m O A HOC & CONG NGHE
Ho Chl IVIinh -Tam gUcfng tUhoc suot doi
Ho Clii Minin - Mirror for life long self-study
P h a n IV. i^E^ T u a n
Tom t a t Ho Chi Minh dac biet coi trong vai tro cua viec tiT hoc. Ban than Ng tfcri dat diroc trmh do uyen tham tren nhieu mat la ket qua cua qua trinh miet mai tir hpc. Tam gUdng t u hoc suot ddi cua Ngircfi da gop phan mang lai nhutig thang loi to 16n cho each mang Viet Nam va mai soi sang cho cacthe he each mang trong qua trinh nghien cihi, hgc tap va chiem Unh tri thu'c cua nhan loai.
T^ khoa: Ho Chi Minh, td hoc, torn guang, gido due, tit hidng
Abstract Ho Chi Minli attaches special importance to the role of self-study. His profound Itnowtedge in many aspects is ttie result of his industrious self-study process. His r
for lifelong self-study has brought great achievements for Viet t>Jam's revolution and enlighten for all revolution generations dunng the course of studying and acquiring knowledge of human kind Key words: Ho Chi Mmh, self-study minor,
education, ideology
TS. Phan Minh Tuan Khoa Ly ludn Chinh trf Dal hoc KiSn true Hd Noi DT: 0913002529 Email: Phanminhtuan09@gmail a
Ngay nhan bai:
Ngay siia bai:
Ngay duyet dang
1. Dat van de
Ho Chi Minh la mdl t l m guang v l l u hoc. Trong suit cupc ddi, Ngudi chi rndt lan dmh nghTa vd tu hgc trong mdt eau ndi ngin gpn, siie lieh nhung dly tu tudng. Oieu dae biet la mae dti cau noi d6 ra ddi each day rlt lau nhung lai r l l phti hap vdi quan diem v l tg hgc eiia giao due hpc hien dgi.
Theo H i Chi Minh, l g hpc la "lg ddng hpc lap" [3, tr.50]. Cd nghTa la vide; hpc tap ja do chinh ban than ngudi hgc quyel djnh, ngudi hpc l u giac, tu chii khdng can sg nhae nhd, giao nhiem vu ciia ngudi khac Tg minh nhan thiy nhu c l u eiia ban than d l roi tfi"
do tlln hanh viec l u hgc. Hd Chi Minh giai thieh: "Tg dgng la khdng phai dua vao al, la tu minh bill biin bao xoay xd-, tu minh b i i i thue hanh cdng tac theo nhidu hinh thirc phong phu, mdi me" [2, lr.48]. Tu hoc la l g minh quan ly vide hpc lap, ITnh hdi tri thuc eiia ban than, Ngudi hpc l u vach ra k i hoaeh hpc tgp eho chinh minh, kien tri va nhan nai thgc hien k i hogch dd mdt each bai ban, sau do nguai hpc tu kiem ira danh gia kel qua da dat duae, riil kinh nghiem eho ban than minh
2. Ho Ch! Minh - nhung chang duo-ng t y hoc 2.1. Giai doan trwd^ khi ra di tim duung ciiu nuuc
Ngay Itr khi cdn nhd, Hd Chi Minh da dugc que huang va gia dinh hun diic cho nhilu truyen thing t i t dep iam ca sd ban d l u cho su nghiep vT dai sau nay, Trong nhung truyin thing tot dep dd cd linh thin hiiu hpc ciia gia dinh va que huang. Hd Chi Minh chju anh huang sau sic eiia ngudi eha bdi Idng yeu nudc, tinh thin vugt mpi khd khan thii' thach d l vuan len hge tap va dd dgt Cd le day ehinh la ngudn goe sau xa bin chat de hinh thanh ndn ^ ehi vugl khd d l l u hge sau nay ciia Ho Chi Minh,
Len nam tuoi. Ho Chi Minh theo cha vao Hue, Tai day, Ngudi dugc khai lam blng chir Han do chinh than phu cua Ngudi Iruyin dat. Y thirc hpe lap nghiem tuc sdm hinh Ihanh d eau be Nguyin Sinh Cung, Nhd tu chit thdng minh cting vai y thtJc nghiem luc Ngudi nhanh chong hoan thanh nhtrng bai lap duac giao. Dieu nay lam eho than phy eiia Ngud'i sdm nhan ra nhtrng thien lai dae biet d ngud-i con thir ba ciia minh,
Sau khi me qua ddi (1900), tra v l que huang, Ngudi dugc cha giri d i n hge ehu Han vdi cac Ihiy Hoang Phan Quynh, Vuang Thue Qui va sau nay la thiy Trin Than. Cae thay deu la nhung nha nho yeu nudc. Vdi y thirc hpe tap nghiem tiie Nguyen Tat Thanh da nhanh ehdng nam bai dugc nhtrng In Ihirc ma cac thiy truyin dat. Da ed liic Nguai dua ra nhtrng cau hdi ma cae nha nho yeu nudc thai dd khong d i tra lai Ihlu ddo
Khoang 13 - 14 luii. lin dlu lien Ngudi dugc l i i p xiic vgi cac khau hieu: Tu do - Binh ding - Bac ai ciia dai each mang Phap. Vo'i nhtrng gi minh hilu va dugc chirng kiin, Ngudi da dai cau hdi vd nhtrng gi an chira sau eae my ttr dd? Dieu dd chirng td y thirc l g tim tdi, chii ddng trong viec ITnh hdi In thirc - mgt y i u t i quan Irong d l II,F hoc thanh edng da buac dlu hinh thanh a Nguyen T i l Thanh
Thang 5 -1906, cu Nguydn Sinh Sic vao Hue nhan mgt chuc quan, Nguydn Tit Thanh theo cha trd lai kinh do. Ngudi da duac than phu eho di hgc liip tai trugng Phap - Viet Ddng Ba, sau dd Ngudi liip tuc hoc tai trudng Qude hoe Hue. Ngudi phe phan nln giao due thuc dan ",,.trong nhung truang hoc cho ngudi ban xir, bon Phap day ngud'i nhu day eon vet, Chiing giiu khdng eho ngudi nuac chiing tdi xem saeh bao, Khdng phai chi sach ciia cac nha van mdi, ma ea Rousseau va Montesquieu cung bi c i m " [1 lr477]. Ngud'i da tham gia mdl so phong trao yeu nude nhung su thit bai nhanh ehdng eiia cac phong trao yeu nudc dd da dgi cho Ngudi eau hdi v l r.fjuven nhan ciia su thit bai, Tu duy dpe lap, tu chii, sang tgo trong phan tich, danh gie :,." ,_, g^^ j ^ j Thanh budc diu ed nhtfng nhin nhan diing dan v i thuc chit cua nhQ I dud'ng ciru nude biy gid. Do cung la ldi giai eho viec Ngudi tir chii Iham gia phory trao Odnq Du khi dugc mdi. Dirng Irude linh hinh nhu vay Nguyin T i t Thanh dat cau ^di "Vay thi ohai iam I h i nao bay gid ?" [1, lr.477], Ngudi quyit djnh tim mdt eon duan-
ngoai d l xem nudc Phap va cac nud-c khae lam nhu t h i nao rdi Iro' vs . ,•
Sau khi nghe lin eha bj each ehirc Tri huyen Binh Khe, bj trigu h:
khdng theo eha trd v i H u i ma quyll djnh di l i i p xudng phia Nam chinh thirc chia tay vdi Irudng hoe chinh qui. Tren dudng ttr Quy Nh-
'""^i, dl ra nuac -''"3ongbaola, - ^^inh, Ngud'i
7 4 TAP CHi KHOA HOC KIEN TBUC - XAY DUtlG
Nguyin T i l Thanh dti'ng ehan 6' Phan Thiil, C'day anh^xin vao lam tra giao (moniteur), duge giao day mdl so mdn, dong thdi phy trach cac hoat ddng ngoai khoa cua trudng Dye Thanh. Ngoai gia len lo'p, Nguyin Tat Thanh lim nhO'ng euon saeh quy trong tu sach cua truo'ng de dpc. Lin dau tien anh duge lilp can vo'i nhOng tu tudng lien bg ciia cac nha khai sang Phap nhu Rousseau, Vollair, Montesquieu... Qua qua trinh miet mai tu nghien eiru, Nguyen T i l Thanh da budc diu lilp thu dugc tu tudng cua cac nhd khai sang Phap, Su tiep can vdi nhu-ng tu tud'ng mdi do cang thoi thiic anh lim dugngdiranuacngoai. Thgc hien y djnh dd, Thang 2-1911, Nguyin Tat Thanh rdi Phan Thiil vao Sai Gdn tim each de xult duang tim dudng ciru nud'c,
Nhu vgy, vdi l u chit thdng minh cCing tu duy ddc lap, tu chil vd sang tgo buo'c diu Nguyin T i l Thanh da xac djnh cho minh duge hudng di diing, each di diing de tim ra con dudng ciru nudc giai phdng dan ldc. Cd the ndi ngay ttr khi 6' trong nude, Nguyin T i l Thanh da sum hinh thanh eho minh y Ihirc tu hoc va kien tri, vugt mpi khd khan de thoa man mong muin hilu b i l l cOa minh.
2.2. Giai doan tim dud'ng CCFU niy&c va lanh dao nhan dan ta gianh ddc lap
Ngay 5 thang 6 nam 1911, Nguyin Tat Thanh vdi ten mdi Id Van Ba da len eon tdu LaTouche Treville bat dau hanh trinh tim dudng eiru nude, giai phdng dan ldc. Trdn hanh Irinh do, Ngudi da miet mai tg hpc. Ngay sau khi budc ehan len tau Van Ba da tich cue tu hpc tiing Phap ciing vai nhti-ng ngud'i lao ddng tren tau. Ljeh lam vigc cOa nhung ngudi Iao dpng tren lau r l l vat va, Ihudng la ttr 5 gicr sang din 9 gid loi, nhung mdi liie rdnh rdi, Ngudi thudng chii ddng tu hpc.
Ngudi tim din hai ngudi ban Phap mdi dugc giai ngti d i mugn nhii'ng quyin saeh nho bang lieng Phap. Muon b i l l cai gi, muon bilt do vat nao dd blng lieng Phap, anh Ngud'i d l u chi lay hdi ngudi Phap, rdi Ngudi v i l l vao mgt m l u gily, dan vao ehd hay d l y nhll de tranh thu vira lam, vira hpc. Cd khi Ngudi vilt han vao canh tay. Hoc dugc ehu' nao, Ngudi ghep ehung lai thanh eau Ihge hanh ngay. Midi mai nhu vay nen sau mgi tho'i gian ngin Nguai da ed von tilng Phap r l l kha.
Khi den Phap, Ngud'i len bd lam vud'n eho dng ehii hang Sacgia Reuyni. Sau do, Nguai lilp lue len tau va iln luat di qua cac nude: Tay Ban Nha, Bd Dao Nha, Angieri, Tuynidi, Cdnggd, Dahdmay, Xenegan, Reuynidng, My, Anh.,, Tren duang di tim hieu t h i gidi, 6' moi nai lau dirng lai, Ngud'i deu danh tho'i gian d l lim hieu thuc l i . Ngudi da khao sat Itr nhO'ng khu pho hoa Id noi liing t h i gidi vai nhu'ng ngdi nha cao ehpe triri d NiuOdc d i n nhu'ng ngdi nha o chudt a ithu H^elem. Cs dd, Ho Chi Minh dd true tiip thu lugm dugc nhung hieu biit.
Vdi su lim hiiu kT luang va mdt dc quan sat tinh tudng, Ho Chi Minh da sdm nhan ra bp mat that eiia chu nghTa d l quic. Dang sau khiu higu "edng hda dan chu" ciia giai c l p tu san la nhung thii dogn bdc lot nhan dan lao dgng rit tan bao.
Khoang dlu nam 1913, Hd Chi Minh Iheo lau trd' ve La Havarg, sau do sang Anh Bac "that lung, budc bung" de cd chill tiin mua sach vd. Phuang lien hpc duy nhat cua Ngud'i la vai quyen va va mdl cay but chi, Sdm chiiu Hd Chi Minh ra vudn hoa Hayda, nai cd nhiiu cay to, cdt den xua de tu hpc. Sau nay Hd Chi Minh t i l l Ip, sd dT thuang ra do de hpc vi a dd thdi tiet thudng rat Ignh, nen khi hoe se khdng the buon ngu duge, ed nhu t h i mdi tap trung vao hpe. Sau mot tuan di lam, Hd Chi Minh danh dum tat ea sd tiin kiim duae de cimg vdi vj Giao su ngudi y hpe them lieng Anh vao buoi
cudi luin. Ngudi da tan dyng mgi nai, mpi luc cd I h l de tu hpc tiing Anh.
Rdi nud'c Anh, Ngudi trd lai Phap khi eude ehiin tranh t h i gidi lan thir nhit s l p k i t thiic. Tai Phap, Ngud'i da liln hanh mot cupc khao sat phong phu v i eon dud'ng giai phdng dan tde, D l phye vu cho boat dpng each mang, tai day Ngudi da l u hpc viit bao, viet kjch, vilt truyen ngin... Day eung la tho'i gian ma tinh Ihan lu hoc ciia Ho Chi Minh phai huy cao dp.
Mdl tho'i gian d Phap, khi vdn tilng Phap da kha, Hd Chi Minh tim d i n cac td bao ctia Phap de xin dugc v i l l bai dang bao, Sau m i l bai bao vilt bing tiing Phap, Hd Chi Minh d i u ehep thanh 2 ban, mdl ban luu lai, con ban kia giri eho Toa soan. Trong nhu'ng Iln giri bai, Nguai noi vo'i mpi ngudi trong Toa sogn rang: "Tdi r l l sung sudng nlu bai vilt nay eiJa ldi dugc dang, nhung dii t h i nao eung xin cac ddng chi sira Idl lieng Phap cho ldi" [4, lr.229], Sau mdi lin bai v i i i ciia minh dugc dang bao, luy vui mirng khdn xiit, nhung Ngudi Igi can than xem lai tirng cau lung chtr, xem bai viit eiia minh dung sai chd nao, Toa soan bao da sira lai eho minh nhu the nao. Theo ehi d i n ciia nhtrng chti bill, Ngudi lap v i l l di viit lgi, khi thi vilt didn giai ra eho dai, khi lai viit ngin lai cho siie lieh,,.
Sau mdi ngay lam vide, Bae lai tranh Ihii doe vai trang lieu thuylt vira giai tri, Ihu gian diu de lai vira la tu trau doi kiin thire, Bac thuang lim dpc nhO'ng lac pham ciia Tdnxldi de hpc lap each viil, each lap luan, r i i Bac tap viit nhtrng bai phdng su. Sang nao Bae eung viit ttr 5 gid din 6 gid ruo'i, ldi 7 gid Bae lai b i t lay vao cdng viec. DO trdi ndng hay ret Bae eung khdng nan chi,
Trong the thu vien eua Nguai cd ghi: lot nghiep Idp l u hoe ed hudng din ve vilt bao. Khi cd the thu vien, Ngudi da tranh thu thai gian vao dd dge them nhiiu sach quy, tim hieu sau han v i cac v i n d l chinh trj phO'c tap. Nghien eu'U mdl each ed he thing cac tac phim nli tilng eua Rousseau, Montesquieu.
Khdng chl viit bao Bae eon viit truyen ngin, kjch...
nhO'ng lae phim thugc the loai nao eua Bae cung cd gia trj nhan van va thuc lien sau sic nhd ed mgt kiin thire uyen tham va each vill, each lap luan sic sao. Con Ring tre, Vi Hanh, Ldi tha van eiia ba Trung Trie, Nhung trd lo hay la Varen vk Phan Bdi Chau,,. la nhii'ng tac phim nhu vay.
Su chuyin biin lan nhlt cua Hd Chi Minh trong giai doan nay khi lilp xiic vdi ban: "Sa thao lin Ihtr nhat nhung luan euang v i v i n d i dan tdc va thudc dja" cua Le nin. Luan euang la mdl van kien co nhung "chu' chinh trj khd hiiu"
Trong khi dd v i n lieng Phap "chua dii" cho nen H i Chi Minh phai tu dpc, l g may md nghien ctru d l hieu dugc ndi dung eua lae phim nay. Ngudi da "dge di doe lai nhiiu lin, cuoi cung eOng... hiiu dugc phin ehinh" [4, tr.127]. Luan euang ciia Lenin da chi eho Nguydn Ai Quoc con dud'ng gianh ddc lap eho dan tde va tu do cho ding b^o, Nhu vay, niu khdng cd thdi gian lao dpng miet mai trong thgc liln, khdng co •i/
thire tg hpc, tg ren luyen gian kho kien Iri bin bi trong phong trao cdng nhan thi khdng I h l ed dugc sg gap gd l i t y i u gitra H i Chi Mmh vdi chu nghTa Mae - Lenin. Nhu sau nay Bac khing dinh: "Ca nhan tdi, lu' luc d i u nhd dugc hpc tap truyin thong each mang oanh Net va dugc ren luyen trong thuc t i dau tranh anh dOng cua cdng nhan va cua Dang Cdng san Phap, ma tdi da tim thiy ehan ly eua chu nghTa l^ae - Lenin, da ttr mdl ngudi yeu nude tiin bp thanh mdt chiin sT xa hdi chunghTa"[4, tr.241].
75
KHOA HOC & CONG NGHE
Ben egnh vide tu hpc, trd thanh mdl nha Macxil ehan chinh va van dyng ehii nghTa Mae thanh cdng vao dilu kien eiia mdt nude thude dja, Ngudi ddng thai l u hoc va sir dung thanh thgo nhidu ngoai ngu iren I h i gidi nhu tilng Nga, Y, Dire, Thai Lan... Ho Chi Minh da neu mgt l l m guang sang v l viec d l ra va thue hien k l hogeh tu hge mpt each nghiem tuc. Khi a Thai Lan, Hd Chi Minh co vO moi ngudi hgc tiing Xiem. Ngudi l u dat ra k l hoach mdi ngay hoc 10 chir Nhd kien tri thgc hien k i hoaeh dd, sau mdt thdi gian ngan, Ngudi da dpc duac bao chtr Xiem, giao liip dugc vdi ding bao. Khi doc hay djch mdt cuin sach, Hd Chi Minh thudng dim so chuang va s i trang, roi djnh chuang trinh mii ngay dge hay dich mgt sd td. Ngudi khong bao gid chju sai chuang trinh Nlu khi gap phai vide dot xuit, Ngudi kiim gid' bu vao khdng ehju de vd k l hoach
Nhd tinh thin tg hpe nhu vay eho nen Bae ed t h i sir dung nhiiu ihir tiing khac nhau, khdng ehi de giao tiip ma edn cd t h i diin thuyit, viit van, lam tha...
Trong ban ke khai Dai bieu tham gia Dgi hdi VII Qude l i cdng san nam 1935, phin trinh do hoc vin, Ngudi da ghi:
"Tg hoc"". Sau do d i n myc tra Id'i eau hdi: Ddng chi bilt nhij'ng ngoai ngu nao' Ngudi ghi: Anh, Phap, Trung QuIe, Y, Birc, Nga. Dieu dd eho thiy kha nang tu hpc sieu viet ciJa Ngudi.
Ddi vdl Hd Chi Minh, mye dich cao ca n h i i eua vige tu hpc la phye vu each mang. Do dd Irong hanh trinh bdn ba hoat dgng each mang Ngud'i ludn ehu y tu hge kinh nghiem lam each mgng cua cac nude Iren t h i gidi. Dae diim noi bat cua Ho Chi Minh la khdng may moc, khdng giao dieu ludn ludn xem xel vin d i mdl each bien ehd'ng Vi vay, Ngud'i thud'ng cd thai do khach quan khi xem xet, danh gia uu diem va nhugc diem cua cac cugc each mang tren thd gidi. Gitra rat nhieu cude each mang, giua mudn van eae hoc thuyet khae nhau Ngudi da chon chu nghTa Lenin, da di theo each mang Thang Mudi Nga. Thue tiin each mgng da chirng minh lua chpn do ciia Ngudi la ehinh xac va khoa hpc vi each mang vd san chinh la con dudng duy nhit dting dan din thing Igi cua each mang Viet Nam,
2.3. Giai doan dung diu Nha nuuc, lanh dao hai cuoc khang chidn, jbudc diu xay dung chu nghTa xa hdi
Sau khi nudc nha gianh ddc lap, vdi euang v| la ngudi dO'ng diu Dang va nha nude, Ho Chi Minh da lanh dao nhan dan ta l i i n hanh thing lgi hai cuoc khang chiln chong thuc dan Phap, d l quic My va buac dau cua cdng eupc xay dung chu nghTa xd hdi d miin Bie Trong tho'i gian nay, dii ban tram cdng nghin viec nhung Ngud'i v i n neu mdt l l m guang sang v i i u hpc
H i Chi Mmh nghien cO'u ly iuan quan su cua chu nghTa Mac - Le nin, nghien ciru bmh phap cua cac nh^a quan sg Irong ljeh sir ma diin hinh la bmh phap Tdn Tu de to dd viet eae tai lieu quan sg chi dao cude khang ehiin eiia nhan dan ta, Ngudi tieh cue tim hieu, nghien cO'u eae tai lieu, sach bao cln thiit cho sg nghiep khang chien ciia nhan dan. Khi din cac vung can cu ir Viet Bie, Ngudi chu dpng hpc tilng va lim hilu van hda cua ding bao, Ngudi ed nhii'ng cu xu hgp vai phong tyc eua nhan dan eae dan tgc d phia Bac. Vi the, ding bao rit yeu m i n va tin tudng Ngudi, san sang tham gia khang ehiin kiln qude,
Theo cae ding chi cd thdi gian lam viee nhilu ben Ngudi k l lai: mdi ngay Ngudi thudng day sdm, sau khi lap the dye Bae xem bao va dgc eae lai lieu ein thiet cho cdng viec. Ben canh Bac bao gid eung ed cudn tu dien de khi cd thai gian ranh rdi Bae lgi hoe them ngoai ngu.
Nam 1961, khi da 71 tuoi. Irong bai n6i_ chuyen vdl eae I khac, dang vien lau nam, ben egnh nhung van de he trong H i Chl Minh cung nhae nha moi ngudi phai thuong xuyen tu hoc. Ngudi ndi: "Toi nam nay 71 luoi, ngay nao cung pnai hoe ..khdng hoc thi khdng theo kip. edng viec nd se gat mmh lai phia sau" [4, tr465]. Hd Chi Mmh ludn quan niem khong ai ed I h l eho minh da bilt dO rdi. vi vay "cdn sdng thi con phai hpc" [5, lr,92] Suit cugc dai minh, Hd Chi Mmh hanh dpng theo trilt ly do
Khi miin Bic tiin len ehu nghTa xa hdi, dir'ng trude nhO'ng kho khan thu Ihaeh mdi, Hd Chi Mmh da yeu cau can bo va nhan dan la phai hoc kinh nghiem cua cae nuac anh em, Ngudi ehi rd viee hoc tap phai tren linh than sang tao khong may mde, rap khudn, giao dilu. Nguai l u nghien eiru, tim toi ly luan va d i ra mdt he thing quan dilm ve chu nghia xa hpi va con dudng di len chO nghTa xa hdi d Viel Nam. NhOng quan diem dd ngay nay dang ddng vai Ird la kim chi nam eho hanh ddng eua Dang va nhan dan Irong tho'i ki qua dp len chu nghTa xa hdi.
Khi luoi Sa cao, sue khde giam sOl, Ngudi v i n to hpc khdng ngirng, cac ding ehi dugc gin Bae nhung ngay cuoi ddi da rai xOe ddng khi chung kiin tren ban lam viec eua Bac ed cuon lu diin d i Ngudi tu hpc ngoai ngu. Mdl ngud'i da bdn ba hai ngoai, da su dung thanh thao nhiiu thu tiing khae nhau nhung khdng mdt chOl tu man vin miet mai l g hpc^dl khdng quen, khdng bj lae hau. l l m guang dd chi co the la HoChiMinh.
3. Ket luan
Hd Chi Minh la hien than cua l l m guang tg hpe suit ddi.
Ngudi khdng ngung no Igc phln diu vuat qua nhung khd khan, nd lue phln dlu vuan len lu hpc d i nang cao tam hiiu bilt eua minh, lim ra eon dudng cuu nude, giai phdng dan lpc, lanh dao nhan ddn gianh nhung thing lgi Idn trong khang chiin chdng giac ngoai xam va budc dlu xay dung ehii nghTa xa hgi. Tim guang tu hpc suit ddi cua Ngudi ddi dd'i chilu sang cho hdm nay va mai sau.
DOI vdl sinh vien Trudng Oai hpc Kiln true Ha Ndi va nhti-ng ngudi boat dpng trong ITnh vuc kiln trtie, xay dung, nghg thuat cin nhan thue rd: Trong thdi dai ma khoa hpc kT thuat phat Iriln nhanh ehdng nhu hien nay, nha trudng du tdt din miy eOng khdng the dap ung hit nhu c i u hgc lap, nghien euu ciia mdi ngud'i cung nhu ddi hdi ngay eang eao eiia xa hdi Vi vay, bdi duang nang luc lu hpc, l u nghien cO'u cd vai Ird r l l quan trong, vin d l trau doi kiin thuc va nang Ige nghi nghiep ehuyen mdn ludn la ddi hdi mai mai Tren tinh than dd, d l biin qua trinh dao lao thanh qua trinh tg ddo tao thi vide nghien cuu quan diem, tim guang tu hoc cua H i Chi Minh d i giao due, nang cao viee lu hoc cua ban than moi ngudi la vin d i cd '^ nghTa 1;^ luan va thgc lien sau sac,/.
' T a i l i e u t h a m khao ^ / HS Chi Mmh, Tbdn igp. tgp 1, Nxb Chinh Iri qudc eia Hd NSi
1995 • * ' 2. HS Chi Minh, Todn ldp. lap 4. Nxb Chlnh lli qudc Bia HdNdi
1995
J, m Cki Minh. Todn igp, tgp 6, Nxb Chinh iri qudc eia Hd Nai 1995
4. Hd Chi Mmh, Toan tap, lap 10. Nxb Chinh iq qudc gig Ha
mi, 1996 ' 5. HdChiMnh, Todn tdp, Igp 12, Nxb Chinh tri qudc eia Hd
Npi. 1996. '
