KHOA HOC Ctew- .^—
T d i u u HOA QUA TRIIVH TRICH LY HOP * = " ^ ^ . POLYPHEMOL TdlME CO H 6 TRO V I SOMG T U HAT L
CAY BO [Persea AmericanaMtl.1.]
Ld Phan-niuy Hanh'. TrSn Q u y S t T h ^ '
T 6 M T A T „U • H h S„,„..„ c ^ nay * U.„« w d,nh ,d„. han, , u ^ . polyphenc. i ^ l " ^ » J ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ ^ M ^ m a trinh frich ly i-'o ho trgrvi diui aC50) tu hat cua cay ba (Persea amencana Mill) co su ho U-gf cua \i s
64 Uich Iy hpp chat polyphenol tu hat babang dung mo. hCru ca Dieu kien cua qua t
• lv M song (giay)) du^- toi uu hoa bang phuong phap be mat 1 (Central composite design - CCD) song (cong suat vi song (W) va thoi gian xiJ 1;
dap ling (Response Surface Mediodology) voi mo hinh quay bac 2 co tam (
n h L thu du^ham l u ^ g polyphenol va kha nang ba, g6c tudo DDPH cua d,ch chi.t " ' ' " ^ a t ^ a c y ^ t o khac dupc CO d,nh dua tren ke. qua oia cac khao ^ i truoc do. K^t qua ngh.en cuu cho t^^V^ham t ^ g polyphenol cao nhit thu dupc la 324,045 g GAE/kg chat kho va kha nang bat goc tu do DDPH cua dich chii^l loi uu (IC50) la 29.853 pg/ml 6 cong suat vi song 120W Uong then gian 100 giay.
-nr kh6a: Polyphenol, tncb ly co hd tiv vi song hat ba. Persea aniericana Mill phuong phap bd m$t dap ling, phuong phap DDPH.
l.flATVANK
Ba (Persea americaana Mill) co nguon goc tir Trung My. Mexico la nha san xuat ba lon nhsit the gioi va san lupng tren toan the gioi vuct qua ba trieu tan fVillami. L et al., 2018). Ba la loai cay an qua co gia tri dinh du&ng cao, nhu cdu phat trien manh.
Nang suat cay ba lan va ky thuat trong khong qua kho nen thuang uu tien chon lua de phat trien va xay dung kinh le b^n viing a nhi^u ho gia dinh (Patricia Fonseca Duarte et al., 2016) trong do co Viet Nam.
Trong cong nghiep, thit qua ba duoc su dung, vo va hgt bi loai bo. Trong khi do. vo va hat ctia qua ba rat giau polyphenol vcn kha nang chong oxy hoa va khang khuan (Rodnguez-Carpena, J. G. et al.. 2011).
Dong thai, hat ciia loai qua nay co cac dac tinh chdng
\iem va chong ung thu (Ahmed, N et al., 2018). Hap chat polyphenol duoc cong nhan la mot chat chong oxi hoa tu nhien (King, A. J. et al., 2014) Chiing rat huu ich trong bao quan thuc pham de keo dai thoi han su dung, vi chiing bao ve chong lai vi smh vat va ngan ngira superoxy hoa Upid do su tan cong cua cac goc ttr do (Perumalla va Hettiarachchy, 2011: Jordan va Lax, 2t)12) Nijoai ra, chiing bao ve chong lai qua tnnh oxy hoa true ti^p hoac gian tiep gay ra boi cau
' Trucmg D91 hpc Cong nghi?p Thuc pham TP Hn Clii Minh
cation kim loai. Nhiing cation nay kich thich tao ra cac loai oxy phan ung (ROS), co hai cho sue khoe con nguoi (^ettasmghe, M. e t a l , 2011).
Trich ly la mot buac quan trpng trong thu nhgn cac hgp chat polyphenol (Spigno et al., 2007). Co kha nhieu ky thuat trich ly da duac phat trien de chiet tach c^c hpp chat c6 hoat tinh sinh hpc tir nguon gdc nguySn lifiu thuc vat nhir trich ly truyen thdng, trich ly hd trg- vi song, trich ly hd trg' sieu am, trich ly sifeu tdi han (Chirinos et a l , 2007; Banik va Pandey, 2008).
Phuong phap trich ly c6 su hd trp- cua vi sdng - MAE la mdt phuong phap hi6u qua mang lai nang su^t trich Iy tuong tir hoac cao han so vdi cac phuong phap trich ly thdng thudng ddi vdi mdt so hpp chat hda hoc trong thuc vat. Vdi uu diem la giam thdi gian chiet (tir mdt vai giay den 30 phiit) va giam muc tieu thu dung mdi (giam 5 lin 10 l&n so vdi chi^t xuat truyen thdng. Han the nira, MAE cho thay lgi th^ ro rang vdi lyc tham nhap manh va tinh chgn lgc trich ly cao (Thomas Michel va Claire Elfakir, 2013).
O trong nu(>c, nghien ciru khoa hoc v^ hat qua bo la de tai kha moi. chua duac khai thac nhieu, hSu het chi nghien ciru theo huong sir dung hat qua ba de chua benh theo kinh nghiem dan gian, viec nghi&n cuu thanh phan h<.a h<jc va hoat Unh sinh hpc cua hat ba a Viet Nam chua diy du. Trong khi dd, nhieu cong trmh khoa hpc d tn-n the' gjoi Aa
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG 1 '/2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
nghi&n ciiu ve linh vuc nay kha nhi6u. Vi vay, viec ling dung phuong phap trich ly co ho trovi song thay cho phuong phap trich ly trayin thong de trich ly htip chat polyphenol la mot trong nhung phucmg phap tiem nang.
t VAT UBl VA PHWNG PHAP NGHBI CIIU 2.1.VJtlifu
Hat bo diing thi nghiem phai tuoi, khong dap nat, hat khong hu hong, sau mot, duoc thu mua cr huy?n Cam My, tinh D6ng Nai.
Nguyen li?u du(?c loai bo phan thit con sot lai tr^n hat, c^t lat mong, ngam trong dung dich vitamin C, roi phoi den do am < 7%. Nguyen lieu dugc nghien nho trong may nghien mau va dugc chia d^u vao c^c tiii PE nho voi khoi luong khoang 5 ± 0,03 g dung cho m6i lan thi nghiem. Cac tiii PE chiia mau duoc hdn ghep mi va bao quan trong tu (I6ng. f < - 20''C.
2.2. Phuong phdp 2.2.1. Phuong phap phan ti'ch
2.2.1.1. Xie dinh ham luong polyphenol tong bang phuong phip so mau (Phuong phap Folin - Ciocalteau)
Theo Singleton va cpng su (1999), voi mot it thay d6i, cu the nhu sau:
Xay dung phuong trinh duong chuan axit gallic:
Lay axit gallic vao cac binh dinh muc voi luong: 20:
30; 40; 50; 60; 70; 80 pg. Hiit tiep 0,5 ml thuoc thu Folin-Ciocaulteur vao timg binh dinh muc. Sau 3 phiit thi cho tiep 2,5 ml Sodium cacbonat bao hoa.
Them nuoc cat d^n vach dinh mirc, de toi 30 phut.
Do cuong dp hap thu u buoc song 760 nm.
Xac dinh ham luong polyphenol: Hiit 1ml dich chiet + 0,5 ml thudc t h i Fohn - Ciocalteau de khoang 3 phiit. Sau do them vao 2.5 ml dung dich NazCOj bao hoa, lac nh? cho diu, dinh mirc bang nut»c cat den vach, de frong bong t6i 30 phut Uen hanh do dp hap thu 6 buoc song 760 nm.
Tir ket qua so mau, dua tren phuong trinh chuan cua axit galhc thi xac dinh duoc ham luong cua polyphenol.
2.2.1.2. Kha nang bit goc tii do tiieo phuong phip 2.2 - diphenyl - 1 picryl hydrazyl radical
(DPPH) Qvanov, 2007; Mihalev et al., 2007) Cho dich chiet vol cac lupng khac nhau vao binh dinh miic, sau do them 2,5 ml dung dich DPPH 0,06 NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON
mM, dinh miic den vach bang ethanol roi de o nhiet do 4 C frong 30 phiit Mau doi chung la mau chua DPPH.
Su thay doi dp hap thu dupc dp 6 buoc song 517 nm. Hoat luc thu dpn cac goc tu dp dupc the hien fren ty le phan tram irc ch^ va duoc tinh theo cpng thirc:
^ ~ ^ ' xlOOW) Ao
Trong do: Ao la dp hap thu mau d6i chimg; Aj la dp hap thu mau cp dich chiet.
Hoat tinh chcng oxy hpa sau do dupc bieu thi quy doi qua gia tri IC50 bieu diSn ham lupng hpp chat CO kha nang lie che hay thu dgn 50% ham lupng goc tu do CO mat Nhu vay, miu co kha nang lie ch^
50% ham luong gdc tu do d ham lupng polyphenol nho se cd boat tinh khang oxi hda cao.
2.3. Phuong phip nghifen cihi 2.31 Quitiinh tiich ly
Theo qui frinh trich ly polyphenol tir hat frai cay cua tac gia Atita Panyathep va cpng su (2012) da thuc hien vdi mot it thay doi 5 ± 0,03 g hat bo kho da nghien duoc trich ly bang dung moi ethanol (ehanol/nudc: 50/50) voi sir hd fro cua vi song d ty le nguyen lieu/dung moi la 1/10 (w/v), rdi dem cO quay d nhiet dp 40°C trong diiu kien chan khnng.
Dich sau CO quay xac dinh dupc ham lupng pplyphenpl thep phuong phap so mau (Muc 2.2.1.1) va kha nang bat gdc tu do duoc xac dinh theo phuong phap DPPH (Muc 2.2.1.2).
2.3.2. Phmmg phap nghien cm Uiuc nghiem dan yeu to
Su dung phuong phap nghien cuu thuc nghiem don yeu td de nghien cuu anh hudng rieng cua 02 yeu td thdi gian va cong suat ddn ham lupng pplyphenol tdng va kha nang bat gdc lu do cua dich chiet
Khoang nghien cuu cua cac yeu td:
Thdi gian: 20. 40,60,80,100 giay.
Cpng suat 120. 160, 200, 240 w.
2.3.3. Phmmg phap nghien cuu time nghiem da ydu td
Ket qua khap sat doc lap su anh hudng ciia cac yeu td thdi gian va cong suat trich ly la co sd dd thuc hien thi nghiem tdi uu hda.
KYI-THANG 10/2019 73
KHOA HOC C6nS »*.^.
Phuong phap b6 mat dap ung (Response Surface Methodoiog>- - RSM) vai phuong an quay bac 2 c6 tam (canh tay don a - 1.414) duac ap dung d6 nghien cmi anh hirdng ddng thai ciia 2 yeu td: thoi gian va cong suait den ham luong p o ^ h e n o l tdng va kha nang bit goc hi do cua dich chi^L
Sd thi nghi?m duoc tinh theo cdng thiirc: N = 2k + 2k + no.
Trong dd. k la sd yeu td thi nghiem, n<, la su thi nghidm tai tam.
Phuong trinh hoi qui sir dung d^ du doan su phu thupc cua ham Iuong va hoat tinh khang oxi hda ri^ng ciJa polyphenol dupc trich ly vao cac yeu td thi nghidm la mpt da thuc bac hai cd dang nhu sau:
V = bn + biX, + b,X -b,_,.\;X +b,,Xr' + b , X - Trong do: bo, b,, bj. h,-,. b,i, h^ la cac he so cua phuong trinh hoi qui.
bo: h<' so hdi qui; b,, hy. he sd tuyen tinh; b,]. b^^.:
h<' so tuang tac ddi.
MOI he sd b dcic Irung cho anh hudng cua cac y^u td d^'n qua trinh trich Iy polyphenol.
Cac h? sd cua phuong trinh hdi qui dugc xac dinh voi si; trp giiip cua phan mem Modde 5.0. Ngoai ra, de xac djnh dugc chinh xac dang oia phuong trinh, cac h^ so hdi qui nay cdn dugc tien hanh kiem Ira muc y nglila vdi P = 0,05.
2.4. Phan tich s6 U^u
TAt ca cac tlii nghiem dupc lap lai 3 iSn. K&t qua dirpc trinh bay d dang TB ± SD. Ph4n m^m SPSS 16 dupc su dung de tim ra su khac biet giua cac thi
nghiem qua xu Iy ANOVA va LSD. Phan nu n, .IMP duoc ling dung d^ qui hoach thuc nghiem va toi uu hoa qua trinh say. Do thi dupc vo ban.iT pi'.m mem Microsoft Excel.
8. KET m NGHBV CUU VA TIMO LUAN 3.1. K^t qua nghifin cmi thuc nghiem don y^u td 3.1.1. Kliio sat anh huong ciia tiiai gian tiich Iy CO hd tra VI sdng
Thdi gian d-ich ly ddng vai trd quan trpng frong qua trinh trich ly polyphenol. Tlidi gian ti-ich ly dai cd the d ^ den tang dep xuc vdi nhiet dp, anh sang va oxy gay nen qua trinh oxy hda hpp chat polyphenol va lam giam kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH ciia dich chiet (Tay, P. et al., 2014). Mat khac, kha nSng khang oxy hda khdng chi dira vao ham luong chat chdng oxy hda ma cdn phu thudc vao cau tnic va sir tuang tac giua cac chat. Cau tnic ciia hpp chat phenolic la yeu td quy^t dinh kha nang loai trir gdc tu do cua nd.
Hoat tinh khang oxi hda phu thudc vao sd lirong va vi tri hydroxyl cd lien quan vdi cac nhdm chuc carboxyl (Balasumdrani et al., 2006) va mdt sd cac chat khac nhu carotenoid, vitamin, khoang chat cung nhu sir tirong tac giira cac loai chat chdng oxy hda voi nhau (Ratnam et al., 2006). Trong khi dd, cau tnic cua polyphenol rat da dang, do dd ddi hdi thdi gian trich Iy phai khac nhau. Ben canh do, yeu td thai gian dupc su dung hop ly khong chi mang lai lpi ich v^
hieu suat trich ly ma cdn mang den lpi ich khdng nho ve mat kinh te. Anh hudng ciia thdi gian trich ly d^n viec thu hdi hpp chat polyphenol va kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH cua dich chiet duac the hien a hinh 1.
"Okn z\ss[ (pa-, i
(a)
Hinh 1. Anh hudng cua thdi gian trich ly den ham lupng polyphenol dich chi^t iC.ic si'dieu cd kl nr chung Ihi kh.ic hiei.,/,. ng co y nghia) Ghi chu: la) Ham luongpohplieiioi u, , i'» ,/,, /.j,^ „-i„^, /j,y,
Thoi gian (giay)
(b)
va kha nang bat gdc hi ; o DDPH cua
cludo DDPH cua did, chin
NONG NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 - THANG
?019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
Ket qua thu dirpc la gia tri trung binh oia ba lan lap. Sd lieu dupc xir ly ANOVA de nhan xet su khac biet giira c^ic mau. Gia tri P - value cho ca ham lupng polyphenol va kha nang bat gdc ty do DDPH cua djch chiet d^u cho thay cd su khac biet cd y nghia giira cac miu khi thay ddi thdi gian trich ly so va\
nguyen lieu.
Ddng thdi, khi ti^n hanh xir ly LSD cho thay, thdi gian trich ly anh hudng dang ke den viec thu hdi hpp ch^t polyphenol va kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH ciia dich chiet.
Khi tang thdi gian tir 20 giay len 80 giay, ham lugmg polyphenol cua qua ti'inh trich ly tang dan va CO sir khac bidt cd y nghia thdng ke trong khoang tin cay 95%. Dieu nay cd the giai thich do d thdi gian ngSn, dung mdi xam nhap vao trong td bao khong dii d^ hda tan hpp chat polyphenol va trich ly ra ngoai, d ^ d^n luong hpp chat polyphenol thu duoc se thap.
Khi tang thdi gian trich ly, dung mdi cd dii thdi gian d^ xam nhap vao ben trong te bao, hda tan. trich ly hgp chat polyphenol ra ngoai.
N^u ti^p tuc tang thdi gian ti'ich ly thi ham lupng c6 xu hudng ngimg tang. Dieu nay diing theo dinh luat khuech t<in cua Fick, trang thai can bang giira nong dp chat lan trong dung mdi cd the dat dupc sau mpt thdi gian nhat dinh, dan den ngimg hoac giam tdc dp nang suat trich (Silva et al., 2007). Vi vay, d thdi gian 80 giay va 100 giay, hop chat polyphenol thu dupc khdng cd sir khac biet va cao nhat.
Trong khi dd, khi tang thdi gian tir 20 giay den 60 giay, kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH cua dich chidt tang dan va cd su khac biet y nghia trong khoang tin
cay 95% (miu cd kha nSng lic che 50% ham lupng gdc tu do 6 ham lupng polyphenol nhd se cd hoat tinh khang oxi hda cao). 6 mdc Uidi gian 80 giay, kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH ctia dich chiet khdng co khac biet vdi mdc thoi gian 60 giay, tiep tuc tang thdi gian ldn 100 giay, kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH ciia dich chiet giam do thdi gian keo dai lam tang ca hpi phan huy va qua trinh oxy hda phenolics do tidp xuc lau vdi cac yeu td mdi tnrong khdng thuan lpi nhu nhiet do. anh sang va oxy (Naczk va Shahidi, 2(X)4).
Mat khac, thdi gian trich ly tang len la khdng kmh td va tdn thdi gian va cung cd kha nang lam tang tdn that dung mdi do hda hoi. 6 day, thdi gian 60 giay la tdt nhat de trich ly.
De dat ca hai ham muc Ueu ham lupng polyphenol va kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH cua dich chidt dat cue dai, thdi gian 80 giay la phii hpii nhat cho bude tiep tlieo.
3.1.2. Khio sit anh huong ciia cdng suat Pich ly Ben canh thdi gian trich ly cd anh hudng d^n qua trinh trich Iy thi cdng suat cung la yeu td quan trpng anh hudng den qua frinh trich ly polyphenol cd su hd tro cua vi sdng.
Ket qua thu dupc d mdi thi nghiem la gia tn trung binh ciia ba lan lap. Sd li^u dupc xir ly ANOVA de nhan xet sir khac biet giira cac mdc cdng suat vi sdng. Gia tri P - value cho ca ham lupng polyphenol va hoat tinh chdng oxy hda ridng ciia dich chi^t tir hat ba khac nhau cho thay su khac biet cd y nghia thdng ke trong khoang tin cay 95% giua cac mdc cdng suat vi sdng.
= .3 300
iriilinl
^ ^ ^ ^ ^ * - - ^ ^ ~ ^ i->n i«i ifin un 120 160 200 240 Cong sual (\v1(a) Cb) Hinh 2. A n h h u o n g c u a cOng s u i t t r i c h ly d ^ n h a m l u i m g p o l y p h e n o l va k h a n S n g b a t g d c t u d o D D P H c u a
dich chift (Cac sdheu cd ki tir chung thi khac biet khdng cd y nghia)
Ghi chu: (a) Ham lutmg polyphenol thu duoc: (b) Kha ning bit gdc tir do DDPH cua dich chiet
NONGNGHIEPVA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 -THANG 10/2019 75
HoHK tho, kft qua xu h- LSD cho thiy. khi tang " ° ' " " ' ^ "'gOlO- M^d'a'l etZmTl- "'V "hien, cong .ua, m 1 •!< i w i.-n 160 w. ham luong H>T>henol ^ ' • ^^ ^ •^. |,j .^ ^„ j , „,,,, |y dai den gia Ihu dupc tang Itn. trpng khi. kha nang bat goc tu do " " " s "*• lang cong su.il vi rfna va sau do DDPH ciia dich chift khong c„ .it khac biet y nghia ^ j ; ° ' , ™ j | ; \ h , , 6 „ g , „ . l v, s..nE tang thim.
trong khoang Un cay 95*. Tup tuc. tang cong suat ni " " a . .,..., i,i 160 w l^n 1^411 w. ca ham lupng pobThenol thu dupc
va kha nang bat gcic hi do DDPH cua dich chiet deu giam rO r$t. Do cong suat vi ^cn.ti anh hupng manh di'n nhi« do. Vi vay. khi cong suat vi song tang lam tang nhiet ild oia dung moi va tang nang suit trich ly. Tuy nhicn. nSu tiep luc tang cong suat vi song, liK u suat trich ly tang khong dang ki hoac giam (Chcmat it al.. 2005; Xiao et al.. 2008). Khi nhiet do cao. dp nhot va sue cang be mat cua dung moi giam.
Nhieu hop chit nhay cam v.. nine, bi pha huy o nhiet do cao va mSt hoan toan hoat dpng chong oxy hoa. Kel qua nay phu hpp vol cac nghien cmi cua Mandal et al. (2{K17) va Afoakwah et al. (2012).
Cong suit vi Sling 6 KW W la diiju kien thich hpp cho cac nghien cuu hep theo.
3.2. Kft qua nghiSn cuu thtrc nghidm da ySu td
Yeu td thi nghiem COng suit (XI.WT
Cac muc cua bien ma hoa
Muc veu td -a
103.44 .51.72 +1 (muc ca
-1 120
HO 0 160
80
+ 1 200 100
a 216,56 108,28 )). -1 (muc ihap). 0 (miic co so), a- 1.414 Sd thi nghi0m: N - 2' + 2k + n,, - 2- + 2,2 + 3 - 11.
Nghifm tlurc
1
7
3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 ^ 10
\ n
Bien ma hoa
X,
-1 + 1 -1 + 1 - a + a 0 0 0 0
r 0
X..
- I -1 + 1 + 1 0 0 - a + a 0 0 0
Bien tliuc X, 120 200 120 200 103,44 216.56 160 160 160 160 160
X, 60 60 100 100 80 80 51.72 108.28
80 80 80
Ham luonj
yiiii^- iii'liK-m
388,554 317,687 323,798 297,622 345,804 270,804 368,4 329,804 326,804 322,54 328,704
' (g/kg)
yiiiMiiidii
384,3 311,174 327,101 298,665 345,812 274,008 375,35 326,066 326,015 326,015 326,015
Hoat tinh KOHR
yLh,K-,...h,(.m
35,89 31,148 30,284 29,192 30,228 27,8 37,228 31,188 32,636 33,048 32,832
JiUr cloAii
35,7038 31,5616 29,8525 29,3604 30,6611 27,3847 37,0635 31,3704 32,8387 32,8387 32,8387 1 i;ii yen lo coni^ suat (Xl, W") va thdi gian vi song
t\l.'. giay) duoc khao sat ddng thdi nhami (1) xay dtmg phmmg trinh hoi qui thuc nyhiem mo ta moi quan he gitra cac yeu to anh hirdng den ham luong va kha nang bat goc tu do DDPH ciia dich chiet; (2) tim dieu kiCn ciia qua tnnh mch ly de ihu ckn c ham hrong pohphenol cao nhat va k!i;i nang bat ^;^i. tu .lu DDPH cua dich chidt tdt nhat.
Df x.i\ dung mo ta loan hoc dinn dim).; phuong tnnh hdi qui. Uen lianli xac chnh cac he %(< cua phuong [rinh. Ket qua tinh toan va kuii Lra y nghia cac hi* st'i ciia phmmi; innh imi qui duuc nhu ^u
3.2.1. Td'i mi hoa thuc nghidm de' thu duoc him lupng polyphenol cao nhat
Bang 3. K^t qua tinh t o ^ v^ kigm tra y nghia c^c hd sd cua phirong trinh hdi qui , (l^-"ll innr licuJ,'i_hain_hro7}C{polynheno!)
Ha tn P 'i651e-009
Cache
"'(1 N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY 1 - THANG 0,05 I '2019
KHOA HOC CONG NGHE
K^t qua xu ly sd li^u cho thay tat ca cac he sd cd y nghia thdng k e ( P < 0.05)
Phuong trinh hdi qui thuc nghiem cd dang nhu sau:
Y, 326.015 25,3904X, - 17,4271X. + n.l728X,X, - 8.05525X,^ + 12,3499X2- (D
Ket qua ki^m tra tinh tuong thich cua phuong trinh hdi qui vdi thuc nghiem (Bang 4) cho thay cac y^u td thi nghidm cd anh hudng manh ten ham lupng polyphenol thu duac (P < 0,05). Tinh tuong thich cua
Bang 4. K^t qua ki^m tra tinh tuong thich dia phmmg trinh hdi qui (Ham muc tidu li bim luang polyphenol)
phucmg trinh hdi qui (lack of fit) dugc kiem tra vdi si;
hd trg cua phan mem Modde 5.0. Phuong trinh hdi qui se tuong thich vdi thuc nghiem neu kdt qua phan tich "lack of fit" la khdng co y nghia thdng ke (Kun - Xan Chen va Mmg • Ju Chen, 2008). Kdt qua a bang 4 cho thay kiem dinh "lack of fit" la khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (P > 0,05); nhu vay. phuong trinh hdi qui cd su tirong thich cao vai thuc nghiem. Tdm lai. md hinh thdng ke cd the dirge su dung de du doan dieu kien tdi uu cua qua trinh bich ly.
Nguon H6i qui Gia h*i con lai Su thi<>u phii hpp L6i thuan tiiy Tdng sd chinh xac
Muc dp tudo
5 5 3 2 10
Tong binh phuong 9790,15 164.974 145.045 19.9289 9955,13
Trung binh binh phutmg
1958.03 32.9948 48.3483 9,96443 995,513
Gia tri F 59,344 4,8521
Giatn P 0,000 0,176
Co y nghia kKh6ng co y nghia
3.2.2. Tdi mi boa thuc nghidm khi nang bit gdc tir do DDPH cua dich chid't
B5ng 5. K^t quei tinh t o ^ v^ ki^m tra y nghia die he sd cua phuong trinh hdi qui (Him muc tidu li kha nang bit gdc tu do DDPH ciia djch chid't)
Phuong trinh hdi qui thuc nghidm cd dang nhu
32.839 -1,159 X, ' +0,689X2^ (2)
2,013 X, + 0.913 X,X.
Hesd b»
b, b,
b„
b»
b„.
Gia tn uoc luong 32,8387 -1,15857 -2,01313 -1,90844 0,689347 0,9125
Gia hi P 4,69882e-010 0,000620503 4,40411e-005 0,000132882
0,0125451 0,00815733
•" Cac hd so khdng co y nghia thdng ke vdi P
>0.05
K^t qua xu ly sd lieu cho thay tat ca cac he sd co y nghia thdng ke (P < 0,05)
Ket qua kiem tra tinh tirang thich ciia phuong trinh hdi qui vcri thuc nghiem (Bang 6) cho thay cac yeu td thi nghiem cd anh hudng manh len kha nang bat gdc tu do DDPH cua dich chiet thu duoc (P <
0,05). Tinh tuong thich cua phuong trinh hdi qui Oack of fit) duac kiem tra vdi sir hd trg cua phan mem Modde 5.0. Phuong trinh hdi qui se tuong thich vol thirc nghiem neu ket qua phan tich "lack of fit" ia khdng cd y nghia thdng ke (Kun-Nan Chen va Ming- Ju Chen, 2008). Ket qua d bang 6 cho thay kiem dinh
"lack of fit" la khdng c6 y nghia thdng ke (P > 0,05);
nhu vay, phuong trinh hdi qui cd sir tuong thich cao vdi thuc nghidm. Tdm lai, md hinh thdng ke nay cd thd dirge su dung de du doan didu kien toi uu ciia qua trinh trich ly.
Bang 6. K^t qua ki^m tra tinh tuong thich ciia phuong trinh hdi qui (Him muc tidu li khi nang bit gdc tir do DDPH cua dich chiet)
Ngudn Hdi qui Gia tri cdn lai _Siithi^u phii hop
Ldi thuan tiiy Tdng sd chinh xac
Muc dd tu do
Tdng binh phuong
0,926
Trung binh binh phuong
Gia tri F 15,341 82.865
0.185
77,629
Gia tri P
0,000 Co y nghia Khdng cd y nghia
N 6 N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN NONG THON - KY 1 -THANG 10/2019 77
3.2.3- Tdi uu hoa ham da muc tieu
Oua tiinh mch ly polyphenol cd ham lupng va kha nang bat .^.IL tu do DDPH ciia dich chi« duoc il.ic trung boi 2 phuong Uinh (1) va (2). Hai phuong trinh nay th^ hipn sir tac dong cua cac yeu 16 cong ngh^ d^n ham luong polyphenol thu dupc va kha nang bat goc tu do DDPH cua djch chiefL
Klu CO su thay doi ciia bo ^o lieu (X;. \^ trong bang ma tran ihuc nghiem thi iai co cac gia tri V thuc nghidm khac nhau va Y,, >. Y,..j, cung khac nhau.
\'oi muc dich thu nhan ham luong polyphenol cao. kha nang bat goc tu do DDPH ciia djch ctiiit tot
nha, pha, u„ in. hoa ham da muc » " » ^^^
phap cong nghf thuc- dJn tdt cho ca 2 '•»" ™'; " " ^ dong thoi nang cao tmh tpan difn cho kel Qua thu diroc.
Tuy nhicn. hpng thuc te khong the co 1 nghifm Chung cho ca 2 qua Utah de d?t dupc Y „ ^ , ;>... nia chi um du«- nghiem thoa hiep (X,. XJ de cac gia tn Vl. Y_. nam gan \,,^, Y'_,.,ax-
Xir ly bang mode 5.0 cho kijt qua: Cpng soft 120
^V thoi gian 100 giay; ham lupng pplyphenpl thu duoc la 324,045 g/kg chSt khp; kha nang bat g6c tii do DDPH ciia dich chiet la 29.853 (pg/ml).
(a) (b) Hinh 3. B^ mat dap ling cua hilm muc tieu
Gin chu: (a) Ham muc tieu la ham luong pohphenok (b) Ham muc tieu la kha nang bit goc tir do DDPH cua dich chidt
4. KET LIMN
Trong pham vi nghien ciiu. ca hai y^u to cong suiit (w) va thin gian (giay) d^u anh huong ro ret dt^n hiim lupng polyphenol va hoat tinh khang oxy hoa ciia dich d-ich ly th^ hien qua kha nang bat goc tu do DPPH voi gia tri IC50. Ket qua. cong suat vi song 120 W va thoi gian 100 giay la dit?u kit'n till uu do trich ly hpp chat polyphenol tong tir hat bo. Ham luong polyphenol cao nhat thu dupc la 324.045 g GAE/kg chat kho va kha nSng bat goc tu do DDPH ciia dich chiet toi uu (IC50) la 29.853 (\ig/nil).
in MM ON
Miom tac gut gin lin cam on ihan tiianh den Trtrong D:n luh- Cong nghiep Tliui-pinhn IP Hu Chi Minb da bao tiy va cap kinli phi tin.' He: • 'ong ^o .•><' 'Hfl-PCTddnhoni ihuchien iiglwn < ,'-
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' eds ofboragelBoragooftk-uialisL). Food Chem.: 21 .\iao. W.. Han. U Shi. B.. 2O0.-i .Micromvc 5. 4;»-5(;. .K^isicdextiTiction ofllavonoids imm Kid\ .istiagali
Si-p. Purif. Technol.:li2(3), eU-til.-^
OPTIMIZATION OF MICROWAVE-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF PHENOUC COMPOUNDS FROM AVOCMiO SEED (PerseaAmericanaMRL)
Le Phan Thuy Hanh', Tran Quyet Thang' 'Ho Cin .Mmh Cny I nnersilyofEoodlndustiy Summary
This study focused on researching Ihc total polyphenols content and tree radical DPPH scavenging capacity of extract ilCr^) from Pei^.i amencana Mill avocado seed witli the microwaves-assisted. In this study, avocado seeds were cxlnicted by soh'ent method to had the highest total phenolic content and free radical DPPH scavenginK cap.icily of extract. The microwaves-assisled extraction condtUons (microwave power (\V) and ume (.sei-onds)) were optimizated by Response Surface ivlethodology with central composite dfsii,m (CCD). Other factors were fixed based on results of earlier studies. The results showed that the liiRhesl total phenolic conlenl is :ii4.045 g GAE/kg dn' samples and free radical DPPH scavenging capacity of optimal extract (1C50) was 29.853 pg /nlL at microwave power of 120 W and time of 100 seconds Keywords: Polyplienol. micro»aveasisled exlmcUon. avocado seed. Persea amencana Mill. Response Siii1:icr Melliodala.e}: DDPH method. Response Surface Metiiodology.
NguAi phin bifn: PGS.TS. D6 Van Chuong Ngiy nhjn bii: 02/8/2019
Ngiy thOng qua phia bifn: 4/9/2019 Ngiy duy$t dang: 11/9/2019
N O N G NGHIEP VA PHAT TRIEN N O N G THON - KY 1 - THANG 1 '2019
