KINH TE - XA HOI
QUAN HE KINH TE VIET NAM - HOA KY TRONG BOI CANH mdi
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if6c vao the ky XXI, quan he kinh te Viet Nam - Hoa Ky da thiic Sli chuyen sang mot giai doan mdi, v6i boi anh m6i. Viet Nam da dat difdc nhiing t h a n h tiiu to ldn trong Sli nghiep ddi m6i kinh te, cai each h a n h chi'nh va md rong c6 hieu qua cac moi quan he quoc te. Ben canh do, Hiep dinh ThUcing mai song phUdng Viet Nam - Hoa Ky difdc ky ke't vao thang 7 nam 2000 va co hieu liic tii thang 12 nam- 2001, cung vdi chuyen tham cua Tdng tho'ng Bill Clinton, vi Tong tho'ng My dau tien de'n t h a m Viet Nam ke tii sau khi ket thiic chien t r a n h , chinh la nhiing sii kien quan trong khdi dau cho mot thdi ky mdi trong quan he hdp tac kinh te giiia Viet Nam va Hoa Ky trong the ky XXI.1. T i n h l i e n t u c t r o n g q u a n he Viet N a m - Hoa Ky
Quan he Viet - My da p h a t trien r a t n h a n h chdng ke tif khi hai nifdc noi lai quan he tii n a m 1995. Nen tang cho moi quan he kinh te giiia hai nifdc la Hiep dinh Thifdng mai Viet - My, difOc ky ke't vao t h a n g 7/2000 va b i t dau cd hieu liic tif t h a n g 12/2001. Tren thiic te, moi quan he giiia hai nifdc v i n cdn r a t nhieu tiem n a n g de c6 the tie'p tuc phat trien ngay cang sau rpng. Chinh vi vay, ngay 22/6/2007, Viet Nam va My da cung n h a u ky ket Hiep dinh khung ve thifdng mai va dau tif, day la
Nguyen Ngoc Manh Vien Nghien ciCu Chdu My mot budc logic tiep theo trong viec thiic day sau sac hdn moi quan he giiia hai nUdc. Hiep dinh se md rong kha nang hdp tac giiia hai nUdc thdng qua viec xda bd tinh t r a n g phan biet doi xif trong quy che ddi xii quo'c gia giiia hai nUdc, dac biet trong cac linh viic chu chdt cua nen kinh te nhU vien thong, dich vu tai chinh, phan pbdi h a n g boa...
Hien nay, quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky tren t a t ca Imh viic dang phat trien bet siic t h u a n ldi. Ve kinh te, kim ngaeh thifdng mai hai chieu giiia hai nUdc da t a n g binh quan khoang 30%/nam, ke tii khi Hiep dinh Thifdng mai hai nifdc difdc ky ke't. Dang chii y, ngay 31/5/2006, hai nUdc da chinh thiic ky ke't thoa t h u a n ke't thiic dam phan song phifdng ve viec Viet Nam gia nhap WTO. Tiep dd, t h i n g 12/2006, Tong thd'ng George W. Bush da ky ban h a n h luat ap dung quy che Quan he ThUdng mai Binh thifdng Vinh v i i n (PNTR) vdi Viet Nam. Ne'u nhif nam 1992, chUa cd mat hang nao ciia Viet Nam cd the tham nhap thi trUdng Hoa Ky thi rieng nam 2008, kim ngaeh thifdng mai giiia hai nifdc dat 15,283 ty USD, tang 23,61% so vdi nam 2007, trong dd Viet Nam xua't sang My dat 12,610 ty USD, tang 19,60% so vdi nam trUdc va My xua't k h a u sang Viet Nam dat 2,673 ty USD, tang 46,60% so vdi nam 2007.
Tinh de'n bet nam 2008, hien cd 428 dii an dau tif cua My dang boat dong tai
Viet Nam vdi tdng so vo'n la 4,2 ty USD, va My trci t h a n h n h a dau tu: \bn thii 12 tai Viet N a m .
Trong n a m 2008, co r a t nhieu q u a n chiic cap cao ciing vdi cac n h a doanh nghiep cua My de'n t h a m Viet Nam, dieu nay cho tha'y moi q u a n t a m ngay cang ldn cua My doi vdi Viet N a m . Ben canh dd, tie'n t r i n h dam p h a n Hiep dinh dau tif Viet - My difdc khdi dong vao t h a n g 12/2008, cung vdi nhiing cam ke't tie'p tuc ho trd p h a t trien cho Viet Nam cua My, dang la nhiing n h a n to' mdi thiic day sii p h a t trien trong tie'n trinh quan he kinh te Viet - My
Dau n a m 2008, mot doan gom 13 nghi sy My cua ca hai dang Dan chu va Cong hoa do Nghi sy Steny Hoyer d i n dau da sang t h a m va lam viec tai Viet Nam. Tai cac cuoc gap, Nghi sy Steny Hoyer danh gia q u a n he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky trong vdng hdn 3 t h a p ky qua da cd Sli thay doi ro r a n g va tich ciic.
Va hien nay. My xem Viet Nam la mot doi tac thifdng mai tich ciic, mot ngudi ban tich ciic, dac biet trong no liic tim kiem quan n h a n m a t tich trong chie'n t r a n h . Ong Steny Hoyer ciing nha'n m a n h quan diem My se tiep tuc ho trd Viet Nam trong p h a t trien kinh te, phdng cho'ng HIV/AIDS va cung cap thong tin ve q u a n n h a n m a t tich. Nghi sy Roy Blunt trong doan ciing cho r i n g , doi vdi My, Viet N a m la ndi cd the mang lai nhieu cd hoi k i n h doanh to't cho cac doanh nghiep Hoa Ky. Viet Nam da cd nhiing t h a p ky p h a t trien an tUdng, va dang dan trd t h a n h mot nUdc cd vai trd quan trong t r e n trUdng quo'c te. Phia My ciing hy vong Viet Nam se tiep tuc p h a t trien va hoi n h a p sau rong vdi the gidi.
Tie'p dd trong t h a n g 3/2008 Trd ly Tdng thong kiem Phd Co' van an ninh qud'c gia My ve van de kinh te Daniel M. Price ciing da cd chuyen t h a m tdi Ha Noi n h i m thao luan vdi cac quan
chiic cao cap cua Viet N a m ve moi q u a n he hdp tac k i n h te, d a u t u giiia hai ben.
Chuyen di cua ong de'n Viet Nam lan nay cd ba muc dich chinh la: Nha'n m a n h t a m q u a n trong cua moi quan he Viet - My; Thao l u a n vdi Viet N a m ve cam ket ciia chinh phii My trong viec tiep tuc hdp tac vdi Viet N a m n h a m thuc day q u a n he h a i nUdc sau s i c hdn, ciing n h u trd giup Viet N a m trong qua t r i n h hoi n h a p k i n h te quo'c te; The hien sii q u a n t a m doi vdi cac nUdc ASEAN va cam ket ddng mot vai trd chu dao ddi vdi sii p h a t trien kinh te trong k h u vUc.
Trong t h a n g 6/2008, Thii trUdng Bo ThUdng mai kiem Cue trUdng phu t r a e h cong tac xiic tie'n thUdng mai Hoa Ky Israel H e r n a n d e z cung nhieu nha doanh nghiep h a n g dau ciia Hoa Ky, da sang Viet N a m tim hieu cd hdi dau t u tai Viet N a m . Thii t r u d n g Israel H e r n a n d e z cho biet: Cac n h a doanh nghiep trong doan r a t a n tUdng vdi sU p h a t trien k i n h te ciia Viet Nam, ho muo'n de'n Viet N a m de cd cai nhin nghiem tiic, ddng thdi tim hieu ve trien vong lam a n lau dai trong tUdng lai.
Ben canh dd, dai dien cac cdng ty ciing r a t q u a n t a m de'n v a n de p h a p luat va tinh m i n h bach de xem cac tai san cua ho dUdc bao ve n h u t h e nao d Viet Nam.
Cac chuyen t h a m n a y cdn la cd hoi de q u a n chiic cap cao cua cac doanh nghiep trong cac n g a n h che tao, khai khoang, y te, d'u lich, giao thdng van tai, v i n thdng, giao due, mdi trUdng,...
tim hieu.cd hdi md rdng k i n h doanh tai Viet N a m .
Nhiing chuyen t h a m Viet Nam ciia cac P h a i doan Hoa Ky trong nam 2008, la ke't qua trUc tie'p tif cam ket cua Td'ng thd'ng George W. Bush ddi vdi viec thiic day t a n g trUdng k i n h te va tao t h e m viec l a m t h d n g qua p h a t trien thUdng mai. Day ciing la sii tie'p ndi va cu t h e hda ciia chuyen t h a m Viet Nam
vao t h a n g 11/2007 ciia Bd trUdng ThUdng mai Carlos M. Gutierrez.
^ Cd the ndi, tiem n a n g thUdng mai va dau t u hai nUdc cdn r a t ldn va can dUdc thiic day hdn niia, dd ciing la thdng diep cua Thu tudng Viet Nam trong chuyen t h a m chi'nh thUc Hoa Ky vao t h a n g 6/2008 va cung la quye't tam cua lanh dao va doanh n h a n Hoa Ky trong cac chuyen t h a m Viet Nam. Dai dien cac doanh nghiep Hoa Ky da bay to mong mud'n Chinh phii Viet Nam tie'p tuc day m a n h cac bien phap cai thien mdi trUdng kinh doanh va khuyen khich dau tU nUdc ngoai, n h a t la cac h n h viic cd the m a n h cua Hoa Ky, nhu xay diing ket ca'u ha tang, dau khi, nang lUdng, cdng nghe cao, giao due va truyen thdng.
2. N h i J n g n h a n t o m d i
' Viec^ t h i n g cii cua dng Obama trong cude bau cii Td'ng thd'ng viia qua d My cung vdi tinh t r a n g suy thoai ciia nen kinh te My da lam nay sinh mdt sd nhan to' mdi tac ddng de'n tie'n trinh quan he Viet - My. Dd la quan diem cua Chinh quyen mdi ddi vdi quan he Viet - My n h u the nao, cd thay ddi gi khdng;
va tinh t r a n g suy thoai ciia nen kinh te My tac ddng nhU the nao ddi vdi tie'n trinh nay. Cd the n h a n thay mot so' van de ndi bat sau:
Thii nhdt, sau thdi gian hinh thanh, bp may chinh quyen mdi ciing cac chinh sach thUdng mai qud'c te mdi cua Hoa Ky dudi thdi Tdng thd'ng Obama ciing da dinh hinh. Sii thay ddi ve cbinb sach dat ra nhieu van de can lUu t a m ddi vdi mpt nUdc dang cd quan he thUdng mai chat che vdi Hoa Ky n h u Viet Nam.
Trong bdi canh k h u n g hoang tai chinh - tien te cua Hoa Ky ndi rieng va the gidi ndi chung, hien chinh quyen Obama chii yeu tap t r u n g giai quyet nhUng he luy kinh hoang cua cupc khiing hoang dang gay sdng gid trong nen kinh te Hoa Ky, do dd cac boat ddng tang cUdng giao thUdng qud'c te' se it dUdc
chii trpng. Tuy nhien, Qud'c hdi Hoa Ky va Chinh quyen cua dng Obama van se cd nhiing quan t a m nha't dinh ddi vdi cac van de thUdng mai qud'c te theo khuynh hudng lat lai nhiing van de gay bat ldi cho Hoa Ky. Theo dd, chinh sach thUdng mai tie'p tuc la chia khda cua nen kinh te', se khdng cd hiep dinh thUdng mai nao vdi Hoa Ky la hoan toan bat ldi hay cd ldi; viec thiic thi cac chinh sach thUdng mai, cac hiep dinh va cac quy tac thUdng mai se dUdc chii trpng nhieu hdn; chUdng trinh Uu dai thue quan phd cap (GSP) se dUdc tie'p tuc vdi mdt so' dieu chinh n h a t dinh;
dam phan cac FTA se dUdc hoan tat;
ngoai ra se cd them nhieu sang kien mdi ve chinh sach thUdng mai.
Thii hai, cd nhUng so sanh ve Chinh phu My thudc dang Dan chu hay dang Cdng boa ve chi'nh sach thUdng mai qud'c te. Vi r i n g , trong Hnh vUc thUdng mai qud'c te, cac nghi si dang Dan chu thudng mang quan diem bao hd, trong khi Cdng hda lai nha'n m a n h thi trUdng tii do va toan cau hda. Ngoai ra, viec ba Hillary Chnton dUdc bd nhiem lam Ngoai trudng My, ciing cd the se dUa den mdt cbinh sach ngoai giao mdi trong quan he vdi Viet Nam. Bdi vi, theo truyen thd'ng, dang Dan chii it quan tam hdn de'n tii do tdn giao, n h u n g lai lo l i n g hdn ve nhUng van de nhan quyen phi tdn giao. Vi the, s i p tdi, nhiing van de n h a n quyen n i m ngoai tdn giao cd the gap nhieu y kien hdn t u dang Dan chii. Tuy nhien, viec Chinh phu My bd nhiem dng Kurt Campbell lam Trd ly Ngoai trUdng ve Ddng A va Thai Binh Dudng, dUdc danh gia la n h a n vat iing hd cho quan he Viet - My, bdi vi Ong Campbell la ngudi "dUdc biet tdi d Viet Nam, va ciing biet rd Viet Nam", dieu nay se la nhUng t h u a n ldi cho viec phat trien quan he Viet - My.
Thii ba, Chinh quyen Obama td ra ung hd viec tao cdng an viec lam cho ngudi My, bao ve cdng an viec lam cua
ngudi My. Dieu nay se a n h h u d n g de'n nhiing nUdc xua't k h a u nhieu sang My, trong dd cd Viet N a m . Ve ly thuye't kinh te vi md, khi cau giam xud'ng va thi trUdng xua't k h a u gap v a n de thi xua't k h a u se hi suy giam. Xet ve nguyen tac chung, h a n g xua't k h a u cua Viet Nam sang My se chiu tac ddng tieu ciic. Tuy nhien, cd nhiing ye'u to' cd the giiip giam thieu tac ddng ddi vdi xua't k h a u Viet N a m sang My so vdi cac nUdc kbac. Chang b a n n h u nhiing h a n g phan phdi d My cd the se n h a p k h a u nhUng loai h a n g hda cd gia tri t r u n g binh de dap iing cho viec cat giam chi tieu cua ngudi dan My. Vi the, dieu nay cd the se la n h a n td' iing hd cho h a n g xua't k h a u cua Viet N a m . Ngoai ra, Viet Nam cung la nUdc xua't k h a u nhieu h a n g thiic p h a m va loai h a n g hda nay It bi anh hudng khi cau tieu diing giam xud'ng n h u cac h a n g hda kbac. Vi vay, mac dii ly thuye't kinh te ndi chung cho la xua't k h a u se giam khi cau cua thi trUdng n h a p k h a u giam, nhUng vdi trUdng hdp ciia Viet N a m thi cd the nhUng yeu td' t r e n se lam giam thieu nhUng tac ddng dd.
Hien tai, cd t h e n h i n tha'y sii dan xen giiia nhUng ye'u to' ticb ciic va tieu ciic trong biic t r a n h q u a n he k i n h te Viet - My. Mdt so' cdng ty My de'n Viet N a m dau t u cho r i n g , can p h a i dinh lai de xem a n h hUdng ciia cupc khiing hoang tac ddng den miic nao. Trong khi dd, mdt sd' doan thUdng mai cua My vao Viet N a m lai r a t h a i long vdi trien vpng k i n h te cua Viet N a m , va hp mong mud'n dUpc d a u tU t a i Viet N a m . Vi vay, can p h a i t i n h den nhUng n h a n td' mdi cd t h e se tac dpng den q u a n he k i n h te Viet N a m - Hoa Ky trong tUdng lai.
3. Nhufng v a n d e c a n lifu y t r o n g q u a n h e k i n h t e V i e t Nan> - H o a Ky
Trong n h i e u n a m qua, Hoa Ky ludn la thi t r u d n g xua't k h a u ldn cua Viet Nam vdi tdng kim ngaeh thUdng mai
h a i chieu tii n a m 2005-2008 t a n g 7,7 ty USD len 15,283 ty U S D , kim ngaeh xua't k h a u ciia Viet N a m vao My n a m 2008 d a t 12,5 ty U S D , t a n g 22% so vdi n a m 2007. N h i i n g t h a y ddi t r o n g c h i n h sach thUdng m a i Hoa Ky dUdc du bao n h u t r e n chac e h a n se cd tac ddng m a n h me den n e n k i n h te Viet N a m . C h i n h vi vay, Viet N a m can cd nhUng dieu c h i n h kip thdi de cd the b a t n h i p vdi sii v a n ddng cua nen k i n h te Hoa Ky.
Trong budi tpa d a m gidi thieu cbinh sach thUdng mai mdi ciia My va cac khuye'n nghi ddi vdi Viet N a m tai t h a n h pho Hd Chi M i n h ngay 4/3/2009, dng J a y L. E i z e n s t a t , chuyen gia cao cap ve thUdng m a i ciia h a n g l u a t Miller
& Chevalier C h a r t e r e d , da canh bao ve k h a n a n g cd nhiing t h a y ddi trong chinh sach ddi vdi h a n g det may. Ddng thdi, cbinh quyen O b a m a cd t h e thdng qua hiep dinh hdp tac k i n h te chie'n lUdc xuyen T h a i Binh DUdng. Day dupc xem la chia k h d a giiip Ddng Nam A t a n g cudng tie'p can thi trUdng My, va se la n e n t a n g cho hiep dinh thUdng mai t u do v u n g C h a u A - Thai Binh Dudng. Ben c a n h dd. My se tiep tuc ap d u n g L u a t Cai t h i e n An toan San p h a m Tieu d u n g n a m 2008, n h i m ddi phd vdi cupc khiing h o a n g tieu dung, trong dd cd t h e dUa r a nhiing b a n che ve iUdng chi t r o n g cac s a n p h a m d a n h cho t r e em.
Ta't ca cac c b i n h sach t r e n deu lien q u a n de'n thUdng m a i giiia Viet Nam va My. H i e n t a i , Viet N a m d a n g nop ddn xin hUdng quy che Uu dai t h u e q u a n phd cap (GSP). Cudi n a m 2009, My se xem xet lai quy che nay. Neu dupc t h d n g q u a , day la cd hdi cho h a n g Viet N a m t a n g sifc c a n h t r a n h vdi n h i e u loai h a n g hda k h a e t a i My.
Tuy n h i e n , G S P k h d n g bao triim n g a n h det m a y va giay da.
Mdt diem d a n g lUu y la, tii ngay 1/1/2009, che' dp h a n n g a e h cua My
ddi vdi h a n g det may T r u n g Qud'c da cha'm djit. Tuy nhien, det may T r u n g Qude v i n la mdi q u a n ngai ldn ddi vdi n g a n h san xua't ndi dia My. Muc tieu chii ye'u t r o n g cac l u a t hoat ddng thUdng mai My s i p tdi la n h i m vao h a n g T r u n g Qud'c, nhUng dieu nay khdng cd nghia la Viet Nam dUdc quyen Id la va chu q u a n .
Trong dieu kien suy thoai kinh te tai Hoa ky hien nay, viec Hoa Ky tang cudng cac bien phap phdng ve thUdng mai, cu the la sii dung cdng cu chd'ng ban pha gia cd the khien Viet Nam hi khdi kien hay "hen ddi" trong cac vu kien chd'ng ban pha gia ciia Hoa Ky, nham bao hp nen san xua't ndi dia. Cac doanh nghiep Viet Nam thudng hi hen ddi trong cac vu kien cua My chd'ng lai hang Trung Qud'c ve thep, giay da, quan ao va do gd. C h i n g ban, vu kien tdm cua Viet Nam ciing xua't phat tii vu kien tdm ciia Trung Qud'c (khdi kien tii t h i n g 6/2003). Ngoai ra, chUdng trinh giam sat h a n g det may Viet Nam cd the se tiep tuc hi chinh quyen mdi ciia My gia ban, nhUng se cd r a t it bien phap che tai dUdc dUa ra.
Nhu vay, h a n g Viet Nam r a t de hi kien pha gia va se phai chiu miic thue nhap k h a u cao hdn. Ddi vdi Viet Nam, viec trUdc mat can lam de t r a n h hi "lien ddi" trong cac vu kien ban pha gia la Chinh phu can t r a n h trd cap triic tie'p cho hang xua't khau, ddng thdi giU gia d miic an toan khi xuat khau. Viet Nam ciing can phai cd sii chuan bi cho cac vu kien. Cu the la: thU nhdt, nganh xua't khau Viet Nam nen p h a n tich cac vu kien ban pha gia cua My ddi vdi Trung Qud'c de danh gia lai minh; thd hai, nganh cdng nghiep Viet Nam can xem lai miic trd cap cua Chi'nh phu de ap dung miic t h u e ddi khang.
Van de can thie't nha't hien nay la Viet Nam can t r a n h thu cd hdi de xin dupc hUdng l/u dai thue quan phd cap (GSP) khi xua't k h a u vao thi trUdng Hoa
Ky. Neu dUdc hudng GSP, Viet Nam se cd cd hdi ldn de t a n g kim ngaeh xuat khau, da dang hda cac chung loai hang hda, tao dUdc vi the can bang vdi cac nUdc phat trien kbac khi tie'n vao thi trUdng Hoa Ky. De t h a n h cdng, Viet Nam can nd lUc chiing minh minh thda man ta't ca cac tieu chi Hoa Ky dat ra, dac biet chu trpng de'n hai tieu chi lao ddng va sd hiiu tri tue.
Song song vdi viec xin hUdng GSP, Viet Nam nen n h a n h chdng xem xet viec t h a m gia vao Thda t h u a n Quan he Ddi tac xuyen Thai Binh Dudng (TPP) - mpt hiep dinh dUdc ky ke't vao cudi nam 2005 giUa bd'n qud'c gia Brunei, Chile, New Zealand va Singapore nham thiic day tU do hda thUdng mai va hpi nhap kinh te chau A - Thai Binh DUdng. T P P la mdt cdng cu "tieu chuan cao" thiic day canh t r a n h giUa cac qud'c gia t h a n h vien, ddng thdi giiip t a n g CUdng thUdng mai, dau tU va day m a n h phat trien kinh te k h u vUc. T P P dUdc xem n h u chia khda giiip Ddng Nam A tang cUdng tiep can thi trUdng Hoa Ky.
Tham gia vao T P P se dem lai nhieu ldi ich ddi vdi nen kinh te Viet Nam.
4. Trien v o n g q u a n h e Viet N a m - H o a K y
Cd the ndi, sii p h a t trien m a n h me va toan dien ciia q u a n he kinh te'Viet - My trong mdt t h a p ky qua la mdt t h a n h cdng d a n g ke cua ca hai nUdc.
Gid day, viec p h a t t r i e n q u a n he hdp tac Viet - My t r o n g linh vUc nao, tdi miic dp nao va t h d n g qua nhUng phUdng thiic nao la p h u thupc hoan toan vao lUa chpn chu q u a n ciia hai nudc hdn la do "di s a n cua lich sii" de lai. Dudng nhien, lua chpn hdp t i e giiia hai nUdc phai p h u hdp vdi ldi ich qud'c gia cua mdi ben. Xet t r e n goc dp nay, ca My ya Viet N a m deu cd day dii mpi ly do de lUa chpn thiic day hdp tac giiia hai nudc m a n h me va toan dien
hdn niia.
Ve chinh tri, ne'u nhU Viet N a m quan he vdi My cd y nghia quan trpng trong viec n a n g cao vi the cua minh, ciing n h u tao dieu kien t h u a n ldi cho sii nghiep p h a t trien kinh te, thi ddi vdi My, viec p h a t trien q u a n he chinh tri vdi Viet Nam ciing cd y nghia ngay cang quan trpng. Vdi mdt vi the khdng ngifng ldn m a n h t r e n trUdng qud'c te, Viet Nam xiing dang cd mdt vi tri cao hdn trong chie'n lupc cua My, dac biet la b khu vUc Chau A - Thai Binh DUdng, ndi canh t r a n h a n h hUdng giUa cac cudng qud'c dUdc dU bao se ngay cang gay g i t hdn trong tUdng lai. Chinh vi vay, quan he td't hdn vdi Viet Nam se cd ldi cho My trong viec duy tri a n h hudng cua minh d khu vUc.
Ve kinh te, mdt dieu rd r a n g la q u a n he kinh te vdi My, vdi t u each la ddi tac thUdng mai ldn nha't va n h a dau t u h a n g dau, cd vai trd q u a n trpng ddi vdi Viet Nam. Tuy nhien, Viet Nam vdi mdt nen kinh te n a n g ddng, thi trUdng ldn nhieu tiem n a n g ciing nhieu cd hdi chUa dupc khai pha, ciing can dUdc My coi la mdt ddi tac q u a n trpng ve kinh te.
Ngoai ra, viec My p h a t trien hdn nUa quan he kinh te vdi Viet Nam ciing se thiic day qua trinh p h a t trien nen kinh te thi trUdng d day. Dieu nay phii hdp vdi cbinh sach thiic day p h a t trien kinh te thi trUdng va md rdng cac gia tri tU do, dan chu cua My t r e n toan cau.
Qua p h a n tich tren, chiing ta cd the tha'y quan he Viet - My dang diing trudc nhiing cd hdi mdi de p h a t trien m a n h me va toan dien hdn nUa, bao gdm ca trong linh vUc chinh tri va kinh te. Muc tieu ma hai ben dat ra va can vUdn tdi trong tUdng lai la xay diing quan he ddi tac m a n g t i n b xay dUng hiiu nghi, hdp tac nhieu m a t t r e n nen
t a n g rdng ldn, dn dinh va hieu qua giiia hai nUdc.
Q u a n he Viet - My da tiing t r a i qua nhiing t r a n g den tdi vi sii dUa day bdi di san cua lich sii. Gid day, khi liia chpn chu q u a n cd t h e t h a y the nhiing van de ciia qua khii de quyet dinh quan he song phUdng, t h i q u a n he Viet - My se cd nhUng cd hdi p h a t trien m a n h me va toan dien, de budc vao mdt thdi ky mdi tUdi s a n g hdn. Dieu nay khdng he khd k h a n , bdi sii "liia chpn" n i m ngay trong tay ciia ca h a i qud'c gia •
Tdi lieu tham khdo:
1. Bg Cong ThUdng, 2008, Diin ddn thiicfng mai vd ddu tii Viet Nam sau khi gia nhdp WTO, thdng 1. Hd Noi.
2. ThUdng vu Viet Nam tai Hoa Ky, 2007, Xudt khdu sang Hoa Ky - Nhiing dieu chiia
biet.
3. Tap chi Chdu My Ngdy nay, cdc so' ndm 2008.
4. My; Chfnh sach Dong A ean phai thay ddi http;//vitinfo.com.vn/Muctin/Kinhte/
Chinhsaeh/LA67343/default
5. Thiie day quan he Viet Nam - Hoa Ky phat trien hdn niia
http;//www.mofa.gov.vn/vi/nr040807104143 /ns070618162411/view
6. Quan he Viet Nam-Hoa Ky se ehuyen bien tfch cue
http;//www.tinkinhte.com/nd5/detail/viet- nam/tu-lieu-quan-he-quoc-te/
7. Tiep tuc thiic day quan he Viet Nam-Hoa Ky
http;//www.mt.gov.vn/PrintView.aspx?Artie leID=5785
8. Quan he Viet - My da tie'n mot budc dai http://www.mofa.gov.vn/vi/nr040807104143 /nr040807105001/
Bai vie't tham gia De tai KX.01.03/06.10
