CHAU MY NGAY NAY SO 11-2011 37
MY ' TRUNG OUOC VA
VAN DE NANG LUtlNG 6 CHAU PHI
TS. Dang Dtfc Long Thdi bdo Tdi chinh
1. Thfldng mai giCfa Chau Phi V l khd'i lUdng hang boa vat tU vdi My va Trung Quoc budn ban vdi Chau Phi, My vUdt N h i m tidp can td'i da thi trUdng ^rung Qud'c. Vi du, ndu nam 2007 cac nude Chau Phi, nam 2000 My ^^^^^ ^^ ^udn ban gifla My va cac thdng qua Luat phat tridn kinh t l nUde Chau Phi la 99,571 ty USD, thi va budn ban vdi cac nUde Chau Phi gi^a Trung Qud'c va cac nUdc Chau (AHOA), cho phep thi trUdng My Phi la 74 ty ++9% so vdi nam 2007.
nhilu kha nang nhap nguyen vat Nam 2007, Trung Qudc chi budn ban lieu c i a 34 nUde Chau Phi. Nam vdi 14 nUde Chau Phi kim ngach 2009, them 5 nUde Chau Phi dUde ngoai thUdng dat tren 1 ty USD, den hudng quy che c i a Luat AHOA. nam 2008 budn ban vdi 14 nUde
Luat AHOA n h i m vao cac thi nay dat 20 ty USD so vdi 140,486 ty trUdng do cac nUde chau Au dang USD kim ngach budn ban gifla My kiem soat, dam bao cho cac cdng ty va Chau Phi trong nam nay (2008).
My tiep can dUde cac md tai nguyen K h i n g hoang tai chinh toan elu chien lUde, tao ngudn phat trien da anh hudng xau den thUdng mai thUdng mai de cac nha d i u tU My toan elu, nhUng dd'i vdi Trung Qud'c, tang vd'n d i u tU vao khu vUc Chau kim ngach budn ban vdi cae nUde Phi. Hien nay, kim ngach nhap Chau Phi v i n tiep tue gia tang. Vi khau vat tU c i a My tfl Chau Phi c h i yeu d day tap trung vao linh vflc binh quan hang nam tang 6,8°/o. mua ban d i u md vao nguyen lieu Nam 2000, trfldc khi Luat AHOA cd khoang san, nhu Trung Qud'c mua hieu lUe, kim ngach nhap vat tU tfl d i u c i a Angola, va la dd'i tac e h i Chau Phi c i a My tri gia 22,2 ty ye'u trong thfldng mai tfldng lai c i a USD (68% la d i u md va san pham Angola. Kim ngach budn ban gifla d i u md), cdn nam 2001, kim ngach hai nfldc nay nam 2008 la 25,3 ty nhap khau tfl Chau Phi c i a My dat USD, bien Angola trd thanh ban 25 ty USD ( c h i yeu tang nhap d i u hang Idn c i a Trung Qude d Chau md va san phaiii d i u md). Phi; thfl hai la Nam Phi, doanh sd
38 SO 11-2011 CHAU MY NGAY NAY
budn ban vdi Trung Qud'c la 17,8 ty khai md Trung Qud'c d Chau Phi.
USD. V l tieu chi nay, Trung Qud'c Theo trfldng chi n h a n h ngan hang vUdt My 2 l l n . Cdn budn ban vdi d i u tU khai khoang Trung Qud'c, thi Nigeria nam 2008 Trung Qud'c dat cac cdng ty qud'c doanh Trung Qudc 7 ty USD so vdi 42 ty USD c i a My. dang dU kien d i u tU vao cac nganh chien lUde nhU nang lUdng, xay dUng 2. C h i n h s a c h d i u tfl t i n ^^ ^^ ^^ ^ . ^ ^ ^^.^ ^ . ^ ^ ^^^^ ^^^
d u n g c u a My v a T r u n g Q u o c d ^^dng, cung ca'p dien nUdc).
C h a u P h i rpj^^j^g 3/2009, Dien dan Quy phat Trong thdi gian qua, vd'n d i u tU trien Trung Qud'c Chau Phi dUde td c i a My vao Chau Pbi ngay cang chflc d Cairo (Ai Cap) n h i m giup dd tang, ngay ca trong thdi gian My eae doanh nghiep Trung Qudc d i u tU lam vao suy thoai kinh te. Tinh tdi vao cac nude Chau Phi. Phd Giam ngay 1/1/2009 tdng vd'n d i u tU trUc dd'e quy nay, dng Ly Thanh Sdn eho tiep c i a My vao Chau Phi la 36,64 biet, quy tiep tuc khuyen khich va ty USD so vdi 13,3 ty USD nam giflp dd cac doanh nghiep Trung 2007. Trong sd d i u tu nam 2007, Qud'c d i u tU vao cac nude Chau Phi.
87,7% dd vao 8 nUdc: Ai Cap (7,3 ty Khi mdi ra ddi, Chinh p h i Trung USD); Nam Phi (4,6 ty USD); Qud'c da danh cho quy nay 1 ty USD, Morocco (2,9 ty USD); Guinea den nay quy da tich Ifly dfldc tdi 5 ty Bissau (2,8 ty USD); Angola (0,876 USD.
ty USD); Nigeria (0,8 ty USD), De tiep can cac ngudn tai nguyen Libya (0,456 ty USD) va Gabon c i a Chau Phi, Chinh p h i Trung Qudc (0,421 ty USD). da giup cac nudc khu vflc nay xay mdi Cdn tdng FDI c i a Trung Qud'c vao va cai tao he thd'ng cd sd ha t i n g hien Chau Phi nam 2008 la 7,8 ty USD, ed vi day la Knh vUc cac nfldc Tay Au vao 9 thang d i u nam 2009 tang 77% va My chUa quan tam. Dau nam so vdi cflng ky nam 2008. Theo Thfl 2004, Trung Qudc da cho Angola vay trudng Bd ThUdng mai Trung Qud'c, 9,5 ty USD de nUdc nay xay dflng thi 1/3 vdn FDI Trung Qud'c vao dfldng giao thdng, de dap chd'ng lu lut, Chau Phi la d i u tfl cho cac dfl an phat trien thuy ldi, xay dflng trfldng lien quan den hnh vflc nang lUdng. hpc, benh vien. Nam 2006, Trung
Hien nay, Ngan hang Cdng thUdng Qudc lai dUdc Angola yeu c i u giup dd Trung Qud'c chie'm 20% vd'n cd p h i n khdi phuc he thd'ng dudng s i t chinh c i a Ngan hang Standard c i a Nam c i a Angola tuyen dUdng s i t Bengen.
Phi. Cdn ngan hang nay lai dang Cong ty ZTE Trung Qud'c da danh ehju sU kidm. .soat c i a cac cdng ty 400 trieu USD de hien dai hoa va
CHAU MY NGAY NAY SO 11-2011 39^
phat trien mang viln thdng, xay dUng te c i a nhilu nUde khu vUc nay. Bao trung tam nghien cflu linh vUc nay d cao kinh te the gidi do Ngan hang Angola. The gidi edng bd' thang 7/2008 cung FDI c i a Trung Qud'c vao Nigeria thfla nhan, FDI Trung Qud'c vao khoang 3 ty USD, c h i yeu d i u tu Chau Phi khdng nhflng lam Chau vao linh vflc cd sd ha t i n g , Trung Phi ndi tieng the gidi trong linh vUc Qud'c cdn hfla se cho nfldc nay vay tham dd, khai thac, ma cdn ndi tieng 2,5 ty USD de thUe hien cac dU an vi da tao cho nhilu nUde khu viic xay mdi va cai tao he thd'ng cd sd ha nay nhilu cdng an viec lam mdi, t i n g hien ed. trong dd, cd dU an s i a giam that nghiep; nhilu ngUdi cd chfla he thd'ng dUdng s i t dai 7.600 thu nhap, gdp p h i n xoa ddi giam km nd'i liln cac t h a n h phd' Idn vdi 36 ngheo, phuc vu chUdng trinh cac bang c i a nUde nay. muc tieu phat trien thien nien ky
N h i m thoa man nhu elu nang c i a Lien Hiep qud'c.
lUdng c i a minh, Trung Qud'c da kien ^ ^
tri kiem ldi tU Sudan. Lien doanh * ^^ ^ "^. &
d i u khi Great Nile Petrolum (Trung Nhilu phan tich cho ring, Trung Qud'c cd 40% cd p h i n ) da d i u tU 4 ty Qud'c chiem Uu the hdn so vdi My USD cho mdt loat du an trong linh trong linh vUc khai thac tai nguyen vUc d i u khi trong dd cd dU an d Chau Phi la vi cd nhilu chinh sach chuyen d i u thd tfl ndi khai thac tdi phu hdp, khdng ddi hdi v l dan c h i ndi lpc d i u , che bien. Nhd sU trd va nhan quyin, cung nhU v l cai each giup c i a Trung Qud'c trong Knh vUe kinh te thi trUdng; trong khi My cd d i u khi, Sudan tfl nUde nhap xang nhflng ddi hdi eao hdn.
diu, nay trd t h a n h nUdc xuat khau Phat bieu y kien tai hdi nghi xang d i u . chuyen d l v l chinh sach c i a Trung
Trong tdng sd cdng ty nUdc ngoai Qud'c d Chau Phi, thang 3/2009 tai d Sudan, Trung Qud'c chiem 15 cdng Dai hpc Tong hdp Indian, Giao sU ty. Nam 2009, dap thuy ldi Merowe Dai hoc George Washington dng c i a Sudan dUde xay dUng vdi 2 ty David Shinn cho r i n g , Trung Qud'c USD do Trung Qud'c giup dd b i t d i u dang hdp tac qua lai thanh edng vdi dua vao boat ddng. Day la dap thuy cae nUde Chau Phi, mflc dp quan he ldi Idn thfl hai tren, sdng Nile sau ca nhan gifla Trung Qud'c vdi cac dap Usuan c i a Ai Cap. nha lanh dao Chau Phi trdi hdn My.
Vd'n FDI c i a Trung Qud'c v>o Ong David Shinn cho biet them, Chau Phi da lam thay ddi bd mat Trung Qude dac biet quan tam den kinh te xa hdi va cau true n i n kinh cac dac khu kinh te, den ed sd ha
40 SO 11-2011 CHAU MY NGAY NAY
t i n g d Chau Phi da giup dd cac vung nay xay mdi va s i a chfla, hien dai hoa cd sd ha tang hien cd b i n g each cho vay dai ban, lai suat t h i p .
Tdm lai, cd the ndi, trong 10 nam vfla qua, Trung Qudc da thu lai ldi ich cho minh d Chau Phi nhilu hdn so vdi My Neu khuynh budng nay van cdn tiep dien, chang bao lau nfla Trung Qud'c se cd flu the hdn b i n My d Chau Phi v l khai thac d i u md va cac tai nguyen, khoang san hflu ich khac. Vi the, mdt sd nhan vat bao t h i mdi d xa hdi My cho ring, khdng the giai quyet tranh chap d i u md d Chau Phi vdi Trung Qud'c b i n g con dUdng hoa giai thUdng mai, ma phai bang sUc manh quan sU de dam bao ngudn d i u md c i n thiet d chau luc nay cho cac the he mai sau c i a My.
Do vay, ed y kien cho r i n g , xung dot de thd'ng linh ngudn d i u md d Chau Phi la dilu cd the xay ra, neu cac ben tranh gianh ngudn d i u md d Chau Phi khdng nhan nhUdng nhau.
Trong the gidi da cue ngay nay, nude nao ed n i n khoa hpc cdng nghe tien tien, lam ra dUde cac cdng cu san xuat tao nang suat lao ddng eao hdn, ket hdp vdi phUdng phap td
chUe quan ly san xuat td't hdn, thi ldi the canh t r a n h se nghieng v l nUdc dd. Rd rang, Uu the trong nhflng nam tdi lai thudc v l phia My.
Y kien khac lai cho r i n g . My va Trung Qud'c nen hdp tac vdi nhau, chia se nhau cflng khai thac cac ngudn tai nguyen thien nhien d chau Phi de phuc vu sfl nghiep phat trien kinh te xa hdi qud'c gia minh va Chau Pbi cflng ed ldi, dilu dd lam eho trat tfl the gidi nhflng thap ky d i u the ky XXI phat trien dn dinh •
Tdi lieu tham khdo:
1. Buon ban giOa Trung Quoc va Chau Phi VUdt 100 ty USD vao nSm 2008 (http://Russian.cri.cn/841/200902/12152773 73.htm)
2. Trung Quo'c va An Do ai la ngifdi mua kim cifdng Idn nha't d My (http://www.jeweller.ru/news/2.11/59565).
3. Diem bao ngay 12/08/2009 www.polpied.com
4. Intefax. Trung Quoc. Bac Kinh, 2/11/2000 (http://www.waran
apeace.ru.ru/exclusive/news/11519.
