viet Nam, thgm ehi cdn tdng vifc nhdp sieu, tdng vifc sir dyng cic phuang tif n d td xa hoa, Idng phi {a ddy Vi^t Nam nin hgc tgp cdch sii d\ing d td cd dgng Cff phdn khdi nhd, cd di?n tich chiim dudng
QUAN Lt KINH I t Stf 45 (1+2/2012)
Y KI^N De NGHI CCiA C O N G TY c 6 PHAN 0 TO... INGHIIMTHI/CTIIN I B f f i l
nhd, tiet ki^m nhiin li$u, gidm d nhiim mdi truong. Tgi sao Chinh phii Nhdt Bdn Igi khuyin khich nguoi ddn sic dung d td cd dung tich nhd duoi l.OL bdn^ viec Idp biin sd mdu vdng, uu ddi vi thui, vi phi cdu dudng... nhd han nhiiu so vdi nhiing xe cd dung tich Idn).
Trong Iiie Viet Nam xe dung tich dOng eo 5.0L chd 5 ngudi vdi xe dung tich dpng ca dudi l.OL ciing chd 5 ngudi thi tidn biin so, phi cdu dudng, phi giii xe, % thul trude bg ....
Igi nhu nhau. Vd lpi ich, xe ed dung tich 5.0L Idm eho nhdp sidu vd lam phdt tdng len, ngogi td dimg dl mua xe 5.0L gdp 50 lin ngogi tf dimg de mua xe dudi l.OL. Vd miic ngogi tf dimg de mua phy tiing nhdp khdu eiia xe 5.0L gap 100 Ian ngogi tf dimg de mua phy tung xe dudi 1 .OL do Vift Nam ehua thi sdn xuit dupe nhung phy timg cho nhOng xe dung tich Idn (xe con).
Ddy khdng chi dan thuan Id van de hifu qud kinh td md nd cdn gdn vdi sy thidu cdng bdng eua xd hdi bdi vi bdi vi mua xe dung tich nhd chii yeu dimg de di Idm, edn nhung xe dung tich Idn, sang trpng ngodi vifc ddn tidp cdc nguyen thii qude gia, diing mdt sd ede edng vifc eiia Nhd nude, cdn Igi chi dimg dd di ehai, khoe me.
- Nhd nude ed nhidu ehinh sdch ho trp dupe Qudc hdi, thu tudng phe duyf t vd dupe thi hdnh trong nhung ndm vira qua nhung thyc td cde doanh nghifp ngodi Nhd nude nhu Vinaxuki thi mdi dupe Bd Khoa hpc cdng nghf duyft ho trp vd d& tdi cap Nhd nude (chd sang ndm 2012 thi cd thi dupe nhgn tien dk mua phin mem vd trd khodng 10% luong chuyen gia). Cdn Igi nhiing quyet djnh nhu Quylt djnh 49/201'o/QD-TTg ngdy 19/ 07/
2010 eua Thu tudng Chinh phu vl vifc phe duyft danh muc cdng nghf cao dupe uu tien diu tu phat tridn va danh mue san phim edng nghd cao dupe khuydn khich phdt trien;
Quylt dinh 1483/QD-TTg ngdy 26/ 08/ 2011 ciia Thu tudng Chinh phu ban hdnh danh myc san phim cdng nghifp h5 trp uu tidn phdt triln; Quylt dinh sd 12/2011/QD-TTg ngay
24/ 02/ 2011 ciia Thu tudng Chinh phu vl chinh sdch phdt triln mpt so ngdnh cdng nghifp h5 trp; Quylt dinh so 10/2009/QD- TTg eua Thu tudng Chinh phii ngdy 16/01/
2009 ve ca chi ho ti-p phdt triln sdn xuit sdn phim ca khi trpng diem vd danh mye cdc sdn phim ca khi trpng diem, danh muc dy dn diu tu sdn xuat sdn pham ca khi trpng diem giai dogn tir ndm 2009 din 2015... nhung tit cd ddu khdng cd Bp ndo giiip dd vd cdc Bp diu trd Idi rdng phdi cin cd Hdi dong lien bp kiem tra, xdt duyft nhung khi doanh nghidp lam don de nghi Hpi d6ng ndy thi ddu khdng dupe ti-d Idi, hodc Id tit. (i day chiing tdi thiy rdng khi ndo Nhd nude cd day du nguon vdn, cd day dii tiem lyc thi hdy ban hdnh cdc vdn bdn, nhung cde vdn bdn dupe ban hdnh ra vd cdc doanh nghifp ddu tu cdng nghd cao nam trong difn nhihig vin dd dupe ho trp trdn day md khdng dupe h3 trp thi Idng tin eua doanh nghidp sd bi suy gidm, vd chu truang npi dia hda, chii truang san xuat hang ho trp kho ed the thdnh cdng.
Khi Vinaxiiki ddu tu khoa hpe cdng nghf dd sdn xudt nhung xe mang thuong hieu Vift Nam thi cdn gdp trd ngai Idn dd la nhung van dd dd va sd diin ra;
* Dii xe Idm ra ed chdt lupng khong thua kem xe ngogi nhgp khdu, dpng ca dupe su dyng nhflng edng nghd hifn dgi (cdng nghf Mitsubishi lidn doanh san xuat d nude ngodi), khi thdi Euro 4 tilt kifm nhidn lifu, ciing cd diy dii hop sd ty dpng, guang den, diu dia hinh vd dau dia tidng, phanh ABS... nhung gid bdn chi bdng 56- 70% gid xe thuang hieu ngogi thi sd gdp mpt so khd khdn nhu sau:
- Cac Ngdn hdng thuang mgi khong mudn hodc nggi cho ngudi tidu diing vay hodc ndu cd cho vay thi miie cho vay thip hon so vdi ngudi mua xe thuong hidu ngogi.
- Cde ea quan eiia Nhd nude 100% dung xe thuang hifu ngogi dii xe do lap rdp d Vift Nam vdi miic npi dja hda thip, diu che bai xe thuang hifu npi dia hda vi hp dung tidn ngdn
Sf 45(1+2/2012) QUAN Lt KINH Tf
P I T T ! KINH NGHigM THi;iC TIJN Y KI^N e e NGH! COA CONG TY c 6 PHAN 0 TO.,,
sdch, chi cdng nhieu cdng tot. 6 Hdn Qu6c, Trung Qudc, Nhgt Bdn, cdc nude Asean...
trong giai dogn diu khi hp nOi dja hda dupe xe ndo (tiiy timg giai dogn) thi logi d td dd s5 dupe Nhd nude ho trp cho ngudi tidu diing nhu gidm thue. Ca qu£m edng quyen d nhiiu nude chi dimg xe npi.
Vdi nhihig ddng xe chien lupc, chiing tdi bilt Bp Cong thuang cGng dang cd dy thdo trinh Chinh phii ho trp ngudi tidu diing vl thul tidu thy ddc bift cho nhthig xe cd dung tich dudi 1.5L vd miic npi dja hda > 40%, song cdc dy thdo ndy cin phdi dupe Quoc h$i thdng qua thi BO Tdi ehinh mdi dhng y (thong tin ndy chua chinh thong, chiing tdi mdi tim hiiu dupe qua y kiln ciia m^t so cdn bp). Chiing tdi nghi rdng, chu truang ho trp ngudi tidu dung thul tidu thy dde bift eho xe dung tich dudi 1.5L vd miic npi dja hda >
40% y kidn eiia Bp Cdng thuang Id cdng bdng bdi vi truoc day d giai doan diu cdc lien doanh dupe hudng thud tidu thy dde bift bdng 0%, nhung miic npi dja hda khdng qud 6%
(chi Idp rdp don thudn) (nhu cdng bo ciia Bp Tai chinh). Cdn bdy gid niu bat ky doanh nghiep ndo, khdng kd bat ky thdnh phan kinh td, khdng ke ddu tu trong vd ngodi nude md dupe giam thud tidu thy ddc bift 50% thi
cflng th^t xiing ddng. Vd tdi nghi miic ndy co thi gidm di nhu sau:
- Xe cd dung tich xy lanh 1.5L vd miic npi dja hda > 40%: uu ddi 30% thue tidu thy ddc bift - Xe cd dung tich xy lanh 1.5L vd miic nOi dja hda > 50%: uu ddi 40% thul tieu thy ddc bift.
- Xe ed dung tich xy lanh dudi 1.3 vd miic npi dja hda > 40%: uu ddi 40% thue tidu thy dde bift.
- Xe ed dung tich xy lanh dudi 1.3 vd miic npi dia hda > 50%: uu ddi 50% thul tidu thy ddc bift.
Mpt Ian niia chiing tdi khdng dinh ring Chinh phu, Quoc hpi nen thay ddi mpt so ehinh sdch ve thud, uu ddi dl cdc chinh sdch ay cd tinh thyc tien, khuyen khich iru ddi cho nhihig doanh nghifp thy sy lam lpi cho ddt nude trong vifc gidi quydt vifc lam, gidm nhdp sidu, gidm lam phdt vd hudng ddn vifc xudt khdu vd mang Igi Ipi ich cho ngudi tidu dimg.
Trdn day Id nhihig y kiln nhd ciia Vinaxuki, dupe diic ket trong c^ud trinh thyc tien vd kit hpp nghidn ciiu nhdm kiln nghj ehinh sdch ciia Chinh phii.
QUAN Lt KINH it Stf 45 (1+2/2012)
