DOTINCAY
TRONG CHUOI CUNG CTNG
VN Id mpt nen kinh te phdt trien nhanh trong qud trinh chuyen doi, cung vdi yeu td chinh tri on dinh vd vi tri dia ly thugn loi voi cdc
tuyen thuong mgi hdng hdi nhpn nhip nhdt the gidi.
T
uy nhien, chi phi logistics cua VN dfldc cho la van cao hdn mot sd nfldc trong khu vflc va dp tin cay trong chu&i cung flng chfla dfldc danh gia cao. Viec nang cao hieu qui trong linh vflc logistics van cdn la mdt thach thflc, va la muc tieu cua Chinh phu trong kl hoach cung co sfl phat trien dai han cua nen kinh te nfldc nha.YEU TO D A N T O I S V THIEU TIN C^^Y TRONG CHUOI CUNG CfNG
Trfldc hit la nhflng quy dinh cua Chinh phii cdng kenh va khdng de dien giai. Do do viec dien giai, thflc hien va thi hanh nhflng quy dinh cua Chinh phu khdng thdng nhat gifla cac tinh va gifla cac can bp nha nfldc. Dieu nay dan tdi qua trinh thflc hien cac thu tuc thdng quan XNK diln ra lau hdn va khd doan hdn sd vdi cac nfldc, viec chfla hang khong can thiet trdng chudi cung flng van chuyen hang hda mang lai Idi ich chu sd hflu {BOO}, chi phi hanh chinh cao hdn cho BCO va cac nha cung cap dich vu logistics (LSP).
Cdng dong BCO va LSP cho rang can phai cd cac khoan phi bdi trdn cho cd quan hai quan va can 5 2 VIETNAM LOGISTICS REVIEW
Chuoi cung ung
bd canh sat de cho nhflng phan h ^ g , nguyen lieu va thanh pham XNK di chuyin trong chuoi cung flng It bi cham tre nhat. Dieu nay dan tdi mot ty le sfl dung cao cac khoan thanh toan nhfl vay tren thflc tl, thdi phdng gia logistics cho cac thil tuc thdng quan, khai thul hai quan, kiem tra hang hda vi van tai dfldng bd. Hdn nfla, chinh dieu nay cung tao nen sfl khong dong diu va khdng minh bach ddi vdi cac hoat dpng thfldng mai qudc te va trong nfldc.
Cac dfl an cd sd ha tang GTVT dfldc len kl hoach va chu yeu thflc hiin tach rdi, khdng cd phfldng phap tiep can chiln Ifldc va hanh
cua he thdng cang. Mdt van de nfla la ngudn tai trd cho nhieu dfl an cd sd ha ting dfldng bp va cang thfldng ylu do danh gia khdng chinh xac ve nhu cau trong tfldng lai, lam tdn hai Idi ich ciia khu vflc tfl nhan; chi phi xay dflng cao so vdi cac nildc ban;
va sfl tham gia lien tuc ciia cac DN nha nudc trong dd co rat nhieu DN cd cac khoan no Idn va thfldng cd linh vflc kinh doanh ngoai nganh nghi chinh. Cuoi cung la dfldng sat khdng phai la mdt phfldng thflc hflu hieu trong van tai hang hda.
CAI THIEN DO TIN CAY CUA CHUOI CUNG tfNG Trfldc tiin la hien dai hda hi thdng hai quan, Hai quan VN nen tang gap
lang da md hinh ma it can nhac tdi van de cung cau. Dieu nay cung vdi nhflng nguyen nhan khac, da tao ra nhflng trd ngai cho van de ve dp tin cay nhfl: He thdng ben cang bien hi chia cat nhieu, do nhiing nha ho^ch dinh da chu trpng vao sd Ifldng hdn so vdi chfit Ifldng, dan tdi dfl thfla nang Iflc. Cac dfl an diidng cao tdc cho phep van chuyin hang hda tdi cang not dia (ICD), cang bien va cang hang khdng vdi tfl each la nhflng phfldng tien tich hdp ft khi dfldc lln ke hdach va thflc hiin, lam tac nghen dfldng cao tdc va lam suy yeu tiem nang Iflu thong hang hoa
ddi no Iflc trong viec tii ddng hda hoan toan cac thu tue thdng quan cang sdm cang tot (muc tieu vao nam 2014 theo ke hoach). Dieu nay si lam giam dang ke sfl can thiep cua con ngfldi va cdng viec giay td, dong thdi dem lai quy trinh thdng quan nhat quan, cd thi dfl doan dflOc va minh bach. He thdng nay se cho phep cac san pham dflpc hoan tat cac thu tuc thdng quan dflng thdi han do tat ca cac boat ddng tfldng tac vdi can bo hai quan liln quan tdi thilt l^p phan loai thul quan, dinh gia skn pham, giay phep phii hpp va nhflng thu tue hai quan khac se
dfldc giai quylt trfldc khi xuat va nhap khau hang hda trong thflc te.
Dam bao cac quy dinh va boat ddng cua Chinh phu lien quan den thfldng mai qudc te phai minh bach, dfldc diln giai, ap dung va thflc thi nhat quan. Bin canh van dl ve hai quan cac ben tham gia van chuyen hang hda con gap phai nhflng chi phi van hanh khdng can thiet. De tao thuan Idi cho thfldng mai qudc tl va giam chi phi cho cac bin tham gia van tai hang hda, Chinh phu can thiet lap nhflng thdng tfl va nghi dinh de dang ap dung de cai thien viec dien giai, ap dung va thi hanh cac quy dinh phap ly mdt each nhat quan. Kiem tra viec thflc hien nhiem vu cua moi can bd hai quan va nhflng can bd nha nude khac d cac tinh thanh. Ra soat lai nhflng quy dinh ve thfldng mai quoc te cd hieu lUc d VN de ddn gian hda, tot nhat la cd sfl tham khao y kiln cua cac ben tham gia van tai hang hda.
Giam sd lUdng hd sd va chflng nhan yeu cau ddi vdi hang hda XNK.
Xay dung cac dfl an cd sd ha tang GTVT da md hinh, sfl dung phfldng phap tilp can hanh lang tich hpp.
Can day manh cdng tac lap ke hoach va thflc hien giam sat dfl an dam bao dung thdi han, cai thien ket noi dfldng thuy ndi dia phii hdp vdi ke hoach xay dflng cang, va giam thieu anh hfldng gay tac nghen giao thdng cue bp trong cac thanh phd Idn.
Thue day nganh van tai dfldng bp chuyen nghiep hdn. Hien nay, cac quy dinh van tai dfldng bd vl nhflng van dl trin can phai sfla ddi va phai tang cfldng cdng tac thflc thi. Cd the cung cd nganh van tai dfldng bd bang each thuc day tiep can tin dung ddi vdi cac hang van tai dfldng bp. Nghien cflu nhflng phfldng an khac de giam ty le chay khdng tai mdt ehilu vl, cai thien dau tfl lien doanh vdi cac cdng ty van tai dfldng bd nfldc ngoai va phat triln cac tilu chuan kiem soat khi thai chat che hdn. 7m
Issue 89 March 2015
