QUAN HE QUOC TE
HOA KY "QUAY LAI CHAU A' VA CHINH SACH V6l ASEAN
Nguyin Thiet Sdn ViSn Nghien cthi Chau My
Gidi t h i e u
Quan he gifla Hoa Ky vdi ASEAN la md'i q u a n he cd truyen thd'ng lau dai, t r a i qua r l t n h i l u thdi ky phat t r i l n khac n h a u . Hidn nay. My tuyen bd' "quay lai Chau A" khien cho viec nghien cflu q u a n he song phfldng Hda Ky - ASEAN la bet sflc q u a n trong va c I n thiet.
Hoa Ky la cfldng qud'c so' mot the gidi, cd q u a n he vdi h l u het cac nfldc va cac k h u vflc t r e n the gidi. ASEAN den n a m 2015 se la mot Cong dong, hoat ddng t r e n cd sd dong t h u a n , thd'ng n h l t trong da dang, vdi ba t r u cot chinh tri, k i n h te va van hda.
ASEAN dang la dd'i tac k i n h te dflng thfl 5 cua Hoa Ky, va Hoa Ky dang hfldng tdi ASEAN nhfl la mot dd'i tac q u a n trong ciia Hoa Ky d k h u vflc va CO q u a n h e ngay cang sau rong.
Trong bai viet nay, chung tdi xin t r i n h bay mdt so' v l n d l v l chinh sach chung cua Hoa Ky dd'i vdi Cong dong ASEAN.
Mot so v a n de v e c h i n h s a c h N h a n dip cdng bd' Chid'n Ifldc mdi v l qud'c phong cua My ngay 05/01/2012, Td'ng thd'ng B. Obama tuyen bo: "...Chung t a se cung cd' sfl hien dien tai vung Chau A Thai Binh Dfldng", vi day la mot khu vflc trong yeu dd'i vdi Idi ich cua Hoa Ky trong the ky XXI. Trong bai phat b i l u ve "The ky Thai Binh Dfldng cua Hoa Ky" vao dip cud'i nam 2011, Ngoai trfldng H. Clinton cho r i n g :
"Hdn 10 n a m qua, chung ta da danh nhflng nguon lflc khd'ng lo cho hai chien trfldng ldn (Iraq va Afghanistan) va trong 10 nam tdi, chung t a c I n phai thdng minh va h a n h dong cd he thd'ng khi Ifla chon dia diem d l u tfl thdi gian va sflc lflc, de lam sao chung t a v l n d trong the thfldng phong, n h I m duy tri quyen lanh dao, bao ve Idi ich va tang cfldng nhflng gia tri cua My. Dd la mot trong nhflng nhiem vu quan trong cua nghe t h u a t d i l u h a n h dat
nfldc trong thap ky tdi, bdi vay se la tap trung tang cudng d l u tfl mot each dang k l vao khu vflc Chau A Thai Binh Dfldng tren t i t ca cac linh vflc nhfl ngoai giao, kinh te, chien Ifldc dai b a n v.v..." va Ddng Nam A se la mot trong tam quan trong bac nhat cua Idi ich My d khu vflc.
Nguyen n h a n quan trong khien My chuyin tfl Iraq, Afghanistan va mot so' ndi khac sang Chau A - Thai Binh Dfldng (CA-TBD) la do khu vflc nay dang trd t h a n h khu vflc chu yeu cua nen chinh tri kinh te toan clu, cd t i m quan trong to ldn vdi cac t u y i n hang hai qud'c te va cac gia tri chien Ifldc khac ngay mot gia tang.
CA-TBD la khu vflc cd tdi mot nfla dan so' the gidi sinh sdng vdi nhflng n i n kinh te chu dao cua kinh te toan clu, va dieu dac biet quan trong dd'i vdi My, CA-TBD la ndi cd nhieu nfldc dong minh chu yeu, nhieu dd'i tac quan trong cua Hoa ky va mot so' the lflc dang len nhfl Trung Qud'c, An Do va Indonesia, va n h i l u to' chflc khu vflc ma My tham gia va cIn tham gia.
My cho rang, trong giai doan hien nay, khi khu vflc CA-TBD dang xay dflng mot n I n an ninh cung nhfl cd d u kinh te hoan thien hdn nham bd trd cho phat trien d'n dinh va thinh vfldng, thi nhflng cam k i t ciia Hoa Ky vdi khu vflc lai cang cd y nghia he trong. Va gid'ng nhfl sau Chiln
t r a n h the gidi l l n thfl hai. My da d l u tfl vao Chau Au va mot so' ding minh khac t r e n the gidi, gid day, Hoa Ky c I n thflc hien mot sfl d l u tfl tfldng tfl nhfl vay vdi tfl each la mot cfldng qud'c Thai Binh Dfldng, do chinh la dfldng Id'i chien Ifldc cua chinh quyen Td'ng thd'ng Barack Obama va chinh sach nay da b i t d l u mang lai ket qua.
Vdi y nghia dd. My cam ket mot chien Ifldc dai ban, di liln vdi hanh dong thflc te quay trd lai chau A nhfl la mot cfldng qud'c Chau A. My nhan tha'y thflc te vide bd trd cho tang trfldng va sfl n a n g ddng ciia Chau A la nhiem vu trong t a m dd'i vdi Idi ich kinh te mang tinh chien Ifldc cua Hoa Ky va dd la mdt trong nhflng flu tien quan trong cua Td'ng thd'ng Obama. Cac thi trfldng md Chau A mang lai nhflng cd hoi chfla tflng cd trong lich stt d cac linh vflc nhfl d l u tfl, thfldng mai va tiep can cdng nghe cao. Sfl phuc hoi kinh te trong nfldc My se p h u thudc vao x u l t k h I u va k h a nang dat quan he kinh doanh cua cac cdng ty My dd'i vdi thi trfldng tieu dung to ldn dang trdi day d Chau A. Ve n h a n thflc chien Ifldc, viec duy tri hda binh, an ninh trong k h u vflc CA-TBD ngay cang trd nen cd y nghia quyet dinh dd'i vdi tien bo toan c l u , du dd la viec bao ve tfl do Iflu thdng di lai tren Biln Ddng, hay bao dam a n ninh tren ban
dao Trieu Tien va n g a n can Bac Trieu Tien p h a t t r i l n vu khi h a t n h a n , d a m bao sfl minh bach, cdng k h a i cac boat ddng q u a n sfl cua mot so' qud'c gia ldn trong k h u vflc.
Thflc td', My cung nhfl nhieu nfldc t h l y rang. My la mot cfldng qud'c duy n h l t cd mot m a n g Ifldi cac dong minh m a n h me trong k h u vflc, lai khdng thd hidn t h a m vong lan chiem lanh tho, l a n h hai, da tflng nhieu n a m lien cung d p d c dich vu va h a n g hda cdng cong (nhfl bao dam a n n i n h h a n g hai, chd'ng k h u n g bd', cfldp b i l n , dfl bao bao, ddng dat,...).
Dong thdi, Hoa Ky hien la dd'i tac dau tfl va thfldng mai chu ye'u, la nguon cua cac p h a t minh, sang che cd k h a n a n g ldn dfla lai Idi ich cho hoat dong k i n h doanh d ca hai bd Thai Binh Dfldng. H a n g n a m cd khoang 350.000 sinh vien Chau A theo hoc tai Hoa Ky va day cung chinh la ndi cd t h i tim k i l m cac dd'i tac k i n h te cd hieu qua cao.
My t a n g cfldng sflc m a n h va sfl hien dien d k h u vflc vdi chinh sach ngay cang ro rang. Vay thflc c h i t chinh sach, chien Ifldc k h u vflc CA- TBD la gi? Chung tdi cho r i n g , nd bao gom r l t n h i l u van de. Trfldc tien, dd la My da cd nhflng tuyen bd' dam bao cac cam ket vdi k h u vflc.
D i l u nay cd nghia la My c I n cd mat ca v l chinh sach, n h a n lflc, vat lflc thfldng mai d l u tfl b CA-TBD. Chien liidc nay ddi hoi c I n thiet phai kip
thdi thich iing vdi moi bien chuyin d l y kich tinh d i i n ra k h I p Chau A.
Tren quan dilm dd, cdng tac ngoai giao cua My se tien h a n h theo 6 hfldng cd ban sau: 1/ Cung cd' cac mdi quan he a n ninh song phfldng vdi cac nfldc dong minh; 2/ Lam sau sic hdn cac quan he hdp tac vdi nhflng cfldng qud'c mdi nd'i, k l d vdi Trung Qud'c;
3/ Tham dfl vao cac t h i che da phfldng trong khu vflc; 4/ Md rong thfldng mai va d l u tfl; 5/ Tao dflng sfl hi§n didn quan sfl dfldc ung ho rong rai trong khu vflc; va 6/ De cao cac gia tri dan chu va n h a n quyln.
Hoa Ky dong thdi la mot cfldng qud'c d d Dai Tay Dudng va Thai Binh Dfldng, viec My hien didn d Chau Au va Chau A la c I n thiet cho sfl ton tai va p h a t t r i l n cua My. My da xay dflng NATO va mang Ifldi hdp tac d Chau Au, gid day nhiem vu quan trong cua chinh sach va chiln lUdc CA-TBD cua My la xay dflng mang Ifldi hdp tac cung cac the che trong toan vung Thai Binh Dfldng, ben vflng va p h u hdp vdi Idi ich va cac gia tri cua Hoa Ky.
Mac du vay, khac vdi Chau Au, My t h i l t k l d u true sflc m a n h cua minh, vfla thdng qua h§ thd'ng dong minh, dd'i t i c , vfla thdng qua d c to' chflc hdp tac da phfldng; nghia la My tao nen cac d u true song phfldng va da phfldng, l l n cac mang Ifldi hdp t i c vdi cac dd'i t i e nhieu t i n g nac, p h u hdp vdi n h u c l u va trinh do hdp
tac cua cac ben. Thflc t§', trong hdp tac song phfldng. My cd cac hiep fldc dong minh ky vdi Nhat Ban, Han Qud'c, Australia, Philippines va Thai Lan, la dilm tfla dd'i vdi chien Ifldc quay trd lai CA-TBD cua My. He thd'ng dong minh nay da gdp p h I n bao dam hda binh va an ninh trong khu vflc trong sud't hdn nfla the ky, dinh hinh mdi trfldng thuan Idi cho sfl thang tien vUdt bac ve kinh te cua ca khu vflc, dong thdi la cd sd cho sfl hien dien cua Hoa Ky hien nay, va nang cao vai trd lanh dao cua My trong khu vflc, ngay ca trong thdi ky khd khan ve an ninh dd'i vdi My khi t i i n h a n h chien tranh chd'ng khung bd'.
Hien nay, bd'i canh t h i gidi thay dd'i se ddi bdi My d p thiet dilu chinh va hoan thien chinh sach CA- TBD cua minh. Trong nhflng nd lflc theo dinh hfldng nay, chinh quyln cua Td'ng thd'ng Obama da neu ba nguyen tac cd ban, tren cd sd dd thiet lap cac quan he chinh tri, kinh te, an ninh,... nhfl sau: 1/ Phai duy tri sfl dong t h u a n chinh tri dd'i vdi cac muc tieu quan trong (sd'ng cdn) vdi cac dong minh; 2/ Phai dam bao rang, cac dong minh du n h a n h nhay va cd kha nang thich flng, d l cd t h i flng phd vdi cac t h i thach mot each thanh cdng, dong thdi biet nam bat cac cd hoi mdi; va 3/ Phai dam bao r i n g , nang lflc qud'c phong, ha t i n g vien thdng va hau^cln cua cac dong
minh ludn du k h a nang tac chien d l cd t h i ngan can sfl khieu khich da dang tfl phia cac tac n h a n vdi tfl each la mot qud'c gia, hoac khdng phai la qud'c gia.
My nhin n h a n q u a n he dong minh vdi cac nfldc trong k h u vflc, trfldc tien la N h a t Ban, la vien da tang cho hda binh va d'n dinh trong khu vflc. Cac nudc dong minh se cung vdi My chia se t i m nhin v l mot trat tfl d'n dinh trong k h u vflc, vdi nhflng luat le ro r a n g tfl sfl tfl do thdng thfldng tren b i l n , cho tdi thi trfldng tfl do va canh t r a n h lanh manh.
My cung da ky thda thuan v l
"khdng gian md" cho phep tang cfldng md'i giao Iflu gifla doanh nghiep vdi doanh nghiep va ngfldi dan vdi ngfldi dan, da khdi ddng cuoc dd'i thoai chid'n Ifldc ve CA-TBD va cung phd'i hdp, hdp tac tai cac dilm ndng trong k h u vflc.
G i n day. My da md rong quan he dong minh vdi Australia, tfl hdp tac trong khu vflc Thai Binh Dfldng cho den An Do Thai Binh Dfldng va thflc te day la sfl hdp tac mang tinh toan d u . Sfl hdp tac vdi Austraha da cho phep My cd m a t v l quan sfl d nfldc nay, vdi khoang 2.500 quan don t r u d day.
Tai Ddng N a m A, My dang lam mdi va tang cfldng moi quan he dong minh vdi Philippines va T h I i lan, nhfl da tang so' Ifldng d c chuyen vieng t h a m cua t a u chien tdi
Phillipines, cung hdp tac dao tao lflc lUdng chSiig k h u n g bd' trong khudn khd' Chid'n dich Lflc Ifldng Bidt kich hdn hdp Dac biet d Mindanao. Tai Thai L a n dong minh lau ddi n h l t cua Hoa Ky d Chau A, My cung dang cung thi^t lap nen t r u n g t a m trd giup n h a n dao va giam nhe thien tai t i m c6 k h u vflc. My da d i thien quan h e vdi h l u h e t cac nfldc d Ddng N a m A, g i n day n h l t trong n a m 2011 va 2012 la cac q u a n bd t h a n h cdng vdi M y a n m a r .
Trong chinh sach hdp tac song phfldng cua My b k h u vflc, ben canh cac dong m i n h vdi cac Hiep dinh an n i n h da ky vdi n h a u , hidn nay My cd them cac dd'i tac nhieu mat. My dang hfldng tdi xay dflng mot sd' dd'i tac theo hfldng q u a n he chien Ifldc vdi Indonesia, Malaysia va Viet Nam. Chinh sach md rong chien Ifldc q u a n h e doi tac theo hfldng chien Ifldc n a y dfldc chinh q u y l n My neu trong Bao cao Qud'c phong 4 n a m mot l l n vao n a m 2011.
Ben canh viec day m a n h thflc hien chinh sach mdi vdi k h u vflc CA-TBD, vdi Ddng N a m A tren cd sd song phfldng, My cung da va dang r a t tich cflc xay dflng he thd'ng quan hd hdp tac da phfldng, n h a m thflc hien nhflng nhiem vu chiln Ifldc ma My mong mud'n t h i l t lap trong k h u vflc,
My ludn t a n g cfldng cac q u a n he song phfldng k i t hdp vdi hdp t i e da
phfldng, bdi My cho rang, viec de cap tdi nhflng thach thflc xuyen qud'c gia phflc tap hien nay ma Chau A dang phai dd'i mat, ddi hoi phai cd mot sd' the c h i cd nang lflc td' chflc cac h a n h ddng tap t h i . Mot c l u true khu vflc mang tinh chat thiet thflc, chat che d Chau A se gdp p h I n cung cd' h§
thd'ng quy t i c va trach nhidm gifla My va cac qud'c gia dd'i tac va cac qud'c gia khac, tfl bao ve quyln sd hflu tri tu§, cho tdi bao dam quyen tfl do Iflu thdng t r e n biln, dd la cd sd cho mot t r a t tfl qud'c t l bidu qua.
Theo quan diem da phfldng cua My, My da va se t h a m gia day du vao cac the c h i da phfldng cua khu vflc, nhfl d i i n dan ASEAN, APEC, va d i l u dang chu y la sfl tham gia cua My vao cac the che k h u vflc chi cd t h i bo sung, ma khdng thay the cac md'i lien he song phudng da va se dfldc thiet lap cua My trong khu vflc.
Hidn nay trong k h u vflc dang cd nhu d u mud'n Hoa Ky ddng mot vai trd tich cflc trong viec de r a chfldng trinh nghi sfl cua cac t h i che' dd. Tat nhien, Hoa Ky cung cd Idi ich khi cac t h i che dd cd hieu qua va cd trach nhiem.
Theo nhflng dinh hfldng nay, Tong thd'ng Obama da t h a m gia cuoc gap thfldng dinh Ddng A l l n d l u tien vao t h a n g 11/2011, va trfldc dd, Hoa Ky da md van phdng p h i i doan cua My tai To' chflc ASEAN d
J a k a r t a va ky ket Hiep fldc Hflu nghi va Hdp tac vdi ASEAN (TAC).
Mot diem dang chfl y cua chinh sach cua My d khu vflc la My da phat t r i l n mot chfldng trinh nghi sfl, hfldng nhieu hdn tdi ket qua cu t h i va gdp p h I n n h u mot cdng cu, d l thflc hien cac nd lflc n h I m giai quyet cac tranh chap d khu vflc, nhfl tranh chip tren Bien Ddng. Trong nam 2010, tai Diin dan khu vflc ASEAN tai Ha Ndi, Hoa Ky da bd trd hinh thanh mot nd lflc chung t i m cd khu vflc nham bao ve quyen tiep can va di lai tfl do qua Biln Ddng, dong thdi ung ho cac nguyen t i e qud'c t e e d ban trong viec xac dinh cac yeu sach ve lanh thd', lanh hai trong vung Biln Ddng, du My khdng dflng ve ben nao trong nhflng ddi bdi va yeu sach dd.
Day la mot sfl dam bao cd y nghia rat quan trong, khi cd tdi mot niia Ifldng hang hda thUdng mai cua the gidi thfldng xuyen Iflu chuyin qua vung bien nay.
Va nhfl vay. My da di dfldc mot bfldc dai trong viec bao ve Idi ich sd'ng cdn cua minh, lien quan den sfl d'n dinh va tfl do hang hai trong khu vflc, dong thdi da cd nhflng bfldc di quan trong tren con dfldng ngoai giao da phfldng ben vflng cung cac ben cd yeu sach lanh thd' d Biln Ddng, n h a m tim giai phap hda binh, t u a n t h u cac nguyen t i c cua Luat phap qud'c te, p h u hdp vdi Idi ich cua My, khdng tao nen cang
t h i n g va xung dot trflc tiep gifla cac ben, bao dam on dinh khu vflc, va v l n t a n g cfldng q u a n hg hdp tac vdi Trung Qud'c.
Mot t h i che d a phfldng k h u vflc q u a n t r o n g m a My h e t sflc chu y d l bao ve Idi ich cua My, cung nhfl bao d a m sfl cd m a t cua My d khu vflc la A P E C , do dd My ludn thuc day va cung cd' v a i trd cua APEC nhfl mot t h i che q u a n trong hang d l u cua k h u vflc, hfldng tdi muc tieu t a n g cfldng hoi n h a p kinh t l va giao thfldng t r o n g v u n g Thai Binh Dfldng.
Nam 2010, n h i l u nfldc ung hd sfl cd mat cua My d k h u vflc da keu goi m a n h me ung hd t h a n h lap khu vflc mau dich tfl do d CA-TBD, Td'ng thd'ng Obama da chu tri cuoc gap thUdng dinh nguyen t h u cac qud'c gia APEC dfldc td' chflc vao thang 11/2011 tai Hawaii. Tai dd. My da cam ket tang cfldng hdn nfla tinh ben vflng cua APEC vdi tfl each la mot t h i che k i n h te hang d l u khu vflc CA-TBD, dfla r a mot chfldng trinh nghi sfl v l kinh te d l cd the tap hdp dfldc d cac n I n kinh te phat t r i l n , cung d c nen k i n h te mdi nd'i len, hfldng tdi muc tieu khuyen khich tfl do thfldng mai, d l u tfl, dong thdi xay dflng va d i thien, tang cfldng n a n g lflc cua cac che do d i l u h a n h hieu qua va minh bach.
La mot to' chflc ma My cd kha nang lanh dao va d i l u phd'i, APEC
vdi boat ddng cua minh se hd trd t a n g trudng x u a t k h I u cua My, dong thdi tao t h e m viec lam chat Ifldng cao trong nfldc, va tiep tuc thuc day sfl t a n g trudng trong toan k h u vflc.
APEC cdn cung d p cac phfldng each q u a n trong d l xay dflng nen nhflng chfldng t r i n h md rong, n h a m giai phdng tiem n a n g p h a t t r i l n kinh te' ma p h u nfl dang n I m gifl. Cung vi le dd, Hoa Ky cam kd't cung h a n h ddng vdi cac dd'i tac t r e n mot h a n h trinh d l y t h a m vong hfldng tdi mot "Ky nguyen t h a m dfl" cua t i t ca cac ben cd lien quan, ke ca mdi ca nhan, to chflc, d l u la nhflng t h a n h vien cd ddng gdp va dfldc tdn trong tren thi trfldng toan c l u .
Trong chinh sach cua My vdi khu vflc ASEAN, Ddng N a m A, ben canh nhflng cam ket dd'i vdi cac the che da phfldng quy md ldn. My cung da tich cflc khdi xfldng va quang ba rong rai mot sd' d i i n dan, hoi thao va nhdm chuyen gia tfl d c qud'c gia lien ddi d l trao dd'i ve nhflng t h a c h thflc dac t h u rieng, chang b a n nhfl Sdng Kien Ha litu sdng Mekong n h I m hd trd giao due dao tao, y te, cac chfldng t r i n h mdi trfldng tai Campuchia, Lao, Thai L a n va Viet Nam; hoac Diin dan cdc ddo nho Thdi Binh DiCdng, ndi Hoa Ky hd trd cac t h a n h vien dd'i phd vdi nhflng t h i c h thflc cua qua t r i n h bien dd'i khi hau, tinh t r a n g d a n h b i t ca tdi mflc can kiet va van de tfl do h a n g hai. My cung
bat d l u van ddng hinh t h a n h cac hinh thflc hdp tac ba ben gifla cac qud'c gia khac n h a u nhU Mdng co, Indonesia, N h a t ban, Kazakhstan va H a n Qud'c. Va My dang dfla ra nhflng de x u l t n h a m cung cd' sfl phd'i hdp va cung t h a m gia gifla ba cfldng qud'c trong k h u vflc CA-TBD la Trung Qud'c, An Do va My.
Vdi t a t d cac hfldng h a n h ddng khac n h a u dfldc neu tren. My ludn tim each d l dinh h i n h va t h a m dfl vao c l u true k h u vflc mot each cd trach nhiem, linh boat va hflu hieu, dong thdi dam bao rang nd phai g i n ket dfldc vdi d u true toan d u rong ldn hdn, gdp p h I n bad ve sfl d'n dinh thfldng mai qud'c te va nang cao cac gia tri cua My, va bao dam sU cd mat cua My la chinh dang.
Trong didm chinh sach va chien Ifldc cua My trong hdp tac kinh t l vdi cac nUdc APEC la duy tri cac cam ket quan trong ciia Hoa Ky n h a m n a n g cao n a n g lflc dieu h a n h kinh te cua cac chinh q u y l n trong khu vflc - dd la mot t r u cot cua chinh sach dd'i ngoai My. T i i n bo kinh te cang ngay cang p h u thudc vao cac md'i quan he dd'i ngoai m a n h me va ngfldc lai, cac t i i n bo trong dd'i ngoai lai phu thudc r a t nhieu vao quan he kinh te' ngay cang sau rong. Le tfl nhien la viec chu trong khuyen khich cho sfl thinh vfldng cua My, cung cd nghia la phai chu trong nhieu hdn tdi tfl do thfldng mai va
bdi nhap kinh te d CA-TBD. Khu vflc nay da san x u l t ra hdn mdt nfla td'ng san Ifldng hang hda va gan mot nfla giao dich thfldng mai toan cau. Cd the thay. My dang phan dau dat muc tieu cua Tdng thd'ng Obama neu ra sau khung hoang kinh te la tang gap ddi xuat khau tdi nam 2015 va dang tim kiem cac cd hoi kinh doanh nhieu hdn b Chau A. Nam 2010, xuat k h I u cua My sang khu vflc CA-TBD dat con sd' 320 ty USD, tao r a 850.000 viec lam. Chinh quyen My cho rang, day la nhflng con sd' ndi len sfl dung d i n v l ket qua cua chinh sach "quay lai Chau A" cua My vdi nhflng nguyen t i c hdp tac va canh t r a n h kinh te lanh manh ma My mong mud'n cung thflc hien vdi cac dd'i tac trong khu vflc la "Md cfla, tfl do, minh bach va cdng bang"
Nhflng nguyen tac nay dfldc My ap dung trong cac dam p h a n va cac thoa t h u a n thfldng mai cat giam thue vdi chuan mflc cao hdn v l canh tranh lanh manh khi md ra cac thi trfldng mdi. Chang b a n nhfl Hiep dinh Tfl do Thfldng mai gifla Hoa Ky va Han Qud'c se giam thue dd'i vdi 95% cac mat hang tieu dung va cdng nghiep x u l t xfl tfl My trong vong 5 nam, nhfl vay se tao ra khoang 70.000 viec lam d Hoa Ky.
Chi xet rieng viec c i t giam thue da giup tang xuat k h I u hang hda My len 10 ty USD, dong thdi tao r a
tang trudng 6% cho nen kinh te H a n Qud'c. Dieu nay se hinh thanh san chdi binh dang cho cac nha san x u l t va cdng n h a n n g a n h dtd My.
Nhu vay, dfl la n h a san x u l t may mdc My, hay n h a x u l t k h I u hda c h i t H a n Qud'c, Hiep dinh nay se ha tha'p h a n g rao t h u e q u a n da ngan can cac n h a san x u l t cd them khach h a n g mdi.
Hien nay. My cung dat dfldc tien bd trong dam p h a n t h a n h lap to' chflc Dd'i tac Kinh te Chien Ifldc Xuyen Thai Binh Dfldng (TPP) cd y nghia tap hdp cac nen kinh t l trong khu vflc Thai Binh Dfldng phat t r i l n va dang p h a t trien, vao mot cdng dong thUdng mai (hidn ASEAN cd 4 nfldc t h a n h vien t h a m gia dam phan gia n h a p T P P la Singapore, Bruney, Malaysia, Viet Nam). Muc tieu cua My khdng chi la tao ra tang trfldng cao hdn, ma cdn la tang trfldng cd c h i t Ifldng hdn. My cho rang, cac thoa t h u a n thfldng mai cIn phai bao gom nhflng bien phap manh me d l bao ve ngfldi lao ddng, mdi trfldng, sd hflu tri tue va cac sang che p h a t minh, khuyen khich ddng chay tfl do cua cdng nghe thdng tin va sfl lan tda cdng nghe xanh, dong thdi cai thien he thd'ng dilu h a n h va d c chudi cung flng. My mong mud'n thda t h u a n TPP vdi cac chuan mflc cao se tao nen hinh m l u cho cac thda t h u a n trong tfldng lai, nham tao t h u a n Idi cho tfl do thfldng
mai trong khu vflc CA-TBD va tren trd thanh cfldng qud'c so' mdt t h i gidi the gidi tich cflc va hidu qua hdn. cua qua khfl •
Kg't l u a n
Vdi nhflng net chinh tren day v l chinh sach cua My dd'i vdi khu vflc CA-TBD va ASEAN, chung ta cd t h i tha'y My dang dinh hinh d i n mot each hieu qua hdn, cac md'i quan hd cua My trong khu vflc tren nguyen t i c quan hd song phfldng va da phfldng phu hdp vdi Idi ich cfldng qud'c so' mot the gidi cua My. My quay lai Chau A chinh la sfl t h i hien ciia nhan thflc cua My v l Chau A, Ddng Nam A va the gidi da cd nhieu thay dd'i, My t h l y phai loai bd nguy cd khdng gan dfldc vao khu vflc Chau A dang cd nhieu bien ddng din den nhflng bien dd'i mdi, bfldc ngoat v l kinh te', chinh tri va an ninh cua thd' ky XXI. Neu khdng loai bd dUdc nguy cd nay, cd t h i My se nhanh chdng bi vfldt qua va nhanh chdng
Tdi liiu tham khdo:
LJoint Statement of ASEAN-U.S. Leaders' Meeting of the 1st, Singapore, 15 November 2009; of the 2'"', New York, . September 24, 2010; of the 3rd, Bah,
Indonesia, 18 November 2011.
2.Chien IvJOc quin sU mdi cua My "Duy tri sU lanh dao toan ciu cua My: Nhflng liu tien cho quoc phong th§' ky XXI", Wok Tr^ng, Washington D.C. 5/1/2012 - Ban tieng Viet.
a.'The ky Thai Binh Dutdng cua Hoa Ky", H.
Clinton, Washington D.C. 10/2011. Ban tieng Viet.
4.0verview . of ASEAN-US Dialogue Relations, 2011.
5.J. Heydarian, "Obama's B Grade on ASEAN", The Diplomat Oct.lO, 2011.
e.Ralf Emmers, RSIS, "The US in the EAS:
implications for US-ASEAN relations", EastAsiaForum, November 23rd, 2011.
T.Scot Marciel, "U.S. PoHcy Toward ASEAN', Report at Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand, February 26, 2009.
S.Carl Thayer, Australian Strategic Policy Institute, "An ninh Dong Nam A dang thay doi phiic tap", TuanVietnam.net, 4/10/2010.
9. John J. Brandon, "Chuyen hudng chien luoc trong quan he gifla Hoa Ky va Dong Nam A", Asia Foundation, 4/1/2012.
