TAPCHI KHOA HOC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 D E X U A T M O H I N H DAY H Q C T I C H HOfP T R O N G G I A O D U C HU*orNG N G H l f P 6 TRlTOfNG P H O T H O N G
TS. Ngo Pkan Ank Tuan^
TdM TAT
Bdi viit de cap den viic kit hgp iru diim cua phuang phdp dgy hgc gidi quyit vdn di vd hgc tap trdi nghiim sdng tgo trong hogt ddng hu&ng nghiep qua cdc mdn hgc vd hu&ng nghiep qua cdc hogt dgng ngogi khda. Ddy la md hinh dgy hgc tich hgp cd kiiu qud trong gido due hu&ng nghiip a tru&ng phd thdng.
Tw khoa: Md hinh dgy hgc tich hgp, gido due hu&ng nghiep 1. D | t van de
Day hoc tich hop (DHTH) la mot dinh huong frong doi moi giao due, la mot buoc chuy8n tu day hoc theo each t i ^ can n6i dung sang tilp can nang lire nham dao tao con nguoi nang dong, sdng tao, co nang lire van dung kiSn thiic khi giai quy8t cac vdn d6 trong thyc tiln cugc s6ng. Quan diem nay phii hop vcri boat dong giao due huong nghiep (GDHN) d tmong pho thong.
Bai viet de cap den mot so van de ca ban \h DHTH va GDHN, fren ca sd do, de xuAt mo hmh DHTH frong GDHN a tmong pho thong.
2. M6t so van Ak \l day hoc tich hgp trong gi^o due hvorng nghiep it trirdng ph6 th5ng
2.1. Tick hgp vd day kgc tick hgp 2.1.1. Tich hgp
Trong tilng Anh, tich hgp duac viSt
\k "integration" mgt tti g6c Latin (integer) co nghia la "toan bo, t o ^ the".
Do la sir ph6i hgp cac boat dgng, cac thanh phan khdc nhau cua mgt he thong dh bao dam sir hai hoa chfrc nang va muc tieu boat dgng cua h6 thdng ay.
' T n r ^ g Can bp quan ly giao due TP. Ho Chi Minh
Theo Tic diin Bdch khoa Khoa hgc Gido due ciia Cgng hoa Lien bang Diic, nghia chung cua tti "integration" co hai khia canh do la: Qua trinh xac I|p lai cai chung, cai toan the, cai thong nhat tli nhiJng cai rieng Ie; frang thai md trong do CO cdi chung, cdi todn th^ dugc tao ra tir nhumg cdi rigng l€ [Ddn theo tdi liSu tham khao 6].
Theo Tic diin liing Viet [1]: "Tich hgp Id su k6t hgp nhiing ho^t dgng, chuang trinh ho^c cdc thdnh phan khac nhau thanh mgt khoi chfrc nang. Tich hgp CO nghia Id su thong nhat, su hoa hgp, su ket hgp"; Tic dien Gido due hgc [2]: "Tich hgp Id hdnh dgng lien kit cdc doi tugng nghiSn cuu, gidng day, hgc tap cua cung mgt ITnh vuc hoac vdi ITnh vuc khdc nhau frong cung m6t kS hoach day hgc".
Trong d^y hgc cdc hd m6n, tich hgp dugc hieu Id s\r ket hgp, to hgp cdc ngi dung tii cac mon hgc, linh vuc hgc tap khdc nhau thanh mgt mon hgc mai.
2.1.2. Dqty hgc tich hgp
Theo Tir diin Gido due hgc [2], DHTH la hanh dgng lien ket cdc doi tugng nghien ciiu, giang day, hgc tap cua
TAP c m KHOA HOC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 cimg mgt ITnh vuc hoac vai lmh vuc khac
nhau frong cung mgt ke hoach day hgc.
Nhu vay, DHTH khong phai la su pha frgn co hgc cua nhieu bg mon khac nhau md la ket hgp nhieu loai kien thiic, nhieu loai ky nang, nhieu loai thdi do, de gidi quyet nhimg van de md cuoc song dat ra cho nguai hgc.
2.1.3. Cdc muc do (hinh thiec) tich hgp trong chuang trinh gido due pho thdng
Nhieu nhd khoa hoc da phan chia cac hinh thiic tich hgp theo thang tang dan vd dugc sdp xep lai nhu sa do hinh 1 ducri day [3]:
I Xuygn mdn
_| Ba m6n
KethQp Truydn thong
Hinh 1: Cdc hinh thirc tich hgp tiong chuang tiinh gido duc phd thdng Trong cdc thiic hinh thiic tich hgp
neu fren thi hinh tich hgp pho bien nhat dugc cdc gido vien van dung vd hien dang dugc day manh Id tich hgp lien mon. Day la quan diem tich hgp ma rgng kien thiic frong bai hgc vcri cdc kien thiic ciia cdc bfi mon khac cung nhu cdc kiln thiic dai song ma hgc sinh tich luy dugc tii cugc song cgng dong.
qua do lam giau them von hieu biet vd phat trien nhan each cho hgc sinh.
Day hgc tich hgp lien mfin thuoc ve ngi dung day hgc chii khong phdi la phuotig phdp day hgc. Xet fren phuang dien cdc thanh t6 ciia qud trinh day hgc, su khac biet giua DHTH lien mon va day hgc dan mon tmyen thong dugc the hien ttong bdng 1 duai day [4]:
Bang 1: So sdnh cdc thdnh to giua dgy hgc tich hgp vd dgy hgc dan mdn Cac thanh to cua
qua trinh day hgc Myc tieu Ngi dung Phuong tien Phuang phap, hinh thiic to chuc Kiem tra danh gia
Day hoc tich hop Muc tieu don mon + cac muc tieu phat trien cac nang l\rc
Xuat phat tCr van de gan voi thuc tien, it quan tam den logic noi tai ciia mon hgc
Day hoc dou mon Muc tieu don mon Trinh bay theo cau tnic logic ngi tai cua mon hgc Khong CO su khac biet vS ban chat ma chi la do sir khac biet ve ngi dung quy dinh
Khong CO phuong phap day hgc ttch hgp ma sii dung chung he thong phuong phap day hgc giong nhu khi day hgc tmySn thong Khong CO su khac biet ve cong cu hay each thiic danh gia (Ngu6n: Nguyen
tu nhien'
Van Bien (2015), "Quy ttinh xay dung chu d l tich hgp v l khoa hgc ', Tgp chi Khoa hgc sd 2, nam 2015, DHSP Ha Ngi, tt. 62 )
TAP CHI KHOA HQC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 04-2017 ISSN 2354-1482 Tu bdng 1 cho thay cong viec mai
me doi voi gido vien frong DHTH do la viec xac dinh m\ic tieu tich hgp va xay dung ngi dung tich hgp chii khong phai Id a doi mai phuong phap day hgc nhu nhieu giao vien Idm tuang. Co nhilu phuang phdp day hgc theo huang tich hgp nhu: day hgc gidi quylt vSn de, day hgc theo phuang phap khan frdi bdn, day hgc theo dinh huang hoat dgng, day hgc theo phuong phdp true quan, day hgc du dn... vd mgt phuang phdp mai ma gan day nhieu nha nghien ciiu ve giao due thucmg nhac den do la day hgc trai nghiem.
2.1.4. Cdc phuang phdp dgy hgc theo hudng lich hgp thu&ng dugc sir dung
Trong cac phuang phap day hgc theo huong tich hgp, phuang phap day
Oya ra Vande
NghiSn CU'U Vande
hgc giai quyet van de thuang dugc giao vien su dung vd phuang phap d^y hgc trai nghiem ciing dugc nhieu giao vien quan tam dp dung thu nghiem, nhat la khi du thao chuong trinh pho thong t6ng the mai dugc cong bo.
2.1.4.1. Dgy hoc gidi quyet vdn di - Day hgc giai quyet van de Id cdch thuc, con duang ma gido vien ap dung ttong d^y hgc d l phdt ttiln kha nang tim toi, kham phd dgc Idp cua hgc sinh bang each dua ra cdc tinh huong co van de vd dilu khien hoat dgng cua hgc sinh nham giai quyet cac van de.
- Qud trinh dgy hgc gidi quyet vdn de dugc chia thdnh 4 buoc dugc the hien or hinh 2 [5]:
Giai quyet VHnde
V | n di^ng
Hinh 2: Cdu true dgy hgc gldi quyet vdn di theo 4 bu&c Buac 1: Dua ra van 6.t. cdc nhiem vu,
tinh huong vd muc dich ciia boat d6ng;
Bu6c 2: Nghien cuu van de: thu thiip hilu bilt cua hgc sinh, nghien cfru tdi lieu;
Buac 3: Giai quyet van de: dua ra lai gidi, danh gid chgn phuang dn toi uu;
Buac 4: Vdn dung: ket qua de giai quyet bdi tinh huong, van de tuong tu.
2.1.4.2. Dgy hgc trdi nghiem
- Day hgc frai nghiem la phuang phdp day hgc dugc to chuc theo tien trinh ttai nghiem thuc t l cho den khi hinh thanh nang li/c thuc hien a hgc sinh dap ung dugc yeu cdu hoac tieu chuan ciia thuc tiln sdn xuat.
- Day hgc frai nghiem theo Kolb (1984) dugc diln tiln qua b6n pha hgc tap the hien o hinh 3 ducri day [6]:
TAP CHI KHOA HQC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482
^
Trai nghilm CM the (Concrete W"' Experience)
Suy tif tCr trji nghidm tririfc dd (Reflective Observation)
Hinh thdnh l(hai ni$m (Abstract Conceptualization)
Hinh 3: Md hinh hgc
•\- Trai nghiem cu the (Concrete Experience): Huang hgc sinh san sang cho trai nghi?m mcri thSng qua viec th\rc hien nhung hoat dgng, tinh huong cu the vd thuc te;
+ Suy tu tir frai nghiem truac do (Reflective Observation): Ngucri hgc xem xet, nghien cfru tu trdi nghiem truoc do qua nhilu each tiep can de co dugc cac thong tin du lieu ciing nhu cam xiic;
+ Hinh thdnh khdi ni?m (Abstract Conceptualization): Nguai hgc can co kha nang phdn tich, tich hgp vd khdi qudt boa nhimg du kien, y tuong mai co dugc a hai pha ttdi nghiem va suy tu truac do thdnh cdc khdi niem (ly thuylt/
mo hinh);
+ Thu nghiem tich cue (Active Experimentation): Cimg vai pha hgc tap truac, nguoi hgc co gang dua ra dugc quy trinh thuc hien se dien ra nhu thi nao, cong cu thuc hien, tieu chi danh gid... de chuan bi cho chu trinh frdi
tap tidi nghiem Kolb
nghiem hoac iing dung vao tinh huong van de mai tiep theo.
2.2. Hu&ng ngkiep vd gido due ku&ng ngkiip
2.2.1. Hu&ng nghiep
Theo Tie dien tieng Viet [1]: "Hu6ng nghiep la thi hanh nhung bien phdp nhdm dam bao su phan bo toi uu (co chii y toi nang khieu, nang luc, the Iuc) n^i dung theo ngdnh va loai Iao dgng giiip dof hgp Iy lua chgn nganh nghi".
Tit dien Gido due hgc dinh nghia [2]: "Huong nghiep Id he thdng cac bien phdp giiip do hgc sinh lam quen tim hilu ngh6, lua chgn, can nhac nghe nghifip vcri nguyen vgng nang luc so tmong ciia moi ngucri voi nhu cau va dieu ki?n thuc te khach quan cua xa hgi".
Cdc bien phdp huong nghiep cho hgc sinh pho thong phdi dua fren co so tam ly hgc, sinh Iy hgc, gido due hgc, xa hgi hgc vd nhieu khoa hgc khdc de giiip hgc sinh lira chpn nghe phii hgp voi nhu cau xa hgi, dong thai thoa man toi da
TAP CHI KHOA HOC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, S6 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 nguyen vgng va su phii hgp vcri nSng Iuc,
so mrong va cdc dac dilm tam ly cua cd nhan de hg co thi phat trien toi dinh cao ttong nghe nghiep, c6ng hiln dugc nhilu cho xa h^i cung nhu tao dijng dugc cugc song tot dep cho bdn than.
Nhu vay, hudng nghiep cho hgc sinh pho thong la he thing cdc bi^n phap dua fren ca sa tam ly hgc, sinh ly hgc, giao due hgc, xa hgi hgc, y hgc vd nhieu khoa hgc khac de giup thanh nifin chgn nghe phii hgp vai nhu cdu xa h6i, d6ng th6i thich hgp v6i nang lire, nguyen vgng ca nhan nham phan b6, su dpng CO hieu qua cao nhat luc Iugng Iao dgng CO san ciia dat nuac.
2.2.2. Gido due hu&ng nghiep Theo tai lieu boi du&ng giao vien, sach gido khoa lop 11 cua Bg Giao due va Ddo tao ndm 2007 v l "Hoat dgng giao d\ic huong nghiep" thi GDHN la he thong cac tdc dgng cua xa hgi ve gido due, y hgc, xd hgi hgc, kinh te hgc... nhdm giiip cho thfi he fre chgn dugc nghi vua phii hgp vai hung thii, nang Iuc, nguyen vgng, so tmong cua cd nhan vua ddp iing dugc nhu cau nhan Ii^c cua cdc ITnh vuc san xuat frong nen kinh te quoc dan.
Chil tmong ddi moi c6ng tac gido due hudng nghiep cua Bg Gido due vd Ddo tao la: "Ddi mdi manh me phuang phap giao dye hucmg nghi?p theo huang hifin dai; phdt huy tinh tich cue,
chii dOng, sang t^o va van dyng kiln thuc, ky nang ciia hgc sinh pho thdng;
khdc phuc ldi giao due may moc, don dieu, sao mon. Tap tmng giao dye thdng qua boat ddng ttai nghiem, tu frdi nghiem sang tao dfi hgc sinh tu nhan thiic vd tu ttang bi tri thiic, ky nang, phdt triln nang l\rc; tu kham pha thi gidi nghe nghiep; ti^ hoan thi?n dfi ddp ling yeu cdu ve ndng luc va pham chat cua ngudi lao dong d ITnh vuc hgc sinh se lira chon. Da dang hda cdc phuong phdp va hinh thiic gido due hudng nghifip; chii ttgng cdc boat dgng frai nghi?m sang tao. Tang cudng iing dimg cdng nghe thdng tin vd tmyfin thdng ttong boat ddng giao due hudng nghifip va phdn ludng hgc sinh sau tmng hgc co sd vd trung hgc phd thdng".
2.2.3. Cdc hinh thicc gido due hu&ng nghiip cho hgc sinh phd thdng
Theo Chi thi 33/ 2003/ CT- BGDDT cua Bg Giao due va Dao tao: "Giao due hudng nghiep cho HS phd thong bang cdc hinh thiic: Tich hgp ngi dung hudng nghifip vdo cdc mdn hgc, Iao ddng sdn xudt va hgc n ^ e phd thdng, boat dOng sinh boat hudng nghiep va cac hoat dgng ngoai khda khac". Theo chuang trinh giao due phd thdng hifin hdnh, co thi tdm tat cac hinh thfrc hudng nghigp cho hgc sinh cdp trung hgc theo so dd hinh 4 dudi day [7]:
TAP CHi KHOA HOC - DAl HOC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482
-Cungc^p mot so nganh nghe lien quan - Giai thi?u cac thanh tyu cung nhir phat trien cac nganh nghe
- Giing dgy tich hgp gii>a Itien thiic khoa hgc vc^i cac nganh nghe...
tiet/nam)
- Cap THPT (lop 11 la 105 tiet/ nam)
- Cung cap nhOng kien thi>c ca ban mot so ITnh vu'c nghe
- Hinh thanh ly tu'dng nghe nghiep cho hoc sinh...
Thyc hanh co khi Cac hogt dpng ngh?
thuat
- Tham quan thyc tgp tgi cac nai trye tiep san xuat - CLB vdi cac buoi tga dam nghe nghiep vdi cac nha t u van hydng nghi?p...
Hinh 4: Cdc hinh thuc hu&ng nghiep cho hgc sinh trung hgc (Tong hop tir ngudn: Vu Dinh Chuan (chii bien) (2013), Tdi lieu tgp hudn Ddi m&i gido due hu&ng nghiep trong tru&ng trung hgc cua Bg Giao dpc va Dao tao.
Ha Ndi thang 12 nam 2013, fr. 56-58) Trong ba hinh thiic neu fren ket hgp
vdi quan diem DHTH, viec tich hgp GDHN cd hai hoat dgng hudng nghiep qua cac mon hgc vd hudng nghifip qua cac ho^t ddng ngoai khoa se cd nhilu thu$n lgi va cd hi?u qua hon. Trong qud trinh day hgc, cdc mdn van hda dugc quy dinh Id nhifrig mdn hgc chinh khda, CO thdi Iugng tuong ddi nhifiu. Tii cac mdn hgc van hda, giao vien se cung cap cho cdc em mgt sd nganh nghe cd lien quan thdng qua mdn hgc, cd djp gidi thieu cho cdc em cac thanh tim cimg nhu phat trifin cac ngdnh nghe frong ITnh vuc kinh te, xa hgi nhu cong, ndng nghifip, cdng nghe thdng tin... Vi vdy
tich hgp GDHN frong cac mdn hgc d tnrdng phd thong se rdt thudn lgi vd dat dugc muc tieu kep vfra nang cao chat lugng d?y hgc mdn hgc vua gdp phdn Idm cho hgc sinh dinh hudng nghe nghiep sau nay. Mdt khdc, frong chuong ttinh gido due phd thong mdi hoat ddng gido due (theo nghia rgng) bao gdm cd boat dgng day hgc vd ho^t dgng ttdi nghifim sang tao. Ngodi nhirng tilt smh ho^t hudng nghigp chinh khda thi ho^t dgng ngoai khoa cung cd tac dung het siic tich cue. Giao vien hudng ddn, tuy dieu ki?n cd the td chiic cac ldp th\rc hien chuang trinh ngoai khoa de hgc sinh tham quan th\rc tap t^i cac noi true
TAP CHI KHOA HQC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, S6 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 tifip san xuat, kit hgp gifra hgc Iy thuylt
gan vdi thyc hanh, giiip hgc sinh ndng cao hilu bilt v l quy ttinh sdn xudt, qua thyc te, hgc sinh tim hilu nghi va chgn nghe, tu tin va hung thii phdt tiiln nghi nghifip tuong lai.
3. De xuat md hinh day h^c tich hgrp trong gido due hirthig nghi€p d tru-dug phh thdng
3.1. Dixudt mo hink
Tren co sd phan tich nhiing van d l chung v l DHTH ttong gido dye hudng
nghigp d tmdng phd thdng nfiu fren, tac gid d l xuat md hinh tich hgp GDHN d hudng phd thdng dya fren hai phuong phdp day hgc theo hudng tich hgp (day hgc gidi quyet van de vd day hgc theo md hfrih hgc tap frai nghiem) va hai boat ddng GDHN (hudng nghifip qua cac mdn hgc va hudng nghifip qua cac ho^t ddng ngoai khda). Md hinh nay dugc thi hien d hinh 5 dudi day:
Hinh 5: Mo hinh dgy hgc tich hgp trong gido due hucmg nghidp a tru&ng pho thdng
Theo sa do hinh 5 thi md hinh DHTH trong GDHN cdn cd sy phdi k i t hgp ch^t che giiia gido vifin chu nhiem, gido vifin bd mdn va giao vifin hudng nghiep.
Ddu tifin, gido vien chii nhiem chii tri phdi hgp vdi giao vien bd mdn vd gido vifin hudng nghifip lira chgn chu dl/vdn d l va xdc dinh ndi dung day hgc frong GDHN. D I chuyin tdi chu de va ndi dung nay cdn six dung phuong phdp
day hgc frai nghiem hoac phuang phdp day hgc gidi quylt vdn d l thdng qua cdc hinh thuc GDHN qua mdn hgc va qua cdc boat ddng ngoai khda. Giao vifin bg mdn se tich hgp phuang phap d^y hgc giai quyet van dfi vdi GDHN qua mdn hgc. Gido vifin hudng nghidp se tich hgp phuang phap day hgc frdi nghiem vdi GDHN qua ho^t dgng ngoai khda.
Trach nhiem ciia tiing giao vifin dugc till hifin d so dd hinh 6 dudi day:
TAP CHi KHOA HOC - BAI HQC BONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482
^ Giao vien chi^ n h l ^ n ^ —
CiiO tri lua clign chCi de hu'dng ngliiep; Cho IHS lam quen vdi nghe nghiep theo chuang trinh hudng nghiep tong quat
^ ^ ^ i d o v\%n b$ mdn J
1
Cung cap cho HS nhOng hieu biet, y nghTa cua cac kien thirc cua mon hgc da hgc lien quan tdi nghe nghi#p trong thuc te
I V
•Djnh hydng hgc t | p trdi nghidm cho i-tS va lien h^
vdi cac doanh nghiep hogc ca sd SXKD de giup HS tham quan
Thao lugn rut ra nhOng nguyen tac chung tren co sd nhu'ng nghe co b^n
I
Cho HS lam quen vdi cac nghe cff ban tai cac doanh nghiep va ccf sd san xuat kinh doanh
:i
3
Nghien cdu nhan each cua HS vd tten h^nh t y vin nghS cho HS Hinh 6: Trdch nhiem cua ticng gido viin doi v&i DHTH Pong GDHN &
tnc&ngphd thdng 3.2. Vidu minh hga vimd kink
0 mgt trudng trung hgc d tinh H dang xay dyng mdt chuyen de tich hgp vfi GDHN hgc sinh ve nghe frong Ilia nudc cho ldp X cua ttirdng. Nghfi nay cd lifin quan den kien thiic vfi tinh difin tich, chu vi hinh hgc d mdn Toan, kifin thiic ve cac loai phan vd ca, hiru co frong mdn Hda hgc va su sinh trudng, phdt trifin cua cay ttdng d mon Sinh hgc ma Idp nay dang hgc.
De thyc hien md hfrih DHTH frong GDHN, gido vien chu nhiem Idp X chu dgng bdn vdi cac giao vifin mdn Todn, mdn Hda hgc, mdn Sinh hgc vd giao vifin hudng nghiep dang giang day tai Idp X dfi Cling td chiic gidng day chu d l hudng nghifip trdng Iiia nudc cho hgc sinh. Theo so do hinh 5 vd hinh 6, giao vifin chu nhi^m lya chgn chii dfi va cho
hgc sinh Iam quen vdi nghfi ndng nghifip, ttong do co frdng Ilia theo chuong trinh hudng nghiep tdng quat.
Cdc gido vien bg mdn toan, hda hgc vd sinh hgc ldng ghep DHTH gifra kiln thiic mdn hgc vdi nghi frdng liia thdng qua sir dung phuong phdp day hgc gidi quyfit van de ldn lugt giiip hgc sinh ldm quen vdi each tinh dien tich, chu vi hinh hgc cdc thua radng, cdc kien thiic ve cdc lo^i phdn vd co, hiiu co cho cay frdng va sy sinh tmdng, phdt triln ciia cdy Ilia. Gido vifin hudng nghiep thdng qua phuang phdp day hgc theo md hinh hgc tap frai nghiem cho hgc sinh nhap vai nhu nhiing ngudi ndng ddn thyc sy bang each dua hgc sinh true tilp xudng ddng mdng, tham gia vdo viec cay Iiia cung vdi cac ndng ddn. Thdng qua dd, giao vifin ket hgp hudng ddn hgc sinh tu
TAPCHI KHOA HOC - DAI HOC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 tinh dien tich ciia mgt thiia ra^ng, cdch
nhan biet vd sfr dung cac loai phdn vd CO, hiiu CO cdn thiet cho mdt mdng Iiia vd quan sat, tim hieu ve qud trinh sinh tmdng, phat triln cua cay Iiia.
Thdng qua md hmh DHTH ttong GDHN nay, cdc giao vifin khdng chi ttch hgp kien thiic ciia nhilu mdn hgc khdc nhau nhu: Toan, Hda hgc, Sinh hgc ma con giiip hgc sinh hieu dugc dac dilm ho^t ddng vd vai ttd ciia nghe ndng nghiep, tu do cdc gido vien se tu van cho hgc sinh cd djnh hudng nghfi nghiep phii hgp vdi nhdn cdch cua cdc em.
4. K i t lu^n
D^y hgc tich hgp cdn khd mdi me ddi vdi gido vifin d cdc trudng phd thdng hien nay, nhdt la DHTH frong GDHN. Vific nam vfrng nhiing khai nifim CO bdn, co sd Iy ludn vd thyc tien dfi lya chgn dugc md hinh DHTH frong GDHN la van de cd y nghTa quan frgng
cd tdc dgng tich cue den higu qua GDHN cho hgc sinh phd thdng.
Md Wnh DHTH frong GDHN d tmdng phd thdng dd kit hgp dugc uu diem ciia phuang phdp DHTH gidi quylt vdn d l vd hgc t^p frdi nghi?m frong boat dgng hudng nghiep qua cdc mdn hgc vd hudng nghigp qua cdc ho^t dOng ngoai khda se Id md hinh DHTH cd bi^u qud frong GDHN d tmdng phd thdng.
Tuy nhifin vigc lya chgn dugc md hmh DHTH frong GDHN chua phai la difiu kien du cho phep ngudi hgc ITnh hdi cdc kifin thiic tich hgp de giai quyet cdc vdn de ciia thyc tien. Mo hinh DHTH ndy can cd sir ket hgp chat che, nhuan nhuyfin giGa giao vien chii nhifim, gido vifin bg mdn va giao vien hudng nghifip trong tien trinh su pham, nhdm giiip HS cd thi xay dyng kiln thuc tich hgp frong GDHN, lam co sd dfi cac em ty tin lya chgn dugc nganh nghe phu hgp cho minh frong tuang Iai.
T A I L I E U T H A M K H A O 1. Hodng Phfi (2003), Tir diin liing Viet, Nha xudt ban Da Ndng
2. Bui Hiln (2001), Tie dien Gido dtic hgc, Nha xudt ban Tit diln Bdch khoa. Ha Ngi 3. Vifin Nghien ciiu Su pham - Tradng Dai hgc Su pham Hd Ndi (2015), Kyyiu hgi thdo: DHTH & DHPH & tnc&ng trung hgc ddp irng yiu cdu doi m&i CT vd SGK sau ndm 2015
4. Nguyin Van Bien (2015), "Quy ttinh xdy dung chii de tich hgp vfi khoa hgc ty nhifin", Tgp chi Khoa hgc sd 2, Dai hgc Su p h ^ Hd Ngi
5. Ca s& ly lugn vi dgy hgc tich hgp, http://www.sch.vn/luu-tra/1004-giao-vien- gii/12766- day- hoc-tich-hop
6. Biii Van Hdng (2015), "Day hgc tich hgp frong giao due nghi nghidp theo \f thuyet hgc tdp trdi nghiem cua Davida A. Kolb", Tgp chi Khoa hgc so 6, Dai hgc Su ph^m Ha NOi
TAP c m KHOA HOC - DAI HQC DONG NAI, SO 04 - 2017 ISSN 2354-1482 7. Vii Dinh Chuan (chu bien) (2013), Tdi lieu tap hudn Ddi m&i gido due hu&ng nghiep trong tru&ng trung hgc ciia Bd Giao due va Dao tao, Hd Ndi
PROPOSING AN INTEGRATED TEACHING MODEL OF VOCATIONAL GUIDANCE EDUCATION IN SECONDARY SCHOOLS
ABSTRACT
This article refers to the combination of the advantage of the problem solving teaching and creative experiences learning method in vocational guidance activities through subjects and extracurricular activities. This is an effective integrated teaching model of vocational guidance education in secondary schools.
Keywords: Integrated leaching model, vocational guidance education
