LO TRINH THU HUT VON DAU TU'NU'OC NGOAI
^ 'CUA BRAZIL
1. Ve \vldng v o n niidfc n g o a i v a o B r a z i l .
Thee cac n h a binh l u a n va p h a n tich kinh te the gidi. thiic chat cua khiing b e i n g k i n h te Brazil va mdt sd' nUdc k h u viic My L a t i n h d t h a p nien 80 cua the ky XX. la s i i ' p h a san cua chil nghia tii do mdi (Neoliberalism) du n h a p vac k h u viic nay tii My dUdi thdi tdng thd'ng R, R e a g a n (1981- 1989). Chu nghia tuf do mdi. theo cac n h a binh luan nay. la mot md ly thuyet da sac m a u chu nghia, bao gdm ca chil nghia trong cung, lan chii nghia trpng can; vdi niem tin va hy vong vac tUdng lai hop Ij' ciia cac n e n k i n h te, cua quan he cung cau nhd b a n tay vd hinh cua thi trUdng sap dat.
Lap luan cd b a n cua chu n g h i a tii do mdi la "Nha nUdc tdi t h i e u , t h i trudng tdi da", du'dc g i i i thich la h a n che den miic tdi t h i e u n h i i n g can thiep cua n h a nu'dc vao cac q u a t r i n h van h a n h ciia nen k m h te va tU n h a n . hoa tdi da cac d o a n h n g h i e p n h a nUdc cd the de cac d o a n h n g h i e p tii dieu c h m h boat ddng s a n xua't k m h d o a n h cua minh theo q u a n he c u n g - c i u ciia thi trudng. n h a nudc chi can h a mifc t h u e . ndi ldng q u a n ly tien te, tao mdi trUdng h a p dan cac n h a d a u tU trdng.
nudc va nu'dc ngoai n h i m t h u hiit vd'n dau t u vao p h a t t n e n k m h te. tao cdng an viec lam. dn d i n h xa hoi.
Md h i n h t h a y t h e h a n g n h a p k h a u cua Brazil d t h a p n i e n 80 chu ye'u du'dc xay dUng t r e n cd sd ly t h u y e t
Nguyen Ngoc Manh Vien Nghien ciCu Chdu My nky, n h U n g da k h d n g t h a n h cdng. gay k h i m g h o a n g k i n h te Brazil, lam lam p h a t phi m a . nd n h a nUdc gia tang, budc Brazil p h a i t i m con d u d n g mdi de dUa n e n k i n h te t h d a t khdi suy thdai, giam d a n l a m p h a t va dn d i n h xa hdi.
Bdi t h e , n g a y s a u k h i len l a m tdng thd'ng ( t h i n g 12/1992) dng I t a m a r F r a n c o da t a i dieu c h i n h n e n k i n h te, tii do h o a thUdng m a i va h o a n t h i e n he thd'ng p h a p l u a t t h e e h u d n g cdi md, t h u hiit vd'n d a u tU nUdc ngoai, dac biet. Tdng thd'ng c h a p n h a n va cho thiic t h i de n g h i cua Bd trUdng Tai chinh (liic ba'y gid la dng F e r n a n d d Cardoso) p h a i ddi t i e n (1 ddng Real mdi a n 1.000 ddng R e a l cii) de n h a , nUdc chil ddng ve m a t t a i chinh, dieu h a n h t h i trUdng t i e n te va q u a n ly n e n k i n h t e . Nhd vay t i n h h i n h tai chinh dn d i n h d i n . vd'n nUdc ngdai d a u t u vao Brazil n g a y mdt gia t a n g , den d i u n a m 2000 len tdi 30.5 ty USD (nu'dc cao nha't ke tuf n a m 1997 de'n n a m 2006), khie'n n a m 2000 Brazil du'dc xep h a n g thuf 4 t h e gidi va thif 2 k h u vilc cac nUdc d a n g p h a t t r i e n ve t h u hiit FDI ciia nUdc n g c a i .
Ve tUdng q u a n giuta t h i p h i n FDI vad Brazil va t h i p h a n G D P cua Brazil t r c n g G D P t h e gidi, t h i Brazil dUdc xep t r o n g n h d m 30 qud'c gia h a n g d i u the gidi t r o n g thdi gian 1998-2000. NhUng, den cucl n a m 2000, k i n h te Brazil lai bi suy t h c a i . F D I vad Brazil bi giam thed. M a i de'n thdi dng L u l a da Silva len l a m tdng thd'ng (dac cif t h i n g
10/2002), k i n h te p h u c hUng d i n , ddng
FDI lai ddn ve Brazil, tdi nam 2007 len tdi 30 ty USD.
Cling nhu d mpi nen kinh te dang p h i t trien, di ddi vdi FDI vao Brazil la cdng nghe mdi, "la chuyen giao ky thuat hien dai va bi quyet quan ly kinh te^'. FDI vac Brazil liic d i u chu yeu la vac nganh ndng nghiep, cdng nghiep thiic pham, giao thdng van tai, sau dd vad cac nganh cd khi che tao, vien thdng.
2. G u o n g m a y thu hiit von d a u tii niidc n g o a i .
Hien nay d Brazil chifc nang cd ban huy ddng FDI dUdc tap trung vad tay nha nUdc. NhUng vai trd chu ye'u thilc thi chifc nang nay lai la Uy ban huy ddng vd'n d i u tU san xuat, thanh lap thang 8/2004. Uy ban nay tnic thudc v a n phdng Tdng thd'ng, tham gia Uy ban gdm cd: Bd Ngoai giao; Bd Tai chinh; Bd Ke hoach, Ngan sach va Quan ly; Bd P h i t trien, Cdng nghiep va Ngoai thiidng; Bd Mdi trUdng; Bd Ndng nghiep; Bd Buu dien va Be Giad thdng Van tai.
Chinh sach cdng nghiep, cdng nghe va ngoai thUdng (chinh sach cdng thUdng) dUdc cci la muc tieu chien lUdc phat trien kinh te va cung la ke hoach hanh ddng cua chinh phu dng Lula da Silva n h i m tao kha nang ddi mdi cdng nghe, tang nang suat lao ddng, ha gia thanh, ddi mdi kieu dang miu ma san pham, tao cho hang boa Brazil cd nhieu kha nang canh tranh so vdi cic mat hang cuing loai tren cic thUdng trudng, day manh xuat khau, tad cdng an viec lam, dn dinh xa hdi.
Day ciing la cd sd de Brazil md rdng ke hoach tham gia vao cac thi trUdng nUdc ngcai, phat trien nhiing nganh nghe lam ra mat hang nhieu k h i nang canh tranh tren cic thi trUdng, ldi cud'n cic nganh hutu quan cimg
phat trien va tdn tai, phuc vu sii nghiep cdng nghiep h o i - hien dai hoi da't nUdc.
Cimg vdi chUdng trinh phat trien ket cau ha tang va cac duf an thu hiit FDI vad cac vimg mien cua Brazil, chinh sach cdng thUdng la bd phan hUu cd cua ke hoach "Nhiing Uu tien chie'n lUdc cua chinh phu" nham phat tnen ben vUng nen kinh te, tac cdng an viec lam, dn dinh xa hdi, sdm dUa da't nUdc vao hang ngii cac nen kinh te' phat trien.
Thiic thi hang ngay chinh sach cdng thUdng la nhiem vu ciia Bd P h i t trien, Cdng nghiep va Ngoai thUdng va Bd Ngdai giad. Ngdai ra, cac bang deu cd ke hoach khuyen khich kinh te de thu hiit vd'n d i u tU vao bang minh.
Hoat ddng trong gudng may thu hiit vd'n d i u tu nUdc ngoai gdm: Vu phat trien thUdng mai; Vu khuyen khich xuat khau va mang thdng tin qudc gia ve nhu cau dau tu.
2.1 Vu phdt trien thitdng mgi.
Chifc nang ciia Vu phat trien thUdng mai la xif ly giii quye't nhUng van de thUdng mai lien quan den d i u tu phdi hdp vdi cic bd nganh hiiu quan thilc hien chinh sach thu hiit FDI vac Brazil, tao mpi dieu kien thuan ldi de dan chu hca s i n xuat, phat trien cdng nghiep thUdng mai nham tieu thu he't cac mat hang dc nen kinh te nUdc minh lam ra, de duy tri cdng an viec lam. Vu gdm 4 phdng:
- Phdng thdng tin thUdng mai, lam nhiem vu thu thap cd he thdng cac tin tifc ve ngdai thUdng ciia Brazil, nghien cifu, tim kiem cac thi trudng mdi de tieu thu s i n pham, cung cap nhUng thdng tin c i n thiet cho cic nha d i u tu trong va ngoai nUdc.
- Phdng ke hoach phat trien thUdng
mai, lam nhiem vu phdi hdp vdi he
thd'ng khuyen khich dau tU va chuyen
giao cdng nghe, trd giiip ky t h u a t che m a n g t h d n g tin thUdng mai, d a m bao q u a n he q u a lai giiia cac d o a n h nghiep n h a nUdc va cac d o a n h n g h i e p t u n h a n , giai quyet cac va'n de h a n h chinh va dao tao n h a n liic.
- P h d n g n g h i e p vu thifdng m a i , lam n h i e m vu td chifc hdi n g h i thu'dng mai, hdi t h a o , cac cuoc t i e p xiic giiia cac d c a n h n h a n t r d n g va ngdai nifdc. P h d n g cdn cd n h i e m vu giiip dd cdc n h a d i u tif v i cac n h a n h a p k h a u h a n g b o a B r a z i l t r o n g nhUng l i n hp v i e n g t h a m v i t h a m q u a n t h i trUdng B r a z i l . . .
- Phdng du lich va hd trd thUdng mai, lam n h i e m vu bao d a m cho cac m a t h a n g Brazil dUdc t h a m gia cac hdi chd, trien l a m tdng hdp h a y chuyen n g a n h d nifdc ngoai, phdi hdp vdi sif qudn va l a n h sii q u i n Brazil d nUdc n g o i i de q u a n g ba va p h i t t r i e n n g a n h du lich nifdc m i n h , Neu ke c i c i c van phdng dai dien d c i c sif q u a n v i lanh sii q u a n Brazil d nUdc ngdai, thi tdng sd' phdng cua Vu p h d t t r i e n thUdng mai la t r e n 150 phdng,
Nhiem vu chu yeu ciia p h d n g la thiic hien cdng tac cua "He thd'ng k h u y e n khich d i u tU va c h u y e n giad cdng nghe". He thd'ng n a y cd m a n g ludi gdm 55 cd q u a n l a m n h i e m vu xac dinh, t h u t h a p cac n h u c i u d i u tU d k h i p cac viing mien cua d a t nUdc, rdi thdng tin q u a n g ba cac n h u cau n a y t r e n cac phUdng tien t h d n g tin dai chiing n h a m cung ca'p cac n h u cau dii an d i u t u cho c i c n h a d i u t u t r o n g nifdc va nUdc ngoai.
De tiep can dUdc cac ngudn t h d n g tin, cac cdng ty, n h a d i u t u p h a i ndi m a n g "Brazil t r a d e net" v i l a m t h e e n h u n g yeu c i u , chi d i n t r e n m a n g .
2.2. Vu khuyen khich xudt khdu.
Thdng thifdng, h a n g h o i l a m r a tieu t h u difdc t r e n cac t h i trUdng
chifng td h a n g h o a dd cd n h i e u k h a n a n g c a n h t r a n h vdi cac m a t h a n g cimg loai. Dd la mot t r o n g n h i i n g ly do de cac n h a d a u tU q u a n t a m de'n nUdc s a n xua't cac m a t h a n g cd k h i n a n g c a n h t r a n h t r e n t h i trUdng. Do vay de q u i n g h i s i n p h a m cua m i n h t r e n c i c thi trUdng, Brazil da t h a n h lap Vu k h u y e n k h i c h xua't k h a u n h a m t h u hiit sii c h u y cua cac n h a d i u tU nUdc n g o i i vao n e n k i n h te nUdc m i n h . Tien t h a n cua Vu la dai ly xua't k h a u , t h a n h lap n a m 1997 t h e o chi t h i cua tdng thd'ng va la t h a n h vien cua Vu hd trd d o a n h n g h i e p n h d va viia. T h a n g 2/2003, dai ly n a y dUdc t a c h t h a n h ddn vi doc l a p , lay t e n la Vu k h u y e n k h i c h x u a t k h a u .
Theo quy che mdi, chiic n a n g cua Vu la phdi hdp thufc h i e n c h i n h sach cua Bo ThUdng mai, t r o n g dd, cd n h i e m vu day m a n h t i e n t r i n h dUa cac cdng ty, d o a n h n g h i e p Brazil hpi n h a p k i n h te t o a n cau, da d a n g hoa cac m a t h a n g xua't k h a u , n h a m t a n g n h a n h t d n g k i m n g a c h xua't k h a u , duy t r i cac t h i trUdng t r u y e n thd'ng va t i m k i e m t h i trUdng m d i . . . Bien p h a p de thiic h i e n cac m u c t i e u n a y la: xac d i n h n h i i n g Uu t i e n cu t h e va tiem n a n g s i n x u a t t h e o v i m g mien; h e trd cac hiep hdi cdng n g h i e p - thUdng mai theo yeu cau c u a ho; t i m kiem thi trUdng ( m a r k e t t i n g ) , t h i e t lap va p h a t t r i e n q u a n h e vdi cac ddi t i c nUdc ngoai, d a m bao cho cac d o a n h nghiep Brazil tie'p c a n dUdc cac t h i trUdng t h e gidi, td chifc cac budi giad lUu, tiep xiic giuta cac d o a n h n g h i e p Brazil va d o a n h n g h i e p n h a p h a n g Brazil, td chifc cdc hoi n g h i , hdi t h a o , c i c cudc d a m p h a n va cac hoi chd t r i e n lam qudc te d a t d nUdc m i n h .
T r o n g cdng t a c cua m i n h , Vu k h u y e n k h i c h x u a t k h a u ludn ludn phdi hdp c h a t che vdi cac cd q u a n
quyen liic n h a nUdc vdi Hiep hdi cac doanh nghiep, c i c h a n g qud'c te k h u y e n khich xua't k h a u va dUdc sii giiip dd tich ciic cua sif q u a n , l a n h sii quan Brazil d nUdc ngoai.
Trong thdi gian 2003-2004, Vu da c i i td cd ca'u be m i y q u a n ly ciia minh, che p h e p md rdng quy md h d a t ddng d trdng va ngoai nUdc b a n g each hien dai hoa he thd'ng ke hoach hod, quan ly chien lUdc, ap d u n g cac phUdng tien t h d n g tin, vien t h d n g mdi nha't... T h a n h p h i n be m a y q u a n ly cua Vu gdm: Vu q u a n tri, Hdi ddng giam sat va Uy b a n kiem t d i n , difng d i u la g i i m dd'c dieu h a n h , thudc quyen dieu h a n h cua giam dd'c la Vu tai vu q u i n tri va Vu hd trd ky t h u a t .
Thed t i n h "hinh n a m 2006, Vu khuyen khich x u a t k h a u q u a n ly 200 du an cua cac d c a n h nghiep va Hiep hdi thUdng mai, dai dien chd 52 n g a n h nghe cua Brazil. Cac dii a n nay d a n g dUdc thufc hien d 270 t i n h , t h a n h phd' va d 54 nUdc dUdi sii b i o trd cua Vu.
Vu da hd trd 8196 d d a n h nghiep nhd va vifa t h a m gia hdi chd t r i e n l a m qud'c gia va qud'c te. Tai day, cac doanh nghiep da ky dUdc n h i e u hdp ddng tieu t h u h a n g h o i va dich vu tri g i i len tdi 12 ty U S D .
Cdc chdc ndng chu yeu cua Vu Id:
- Lap cac dii an k h u y e n khich x u a t khau, ke ca p h a n tich va d a n h gia k h a n a n g thiic t h i ciia n g a n h nghe.
- D a m n h a n cac h o a t ddng qud'c te, lam nhiem vu td chifc cac hdi nghi, hdi thao va hdi chd t r i e n l a m qud'c te, tim kiem cac del tdc va hdp ddng mdi d nUdc ngcai.
- Q u i n ly cac k h o h a n g xua't k h a u , lam nhiem vu td chifc, phdi hdp h d a t ddng giuta cac k h o h a n g xua't k h a u trong va ngoai nUdc, n h a m lam cho h a h g hoa Brazil ludn dUdc b i d q u i n trdng mdi trUdng tdt n h a t , an toan
nha't de giam chi p h i luu kho, lUu bai, tao dieu kien cho h a n g hoa Brazil k h d n g nhiing cd k h a n a n g canh t r a n h sdng p h a n g ve m a t cha't lUdng ma cdn t r d n g sang, Idnh m a n h ve g i i c i so vdi cac m a t h i n g ciing loai cua c i c nUdc k h i c t r e n t h i trUdng md - thi trudng dUdc dieu h d n h va q u i n ly b i n g phap l u a t qud'c te - p h a p l u a t cua WTO.
- D a m b i d cac t h d n g tin x u a t k h a u , lam^ n h i e m vu t h u t h a p va p h a n tich t r i e n vpng cac t h i trUdng t r d n g tUdng lai va k h i n a n g bie'n ddng cua cac t h i trUdng, gia c i b i n h q u a n , ngUdi m u a , ngUdi b i n , cac n h a c a n h t r a n h , t h u e ' q u a n ; tim kiem cac t h i t r u d n g mdi, n h i i n g d c a n h nghiep cd n h i e u k h a n a n g m u a h a n g Brazil t r o n g tUdng l a i . . .
- Ve d i u tu, lam n h i e m vu t h u hiit FDI vae Brazil, tim hieu cac ddi tac Uu tien cua Vu k h u y e n khich d i u t u - dd la cac doanh nghiep s i n xuat cdng nghiep h a y cdc cdng ty dich vu.
N a m 2004, t r o n g p h a m vi t h d m quyen cua m i n h , Vu k h u y e n khich xua't k h a u da t h a n h lap phdng thu h u t vd'n d i u tU nUdc n g o i i , n h a m sif d u n g k i n h n g h i e m cua Vu, hd trd cho cac d o a n h nghiep nhd vd viia t h u h u t FDI. Trong h o a t ddng bdng ngay, phdng ludn t h a m gia thiic hien c i c bien p h i p k h u y e n khich d i u tU va xua't k h i u cua Vu chu q u i n , ciing nhU hdp t i c c h a t che vdi cdc dinh che tai chinh, n g a n h a n g p h a t trien, quy d i u t u va t h a m gia vae c i c chifdng t r i n h p h i t t r i e n chuyen n g a n h .
Nhiing ddi t i c chii yeu ciia Vu k h u y e n khich xua't k h i u hien nay la:
N g a n h a n g ' Brazil (ngan h a n g chinh p h u l a m n h i e m vu cho vay, ke ca tai s i n cd' dinh va vd'n lUu ddng); Ngdn h a n g p h a t t r i e n k i n h te - xa hdi qudc gia ldm n h i e m vu cho cac chifdng t r i n h d i u t u d cac vimg sdu, viing xa
vay tien p h a t t n e n k m h te; N g a n h a n g Ddng Bdc - n g a n h a n g da n a n g cho vay p h a t t r i e n viing Ddng Bae td qudc: Quy p h a t t r i e n Ddng Bdc l a m nhiem vu d i u tU cho cac b a n g cua vimg; N g a n h a n g A m a z o n la dai dien tai chinh ciia n h a nifdc d viing ndy, lam nhiem vu phdi hdp thilc thi cac dii dn du'dc duyet (tren 60°o lu'dng tin dung t r o n g v u n g do n g a n h a n g Amazon g i i i n g a n ) .
Trong boat ddng cua m i n h . phdng ddu t u nu'dc ngoai ludn phdi hdp vdi cic cd q u a n chinh quyen. cac lien m m h cdng nghiep va cdc hiep hdi thu'dng mai n h a m hd trd ve m a t td chiic vd h a n h chinh cho c i c n h a d i u t u nu'dc ngodi. Ddi tdc chii ye'u l a m an vdi cdc n h a d i u t u nUdc ngcai d ddy la Hdi nghi cdng nghiep qud'c gia vd Hiep hdi t h u d n g mai qud'c gia.
2.3 Mgng thong tin qudc gia ve nhu cdu ddu tit.
De cac nhd d a u t u t r o n g nu'dc vd nUdc ngodi tiep can du'dc c i c dii i n dau tu. Brazil td chute m a n g t h d n g t m qudc gia ve cdc n h u c i u d i u tu. Day la m a n g thdng tin n h i e u be n g d n h t h a m gia nhu: Bd P h i t t r i e n Cdng nghiep vd Ngoai thUdng. cac cd q u a n dia phudng t h u hiit vd'n d i u t u nUdc ngodi va dai dien gidi d o a n h nghiep Brazil.
M a n g ldm n h i e m vu t a p hop ta't ca cac ngudn thdng tin lien q u a n den v a n de thu hiit vd'n FDI vdo Brazil, n h i m cung cap kip thdi day du n h u n g t h d n g tin can cho cac nhd d i u t u tiem n a n g . cho cac cd q u a n chinh quyen cac cap va cac h a n g t h d n g td'n qud'c te.
Ngoai cac t h d n g t m ve cdc dii an dau tu. Brazil cdn td chifc m a n g t h d n g t m ve tin dung, uu ddi t h u e cho cac du an dau tU. ve t i e m n a n g k i n h te cua cac viing mien cac b a n g va cac khu dd chinh. ve cd cau bd may thiic thi Luat d i u t u qud'c gia. Du kien s i p
tdi se t h d n h lap m a n g t h d n g t i n t a p hdp cac n h u cau d i u t u va cac v a n b i n p h a p qu\' lien q u a n den c i c n h u cdu nd}' de t i e n cho cac n h a d a u tU q u a n t a m den Brazil.
3 . N h i i n g b i e n p h a p t h u h u t v o n d a u tu", d o i m d i c o n g n g h e .
O Brazil, p h a p l u a t giao cho cac b a n g cd n h i e u q u y e n h a n t r o n g \dec thilc t h i c h i n h sach k i n h te' ndi chung, chinh sach t h u hiit vd'n ddu tU. ke ca ciia nu'dc ngoai ndi rieng. T h e e L u a t ddu t u h i e n h a n h , vd'n nUd'c ngcai hdat ddng d Brazil p h a i dUdc xac dinh d l u a t p h a p lien b a n g . nhUng lai che p h e p c i c b a n g , tiiy t h e o n h u c i u d i u t u va k h a n a n g n g a n sach cua b a n g m a cd t h e m i e n giam t h u e ' cho vd'n d i u t u vdd b a n g m i n h t r d n g thdi gian ndo dd. Giai p h a p n a y ciing dUdc dp d u n g d cac v i m g k i n h te c h a m p h i t t r i e n . t r o n g dd. cd v u n g Ddng B i c . nhd vay. von nu'dc ngoai dd vdo day ngay cang n h i e u .
Dac biet. mdt s o ' b a n g chd p h e p cac n h a d i u t u h a y ngu'di thif ba tii de x u a t cac du a n d a u tU. ne'u dii an cu t h e nao dd du'dc c h i n h q u y e n b a n g cha'p n h a n , p h e c h u a n t h i n h a d i u tU lap dil an dd se dUdc h u d n g cac Uu dai sau: Dudc quy ddu tif p h a t t r i e n viing tai trd. dUdc m i e n giam t h u e t h u n h a p . dUdc Uu dai ve t h u e gia tri gia t a n g , t h u e n h a p k h a u cac m a t h a n g phuc vu dii an: dUdc c h i n h quyen b a n g va cac k h u dd c h i n h giiip dd.
h o a n n g h e n h .
Ddi vdi cac dii dn n a m d cac \ding k h d n g s i n xua't dUdc cac m a t h a n g phuc vu dii an. t h i cac m a t h a n g n h a p ndi phuc vu dii a n dUdc midn t h u e .
Ddi vdi cdng ty cd chi n h a n h h a y cdng ty con h o a t dong d k h u che xua't
"Manaos". ne'u n h a p v a t t u vao day dd tieu dimg, gia cdng che bien, h a y t a m
bao q u i n , nol lai xud't k h a u , thi vat tU se dUdc Uu dai ve t h u e n h a p k h a u ,
L u a t d a u t u lien b a n g chd phep cac n h a d i u t u l i p h a p n h a n tiiy y liia chpn mdt t r o n g h a i phUdng a n sau:
hdac nop t h u e ldi n h u a n cho lien bang, hoac dimg t h u e ldi n h u a n m u a cd phieu ciia quy d a u t u p h a t trien vimg Ddng Bae, s a u dd cd p h i e u dUdc h o i n ddi lay cd p h i e u cua doanh nghiep khac h o a t ddng t r o n g vimg, Neu mdt h a y mdt n h d m p h i p n h a n boat ddng ddn le (dpc lap) h a y boat ddng t a p t h e , chiu sii kiem scat cua cdng ty ndm d viing l a n h thd thudc quyen chi phdi cua cd q u a n p h a t t r i e n vimg (dia phUdng) t h i cdc phdp n h a n nay dUdc hUdng cac Uu dai ve t h u e ldi n h u a n d i u tU vau cdng ty vimg nay.
Quy che nay ciing dUdc ap d u n g d cac bang vimg Amazon.
Ciing n h u Mexico, Brazil d a n g phan da'u h e t m i n h de cd t h e dUdc xep vdd h a n g ngii c i c n e n k i n h te p h a t trien. Do vay, Brazil cd chUdng t r i n h khuyen khich c i c cdng ty, doanh nghiep ddi mdi cong t i c td chifc q u a n ly s i n xuat, n h a t la ddi mdi cong nghe vifa de ddi mdi kieu ddng, m a u ma s i n p h a m viia n a n g cao n a n g sua't lao ddng, h a gia t h a n h s i n p h d m , l a m cho s i n p h a m h a n g boa Brazil du k h a nang c a n h t r a n h dUdc vdi cac m a t h a n g cimg loai t r e n t h i trUdng md cua the gidi.
De phuc vu chUdng t r i n h nay, N g a n hdng p h a t t r i e n k i n h te - xa hdi qud'c gia cc ke beach che vay Uu dai del vdi cac k h o i n tin d u n g t h u e m u a h i i y
mdc t h i e t bi de ddi mdi cdng nghe, ddi mdi quy t r i n h s i n xud't. Dac biet, nhUng m i y mdc, thiet hi, vat t u h a n g hoa n h a p ndi phuc vu nghien cifu khoa hpc, ddi mdi cdng nghe phuc vu nghien cifu vd p h a t trien (R & D), dUdc mien t h u e gia tri gia t a n g n h a p ndi. Cdn chi phi m u a sdm cac vat t u thi dUdc kha'u had n h a n h h a n g nam vdi dieu kien cdc k h o i n chi p h i i ghi v i e bao cac tai chinh h a n g nam cua ddn vi diing nhU L u a t ke' t o i n qud'c gia quy dinh. T h u n h a p ve thifdng mai hda s i n p h a m k h o a hpc (tien b i n p h i t m i n h s i n g che, t h u n h a p chuyen giao cdng nghe, phuc vu ky t h u a t . . . ) dUdc mien g i i m t h u e ' t h e e l u a t dinh.
•Muc dich la n h a m n a n g cao k h i n a n g ddi mdi cdng nghe. k h i n a n g s i n xud't cac m a t h a n g mdi, chd't lUdng td't, kieu ddng m a u ma dep, gia t h a n h h a se lam t a n g k h a n a n g canh t r a n h t r e n c i c thi trUdng. Mdt khi h d n g h d i l a m r a b a n dUdc het, t h u n h a p se cac, do vay t h u hiit dUdc cac n h a d i u tU nUdc ngcdi bd FDI vad nen k i n h te Brazil, hUdng ldi, ddi ben cimg cd ldi. Ldi nhd't ddi vdi ngUdi n h a n vd'n d i u t u la viia khdng p h i i vay tien chiu lai, vifa t a c t h e m cdng dn viec lam, t a n g t h u n h a p cho nen kinh te, cho ngUdi lad ddng, dn dinh xd hdi. Dd la chUa ke di ddi vdi FDI Id chuyen giao cdng n g h e ky t h u a t mdi vd bi quyet q u a n ly k i n h te •
N g u o n : Biki: 102/06; 32/84/07; 86s' 87/08 va My Latinh so 2/2009.
