^NGHIEN cuu KHOA HOC
KHA NANG CUNG CAP DjCH VU CHAM SOC sue KHOE BA ME TRE EM, SUC KHOE SINH SAN/
KE HOACH HOA GIA DINH TAI MOT SO XA DAO CUA TINH QUANG NINH, QUANG NGAI, KIEN GIANG VA TP.HO CHJ MINH
oh S i n h H 6 n g \ Lg V d n Bdo^ 06 Thanh B i n h ^ Phqm Hong Quan^
T 6 M TAT
Nghien ciiu md td cat ngang dugc thuc hien tai 12 xa ddo thudc 4 huyen dao la Cd Td, Ly San, Cdn Gid va Phii Quoc. Ket qua nghien cim cho thdy: Cac tram y te xa ddo khdng cd du sd lugng phdng co ban phuc vu cdng tdc cham sdc siic khde sinh san. Trang thiet bi y te deu thieu so vdi danh muc chuan cua Bg Y te, nhieu trang thiet bi xudng cdp khdng su dung dugc. Mdt sd xa ddo van thieu bdc sy va can bg lam cdng tdc cham sdc siic khde ba me tre em, ke hoach boa gia dinh... Do do, trong thdi gian tdi ngdnh Y te cdn phai quan tam va ddu tu ban niia cho tuyen y te co sd d cac xa dao, huyen ddo.
TiJ" khoa: Cham sdc siic khoe; bd me tre em; siic khoe sinh sdn; ke hoach hod gia dirdi, Quang Ninh, Quang Ngai, Kien Giang, thdnh phd Hd Chi Minh.
SUMMARY
Cross-sectional descriptive study was carried out in 12 villages of the island is the Island District 4 Co, Ly Son, Phu Quoc and Gio. The research results show that:
The CHS island not have enough room to serve the basic reproductive health care. Medical facilities are lacking compared to the standard list of the Ministry of Health, more degraded equipment unusable. Some island com- mune lacks doctors and staff working in health care mothers and children, family planning...So, the next time 1. UBND TP Ha N^i
2. Hoc vifn Qudn y 3. Tong Cue dan s6
the health sector need to pay attention and invest more for health care facilities in the island commune, district of the island
Key words: Health Care; mother and child, repro- ductive health, family plaiming, Quang Ninh, Quang Ngai, Kien Giang, Ho Chi Minh city,
I. DAT VAN DE
Cham sdc siic khde bd me vd tre so sinh la cdng viec phai 1dm trong sudt quang thdi gian mang thai ciia ngudi me vd khoang thdi gian dai sau khi diia tre dugc smh ra.
Su chu y diing dan ve cdc dieu kien y te vd ve sinh khi de cd the 1dm giam nguy ca mac cdc benh ddn den tii vong cho tre hoac nhimg bien chimg trong thdi gian sinh cho ca me va con. Ket qua dieu tra nhdn khau hgc va siic khde nam 1997chothdydcac vung sdu, vung xa, hdi dao chi cd 31,5%
tre em dugc sinh ra tai cdc co sg y te, trong khi sd tre dugc smh tai nha la 68,5%.. Ty le tre em sinh tai nhd d vung sau, viing xa cao gap 2 ldn so vdi cd nudc (61,7%). Su khac bi^t ro rang nay da khang dinh he thdng y te ciia Nha nuac ciing nhu tu nhdn chua phdt tnen cd ve chieu sau lan chieu rgng.
O viing sau, viing xa, hai dao sinh tai nhd la mdt dieu bhih thuong, ddi khi ddng bdo dan tgc cho rang kinh nghiem do de quan trong han nhiing trang thilt bi hien dai sin c6. Cdc ddn tgc Thdi, Tay, Sdn Diu de d nha la chu yeu. Cdc ddn toe
» Ng^y nhdn bai: 06/03/2015 j » Ngay phan bien: lT/03/2015 1 » Ngay duyM d&ng: 14/03/2015
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I SO 17-Thang03/2015 I Website yhoccongdong.!H'Mdng, Ede, Gia Rai 100%o la de 6 nha do cac ba do yuan cham sdc [5]. Tu thuc trang tren cho thdy cdn nhieu van de cdn phdi lam trong cdng tac cham sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD d cac vimg sdu, vung xa, hai dao. Mudn ndng cao hi?u qud vd chdt lugng cham sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD nhat diilt cdn cd su nang cao trinh dp hieu biet ciia cac bd me mang thai vd nhimg phu nii trong do tudi sinh de khac di k^m vdi ndng cao chdt lugng cung cap dich vu vfi sire khde sinh sdn, ke hoach hda gia dinh, dac biet la cai thien co sd ha tdng, trang bi phuong tien ve sdn phu khoa, tang cudng dao tao nang cao trinh do chuyen mdn cho dgi ngii nhan vien y te tai cdc tram y te xa ddo. Thuc te da chung minh su thdnh cdng ve chdt lugng ciia cdng tac chdm sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD nhat thiet phdi di kem vdi trinh dp, kha nang ciia nhiing y, bdc sy va su nhiet tinh ddng tdm hiep luc cua ddi tugng phu nii trong dg tudi smh de, su ling hp cua cac cap uy Dang, chinh quyen, doan th€
trong cdng tac ddn sd, cham sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD.
n . DOI TU^CfNG VA PHUONG PHAP NGHIEN ClTU - Dia diim nghien cuu: T^i 3 huyen dao vd 1 huy#n ddo cd xa dao: Cd Td, Ly Son, Cdn Gid va Phii Qudc.
- Thdi gian nghien ciiu: Tir thdng 10/2013 din thang 12/2013.
- Ddi tugng nghien ciiu; La ngudi cung cdp dich vy cham sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD: Cdn bg cdng tac t^i tram y tl xd ddo. Tram y te xa dao nghien ciiu: Co sd ha tdng, trang thilt hi, nhdn luc y tl.
- Phuang phap nghien ciiu: Ap dung thiet ke nghien ciiu md td edt ngang.
- Ky thuat thu thap sd lieu: Thu thdp vd phdn tich sd lieu thii cdp tu cac bao cao tdng ket ve cdng tdc cham sdc SKBMTE/KHHGD dja phuang, don vi thupc dja ban nghien ciiu, ngudn nhan lire y te. Tien hanh quan sdt nhd ciia, trang thiet bi y te, thudc, dieu kien Idm viec va hoat ddng chuyen mdn cua can bp y te tai cdc xa ddo nghien ciiu.
III. KET QUA NGHIEN ClTU
Bdng 1. Cff s& hg tdng cua trgm y te xa ddo T T
1 2 3 4 5
Chi so thu th3p Tong dien tich mat bang {m"^) Dien tich nha cap I (m"^) Dien tich nha ciip 2 (m^) Dien tich nha cap 3 (m^) Dien tich nha cap 4 (m^)
Trung binh 1 324
0 0 1.324
0
Nho Dhat 787,8
0 0 787,8
0
Loll nhat 2.556
0 0 2.556
0
Dien tich mat bang ciia cdc tram y te xa ddo khdng ddng deu nhau. Trung binh dat 1.324 m2. Xa dao cd dien tich ldn ddnh cho y tl la Ham Ninh (2.155 m2), Gdnh Ddu (1.538 m2), Ddng Tiln (800 m2), tram y tl xa dao cd di$n tich thdp nhat Id Cd Td (140 m2).
Bdng 2. To chuc cua trgm y tixd ddo HuySn
dao
C6 To
Ly Son
can
Giii
Phu Quoc
Tram y te
rrcoTo
Thanh Lan D6ng Tien An Binh An Hai An VTnh TTCan Thach Long Hoa Thach An GanhDau Ham Niiih BaiThom
Phong kham 1 1 1 1
Phong dieu
tn 1 1 1 0
Phong trvc
1 1 1 1
Phong tiem
1 1 1 0
Phong san
3 1 1 0
Phong dir^c 0 0 0 0
ViroTi thuoc 1 1 1 1
Phong Ithac 1 2 4 0 Khong CO tram y te xa
Khong CO fram v te xa
1 2
0 2 1 1 I
1 1 I 0 1 1
1 0 0 0 0 0
2 3 2 1 2 3
1 4 1 0 0 0
. 1 1 1 1 1 0
2 0 0 1 3 3
SO 17 Thang 03/2015 I Website yhoccongdongvn I
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NGHIEN cuu KHOA HOC
Cac tramy tl xd dao diu c6 phdng khdm (10/10 tram y te),_ phdng trgc (9/10 tr^imy tl), phdng sdn (9/10 tramy te), vudn thudc (9/10 tram y tl), phdng dieu tri (8/10 tram y te). Tuy nhien, phdng tiem chi cd 4/10 tr^m y te dugc bien che, phdng dugc c6 3/10 tram y te dugc bien che.
Bdng 3. Ttnh trgng thiiu trang thiet bj cua trgm y ti xd ddo TT
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9
Chi so thu thap Bo do kham dieu tri chung Bo do y hoc co truyen Bd do chuyen khoa Bd do xet nghiem
Bo do kham dieu tri san phu khoa, dd de Dung cu tiet khuan
Tui y te thon ban Goi da de sach Thiet bi thong dung
Tyl?
10/10 10/10 10/10 10/10 10/10 9/10 8/10 10/10 10/10
Nhin chung, trang thiet bi ciia cac tram y te xa ddo nghien ciiu deu thieu so vdi danh muc chudn cua Bd Y tk.
Trong do, thieu nhilu nhdt la bd dd khdm dilu tri chung (10/10 xd dao), bg dd y hpc co truyin (10/10 xa ddo), bp ddchuyenkhoa(10/10xadao), bddd xet nghiem (10/10 xa ddo), bddd kham dilu tri san phu khoa (10/10 xadao), gdidade sach (10/10 xadao), thilt bj thdng dung (10/10 xadao). Dung cu tiet khudn chi cd 1 tram y tl dugc trang hi day du vd 2 tram y te dugc trang hi du tui y te thdn ban.
Bdng 4. Tinh trgng thieu trang thiet biphuc vg cong tdc chdm sde sire khde bd mp tre em, ke hogch hda gia dinh cua trgm y tixd dao Huyen
dao
Co To
Ly Son Can Gio Phu Quoc
Tram y t§
TTCoTo Thanh Lan Dong Tien An Binh An Hai An VTnh TTCan Thach Long Hoa Thach An Ganh Dau Ham Ninh Bai Thom
So trang thi^t bi thieu tren t6ng so trang thigt bi c6 theo bien che
Bo do kham dieu tri san phu khoa, diy de
5/34 6/34 5/34 15/34
Ttti y te thon ban
1/16 1/16 0/16 1/16
Goi do* de sach 2/10 1/10 1/10 2/10 Khong CO tram y te xa Khong CO tram v te xa 3/34
4/34 5/34 6/34 7/34 5/34
0/16 1/16 1/16 1/16 1/16 1/16
1/10 1/10 2/10 1/10 1/10 1/10
So luong dung cu ciia bp do kham dieu tri san phu khoa, do de con thiiu theo danh muc cila cac tram y te xi dao dao dong til 3 den 7 dung cu, dac biet c6 tram y te xa An Binh thiiu 15 trong tSng s6 34 dung cu tlieo danh muc.
8/10 tram y te xa dao chi thieu 1 dung cu trong t6ng so 16 dung cu thuoc danh muc cila tui y ti th6n ban. Da s6 cac tram y te xa dao thieu 1 den 2 dung cu trong t6ng s6 10 dung cu thupc danh muc ciia goi do de sach.
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I s o 17-Thang03/2015 I Website, yhoccongdong.viBdng 5. Nhdn Igtc cua trgm y ti xa ddo Huygn
dao Co To
Ly Son Can Gio Phil Quoc
Tram y tl xa TTCoTo Thanh Lan Dong Tien An Rinh An Hal An Vinh TTCan Thach Long Hoa Thach An Ganh Dau Ham Ninh BaiThom
Bac sy 0 1 1 0
Ysy san nbi 0 0 1 1
Ysy da khoa
3 2 2 0
Ysy YHCT
0 0 1 0
Nir h3 sinh
0 1 0 1
Yta
2 3 1 1
Dirffc ta 2 0 0 0
Khac
1 0 0 0 Khong CO tram y te xa
Khong CO tram y te xa 1
I 1 2 0 1
0 0 1 0 0 1
1 1 2 3 4 3
0 0 0 0 1 0
I 3 I 1 1 1
2 4 2 0 0 0
1 1 1 1 1 I
0 0 0 0 2 1
Trong sd 12 xa ddo nghien ciiu, cd 2 xa dao chua trien khai tram y te, cdn Iai 10 tram y te xa dao cd 7 xa dao cd bac sy vd 3 xa dao khdng cd bdc sy. Hau hit cac xa dao d6u cd y sy da khoa (9/10 tram y te) vdi sd lugng tir 1 d6n 4 y sy. Ve y td chi cd 3 xa dao cua huyen ddo Phu Qudc la khdng cd y ta cdn cdc xa ddo khac deu cd bien che y ta. Cd 3 tram y te xa ddo khdng cd dugc td Id Thanh Ldn, Ddng Tien va An Binh. Chi cd 4/10 tram y te xa dao cd y sy san nhi va 8/10 tram y te xa dao cd nu hg sinh trung hgc. Trong do chi cd 3 tram y te xa ddo vua cd y sy san nhi va nu hg sinh la An Binh, Thach An va Bai Thom.
Bang 6. Mgng lu&i nhan su chdm soc SKSS/KHHGD cua y te xd dda Huyen
dao Co To
Ly Son
CSn Gio Phu Quoc
Tram y te TTCoTo Thanh Lan Dong Tien An Binh An Hai An Vliih TT Can Thach Long Hoa Thach An Ganh Dau Ham Ninh BaiThom
Cong tac vien
9 9 5 5 28 30 13 5 4 10 11 12
Tmh nguyen vien
0 0 5 0 0 0 4 0 0 0 38 0
Yte thttn ban
4 4 5 2 3 2 8 3 2 3 4 6
Doi y te iiru dong
1 0 1 0 0 4 1 0 0 0 0 0
Diem yte
1 0 2 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 5 0
100% xa dao nghien ciiu deu co epng tac vien dan s6, xa c6 nhieu cong tac vien nhit la xa An Vinh (30 cong tac vita), xa it nhit la Thach An (4 cong tac vien). Vi tinh nguyen vien, chi co 3 xa dao la D6ng Tiin, CSn Thach va Ham Ninh la co tinh nguyen vien trong do xa Ham Ninh c6 toi 3S tinh nguyen vien. S6 lugng nhan vien y ti thon ban tai cac xa dao dao dong tii 2 din 8 nguoi, trong do cao nhit la xa Cjn Thach (8 nhan vien). 4/12 xa dao co doi y t i lira dong, trong do xa dao An VTnh c6 toi 4 dpi. VS diim y ti, co 7/12 xa dao khong c6 diim y te tap trung chu yiu d cac xa thupc huyen Ciin Gio va Phii Quoc.
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NGHIEN cuu KHOA HOC
Bdng 7. Mgng lu&i cung cdp dich vu chdm soc SKSS/KHHGD eua y te xd dda
Huy^n dio
Co To
Ly Son Ck Gio Phli Quoc
Tram y te TTCoTo Thanh Lan Dong Tien An Binh An Hai An Vmh TT Cin Thach Long Hoa Thach An Ganh Dau Ham Ninh BaiThom
Djch vu tir nhan ve CSSKSS
0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
Djch vvi ttr nhan ve KHHGB 0 0 0 0 0 1 1 0 0 0 0 0
si nha thuoc tir
nhan 4 3 0 0 8 9 0 3 0 2 4 1
So phong kham tir
nhan 0 0 0 0 0 10 1 0 0 0 1 1
So binh vien tren dja ban 1 0 0 0 0 1 I 0 0 0 0 0
Dich vu tu nhdn ve cham sdc SKSS va KHHGD tai cdc xa ddo van cdn ban che. Chi cd 2/12 xa ddo cd djch vu tu nhan vk SKSS/KHHGD. Cd 4/12 xa ddo cd phdng kham tu nhan vk SKSS/KHHGD, dac biet xa An VTnh cd tdi 10 phong kham tu nhdn ve SKSS/KHHGD. Da sd cdc xa ddo deu cd nha thudc tu nhan, trong dd nhieu nhat Id xa An Vinh cd 9 nha thuoc tu nhan.
IV. BAN LUAN
Tram y te tai cdc xa dao hau het dugc xdy dung mdi vdi sd lugng phdng tuong ddi day dii. Tuy nhien, thuc te cho thdy viec khai thac sit dung de phat huy hieu qud cua cdc phdng chiic nang cua tram y te xa trong Ithdm chiia benh phuc vu nhan dan tren dja ban cdn nhieu han che.
100% nhd cua cdc tram y te xa ddo Id nha cap 3 vdi dien tich trung binh dat 1.324 m2, dien tich nhd nhat Id 787,8 m2 va dien tich ldn nhdt la 2.556 m2. Chdt lugng nha cua cdc xa ddo thugc nghien ciiu nay cao hon nghien cim cua Pham Van Thirc (2010) nghien ciiu tai 9 xd dao khu vuc neap man dam pha cira sdng van chai cd tdi 4 tram y te xa cdn nha cap 4. Ket qud nghien ciiu cua chiing tdi ciing khd quan han nghien cicu cua Nguyin Ba Dung vi theo tdc gid cd 68,7% cac co sd y te Id nha mdi bang va cd 31,3% cdn nha cap 4 [5].
Ve chat lugng cita trang thiet bi sii dung tai tram y t6, da so vdn dang dugc su dung vao hoat ddng chuyen mdn tai tram y te. Tuy nhien, mdt sd trang thiet bi da xudng cdp do khdng cd phuong tien bao qudn hoac khdng dugc bdo dudng dinh ky vd do anh hudng ciia ngudn nudc man. Bdi vay, trong thdi gian tdi cdc tram y t^ can kiem tra lai danh muc trang thiet bi cua tram y td dfi cd ke hoach de xudt vdi lanh dao cac cdp trang bi dii theo danh muc ddng thdi ciing can cd phuong an
su dung trang thiet bi hgp ly nham ndng cao chat lugng khdm chiia benh tai dia ban.
Ket qud nghien ciiu cho thdy, cd 2 xa ddo Id An Hdi va An VTnh la chua trien khai tram y te, cdn lai 10 tram y te xa dao cd 7 xd ddo cd bac sy va 3 xd ddo khong cd bac sy, ket qud nay thap hon so vdi nghien ciiu cua Pham Van Thiic (cd 8/9 tram y td xd cd bdc sy). Hau het cdc xa dao deu cd y sy da khoa (9/10 tram y te) vdi sd lugng tu I den 4 y sy, ket qua nghien ciru nay cao hem so vdi nghien ciru ciia Pham Van Thiic (7/9 xa cd y sy da khoa vdi sd lugng 1 den 2 y sy). Ve y ta chi cd 3 xa ddo cua huyen ddo Phii Qudc Id khdng cd y td cdn cdc xa dao khde deu cd bien che y td, kSt qua nay thdp hon so vdi nghien ciiu ciia Phrim Van Thiic (100% tram y tl xa cd y td). Cd 3 tr^m y te xa ddo khdng cd dugc ta la Thanh Ldn, Ddng Ti6n va An Binh [5].
V8 nhan vien y te lam cdng tdc cham sdc SKBMTE/
KHHGD tai cac xa ddo: Chi cd 4/10 tramy t6 xaddoc6 ysy san nhi va 8/10 tramy tS xd ddo cd nii hg sinh trung hgc. Trong dd chi cd 3 tram y te xa ddo vvra cd y sy sdn nhi vd nii hd sinh Id An Binh, Thach An va Bai Thom.
Nhu vdy, cd tdi 7/10 tram y tg xa ddo khdng cd dii y sy sdn nhi va nii hg sinh, ddy cung la mgt trong nhiing ly do ma sd ca de thudng ngay cdng it di tai tram, khdng nhiing vdy cdn dnh hudng den vi?c triSn khai thuc hien
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I s d 17-Thang 03/2015 I Website' ycan thiep ndng cao chdt lugng cung cap dich vy cham sdc siic khde ba me tre era, kd hoach hda gia dinh tai dja ban nghien ciiu, Nhdn dinh nay ciing phu hgp vdi ket qud nghien ciiu cua Pham Van Thiic tai khu vuc ngdp man, ddm pha cira sdng van chai.
Khdng cd tram y te xa dao nao cd dii sd ngudi bien chi theo Thdng tu lien tich 08/2007/TTLT-BYT-BNV.
Vdi sd lugng nhan vien y te thieu nhu vay, se rat khd khan cho cdng tac cham sdc siic khde ndi chung va chdm sdc SKSS ndi rieng ciia nhan dan trong vung [3].
Ve trinh do chuyen mon ciia cdn bd tai cdc tram y te xa ddo: Bdc sy tai cac xa dao dugc ddo tao trinh do da khoa trudc do deu la y sy, y ta co nhieu nam kinh nghiem cdng tac tai tuyen y te ca sd va la dan bdn dia nen cd nhieu thuan lgi trong cong tac quan ly, khdm chiia benh cho nhdn dan. Ngoai bdc sy, tai cdc tram y te deu cd tir 2 den 4 y sy, y td, Trong do, cd ngudi dugc ddo tao chuyen ve sdn nhi, nii hd sinh, y hgc cd truyen. Tuy nhien, thuc te cho thay chi cd mgt sd tram y te cd day dii can bd chuyen mdn theo quy dinh cua Bd Y te, cdn lai d6u thieu nhan vien hoac mdt nhan vien phdi kiem nhi^m nhieu nhiem vu do dd cung anh hudng den ket qud boat ddng chuyen mdn ciia tram y te.
Ket qud nghien ciiu cho thdy, 100% xa ddo d6u cd cgng tdc vien dan sd, vdi so lugng tir 4 dSn 30 ngudi. Ve tinh nguygn vien, chi cd 3/12 xa ddo Id cd tinh nguy?n.
Sd lugng nhdn vien y te thdn bdn tai cac xa ddo dao dgng tir 2 den 8 ngudi. 4/12 xa dao cd dpi y td luu dOng.
v l didm y tl, cd 7/12 xa ddo khdng cd diim y tl. Nhu vay, mang ludi cgng tdc vien tai cac xa dao tuang ddi day dii de dam bdo it nhdt cd 1 cgng tac vien/cvm ddn cu, thdn, dp. Ket qua nay ciing phii hgp vdi nghien cuu cua Pham Van Thiic tai cdc xa dao khu vuc ngap man, ddm pha, cita sdng, van chai.
V. KET LUAN
Tai cac xa dao nghien ciiu 100%i Id nhd cap 3, trong do phdng tiem va phdng dugc Id 2 phdng thilu nhdt tai cac tram y te xa ddo. Khong cd tram y te nao cd dii trang thiet bi theo danh muc. Bg do kham dilu tri phu khoa Id thieu nhieu dung cu nhat, (cao nhat thieu 15 dung cu). Van cdn 3 tram y te xa dao chua cd bdc sy trong bien che va 3 tram y te xa vira cd y sy sdn nhi va nir hd sinh. Tat ca cac xa ddo nghien ciiu deu cd cgng tac vien dan so. Tuy nhign, chi cd 3 xa ddo cd tinh nguyen vien.
TAI LIEU THAM KHAO
1. Ban chii nhiem chuang trinh y te sd 12 (2001), Hgi nghi ket hgp qudn dan y todn qudc ldn thii 3, Bdo cdo tdng kit cdng tdc ket hgp quan dan y 10 nam ddi mdi 1991 -2001, Ha Ngi, 3/2001.
2. Ban chu nhiem chuong trinh y te sd 12 (2002), Bdo cdo tong ket cdng tac KHQDY, 10 nam ddi mdi (1991-2001), dinh hudng hoat dgng 2002-2010.
3. Bd Y tl - Bd Qudc phdng (2005), Thong tu lien tich sd 08/2005/TTLT-BYT-BQP ngay 16/3/2005, Hudng ddn triln khai thuc hien Chi thi 25/2004/CT-TTg cua Thu tudng Chinh phii vl tang cudng cdng tac chdm sdc, bao v? siic khde nhdn ddn giai doan mdi.
4. Pham Bd Nhdt (2004), "Ket qua ket hgp Qudn dan y - Ddn sd trong boat dgng truyin thdng Ddn sd - KHHGD tai cac xa khd khan thugc tinh An Giang vd Kien Giang nam 2003", Tap chi Y dugc hgc Qudn su, sd 2/2004.
5. Trdn Ngoc Sinh (2005), Thuc trang ket hgp quan ddn y trong cham sdc siic khde sinh san tai khu vuc tii gidc Long Xuyen, Ludn van thac sy y hgc, Hgc vien Qudn y.
6. Thii tudng Chmh phu (2007), Quylt djnh sd 108/2007/QD-TTg ngay 17/7/2007 cua Thu tudng Chinh phii vl viec phe duyet chuang trinh muc tieu y te Qudc gia, phdng chdng mdt sd benh xa hdi, benh dich nguy hilm va HIV/AIDS giai d o ^ 2006-2010.
7. Tdng cue Ddn sd (2004,2006), Dilu tra biin dong ddn s6 va kl hoach hda gia dinh, Nxb Thing ke. Ha Ngi.
8. UNFPA (2004), Chuang trinh hanh ddng Hdi nghi qudc tl vl Ddn sd va Phdt triln - lCPD/Cairo/1994, Ha Ngi.
9. WHO(2003), Women of our World 2002, Population Reference Bureau.
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