Nghien cUU Trao doi
CO HOI VA THACH THLfC
TRONG XAY DUTVG CHINH QUYEN DO THI d THANH PHO HO CHI MINH HIEN NAY
P G S , TS. L i r u N G Q C T O T A M ' '
T d m tat: V&i vai trd ddu tdu ve kinh te - xa hgi cua cd nuac, Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh dang no luc xdy dung de s&m tr& thdnh mpt trong nhieng trung tdm l&n ve kinh te, tdi chinh, thuang mgi, khoa hgc - cong nghp cua khu vuc Bong Nam A''\ Tren ca s& tinh quy dfnh cua moi quan hp giiea kinh te v&i chinh tri, he thong chinh trf noi chung vd chinh quyen Thdnh pho ndi rieng phdi dugc xdy dung cho phit hgp v&i trinh dp phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi. Muon vgy, cdn xdy dung mo hinh chinh quyen do thi nhdm ndng cao hipu lyc, hipu qud hogt dgng cua chinh quyen Thdnh pho. Bdi viet tgp trung nghien cieu ve nhieng ca hpi, thdch thiec vd van de dgt ra trong xdy dyng chinh quyen do thi & Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh.
Tix k h d a : chinh quyen do thi; co" hpi, thdch thiec; Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh
I
Ca h$i trong %dy dyng chinh quy^n do th| d Thanh pho Ho CM Minh# - Nhgn thuc chinh tri - xd hpi cua ngu&i dan Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh vi to chuc vd hogt dpng cua chinh quyen do thi dd den dp chin muoi
Vifc xdy dyng chinh quyen dd thi d Thdnh phd Ho Chi Minh cdn dya tren nen tdng cua CO sd ly luan khoa hgc, md tryc tiep Id ly lugn chinh tri hpc, ly lugn nha nudc vd phdp lugt
I** HQC vifn Chinh ni khu v\rc II, Hpc vifn Chinh trj quoc gia Ho Chi Minh
Vift Nam. Ly ludn nay hifn da phdt tridn d^n do rOng rai, thdm thau vdo cac cpng dong dan cu, trd thdnh kidn thuc khoa hpc quy gid ciia ddng ddo can bp vd tri thiic. Day chinh Id yeu to nhgn thiic hdng ddu, y d thdnh co hpi eho vifc xay dyng chmh quydn do th] d Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh cd hifu qud, hifu lyc cao. Sy thay ddi ro rft yong nhgn thiic ve vai trd vd tdm quan ttgng ciia vifc xay dyng, hinh thdnh chinh quydn do thi d Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh da dupe thd hifn thdng qua cdc cdng trinh nghidn cim khoa hpc vd xay dyng chinh quydn d dd thi Vift Nam, trong dd ed chmh quydn tgi Thdnh phd H6 Chi Minfa. Cy thd: "Phat tridn dd thj
Khoa hpc chinh tn - So 6/2020
Nghien cdu • Trao doi
ij Vift Nam - sy phdt trien cua chinh quydn dja phucmg, nguon lyc, gidi hgn vd qua trinh phdt tridn cua qudn tri dja phucmg" eua David Albrecht, Herve'Hocquard vd Philippe Papin, nam 2010; "Chiic nang qudn ly kinh te cua chinh quydn dja phuong tgi Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh" cua TS. Trdn Du Lich, nam 2007;
"Dd xuat ve chinh quydn do thi tai Thanh phd H6 Chi Minh; thidt lap chd df thu trudng triet de" cua Truong Dac Linh, nam 2012; "Chinh quydn do thi tgi Vift Nam: nghien eiiu tinh hudng tir Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh va Da Nang" ciia Trudng Dgi hpc Kinh td - Ludt, nam 2013,...
Bdn egnh dd, vdi vi tri Id ddu tdu phdt trien kinh te - xa hpi cua cd nudc, Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh cd mat dO ddn sd cao, dan nhgp cu ddng ddo vdi nhieu net van hda khde nhau; kinh td phi ndng nghiep Id ehu ydu, vdi nhidu trung tdm thuong mgi, tdi chinh vd ddo tao ngudn nhdn luc; hg tang kinh td - xa hpi phdt tridn cd tinh hf thdng; muc sdng cua ngudi dan cao, chdt lugng cdc dich vu cdng tdt; dia gidi hdnh ehinh nOi dd cd y nghia tuong ddi,... Tir dd, tam nhdn thue chinh tri - xa hOi cua ngudi dan Thdnh phd eung dupe ndng len rdt nhidu so vdi tmdc. Didu ndy dupe xdc dinh Id co hOi quan trpng dd xdy dyng chinh quydn dd thi d Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh.
Bdn egnh nhiing thay ddi vd nOi lyc xuat phdt tu nhiing nguydn nhan chu quan, phai kd ddn mOt CO hOi nhan thiic khac, dd la: Iy lugn vd thye tidn ve chinh quydn dia phuong tren thd gidi, nhdt Id d cdc nudc phdt tridn vdi nhieu thdnh edng mang tinh quy ludt da trd thdnh ngudn kinh nghidm tham khdo quy gia trong vide xdy dyng chinh quydn do thi cua Thanh phd. 6 dd, ndi Idn cdc md hinh ehinh quydn dia phucmg: My, Anh - md hinh phan quydn, Diic - md hinh tan quydn. Lien Xd vd Tmng Qudc - md hinh tap quydn. Dudi thdi md cua, ly lugn vd thye tidn dd da gia nhdp vdo Vift Nam, ddn Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, trd thdnh mdng nhdn thiic quan trpng cua cdn bd vd nhdn ddn Thdnh phd.
_ Tir nhiing phan tich trdn, cd the thdy, ca hdi vd sy chuyen bidn nhan thtrc yong vife xay dyng chmh quyen dd thi d Thanh pho Hd Chi Mmh da trd thanh tien dd quan trpng dd ehii thd lanh dgo, qudn ly va nhan ddn Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh xay dyng thdnh cdng chinh quydn cua mhih.
- Quan diem cua Bdng, chinh sdch, phdp lugt cua Nhd nu&c vd chd truang cua Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh vi xay dyng chinh quyin do thi d" dan vi hdnh chinh - kinh te dgc biet dd cd sy thay doi mgnh me so v&i tru&c
Quan didm cua Ddng, chinh sdch, phap luat Nhd nudc eung nhu chii tmong vd phdt tridn eua Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh trong xay dyng chinh quyen do thi d don vi hdnh chinh - kinh td dgc bift la ca sd chinh tri - phdp ly quan trpng dd xay dyng ehinh quyen dd thi viing chac. Trong qua trinh xay dyng chii truong, dudng Idi, Ddng da ban hanh Nghi quyet sd 20- NQ/TW, ngdy 18/11/2002 vi phuang hu&ng, nhipm vu phdt trien Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh den nam 2010; Nghi quydt sd 16-NQ/TW, ngay 10/8/2012 vi phuang hu&ng. nhipm vu phdt trien Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh din ndm 2020;
Nghi quydt sd 18-NQ/TW, ngdy 25/10/2017 Mpt sd vdn de ve tiep tuc ddi m&i, sdp xep td chiec cua bp mdy chinh tri tinh ggn, hogt dpng hipu luc, hipu qud; Nghi qtiydt sd 37-NQ/TW, ngdy 24/12/2018 ve sdp xep cdc dan vi hdnh chinh cdp huypn vd cdpxd;...
Tir nhung chu truong, dudng Idi ciia Ddng, Nhd nudc da thd chd hda thanh chinh sdch, phap ludt vd dugc the hifn uong cdc van bdn quy phgm phap ludt, cy thd: Hidn phdp ndm 2013;
Nghi quydt sd 26/2008/QH12 ngdy 15/11/2008 cua Qudc hOi vi thuc hien thi diim khdng to chirc Hpi ddng nhdn ddn huypn, qudn, phu&ng;
Nghi quydt so 54/20I7/QH14 ngdy 24/11/2017 cua Qudc hdi ve thi diem ca chi, chinh sdch ddc thu phdt triin Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh;
Nghi quydt 56/20I7/QHI4 ngdy 24/11/2017 ciia Qudc hdi ve viec tiip tuc cdi cdch td chiec bp mdy hdnh chinh nhd nu&c tinh ggn, hogt dpng hieu luc, hieu qud; Ludt Td chuc chinh quydn dia phucmg nam 2015;...
Khoa hpc chinh tn - So 6/2020
62 Nghien ctfu Trdn eo sd chu truong, dudng Idi cua
Ddng, chinh sdch, phap ludt ciia Nhd nudc, ngay tir Dgi hOi Ddng bO Thdnh phd lan thii Vll ndm 2000, Ddng bd vd chinh quyen Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh da coi trpng vifc ndng tam quan ly theo hudng van minh, hifn dgi; ddng thdi, xdc dinh day Id nhifm vu trpng tdm, thidt ydu bdt ddu tii Dgi hOi Ddng bd Thdnh phd Idn thii VIII. Dd cy thd hda chu truong phdt tridn dd, Thanh phd da xay dyng Dd an xay dung thdnh phd trd thanh do thi thdng minh (Quyet dinh sd 6179/QD-UBND ngdy 23/11/2017). Ciing vdi dd, HOi ddng nhdn dan Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh da ban hdnh Nghi quydt sd 25/NQ-HDND ngdy 07/12/2017 ve triin khai thiec hipn nghi quyit cua Qudc hpi ve thi diem ca che. chinh sdch ddc thit phdt triin Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh. Mat khdc, Uy ban nhdn dan Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh da ban hdnh vd td chirc thye hien cdc quydt dinh theo hudng phan edp, phan quyen mgnh, tii cap thdnh phd cho ddn cae sd, ngdnh, qugn, huyfn vd cae thii trudng (Quyet dinh so 47I2/QD-UBND vd Quyet dinh sd 47I3/QD-UBND ngdy 20/10/2018).
Nhu vdy, cd the thay, co hOi vd chii truong cua Ddng vd hf thdng phdp luat ciia Nhd nudc Id dOng luc to Idn dd Idnh dgo Thdnh phd ehu dOng, tin tudng tridn khai vifc xdy dung chinh quydn do thi d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh.
- Cung vdi su phdt trien mpi mat cua ddt nu&c, Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh vd mpt sd thdnh pho khdc da thi hipn ro sy vugt trgi vd tr& thdnh ca s& kinh ti - xd hpi vung chdc cho viec xdy dung chinh quyen do thi
Tir nam 2011, 04 dd thi Viet Nam (Hd NOi, Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh, Dd Ning, Cdn Tho) cd dan sd chiem 18,74%, dien tich chidm 2,45%
so vdi cd nudc, nhung da ddng gdp 33,52%
GDP, 61,13% tdng thu ngan sdch, 40,51% kim nggch xudt khau, 48.25° o sd dy dn, 30,1 % tdng von FDI dang ky. 57,28% tdng so doanh nghifp cua cd nudc'-'. Nhirng sd lifu ndy cho thdy, cdc dd thi Idn cua Vift Nam khi da trd thdnh try col kinh td ciia dat nudc va tuong iing vdi sy phat trien dy la nhimg thiet che quan ly dd thi
Tnio ddi hidu qud, tiiuc day trd lai cho phdt nidn kinh td. Vdi vi tri Id tmng tdm phdt tridn kinh td - xd hOi ciia cd nudc, den nam 2018, tdng sdn pham yen dia bdn (GRDP) tgi Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh ude dgt 1.331.440 ty ddng, tang 8,3%, vdn ddu til cdng 34.375 ty ddng, trong dd, vdn ngdn sach ciia Thdnh phd Id 30.668 ty ddng, vdn ngdn sdch Trung uong la 843 ty, von ODA cdp phdt tir ngdn sdch Trung ucmg Id 2.864 ty d6ng<^'. Nam 2019, kinh td Thdnh pho tiep tyc tang tmdng kha, vdi GRDP udc dgt 1.347.369 ty dong, tang 8,32%. Vdi miic tang trudng ndy, kinh td cua Thdnh phd Hd Chi Mmh ehilm 24% ty ygng eua nen kmh te Viet Nam''*'. Co thd thay, sy phdt trien eua ndn kinh te da gop phdn ndng eao chat lupng ddi song cua nhdn dan Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh, di ciing vdi sy nang cao vd trinh do van hda ddn chu, chinh tq.
Dieu ndy da trd thdnh ngudn lyc ehinh tri tryc tidp, bdo ddm cho vifc xdy dyng chinh quyen dd thi dan chu, tidn bO vd van minh.
2. Thach thirc vd yeu cau dat ra trong xdy dung chinh quy^n dd thi d Thdnh ph6 Ho Clii Minh
* Ve thdch thuc
- Hp thong phdp lugt Viet Nam thieu thdng nhdt. chua tgo dugc khung phdp ly virng chdc de ddi m&i td chiec vd hogt dgng ciia chinh quyin dia phuang ndi chung vd Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh ndi riing
Thach thiic ndy the hidn quy ludt mdu thuan cua sy phdt tridn ludn bao ham cd hai mat tot vd xau, tien bO vd Ige hau. Bdn egnh vai yd tich cyc ciia hf thdng phap ludt Vift Nam ve xdy dyng chinh quydn dia phucmg, quy dinh phap ludt vd vdn de ndy van cdn nhiing hgn ehi, yong qud frinh xay dung vd td chuc thye thi phdp ludt ydn thye td. Trong dd, quy djnh phdp lugt vd xdy dyng chinh quydn dja phuang dugc thd hifn tiyc tidp trong Ludt Td chiie ehinh quydn dja phuong nam 2015. Nghidn cuu vd van dd nay, cd the dua ra mOt sd hgn chd trong quy dmh phdp luat, cu the:
Trdn co sd cua Hidn phdp nam 2013, Lugt Td chuc chinh quydn dja phuang nam 2015 da md
Khoa hpc chinh trj - So 6/2020
Nghien cdu - Trao dot
ra khung phdp ly dd ehinh quydn dja phuong dugc td chuc linh hogt, ddp iing yeu cau quan Iy phu hgp vdi dge didm, dge thii cua cdc don vj hdnh chinh. Tuy nhien, nhiing quy dinh phap lugt vd van de nay chua tgo ra dupe nhiing thay ddi ldn trong td ehiie cua chinh quyen dia phuong d mdi cap, co cdu td chiic cua cap dudi vin gidng edp trdn. Mac du Lugt da ed quy dinh v^ to ehiic chinh quyen dia phucmg d do thi va ndng thdn, nhung chua xay dyng dupe hf thong tidu ehi phan dinh va danh gid hogt dgng cua cdc md hinh chinh quydn, ciing nhu cua cdc cap chinh quyen dia phucmg.
Hien phdp nam 2013 da xay dyng co sd phdp ly de phan dinh thdm quyen giiia chinh quydn Trung uong vd chinh quydn dja phuong, giiia cac cap chinh quydn dia phuang vdi nhau. Tuy nhien, Lugt Td chiic chinh quydn dia phuong nam 2015 chua the hifn dugc tinh thdn cua che dg ty qudn dia phuong dieo Hidn phdp nam 2013.
Mat khdc, mge dii da cd quy dinh cy the hon vd mdi quan hf giiia ehinh quydn dia phuang vdi cac CO quan khdc ydn dia bdn, nhu Mat frdn Td qude Vift Nam, cdc td chdc chinh tri - xa hOi..., nhung vdn cdn tu tudng "bao cdp, ban phdt"<^>.
Cung viii Ludt Td chiic chinh quyen dia phucmg ndm 2015, he thdng phap ludt ve xay dyng va td chiic qudn ly, van hdnh he thdng chinh quyen qudn ly nhd nudc da dupe ban hdnh va td chiic thye hifn. Didu ndy la can thiet nhung vdn cdn tmh frgng chdng cheo, thidu thdng nhdt giiia cdc van ban phdp lugt ve td chirc eua chinh quydn dia phuong, ddn tdi qua trinh thye thi frdn diyc td khdng thdng nhat vd hifu qua. Vi dy: Ludt Kinh doanh bdt dOng sdn nam 2014 ciing vdi vife cho phep ban condotel hinh thanh frong mang lai, nhung quy dinh ed phan Idng leo so vdi ban nhd d hinh thdnh frong tuong lai. Cy the, chu dau tu du dn condotel trude khi bdn sdn phdm lai khdng bat bufc phdi cd nghidm thu phan mdng nhd, khdng can cd van bdn cua cdp tinh xae nhdn dii didu kien huy dOng vdn, khdng can bdo lanh ngdn hdng. Vi the, hp da "tan dyng" cdc quy djnh ctia phdp ludt dan sy dd huy dOng vdn rat Idn, ddn hon 90% gid tri hpp ddng, gay nii ro eho khach hdng^^'.
Sy khdng thdng nhat giiia cac luat chuyen nganh da ddn tdi hf thong cde van bdn dudi lugt Cling cdn nhidu hgn chd frong qua trinh xdy dyng vd td chiic thuc thi. Theo dd, moi van bdn lugt lgi cd rat nhidu van ban dudi ludt hudng dan thuc hifn, nhu nghi dinh, thdng tu, hudng ddn,... ddn ddn mau thudn, chdm frd trong vifc thye hifn, md hgu qua Id "ngudi ddn bi thift dan, thift kep", gidm hieu qud thye thi phdp lugt, dnh hsudng ddn sy phdt fridn kinh td - xa hOi.
- Sue ep vi vdn di gia tdng ddn so vd tinh hinh trgt ty. an todn xd hpi tr& thdnh nhirng thdch thuc l&n trong viec xdy dung chinh quyen do thi d' Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh
Thanh pho Hd Chi Minh Id dd thi 'dn nhat Viet Nam, ed tdc dO, cudng dO dd thi hda mgnh me. Trong dd, dan sd cua Thdnh phd gia tang nhanh chdng, mdi nam khoang 200 nghin ngudi. Hifn nay, dan sd cua Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh da gdn 9 tridu ngudi (nam 1990 mdi co ban 4 trieu, ddn nam 2011 Idn ddn khoang 7,4 tridu ngudi), trong khi thye td ghi nhan la khoang 13 - 14 trifu ngudi. Do do, chinh quyen Thdnh phd ludn phdi chiu dp lyc gidi quydt kip thdi, cd hidu qud nhu cdu sdng rdt Idn cua ngudi ddn, nhu vifc ldm, nha d, ehiia benh, hpc hdnh vd di lgi. Ngudn ngdn sdch dupe phdn bd chi dya frdn con sd 9 frifu ngudi, nhung lai phdi chi cho cdc dich vu cdng va nhieu linh vuc khac cho tdt ca sd dan thye te.
Sy bat can xiing ndy khien Thdnh phd khdng cd du ngudn Iyc dd giai quydt nhu cdu dau tu hg tang cho phdt tridn kinh te - xa hOi va cac nhu cau ngdy cdng tang ciia ngudi dan. Ben egnh dd, hifn nay, Viet Nam mdi cd hon 16 tinh, thanh ty chil ngan sdch. Didu ndy da ddn tdi dfng Iyc ngan sach cua cac ddu tdu vd phdt trien kinh td nhu Thanh phd Ho Chi Minh giam mgnh, vi
"dng gidu thi van e cd ra Idm dd nop, cdn dng ngheo thi chi nham nhdm di xin"'''. Ndu khdng gidi quyet tdt co che "xin - cho" frong vdn de nay, ddy se frd thdnh thdch thuc ldn frong qua trinh tidn tdi xdy dung thdnh cdng chinh quyen dd thi cr Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh.
Khoa hpc chfnh tn - So 6/2020
64 . Nghien cdu • Trao doi - Hgn chi ve phdm chdt, trinh dp vd ndng
luc cua dpi ngu cdn bp qudn ly nhd nu&c &
Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh dd vd dang tr& thdnh thdch thiec l&n trong vipc xdy dtrng chinh quyen do thi
Nghidn ciru vd co sd ly ludn khoa hpc ciing nhu thye tidn chi ra rang, mOt frong nhung yeu cdu tat ydu ciia hf thdng chinh quydn frong vifc xay dung vd van bdnh do thi Id can qudn Iy theo hudng van minh, hifn dai, phu hop vdi ydu cdu phat tridn cua thdi ky Cdch mgng cdng nghifp 4.0, vdi so hda, ty dOng hda, in 3D, robot, cdng nghf ihdng tin,... Nhu cau phdt fridn ndy ddt ra ydu cau rat cao vd trinh dp vd pham chat ciia dOi ngii can bg do ehinh quydn qudn Iy. Tuy nhidn, frdn thye td, frong cde bdo cdo ciia Ddng bO vd chinh quydn Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh vdn lien tyc ddnh gid vd nhiing ban che, yeu kem cua dOi ngii cdn bO vd tinh tich cue, chu dOng frong vifc nam bat ca hgi va thdi co mdi, ciing nhu trinh dO, nang Iuc chuydn mdn trudc nhung ydu cdu cua qud trinh phdt tridn chinh quydn dd tbi. Dieu ndy cung frd thanh mOt thach thirc ty thdn ddi vdi vifc xdy dyng chinh quydn do thi d Thanh phd hifn nay.
* Veyeu cdu
- Viec xdy dung chinh quyen do thi & Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh cdn dua tren nen tdng cdc ca s& ly ludn chinh tri hgc, ly ludn nhd nu&c vd phdp lugt cua chu nghia Mdc - Linin vd cdc quan diem tien bp cua thi gi&i
Xay dyng chinh quydn dia phuong d Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh Id vife Idm thugc vd ddi sdng chinh tri. Vi the, vife thi diem vd trien khai d ddy can thay dgc didm cua chinh tri Id "chinh tri gidng vdi todn hgc cao cap hon Id toan hge gian dem", tir dd dat ra yeu cdu phdi rdt than frgng fren tiing budc di. Hem nua, vide gidi quydt mdi quan hf giiia kinh td vdi chinh tri vd vifc van dung mdi quan hf him co ciia cdi phd bien, cdi dac thii vd cat dan nhdt cua Vift Nam vd ciia Thanh phd dugc the hien cu the vd sang tgo frong nOi dung ddi mdi Id chiic vd hogt dOng eua chinh quydn Thanh phd. Tat cd ddu ddi hdi nhdn thirc ciia chu the phai "sdng siia" bdi "nhirng
cdi ddu lanh". Do dd, ehu did xay dyng chinh quyen dd thi d Thdnh pho frudc bet phdi ddo sdu ly ludn, su dpng thuan thye phuang phdp lugn, ma frye tidp Id Iy lugn chhih frj hgc, Iy lugn nha nudc va phdp lugt cua chu nghia Mae - Lenin vd cde quan didm tidn bO cua the gidi. Trong d6, ly ludn chmh tii hpc, ly luan nhd nudc va phdp lugt ciia chu nghia Mdc - Lenin, mOt mgt, giup cho nhgn thirc ndm bdt duge kidn thiie chung vd quyen Iyc chinh tri, vd nhd nude vd phdp ludt; mat khde. Id nhung kidn thiie ca bdn vd he thdng chinh tri, ve bdn chdt, chiic ndng, hinh thiic vd nguydn tdc cua Nhd nudc phap quyen xa hpi chu nghia Vift Nam.
Bdn egnh dd, chu thd xdy dung chinh quyen do thi Of Thanh phd ciing can tiep egn kidn thiic cua nhdn loai ve van de chinh tri - nha nudc theo sudt chidu ddi Hch, dd tidp bien, bd sung cho nhan thiic vd nha nudc vd chinh quydn dja phuang, phu hgp vdi cde didu kien ljch sir, chinh tri, kinh td, van hda xa hOi eua Vift Nam ndi chimg vd ciia Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh ndi ridng frong tinh hinh mdi. Nhan thiic thau ddo vd nghidm tue frdn nhiing tri thire ly ludn cdn cdt dd se giiip chu thd xdy dyng chinh quydn do thj d Thdnh phd di diing hudng, diing liie vd c6 hifu lyc, hifu qud cao.
- Di xudt ve xdy dtrng chinh quyen do thi d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh phdi dugc thyec hipn trin ca s& Hiin phdp, phdp ludt vd kiin nghj xdy dung, hodn thiin chinh sdch, phdp lugt cd tinh sdng tgo tie thiec tiin cua Thdnh pho
Hf thdng chu truong, dudng ldi ciia Ddng vd chinh sdch, phdp ludt cua Nhd nudc lidn quan ddn vifc xay dyng chinh quyen dia phuong la nen tdng phdp ly quan frpng eho Thdnh phd Hd Chi Mmh frong vifc xdy dyng va thye hifn cac myc tidu vd xay dyng chinh quydn do thi cdc cdp. Vi vgy. ydu cdu cd tinh nguyen tdc la: chu the lanh dao, qudn ly Thanh pho phdi qudn tiift mgt cdch nghidm tuc vifc thye hifn vd thd ehe hda thdng nhdt hf thdng ndn tdng ly ludn chung ciia Dang va \ h a nudc frong qua ttirih xdy dyng chinh quyen dd thj. Tuy nhidn, xudt phdt tu tinh hifu qud trong qud trinh thye
Khoa hpc chfnh tn - S6 6/2020
Nghien cdu - Trao doi
thi phdp lugt cung nhu tiiyc tidn phdt hidn cua dia phuong, chu the hnrc tidp xdy dyng chinh quydn dd thi d Thdnh phd can ddt ra edch tiuic td chiic thye hifn ddi vdi tiing quy djnh ed tinh khd thi khdc nhau ciia ehinh sdch, phdp ludt vT md. Dd Id: ddi vdi nhung quy dinh da ro rdng vd qua frdi nghifm, thi didm, da chi ra sy phu hgp thi can thye hidn ngay, vi tinh phd bidn cua nd da chin mudi; ddi vdi nhiing quy dinh khi vgn dyng chua cd sy yen tam va chua thdng nhat cao, chu the ddi mdi ehinh quydn can Idm, hodc tidp tyc ldm thi diem. Tuy nhien, vide thi didm khdng nen ehi chu frgng ddn tidu chi
"phuong thire td chiic vd hogt dgng ciia chirih quydn khd hay de", md can hudng tdi tidu chi
"muc dich tdi cao vd tryc tidp cua chinh quydn dgt duge cao hay thap".
Cd the ndi, cdn bg vd nhan dan Thanh phd, vdi tu each Id nhirng chu the tham gia boat ddng lap phdp, cdn thudng xuydn rd soat vd dd xuat kidn nghi ddi vdi vide xay dyng vd hoan thifn phdp ludt. Chi khi dupe xay dyng, hoan thifn vd thye hifn nhu Id ket qua hogt dpng ty gidc, cd ydeh nhifm cua nhidu chu thd frong xa hdi, phdp ludt se bdo dam dugc vai frd ciia minh frong vifc thidt lap mOt frat ty phap ly - la nen tdng quan frgng frong vide xay dyng chinh quyen do thj d Thanh phd Hd Chi Minh. Cd thd thay, phdp ludt se ngdy cang cd vai trd to Idn ddi vdi Nhd nudc ndi chung vd vdi chinh quydn dia phuang ndi ridng, khi khdng chi Id cdng cy dd Nha nudc qudn Iy xa hOi, ma cdn Id thudc do frdch nhiem chinh tri - xa hgi vd la phuong tien de Nhd nudc ty hodn thifn minh, tii hinh thiie thd che, chiic nang, co cdu td chiic vd nguydn tae hoat dgng, cho den quy che cdng chiic, vidn chiic.
- Xdy dung chinh quyen do thi & Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh khong tdch rdi vdi su doi mai nhd nu&c - chinh quyen ctia cd nu&c, ddng ihdi tham khdo md hinh, kinh nghipm td chdc chinh quyin cda the gi&i
Ddy la yeu cau xudt phdt tir quan diem toan difn vd hf thdng, nhdm franh thu co hOi, vugi qua thdch thuc dd xdy dyng ehinh quydn dd thi d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh. La dia phuong.
dd thi dac bidt eua ed nudc, nhung Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh vdn Id mpt bO phan cua ca nudc theo cac y nghTa tdn tgi, phdt huy vd phat tridn hay suy thoai ty than. Do do, sy phdt tridn cua Thanh phd phdi dupe dgt frong bdi cdnh va nhu cdu phat tridn ehung, vi su tien bp chung ciia dat nudc. De dap iing dupe yeu cdu nay, chu the xay dyng chinh quydn do thi can xay dyng dd an, kd hogeh ddp img cho cd loi ich phdt tridn qudc gia vd loi ich dia phuong. Hai edp dp loi ich dd phdi duge the hien ro frong toan bp nOi dung dd dn, ke hogeh xay dyng chinh quyen do thi, tir muc tidu, ydu cau, quan diem, nOi dung cho ddn gidi phdp, Q ddy, lgi ich cua ddt nudc vd Ipi ich cua Thdnh phd vd nguydn tac Id phdi bdi boa, nhung frdn thye td lgi mang tinh lich sir cy thd, khi tang phia ndy, khi gidm phia kia vd khi do, nhan thuc khdng thd xem Id thiet - hgn, md can thdy dd ciing Id cdn thidt vd hgp ly. Nhdn thiic nhu vgy se Idm tang them frdch nhifm va dpng lyc cho cd hai phia (Trung uang vd dia phuang) frong vide ciing hudng tdi myc tidu phat tridn chung.
Ben canh do, xdy dyng chinh quyen do thi d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh ciing cdn tham khdo md hinh vd kinh nghifm td chiic chinh quydn dia phuong ciia thd gidi, Trong dd, chu the lanh dgo, quan Iy Thdnh phd cdn chii frpng tdi cdc nudc "Idng gidng, khu vyc cd hodn cdnh tuong ty nudc minh". Vifc quan he vdi cac nudc lang gieng, khu vuc, thiet nghi ddi vdi Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh Id thuan lgi, nhung cdn khdo sat sdu hon, ro hon dd tiep thu mOt edch cd chgn Ipc nhung kinh nghifm frong vide xdy dyng ehinh quydn do thi phii hgp vdi ydu cau cua qud trinh phat tridn.
- Qud trinh xdy dung chinh quyen do thi d Thdnh phd Ho Chi Minh cdn huy dpng tdi da tinh tich cue chinh tii cua mgi tdng l&p nhdn ddn. bdo ddm quyin luc nhd nu&c thtrc su thupc vi nhdn ddn
Ddy Id ydu eau thd hifn ro ban chat va nguydn tac ciia Nhd nudc Cong hda xa hOi ehii nghia Vift Nam, da dugc edng khai vdi todn the gidi va vdi nhan ddn \'iet Nam trong sudt
Khoa hpc chfnh tri - So 6/2020
66 Nghien cdu - Trao doi
Thanh pho Ho Chi Minh - hinh anh do thi mdi
Anh: suu tdm
ban 75 nam qua. Trong qud trinh cdng nghiep hda, hifn dgi hda nhu hifn nay, vifc nam lay CO hOi, vupt qua thdch thdc, ddng thdi phdt huy Igi the dia chinh tri - kinh td - van hda va xa hpi tir phuang difn nhdn dan Thanh phd, de xdy dyng chinh quydn dd thi d Thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh la ydu cdu tu thdn. Cy thd, dd ngudi dan tham gia tich cyc vdo qua trinh lap phap vd hodn thifn phdp ludt, ve ldu dai, can nang cao trinh dO vdn hda chinh tri cua ngudi dan. Tuy nhidn, viec cdp thidt Id chinh quydn Thdnh phd phdi da dang hda cde hinh thuc dd cdng chiing tidp can cdc kdnh thdng tin va td chire tham van cdng chiing mdt cdch khoa hpe vd thye chat, bdo dam quydn dugc tidp can thdng tin chinh dang va minh bach cho ngudi dan.
Vifc buy dOng tdi da tinh tich cyc chinh tri cua mpi tdng Idp nhdn ddn Thdnh phd Id bdo ddm myc tidu vd nguydn tac cua Nhd nudc xa hOi chu nghta Vift Nam, la quydn lyc nhd nude thuOc vd nhdn dan. Vide ndy dat ra mgt sd cdng vifc can quan tam: (1) Cdc cOng ddng nhan ddn Thdnh phd phdi duge tham gia thye sy vdo qud trinh xay dyng cde thiet chd chinh quydn, sao cho thye sy bdo ddm quydn dan ehii dgi difn vd dan chil tryc tiep cua ngudi dan; (2) Ddi mdi manh me td chirc vd nOi dung, phuong thuc boat dOng cua Mat tran Td qudc Vift Nam, cdc td chire chinh tri - xa hOi cdc cap ciia Thanh
pho Hd Chi Minh; (3) Nhdn dan Thanh pho Hd Chi Minh phdi thye sy Id chu nhan phat trien mgi mat cua ddi sdng vdt chdt vd tinh than frong sy hd frg bang ehu truang cua Dang vd phdp ludt cua Nhd nudc G
"'Trich Nghi quyel Dgi hoi Ddng bp Thdnh pha HS Chi Minh lan thu X, nhifm ky 2015 - 2020
<^> Tnrcmg D^i hpc Kinh t6 - Lu^it (2013), Bdo cdo dir dn: Chinh quyen do thi tgi Viet Nam: Nghien ciru linh huong tir Thdnh pho Ho Chi Minh vd Dd Ndng, Ha Noi, tr.8
'^> Xem Uy ban nhan dan Thanh ph6 H6 Chi Minh, Bao cao so 223/BC-UBND, ngay 28/12/2018, ve tinh hinh kinh te - vdn hoa - xd hgi thdnh pho ndm 2018.
nhi^m vu. gidi phdp trgng tdm ndm 2019 '*> Xem: Nguyen Le,/^i>i/i te Thdnh pho Hd Chi Minh nam 2019 u&c ldng tru&ng 3.32%, Bao difn tii Hi Noi mai, ngay 29/11/2019
"> Hgc vien Chinh tri qu6c gia H6 Chi Minh, Gido trinh cao cdp ly ludn chinh tri. Nhd nudc vd Phdp ludt, Bdi 8: Chinh quyin dia phuang a Vi?t Nam, Nxb Ly luan chinh trj, Ha Npi, 2018, tr. 323 -415 i« Xuan Hai, Phdp ly cho condotel: GS Dang Hiing Vo chi trich Bf Tai nguyen va M6i irudng "vo dodn, khong hiiu cudc s6ng\ ngay 14 12 2019. Chuy6n trang Dau nr Tai chinh Viet Nam - VietnamFinance, T9P chi Nha Dau tu, Hi?p hpi doanh nghiep diu tu
nuac ngoai (VAFIE) *^
n. Xem: PGS,TS T r ^ Dinh Thien, Co nguai di til vat ndm ciing cac S(T. con cd, hg dn ddn muon ddi.
Bao Nong nghifp Vt?t Nam, ngay 17/02/2020
Khoa hpc chinh tn - S6 6/2020
