NGHIEN CUU - TRAO DOI
NGHIEN CUU VAT LIEU HOP KIM BOT MA SAT TREN CO S 6 NEN SAT UfNG DUNG TRONG CHE TAO CO KHf
A STUDY OF IRON-BASED FRICTION MATERIAL APPLIED IN MECHANICAL MANUFACTURING
Ha Minh Hung', Vu Thanh Soli=
'Vien Nghien ciru Ca khi -Trucmg Dai hpc Sao D6, Bp Cpng Thuang
TOM TAT
Bdi bdo giai thieu kit qud nghien ciru ve tinh hinh su dung mot sd phu tiing mau mdn chdng hong cua cdc phuang tien van tdi trong ngdnh Khai thdc than, trong dd cd chi tiet guoc phanh tdu van tdi khoang sdn bdng dudng sat trong khai thdc hdm Id a Viet Nam hien nay vd dua ra vdn de cdn nghien cuu che tgo chung bdng vdt lieu luyen kim bot mat thay the vat lieu truyen thong. Y tudng ndy da dugc ca quan qudn ly Bd Cdng Thuang cho phep trien khai thuc hien mgt de tdi nghien ciru khoa hoc ke hogch nam 2014, tgi Vien Nghien ciru Ca khi, nhdm muc tieu Idm chit cdng nghe che tgo sdn phdm mai vd ddnh gid khd ndng irng dimg thuc tien a quy md phdng thi nghiem chuyen ngdnh.
Tir khoa: PM - Luyen kim bot; BMTT - Gudc phanh tdu cdn vet trong van tdi khodng sdn bdng duang sat; KHCN-Khoa hoc vd cdng nghe.
ABSTRACT
The results of the study in using some parts of railway means of transport used in coal mining, which is consist of the brake of the transporting train in Vietnam was introduced in the paper It was also recommended new method, using powder metallurgy production with high stability in coefficient of friction and low wear resistant replacing traditional material applied to fabrication of brake friction materials. The idea was allowed to be done in practice by Industry and Trade Ministry officer in National Research Institut of Mechanical Engineering. It has been seen as a science topic that may increase our ability of handling new technology for manufacturing, and verify its practical applications in laboratory scale.
Keywords: Powder Metallurgy (PM); The Breake of mineral transporting train (BMTT); Science and technology.
TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014 P t H www.cokhivietnam.vn • • • •
NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
l.DATVANDE
6 ngoai nuoc, vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot dugc su dung de che tao cac chi tiet phanh va cac cum truyen dgng cua xe 6 to, may nong nghiep, may mo, may xay dung, may bay, may cong cu, may dap, may ep trong san xuat co khi. Viec su dung cac loai vat lieu ma sat de lam viec a dieu kien lam viec khong c6 boi tron (ma sat kho) nhu:
Khop noi, phanh ham, khop noi dien tir thay the cho vat Heu thep va gang diic hoac cac vat lieu ma sat gan ket vai nen bang gang hoac thep truyen thong tru'oc day cho phep tang do ben va do tin cay khi lam viec cung nhu tang hieu qua su dung cua cac cum ma sat trong may moc thiet bi. Vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot dong thai tao dieu kien tot de thiet ke, che tao cac cum ma sat co ket cau mai vai he so ma sat cao, kha nang lam viec on dinh, chiu mai m6n va ben nhiet cao cua ca hai chi tiet cap doi [1,2].
O Viet Nam, gan day, tai mgt so co so nghien cuu chuyen nganh hang khong [3]; Truang Dai hgc Bach khoa Ha Ngi [4]; Vien Nghien cim Ca
khi (Bg Cong Thuang) [5,6,8]; Vien KHCN Mo luyen kim da bat dku co nghien cuu ve van de ch^
tao vat lieu ch6ng ma sat lam bac trugt [7] va vSt lieu ma sat lam dia ly hgp [8] bang cong ng]i|
luyen kim bot, nhung chua du co so khoa hgc va thuc tien de ung dung thuc su vao phuc vu san xuat trong cac nganh kinh te nuoc ta. Dac biet la trong nganh Khai thac than va khoang san Vi6t Nam hien nay, co mgt so lugng Ion cac thigt bi, may moc va xe van tai mo dang hoat dgng dirac nhap tu nhieu nguon cung cap nuac ngoai, hang nam can thay the nhieu phu tung mau mon chong hong, trong do co chi tiet guoc phanh tau van tai khoang san bang duang sat nhu anh chup cho tren hinh 1. Nhimg phu tiing nay phai nhap ngoai vai gia thanh cao, nhieu khi khong chu dgng duac theo ke hoach san xuat. Vi vay, nhom tac gia chgn huang nghien ciiu che tao vat lieu to hgp nhieu l»jp su dung cho viec che tao eac dia ly hgp trong dgng ca xe 6 to van tai mo nham muc tieu tien toi thay the nguon hang nhap khau, tiet kiem ngoai te voi nang luc ve cong nghe & thiet bi hien co trong nuoc la rat can thiet va co kha nang ling dung cao.
<^) b) c) d) Hinh 1: Anh chup chi tiet gudc phanh tdu van tdi khodng sdn bang dudng sdt tren khai truang mo
Quang Ninh: a) Mat ben I; b) Mdt bin 2; c) Mat ddu ldp ghep; d) Mat lam viec tiip xuc ma sdt.
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2. PHirONG PHAP NGHIEN CUtJ Nghien cuu tai lieu da cong b6 trong va ngoai nuac ket hgp khao sat mlu san pham gu6c phanh tau van tai khoang san bing duong sit (BMTT) dk xac dinh mac hgp kim, phuong an thik ke che tao phu hgp dieu kien Viet Nam.
3. KET QUA NGHIEN CUtJ
3.1. Sff lu-flfc lich stf u-ng dung vat lieu ma sat Cac kim loai va hgp kim a dang don kim loai khong the co dugc cac tinh nang tong hgp nhu yeu cau che tao vat lieu ma sat de su dung lam lop vat lieu tren dia ly hgp truyen dgng hoac lam phanh cua cac may moc thiet bi va trong may dgng luc.
Do vay, ngay tu nhiing nam cuoi the ky 19, tren the giai tai cac nuoc cong nghiep phat trien nhu Anh, My, Nga va mgt so nuoc khac nguoi ta da nghien cuu va dua vao san xuat vat lieu gang hgp kim chiu m6n lam vat hy sinh trong bg doi ma sat vai CO true, dac biet la cac ma phanh tau hoa, voi dac tinh ma sat hgc la co he so ma sat cao.
Den giai doan vao nua dau the ky 20, gang xam la vat lieu dugc sii' dung pho bien d& che tao guoc phanh tau van tai duong sat, bi m6n nhanh, moi ben su dung thap. Do do, xuat phat tu yeu cau thuc ti8n phai nang cao tuoi thg ciia chiing ma a cac nuoc cong nghiep phat trien da nghien ciiu va dua vao ling dung cac loai vat lieu tien tien hon, do la gang xam grafit tam diic, gang giun, vat lieu t6 hgp (composite). Cac tien bg khoa hgc ky thuat ngay cang cao ddng hanh ciing vol su phat trien cua ky thuat vat lieu mai trong cong nghiep dong toa xe, dac biet la vat lieu chiu nhiet va chiu mai mon cao lam gu6c phanh trong he thdng phanh, giiip cho cac t^u van tai duong sat cung nhu tau duang sat t6c do cao dam bao lara viec on dinh va nang cao tu6i thg lam viec ciia chiing. Tuy nhien, trong qua trinh phat tri^n cong nghe tren the giai, TAP
da CO mgt so nuac di dau trong che tao tau van tai duang sat cao toe, vi du nhu: Phap, My, Nhat Ban, Due, Nga, An Do, Trung Quoc co nhieu bi quyet cong nghe trong che tao cac loai vat lieu mai thay the vat lieu truyen thong trong cong nghiep dong toa xe lira. Mgt so huong nghien cuu ung dung quan trgng la che tao vat lieu gang giun theo cong nghe ciia Tay Dire hoac Lien Bang Nga CO tinh nang dac biet nhu: Chiu nhiet va chiu mai mon cao. Cac vat lieu nay da dugc sir dung pho bien o nhirng nam sau 1950 va cho den nay de chB tao guoc phanh cho cac toa tau van tai duang sit bang cong nghe luyen kim tien tiln.
Nhung cac ling dung noi tren vSn chua dii dam bao cac yen cau ngay cang cao ciia ky thuat che tao may hien dai, vi the ngay tu nhimg nam sau thap ky 50 ciia the ky truac, tren the gioi da dua vao ling dung phuong phap diic - can luyen kim truyen thong de che tao bimetal (2 lop), trimetal (3 lop) nhieu lap nhu: Thep - hgp kim dong chi; thep - hgp kim dong latong a dang tam hoac dia de thay the cho viec diic hgp kim dong chi dan lap (monolit) truoc do nham muc tieu su dung chi tiet co tinh nang tong hgp cao hem cho san pham dia ly hgp va phanh.
Mac du vay, den sau nam 1960, nguai ta da phat trien manh viec su dung vat lieu ma sat mai tren co so ling dung cong nghe luyen kim hot (PM) voi nhieu uu diem quan trgng ciia vat Heu to hgp, trong do co vat lieu composite lam lop hgp kim ma sat tren cac ma phanh va dTa ly hgp cua may dgng luc. Nhiing vat lieu ma sat moi nay c6 tinh chat dac biet a cho co the dua vao thanh phSn ciia chiing cac ham lugng kim loai khac nhau vai ty le lan theo y muon. Ngoai ra, c6n co th^ dua vao vat lieu dau vao mgt lugng chat boi trcm rin nhu: graphit (C^^), dioxit Molipden (MoSJ, chi (Pb),....cac nguyen to nay dam bao kha nang tu boi trong cua vat heu moi trong qua trinh ma sat, CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014 i f H
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NGHIEN ciiu-TRAODOI
digu do nang cao rit nhieu tinh chiu m6n cua vat lieu thieu kk luyen kim bot so voi vat lieu ma sat due - can luyen kim truyen thong.
Hien nay, cac san pham vat lieu luyen kim bot da dugc ung dung rgng rai trong nhieu nganh kinh tl ciia cac nuoc cong nghiep phat trien tren thi gioi, dac biet la trong cong nghiep che tao 6 to, thilt bi khai thac mo, may dgng luc,... Rieng nhom vat lieu ma sat lam dia ly hgp va phanh cua nhihig thiet bi nay da dugc tieu chuan hoa, vi du nhu a Lien bang Nga [1,2].
3.2. Mot so van d6 co so" ly thuyet va thuc tiln o" trong va ngoai nuofc:
Ngay nay, trong da so cac may moc thiet bi ciia Lien bang Nga va cac nuac khac tren the giai chi tao dugc lap cac bg phan ma sat deu nham muc dich khac nhau: Chuyen dgng, dung va khoi dgng lai, thay doi che do su dung va dieu khien chiing khong the thieu cac bg phanh ma sat hoac cac bg ph^n chuyen so ma kha nang lam viec cua nhirng co can do phu thugc vao cac dac tinh ky thuat ciia chiing. Nguai ta phan chia thanh 3 nhom dieu kien lam viec mai m6n ciia vat Heu ma sat: 1) Tai trgng nang khi ap suat cao (p^^ < 6 MPa) voi toe do trugt v < 40 m/s, nhiet do tuc thoi giai han tren bh mat ma sat (T ,, < 1000 '^C); 2) Tai trgng trung binh khi p^^^ = 1,5 MPa va T^^ - 400 ^C; 3) Tai n-gng nhe khi p^^^< 0,8 MPa va T^j^ < 200 "^C.
Ngoai ra, cac loai vat lieu ma sat mai co thg lam viec 6 dieu kien tai trgng rat nang a toe do trugt CO the den 50 - 100 m/s vai ap luc ma sat p ^ 2 MPa va nhiet do tuc thai gioi han T |^ < 1200 °C.
Tu nhirng vat lieu ma sat da dugc bilt din nay [1,2,8] thi vat Heu ma sat luyen kim bot dap ling kha day du nhung yeu cau ky thuat lam viec a che do co boi tron (bg ly hgp) va khong boi tron (cac bg phanh), no dugc che tao tu nguyen lieu dau vao la kim loai va phi kim loai. Cac ciu tu TAP CHI CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam
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kim loai lam cho vat lieu co do ben cao, c6n cac chit phi kim loai - lam tang he so ma sat va giam xu huong bi an mon vao vat lieu (bi bao mon do ma sat khi pham ham). Nho co cac dac tmh do ma vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot co the lam viSc a tai trgng va toe do phanh trugt cao va dac hung bai do bin m6n cao hon so voi cac vat lieu ma sat khac, chi tao bang cong nghe luyen kim tmygn th6ng. Viec su dung vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot trong cac bg phanh ham dam bao su khai dong tron diu, he so ma sat on dinh va tuoi tho nang cao. Hien nay, 75% cac chi tiet ma sat dugc san xuit lam viec trong moi truong c6 dau boi trcm, Su CO mat cua dau boi tron cho phep su dung toe do va ap luc cao, dam bao he so ma sat on dinh Hon va tao dilu kien thuan Igi cho viec lam mat bl mat lam viec ciia chi tiet, dieu do lai gop ph3n nang cao do tin cay lam viec va thai han su dung cua bg ma sat phanh.
Vat lieu ma sat co he so ma sat cao (quy uoc f
> 0,2 -^ 0,25 khi a dilu kien ma sat kh6 cua cap ma sat gang - thep va f > 0,5 khi co boi tron). Cong suat ngay cang Ion, toe do va tai trgng cua cac may moc thiet bi hien dai tao ra dieu kien lam viec het sue nang cua vat lieu ma sat. Vi du nhu: Toe d?
phanh co thi dat 50 m/s 6 ap lire din 2,5 MPa khi lam viec khong boi tron va 100 m/s o ap luc 2 MPa khi CO boi tron. Lien quan toi cac dieu kien ciing khi lam viec cua cac bg phanh ham may moc thiet bi hien dai vat lieu ma sat can co cac thih chat dSc biet nhu da neu trong cac cong trinh [5,8].
De lam viec dugc trong dieu kien tai trpng nang khi sir dung (khong co boi tron) nguoi ta sir dung vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot tren nen sat. Do ben va nhiet do nong chay cua sat cao hon dong dam bao kha nang lam viec cua vat lieu trong dilu kien ma sat khong co boi tron, khi do nhiet do tren bl mat ma sat tang din 900 ^ lOOO OC, do la dilu quan trgng khi chgn vat lieu lam 2014
viec 6 dieu kien ma sat kho. Hien nay, co s6 lugng Ion dugc biet cac mac vat lieu ma sat thugc loai nay theo tieu Nga, nhung s6 vat lieu ma sat dugc su dung nhilu nhit thugc 4 nhom sau:
1) Vat lieu mac OMK-11 voi thanh phin h6a hpc g i m : 64% Fe, 15% Cu, 9% Grafit, 6% B a p ^ , 3% SiO^ va 3 % Asbet, co do b i n cao hon khoang 2 lan so voi vat lieu ma sat n I n bronza. LTu d i l m chinh cua vat lieu 3>MK-11 la no co thi lam viec a nhiet do eao va trong khoang lam viec rgng ciia tai trgng va toe do phanh ham, voi dp mai mon tuang doi nho khi ma sat vai cap chi tilt thep toi hoac gang;
2) Vat lieu <I>MK-8 vai thanh phin hoa hpc:
45% Fe, 2 5 % Ni, 10% Cr, 6% W, 7% Grafit va 7% Cu^S, nho su co mat ciia cac nguyen t6 hgp kim hoa trong thanh phan cua no ma c6 do b l chong mai m6n cao 6 nhiet dp lam viec ma sat din 500 - 600°C;
3) Vat lieu MKB-50A voi thanh phin hoa hgc: 64% Fe, 10% Cu, 8% Grafit, 5% FeSO,, 5%
B4C, 5% SiC va 3 % Asbet co dac tinh su dung cao trong dieu kien phanh ham tai trgng nang;
4) Vat lieu CMK-80 voi thanh phin hoa hgc:
46,5% Fe, 25% Cu, 10% B^C, 3,5% SiC, 6,5%
Mn va 2,5% BN, co he so ma sat va tri so lugng mon on dinh trong trong pham vi rgng ciia ap suit va toe do lam viec. Vat lieu nay, dugc cac nha nghien curu tai Vien Luyen kim bot thugc Vien Han lam Khoa hgc Ucraina sir dung trong cac cum phanh ham may moc thilt bi lam viec trong dieu kien tai trgng nang.
Trong san xuat cong nghiep, nguai ta c6n su dung cac thanh phan khac cua vat lieu bot tren ca sa nen dong co chua mgt s6 hat mai tu nhien.
Tinh chat ciia nhiing vat lieu loai nay phu thugc vao ham lugng (theo ti le phin tram) cac thanh phan CO trong nguyen lieu dau vao, vi du nhu: Vat lieu voi 73,8% Cu, 10% Fe, 9,7% SiO^, 3 % B^C va 3,5% Grafit, c6 he so ma sat c6 f = 0,17 va dp m6n 0,025 mm (tinh cho 1 chu ky lam viec). trong khi do, vat lieu voi thanh phin: 75% Cu, 10% Fe, 12% SiO^, 3 % B^C voi nhiing dieu kien thii tuong t u c o h e so ma sat f =0,16, c6ndp m 6 n - c a o hon khoang 1,5 lin [8]. Tong hpp tinh chit cac loai vat lieu ma sat tren co so nen sat cho trong bang 1.
J / . Tinh chdt vdt lieu ma sdt nen sdt [2]
Tinh chat theo mac vat heu Mat do, r, g/cm^
Do ben, o^ , MPa Giai han ben keo, x^, MPa
Dp ben nen, a^g, MPa Do Cling Brmen, HB, MPa
He s6 d i n nhiet, W/(m.K) He so ma sat, f Dp 6n dinh he so ma sat Dp mon t6i da cua mau trong
mpt \kn phanh ham, mm
<I)MK-8 6,0 9 0 - 100
7 0 - 9 0 450 + 500 600 - 900 1
37,3 0 , 2 1 - 0 , 2 2 0,50 - 0,55
5 - 8
tt>MK- 11 6,0 57 8 0 + 1 0 0 3 0 0 - 3 5 0 8 0 0 + 1 0 0 0 46,1 - 19,3 0,23 + 0,29
0,7 - 0,9 22
MKB-50A 5,0 34 67 + 85 150 + 210 8 0 0 + 1000 2 7 , 2 + 1 8 , 8 0,28 - 0,37
0,7 + 0,9 1 0 + 1 3
CMK-80 5,7
65 + 80 200 + 250 800 + 1000 29,3 + 20,9 0,39 + 0,40 0,85 + 0,87 7 + 10
TAP C H i CO K H i VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014
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NGHIEN cuu-TRAODOI
Tom lai, ngay ca khi sy thay doi nho ty le phin tram cac nguyen to va hem niia khi thay the mgt vai nguyen to boi cac nguyen to khac h-ong thanh phan hoa hgc vat Heu, deu co dan den su thay doi dang ke cac tinh chat co ban cua vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot. Cong nghe che tao cac chi tiet ma sat tir vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot bao gom cac cong doan: Chuan bi nen de gan vat Heu ma sat, chuan bi cac chi tiet tu vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot, gan ket chiing voi nhau va gia cong CO khi den kich thuac yeu cau.
3.3. Mdt vai nghien cuu v^t lieu ma sat luyen kim bot moi dang tai tren mang Internet
Theo mpt so tai lieu cap nhat dugc tir nguon thong tin cac nuoc khac ngoai Lien Xo truoc day, CO mpt vai nghien cuu gan day ve vat Heu ma sat luyen kim bpt da dugc tac gia cong trinh [8] tong ket nhu sau:
- Nam 1995 nhom nghien ciru gom cac nha khoa hpc phuang Tay: J. M. Tura, A. Traveria, M. D. de Castellarm, J. Pujadas, J. Blouet, R.
Gras, H.G. Magham. PBelair, T. Hanau, A.
Romero cong bo (Tuyen tap cong trinh khoa hpc cua Elsevier Science S.A.) mgt so ket qua klia ly thii ve tinh chat ma sat hpc cua vat lieu ma sat composite he moolipden phii lop hgp kim ding +10% thiec {Frictionanl properties and wear of molybdenum coating and a bronze (Cu - 10%Sn) with friction modifier fillers");
- Nam 2006, cac nha nghien ciiu: Xiang Xiong, Jie Chen, Pinping Yao, Shipeng Li, Baiyun Huang cong bo tren ScienceDirect vl van dl ma sat va CO chi ung xu cua sit (Fe) va oxit silic (SiOj) trong vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bpt nIn dong {Friction and behaviors and mechanisms of Fe andSiO^ in Cu-basedP/Mfriction materials);
- Nam 2007, cac nha khoa hgc gom: Mustafa Boz, Adem Kurt cong bo tai Hoi nghi ma sat hpc
qu6c tl (Tribology Intemational) ve vin de hifiu qua cua viec dua oxit nhom (A^O,) vao thanh phan vat lieu ma sat ciia phanh 6 to (The effect of A 1^0^ on the friction perfomence of automotive brake friction materials), dang tai tren www.
slsevier.cQm.locate.triboint;
- Tac gia cong trinh gom cac nha nghien ciiu:
A. Shrestha, R. Asthana, T. K. Laksonen, and M.
Singh nam 2009, cong bo tren Tap chi Vat lieu Co khi de tao hmh Joumal of Materials Engineering and Perfomence, (JMEPEG - ASM Intemational) bai bao ve van de tong hgp va cac dac tinh qud trinh thieu ket trong khong khi vSt lieu composit he dong (Cu) - xit nhom (Al^Oj) (Synthesis and Characterization of Air-Sintered Al-,0^-Bronze Composites"), c6 the tham khao tren trang mang dien tii www.sciencedirect.com;
- Nam 2009, cac nha nghien cuu gom: Bekir Unlu, Enver Atik la tac gia cong trinh da cong bo ket qua nghien cuu tren Tap chi Bot va Hgp kim (Joumal of Alloys and Compounds, www.elsevier.
com/locate/jallcomi ve van de qua trinh ung dung nang cao hieu qua cua cac nguyen to hgp kim tren ca sa nen dong (Cu) hgp kim hoa bai thiic (Sn) (CuSnlO va CuSn30) tai tinh chit co hgc va ma sat hgc ciia vat lieu ma sat (Evaluation of effect of alloy elements copper based CuSnlO and CuSn30 bearings on tribological and mechanical properties").
Nhung cong bo tren day, tuy co de cap den tinh chat cua mgt so vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bot, nhung chua cho ta goc nhin ting quat va day dii ve tinh chat eg - ly - hoa, cong nghe che tao, ITnh vuc ling dung cu the cua chiing. Dac dilffl dac trung cua cac chi tiet ma sat luyen kim hot la sir can thiet phai sir dung thanh phin hot sat lam CO so dugc giai thich nhu sau: Do vat Heu ma sat luyen kim bot co do bin co hgc khong cao (giai han chay khi keo vat lieu tren ca so nIn sit ffl\ TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, So 3 nam 2014
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thuong chi bing 8 0 - 1 0 0 MPa, con tren nIn bot ding la 20 - 40 MPa), nen d l tang do b i n chi tilt ma sat nguoi ta phai han no vao cac dTa hoac kim loai bang thep hoac gang.
3.4. Ket qua khao sat m l u san p h a m MBTT nhSp ciia Trung Qudc
Theo ket qua buoc d i u ciia d l tai nghien ciiu khoa hgc cap Bg Cong Thuong nam 2014, v l viec khoa sat man san pham BMTT tren tau cin vet do Trung Quoc che tao va hien dang dugc sii dung tai khai truang mo tinh Quang Ninh cho thiy:
- Phan than san pham dugc che tao bang cong nghe diic tmyen thong co thanh phan hoa hgc vat lieu tuang duong thep cac bon thap mac 08 diic (bang 2);
- Vat lieu BMTT co thi la gang xam GXOO, CO do Cling tren san pham mau dat HB = 105;
- Dp chinh xac gia cong khong cao, cac b l mat khong lap ghep tho dai (khong gia cong hoan thien sau diic), c6n be mat lam viec c6 tiep xiic ma sat voi banh xe go6ng ciia tau can vet van tai khoang san ciing co do nhap nho be mat cao.
Bdng 2. Kit qud phdn tich thdnh phdn hda hgc vdt lieu trin mdu sdn phdm BMTT (Trung Qudc)
Mlu Idiao sat BMTT Trung Quoc
Ham lirpng cac nguyen to chinh, % kh.l.
C 0,0727
Si 0,1228
S 0,0194
P 0,0213
Mn 0,0695
Ni 0,0315
Cr 0,0667
Cu 0,0504
AI 0,0105
Fe Con lai
To chiic te vi vat lieu tren guoc phanh nhap tu Trung Qu6c cho tren hinh 2. Tu do cho thay to chuc t l vi vat heu BMTT nay gom hai pha co ban la Ferit va Peclit, dSng thoi co 16 x6p lan. Nhu vay, vat lieu ma sat sir dung trong truang hap nay chua dap img yeu ciu ky thuat can thiet Idli lam viec trong cac bp phanh tau van tai Idioang san a Quang Ninh hien nay, vi rSt chong bi mon. Do do can lira chpn mpt vai mac vat lieu luyen kim bpt cua sit voi cac nguyen t6 khac d l lam tang he s6 ma sat. Mac vat heu hpp kim ma sat luyen kim bpt MKB-50A ciia Uciaina va Lien bang Nga san xuit co thanh phin hoa hpc gdm cac nguyen to sau:
64% Fe; 10% Cu; 8% C^; 5% FeSO,; 5% B,C; 5% SiC va 3% Asbet, su dung cho dilu kien phanh ham a tai trpng nang.
4 . K E T L U ^
1) Co t h i chpn mpt trong cac mac vat lieu ma sat luyen kim bpt cua Lien bang Nga va dilu chmh ham lupng phv g i " ^°^& Ph?™ ^i hep bang
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Hinh 2: Td chuc ti vi vdt lieu BMTT tren sdn phdm gudc phanh tdu van tdi khodng sdn do
Trung Qudc sdn xudt.
thuc nghiem lam BMTT;
2) Co the dua ra giai phap che tao cac manh hgp kim ma sat (BMTT) theo kich thuac hinh hgc ciia mat ben cho tren anh chup a hinh 1 d, sau do = TAP C H i CO KHI VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014
www.cokhivietnam.vn
NGHIEN ciiu-TRAO DOI
chgn phucmg an lap ghep phu hgp voi phan ket ma sat (PM) cho phep. Day chinh la mpt trong ciu chinh ciia san pham BMTT (hinh 1 a -^ c) de nhihig v i n d l cin tap trung nghien cim 6 nuac ta dam bao ha gia thanh che tao moi ciing nhu phuc nham tim ra phuang an thich hgp trong san xuat hii sau khi hit lugng m6n lop vat lieu hgp kim chi tiet MBTT da chgn trong cong trinh nay. •
Ngay nhan bai: 25/01/2014 Ngay phan bien: 20/02/2014
Tai lieu tham khao:
[1]. OeaopieHKO H. M., Kps^CKB M., EaTaidOTH H. H., (1975^: "CoepeMenuHbie (ppuKijuoHUHueMamepuanu", KHCB, HayMKOsa iiyMKa,336 cxp.
[2]. H. M. d)ejiopeHKO H apyrne, (1978): "CeoUcmea nopouixoe Mema/uioe, myzoruiaeKux coeduueuuu u cneyeuHbix Mamepuajioe", KHCB, Vhaar-so: "HayKoea flyMKa", 183 cxp.
[3]. Tran Sy Khang va cac tac gia, (2006), "Nghien citu che tgo md phanh mdy bay L-39 bdng cong nghe ep nong", Tap chi Ky thuat va Trang bi, so 74,11/2006, trang 45- 47.
[4]. Tran Quoc Lap, Pham Thac, Vii Lai Hoang (2008): "Nghien cim cong nghe che tao vat lieu ma sdt tren ca sd nen sdt - mac 0MK- I! "', Dai hoc Thai Nguyen: Hpi thao toan qu6c ve Cong nghe vat lieu &be mat, s6 48, tap 2, nang 68-72.
[5]. Ha Minh Hiing, Nguyen Van Giap (2008): "Vdf lieu ma sdt luyen kim bot trong che tgo mdy", Dai hoc Thai ] Nguyen: Hpi thao toan qu6c vl Cong nghe vat li$u & bl mat VIMATECH-2008 29/11/ 2008, Tap chi Khoa hpc va Cong nghe, so 48, tap 2, trang 37-44.
[6]. Ha Minh Himg, Nguyin Van Giap, Dang Van Tuin (2012): "Nghien cuu vdt lieu ma sdt bg ly hgp mdy ddng lye, d to van tdi hang nang trong ngdnh khai thdc khodng sdn", Tap chi Ca khi Viet Nam, s6 Tl 1/2012, trang 114-124.
[7]. Nguyin Minh Dat, Ha Minh Hiing (2011): "Nghien citu dng dung cdng nghe luyen kim bdt di che tao vat lieu 2 ldp BCuSn6Pb6Zn3 - thep 08s lam bgc cdn bdng xe 6 td ", Bao cao de tai NCKH eip Bo Cong Thuang, nam 2011, Vien KHCN Mo Luyen khn.
[8]. Ha Minh Himg (2013): "Nghien ciru cong nghe che tgo vat lieu hgp kim 3 ldp (trimetal) ung dung Idm dia ma sdt cua bo ly hap dong ca mdy dgng luc, mdy cong trinh ", Bao cao dl tai NCKH eip Bo Cong Thuang, nSm 2011, Vien Nghien cuu Co khi.
[ t g TAP CHi CO KHi VIET NAM, S6 3 nam 2014 www.coldiivietnam.vn
